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Glaucoma and inherited retinal degeneration/dystrophy are leading causes of blindness in veterinary patients. Currently, there is no treatment for the loss of vision that characterizes both groups of diseases. However, this reality may soon change as recent advances in understanding of the disease processes allow researchers to develop new therapies aimed at preventing blindness and restoring vision to blind patients. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma patients has led to the development of neuroprotective drugs which protect retinal cells and their function from the disastrous effects of elevated pressure. Identification of the genetic mutation responsible for inherited degenerations and dystrophies of the outer retina has enabled researchers using gene therapy to restore vision to blind dogs. Other patients may benefit from retinal transplantation, stem cell therapy, neuroprotective drugs, nutritional supplementation and even retinal prostheses. It is possible that soon it will be possible to restore sight to some blind patients. 相似文献
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Hoenderken H 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2011,136(11):818-819
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Hayashi S. Jinbo T. Iguchi K. Shimizu M. Shimada T. Nomura M. Ishida Y. Yamamoto S. 《Veterinary research communications》2001,25(2):117-120
The concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) were evaluated in 1-, 3- and 18-month-old dogs (four of each age) that had been inoculated with turpentine oil. The CRP and AAG in 3-month-old and younger dogs subjected to surgery or inoculated with either Staphylococcus aureus or a viral vaccine were also evaluated. The average CRP concentration in the sera peaked 2 days after inoculation of turpentine oil. The peak CRP concentrations in 3- and 18-month-old dogs were significantly (p<0.05) greater than those in 1-month-old dogs. The average AAG concentration in the sera peaked 4 days after inoculation of turpentine oil. No significant difference was found in AAG concentrations between any of the age groups. When experimentally inoculated with S. aureus or subjected to oophorohysterectomy, the CRP and AAG concentrations increased in 3-month-old dogs, but they increased little in 1-month-old dogs. The CRP and AAG in dogs inoculated with the viral vaccine did not increase. In dogs with fractures or subjected to percutaneous gastrostomy, the CRP and AAG concentrations correlated with the condition of dogs. 相似文献
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Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) may regulate ovarian physiology. In this study, the influence of IL-1β on secretory activity within the corpora lutea (CL) of cyclic and gravid pigs was determined in vitro during different stages of the CL lifespan, e.g. on Days 10-11, 12-13 and 15-16 of the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. IL-1β (10 ng/ml) increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion from CL of the cyclic and gravid pigs during studied days of the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. Increase (P < 0.05) of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in IL-1β-treated CL was demonstrated only on Days 10-11 of the oestrous cycle. More potent stimulatory effect of IL-1β on PGE2 than PGF2α secretion resulted in the enhancement of the PGE2:PGF2α ratio in cyclic and early pregnant CL. IL-1β increased (P < 0.05) progesterone (P4) secretion only in gravid CL and had no effect on oestradiol-17β (E2) release. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA was stimulated (P < 0.05) in IL-1β-treated cyclic and gravid CL. Expression of prostaglandin synthase mRNAs in response to IL-1β did not increase. In conclusion, IL-1β modulates PGE2, PGF2α and P4 secretion from porcine CL, depending on luteal stage and the surrounding hormonal milieu. The cytokine may act locally in porcine CL for luteotrophic support throughout the PGE2-mediated synthesis and secretion. 相似文献
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1. Urea supplementation of low‐protein (125 g/kg) conventional‐type diets for layers, whether containing fish meal or not, did not appear advantageous.
2. Supplementation of the low‐protein diet with aspartic acid did not affect egg production rate or efficiency.
3. Soyabean meal supplementation of the low‐protein diet increased egg weight significantly whereas aspartic acid did not. 相似文献
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1. We have studied L‐valine transport by the caecal segments of 6‐ to 8‐week‐old chickens. Isolated enterocytes from the proximal caecum incubated with 0.1 mM L‐valine can accumulate the substrate against a concentration gradient. After 50 min incubation, the intracellular L‐valine concentration reached 0.53 mM, a value higher than that observed in enterocytes from the jejunum (0.34 mM; P< 0.01).
2. Enterocytes from the medial and distal caecal regions are unable to transport L‐valine uphill (cell concentration: 0.1 mM).
3. Amino acid accumulation by proximal caecal cells was Na+‐dependent and was inhibited by ouabain and 2,4‐dinitrophenol. L‐methionine inhibits L‐valine uptake and a 2.5 mM concentration abolishes the capacity of enterocytes to accumulate the substrate.
4. The high accumulation ratios shown by the proximal caecum for L‐valine suggest a role for this intestinal segment in the absorption of neutral amino acids present in the caecal chamber. 相似文献
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1. The effects of egg turning upon the formation of sub‐embryonic fluid (SEF), and albumen weight and composition are described up to day 8 of incubation.
2. The density of albumen increased, and the density of yolk sac contents decreased, during the first 5 d of incubation. Failure to turn eggs diminished these changes.
3. The rate of formation of SEF and its maximum weight were lower if eggs were not turned, as was the rate of decrease in albumen weight.
4. The concentration of sodium and chloride, as well as osmolality, were higher in SEF than in thin albumen, and were affected by a failure to turn eggs.
5. Static incubation altered the concentrations of yolk nutrients in SEF.
6. It is concluded that the formation of SEF is primarily dependent upon the transfer of sodium and chloride from albumen to SEF so creating an osmotic force for water movement in the same direction. Turning the eggs promotes this process by ensuring an adequate supply of ions in thin albumen adjacent to the blastoderm. 相似文献
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Selecting 6 heads of new yak strains(the offspring of reciprocal cross of F1 produced by wild yak male mated with domestic yak female)and 6 domestic yaks at 3 and 12 age in months respectively at Datong Yak Farm of Qinghai Province. This paper was studied for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat of yak and their adaptability to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The results indicated that it should be of vital importance marker for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat with two type of yaks at 3 and 12 age in months and their regulations of growth and development to adapt to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau,The main morphological indexes of the skin and hair coat of the rearing new yak strain were higher than those of the domestic yaks at the same age in months, or speak precisely, the new yak strain was more powerful adaptable to the alpine cold living environment than that of the domestic yaks. The resvlts above provided scientific basis for the native strain breeding of yak and the new yak strain rearing. 相似文献
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YU Zuhua DING Ke JIA Yanyan YU Chuan HE Lei LIAO Chengshui LI Jing ZHANG Chunjie LI Yinju WU Tingcai CHENG Xiangchao MENG Kaikai ZHANG Jin YU Zuling ZHOU Ziyu LUO Jun 《畜牧兽医学报》1956,51(10):2567-2575
This study aimed to detect the effect of Gallus TGFβ1 on the biological behavior of MDCC-MSB1 cells. MDCC-MSB1 cells were transiently transfected with Gallus TGFβ1 overexpression vector, interference expression vector, and the corresponding negative control. Then, the expression of Gallus TGFβ1, the cell proliferation, the cell cycle and apoptosis, the migration and invasion of each transfection groups were examined. Results showed that compared with the corresponding control, the MDCC-MSB1 cells transfected with overexpression vector of Gallus TGFβ1 could up-regulate the expression level of TGFβ1, the proliferation of MDCC-MSB1 cells was significantly inhibited, G1 phase cells were increased, S and G2 cells were decreased, the apoptosis rate of the cells was increased, the migration and invasion ability were decreased.However,the MDCC-MSB1 cells transfected with the interference expression vector of TGFβ1 significantly down-regulated the expression level of TGFβ1, cell proliferation was improved,G1 phase cells were decreased, S and G2 cells were increased, the cell apoptosis was decreased, the migration and invasion ability was increased. The results showed that Gallus TGFβ1 could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of MDCC-MSB1 cells, and promote their apoptosis. 相似文献
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Preoperative and Postoperative L‐Lactatemia Assessment for the Prognosis of Right Abomasal Disorders in Dairy Cattle 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Buczinski G. Boulay D. Francoz 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(1):375-380
Background
Preoperative L‐lactatemia and heart rate have been suggested as prognostic indicators of outcome for cows with right dilatation of the abomasum or volvulus (RDA/AV). However, postoperative L‐lactatemia has not been assessed as a potential prognostic tool.Objectives
To determine the prognostic value of postoperative L‐lactatemia (LAC 2), duration of treatment (Dt), relative L‐lactatemia difference (compared with preoperative L‐lactatemia [LAC1]) ([LAC2 − LAC1]/LAC2) and change in L‐lactate over time ([LAC2 − LAC1]/Dt) as compared to preoperative findings (LAC 1 and heart rate [HR]) as prognostic factors in dairy cows with RDA/AV.Animals
A total of 41 dairy cows were included: 19 with AV and 22 with RDA; 11 cows had a negative outcome (NO) and 30 cows had a positive outcome (PO) based on telephone follow‐up with owners 30 days after surgery.Methods
Prospective cohort study. Analysis was performed using logistic regression and comparison of area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) using nonparametric tests.Results
LAC1 > 1.4 mmol/L or LAC2 > 2.2 mmol/L had the same accuracy with sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 75.1–100%) and specificity of 80% (95% CI, 61.4–92.3%) for predicting NO. The relative L‐lactatemia difference ([LAC2 − LAC1]/LAC1) or lactate kinetics ([LAC2 − LAC1]/Dt) were not associated with prognosis. The AUC of the preoperative model (which included HR and lnLAC1) was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.83–1.0) and that of the postoperative model (including only lnLAC2) was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.88–1.0); these were not significantly different.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Postoperative L‐lactatemia is helpful to predict outcome in cows with RDA/AV. The short‐term change in blood L‐lactate is not a useful prognostic indicator, at least during the period of time spent on the farm for surgery and treatment. 相似文献19.
根据GenBank已发表的猪轮状病毒VP7基因保守序列,设计特异性引物扩增猪轮状病毒L1株VP 7全基因序列并进行序列测定及分析。结果显示, L1株猪轮状病毒VP 7基因全长为1062 bp,包含一个982 bp的开放阅读框,编码326个氨基酸,与G5型参考毒株核苷酸同源性和推导的氨基酸同源性分别为88．8％～93．7％和93．3％～94．2％,系统进化树分析结果亦显示L1株与G5型参考毒株处于同一个群,由此确定L1株为G5型。与我国近几年流行的G9型毒株NMTL进行抗原表位分析结果显示,两个毒株在 aa25～aa29、aa86～aa102、aa142～aa152、aa211～aa226、aa263～aa286等区域存在明显差异,可能对其免疫保护性存在一定的影响。 相似文献