首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 968 毫秒
1.
Oxidative stress is involved in the initiation and propagation of chronic intestinal pathologies. Bioactive peptides such as egg yolk-derived phosvitin phosphopeptides (PPP3) have been previously shown to reduce in vitro oxidative stress by up-regulating glutathione synthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities. Peptide and gene expression profile analysis of the PPP3 peptides can provide insight into structures involved in signal transduction mechanisms in the antioxidative stress response. The objectives of this research were to identify the PPP3 amino acid sequences before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion and to assess the genes influenced by PPP3. Peptide sequences were analyzed using ESI Q-TOF-MS/MS, and the expression profile of 84 human oxidative stress and antioxidant defense genes were analyzed. Undigested PPP3 was composed of three main peptides: GTEPDAKTSSSSSSASSTATSSSSSSASSPNRKKPMDE (phosvitin-PV residues 4-41), NSKSSSSSSKSSSSSSRSRSSSKSSSSSSSSSSSSSSKSSSSR (PV residues 155-197), and EDDSSSSSSSSVLSKIWGRHEIYQ (PV residues 244-257) and their fragments. There was limited degradation of PPP3 after gastrointestinal digestion as deduced from the fragment sizes of digested PPP3, which ranged from 5 to 32 amino acids. These fragments were rich in contiguous serines and, in some cases, monoesterified with phosphate. Both undigested and digested PPP3 significantly reduced IL-8 secretion in H(2)O(2)-induced Caco-2 cells, indicating that antioxidative stress bioactivity is retained upon digestion. After PPP3 pretreatment, antioxidant genes associated with oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and cellular responses to chemical stimulus, oxidative stress, and ROS are up-regulated in the presence and absence of oxidative stress, thereby contributing to the prevention of intestinal oxidative stress and the promotion of gut health.  相似文献   

2.
Lactoferricins are positively charged, highly basic peptides that are generated upon gastric pepsin cleavage of various lactoferrins. In the past decade, there has been active investigation of the key antimicrobial segments of the various shorter synthetic bovine and human lactoferricins, but not in porcine lactoferricin. These studies have demonstrated the distinct solution structures of lactoferricin in bovine and human and established the multifunctional nature of the antibacterial, antifungal, antiendotoxin, and antiviral activities of lactoferricins. However, the protective effects of porcine lactoferricins have yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a series of synthetic derivatives of porcine, bovine, and human lactoferricins with 20-residue and 9-residue peptides were prepared to investigate their antimicrobial nature. We found that the 20-residue porcine lactoferricin (LFcin P-20) displayed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, and Candida albicans ATCC14053. The minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations of LFcin P-20 ranged from 12 to 25 microM when tested in bacteria and fungi. LFcin P-20 was 4 times more effective than human lactoferricin (LFcin H-20), but slightly less effective than bovine lactoferricin (LFcin B-20).  相似文献   

3.
根据GenBank中报道的猫白介素-18基因（IL-18）序列，对用ConA刺激的实验猫外周血单核细胞（PBMCf）进行了RT-PCR扩增；将扩增得到的PCR产物纯化后克隆入pMD18-T中得到重组质粒pTIL-18，进行核苷酸序列测定，并与不同物种的IL-18基因进行了序列比较。结果该基因全长579bp，编码192个氨基酸。在推导的猫IL-18氨基酸序列中，无信号肽序列和潜在的N-联糖基化位点，但存在4个Cys残基。与不同物种IL-18相比，猫IL-18与犬、羊、牛和猪IL-18核苷酸和推导的氨基酸序列有较高的同源性，与小鼠和鸡IL-18有明显的种属差异。将pTIL-18双酶切，回收目的基因片段亚克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET28a中构建了重组质粒pETIL-18，转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3），并用IPTG进行了诱导。结果重组菌菌体裂解物经SDS-PAGE电泳可检测到相对分子量为27.5 kDa的重组目的蛋白。经凝胶薄层扫描，目的蛋白表达量可占菌体蛋白的13.6%。  相似文献   

4.
花青素是一类重要的植物次生代谢产物。本文采用生物信息学的方法对已在GenBank上登录的拟南芥、西洋梨、苹果、桃、葡萄、芥菜、菊花新品种和水稻等植物的无色花青素双加氧酶/花青素合成酶(LDOX/ANS)基因的核酸及氨基酸序列、组成成分、导肽、信号肽、跨膜结构域、疏水性/亲水性、蛋白质二级结构、三级结构及功能域等进行预测和推断。结果表明,ORF除了桃和菊花新品种为500bp左右之外,其它几种植物都在1070bp左右,分子量均为4kD左右,理论等电点均低于7,说明LDOX/ANS呈酸性。Glu、Leu和Val是这些植物共有的主要氨基酸。核苷酸同源性比对结果显示,拟南芥LDOX/ANS与其它植物LDOX/ANS的同源性较高;8个物种的LDOX/ANS基因被分为两个大类,单子叶植物水稻LDOX/ANS基因被单独分为一类,其它的均聚成一大类。研究还发现这些植物的LDOX/ANSN端不存在导肽和信号肽,无跨膜结构域,肽链表现为亲水性。蛋白质二级结构中最主要的结构元件是α-螺旋和无规则卷曲,包含一个20G-FeⅡOxy功能结构域。通过此次研究,希望为今后深入研究该类酶的功能和结构特征提供依据。  相似文献   

5.
采用比较基因组学和RT-PCR方法，根据人和小鼠SMAF1基因的保守序列，设计简并引物，克隆了猪SMAF1基因的cDNA序列。所克隆片断全长256bp（GeneBank登录号 DQ191892），包括一个编码了81个氨基酸的完整编码区，该序列与人和小鼠的SMAF1基因的相似性分别为86%和78％，预测的氨基酸序列与人、小鼠、大鼠和牛的相似性分别为81％、67％、70%和84%。猪SMAF1基因在脂肪组织中高丰度表达，在4月龄瘦肉型猪（大白猪）脂肪组织中的表达量显著低于脂肪型猪（梅山猪）（P＜0.05）。本研究结果表明，猪SMAF1基因可能具有和其它物种SMAF1基因相似的功能，推测其在脂肪细胞发生和/或脂肪细胞功能中具有重要的调控作用。  相似文献   

6.
Prolyl-rich peptides derived from hydrolysates of bovine caseins have been previously shown to inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity, suggesting that they may also be able to inhibit the enzymatic activities of prolyl-specific peptidases. This study shows that peptides derived from α(S1)-casein and β-casein inhibited the enzymatic activities of purified recombinant matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9. The inhibitory efficacy was sequence-dependent. These peptides also selectively inhibited the enzymatic activities of prolyl-amino-peptidases, prolyl-amino-dipeptidases, and prolyl-endopeptidases in extracts of HT-29 and SW480 human colon carcinoma cells, but not in intact cells. They were not cytotoxic or growth inhibitory for these cells. Thus, the prolyl-rich selected peptides were good and selective inhibitors of MMPs and post-proline-cleaving proteases, demonstrating their potential to control inadequate proteolytic activity in the human digestive tract, without inducing cytotoxic effects.  相似文献   

7.
A database consisting of 168 dipeptides and 140 tripeptides was constructed from published literature to study the quantitative structure--activity relationships of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. Two models were computed using partial least squares regression based on the three z-scores of 20 coded amino acids and further validated by cross-validation and permutation tests. The two-component model could explain 73.2% of the Y-variance (inhibitor concentration that reduced enzyme activity by 50%, IC50) with the predictive ability of 71.1% for dipeptides, while the single-component model could explain 47.1% of the Y-variance with the predictive ability of 43.3% for tripeptides. Amino acid residues with bulky side chains as well as hydrophobic side chains were preferred for dipeptides. For tripeptides, the most favorable residues for the carboxyl terminus were aromatic amino acids, while positively charged amino acids were preferred for the middle position, and hydrophobic amino acids were preferred for the amino terminus. According to the models, the IC50 values of seven new peptides with matchable primary sequences within pea protein, bovine milk protein, and soybean were predicted. The predicted peptides were synthesized, and their IC50 values were validated through laboratory determination of inhibition of ACE activity.  相似文献   

8.
To obtain information about the extent of the early Maillard reaction between the N-termini of peptides and lactose, alpha-N-(2-furoylmethyl) amino acids (FMAAs) were quantified together with epsilon-N-(2-furoylmethyl)lysine (furosine) in acid hydrolyzates of hypoallergenic infant formulas, conventional infant formulas, and human milk samples using RP-HPLC with UV-detection. FMAAs are formed during acid hydrolysis of peptide-bound N-terminal Amadori products (APs), and furosine is formed from the Amadori products of peptide-bound lysine. Unambiguous identification was achieved by means of LC/MS and UV-spectroscopy using independently prepared reference material. The extent of acid-induced conversion of APs to FMAAs was studied by RP-HPLC with chemiluminescent nitrogen detection (CLND). Depending on the corresponding alpha-N-lactulosyl amino acid, between 6.0% and 18.1% of FMAAs were formed during hydrolysis for 23 h at 110 degrees C in 8 N HCl. From epsilon-N-lactulosyllysine, 50% furosine is formed under these conditions. Whereas furosine was detectable in all assayed samples, five different FMAAs, alpha-FM-Lys, alpha-FM-Ala, alpha-FM-Val, alpha-FM-Ile, and alpha-FM-Leu, were exclusively detected in acid hydrolyzates of hypoallergenic infant formulas in amounts ranging from 35 to 396 mumol/100 g protein. Taking the conversion factors into account, modification of N-terminal amino acids in peptides by reducing carbohydrates was between 0.3% and 8.4%. This has to be considered within the discussion concerning the nutritional quality of peptide-containing foods.  相似文献   

9.
Purification of lactoferricin (Lfcin), a cationic antimicrobial peptide, was achieved by peptic digestion of food grade bovine lactoferrin (LF) followed by fractionation on an industrial grade cation exchange resin with stepwise salt gradient elution. The digest and eluted fractions were partially characterized by MALDI-ToF MS and N-terminal sequencing. A fraction eluted using phosphate buffer with 2.0 M NaCl contained predominantly two peptides with masses of 3196 and 3124 Da, which corresponded to the 26- and 25-amino acid peptides FKCRR WQWRM KKLGA PSITC VRRAF (A), containing the Lfcin sequence. Putative sequences of cationic peptides in other eluted fractions included FKNKS RSFQ, WRMKK LGAPS ITCVR RA, and GAPSI TCVRR AFALE CIRAI AEKKA. The iron saturation level of LF had no effect on the production of Lfcin. Nevertheless, the digestion of LF containing lower iron content led to the production of a higher quantity of low molecular weight cationic peptides. A two-step process using industrial grade cation exchange resin led to 35% recovery of Lfcin and also produced other cationic peptides with potential bioactive properties.  相似文献   

10.
Troponin T (TnT) is one of the myofibrillar proteins that is easily degraded during postmortem aging of pork. In this study, we determined the N-terminal amino acid sequences of TnT degradation fragments produced during postmortem aging and by m-calpain hydrolysis. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of TnT fragments produced during postmortem aging were EVHEPEEKPRPKLTAP, EKPRPKLTAPKIPEG, and APKIPEGEKVDF. On the other hand, the N-terminal amino acid sequences of TnT fragments produced by the action of m-calpain were APPPPAEV, EVHEPEEK, and APK. These sequences of degradation fragments could be mapped on fast type TnT isoform 2. The peptide bonds of His37-Glu38 and Thr51-Ala52 in fTnT2 were cleaved during postmortem aging as well as by the calpain hydrolysis; therefore, calpain was concluded to have an important role in TnT degradation during postmortem aging. It was also found that the sourness-suppressing peptide APPPPAEVHEVHEEVH (Okumura et al. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2004, 68, 1657-1662) derived from TnT degradation could be produced by the action of calpains on Glu21-Ala22 and His37-Glu38 sites.  相似文献   

11.
Barley seeds contain proteins that apparently protect them against attack by microorganisms and insects. Studies of these barley defensive proteins may lead to the development of barleys with improved natural resistance to pests. We have purified two low molecular weight proteins, designated BIα1 and BIα2, from barley grain, using ion-exchange chromatography and reversed-phase and gel-permeation high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both BIα1 and BIα2 inhibited insect (yellow meal worm, Tenebrio molitor) α-amylase activities. For the T. molitor α-amylase, the IC50 values of BIα1 and BIα2 were 80 μg/mL (12.5 μM) and 34 μg/mL (6.8 μM), respectively. Neither protein inhibited either human salivary α-amylase, barley α-amylase, or trypsin activities. N-terminal amino acid sequences of the inhibitors were highly homologous with those of the plant proteins called defensins. The first 20 N-terminal amino acids of BIα2 were identical to those of γ-hordothionin, but neither BIα1 nor BIα2 protein showed any homology with the chloroform-methanol (CM) soluble protein amino acid consensus sequence. The two inhibitors therefore apparently comprise another group of low molecular weight barley proteins that inhibit the α-amylase activities of some insects that attack cereal grains.  相似文献   

12.
克隆了猪MYL4基因的cDNA序列,并利用生物信息学方法进行验证。所得cDNA序列全长1105bp,包含一个完整的开放阅读框,编码197个氨基酸。序列分析表明,该基因与已报道的狗、人、黑猩猩和恒河猴等物种的MYL4基因高度同源,氨基酸序列同源性分别为98.4%、95.9%、95.4%和95.4%。该基因编码的蛋白具有EFH和FRQ1保守功能域。荧光定量分析该基因在猪胚胎骨骼肌（妊娠33 、65 和90 天）中的表达规律,发现MYL4基因在通城猪和长白猪中呈波浪式表达模式,在妊娠第33 天时中外猪品种间无显著差异,但在65 和90 天时长白猪中显著高于通城猪。  相似文献   

13.
We investigated the growth, contents of water-soluble protein and free amino acids of the callus of japonica rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) cultured in liquid N6 medium containing a high concentration of zinc. Furthermore, we determined the N-terminal amino acid sequence of a Zn-binding protein expressed in large quantities in the callus. The addition of Zn stimulated the growth of the callus and increased the Zn concentration. The callus subjected to the high-Zn treatment (hereafter referred to as CHZn) contained a larger amount of soluble proteins and a smaller amount of free amino acids than the control callus. Zinc-binding proteins were separated by affinity chromatography. The SDS-PAGE pattern of these proteins showed a distinctive protein band of about 29 kDa. Especially, CHZn contained larger quantities of 29 kDa protein than the control callus. Twenty-seven N-terminal amino acids of the protein were sequenced as DYAPMTLTIVNNCPYPVWPGIQANSGH. Results of homology search to the amino acid sequences from the nr-aa database and the dbEST database suggested that this 29 kDa protein may be a novel zinc-binding protein and that the protein may regulate the concentration of free zinc in the cytoplasm of callus cells through its binding to zinc ions.  相似文献   

14.
从PK-15细胞中提取总RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩增出猪F as基因,将其克隆到PM D 18-T载体上,进行序列分析。结果表明,克隆的猪F as基因序列与G enB ank上登录的猪F as基因同源性为100%,与人、牛、羊的F as基因核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列同源性分别为73.4%、79.2%、76.4%和56.2%、67.0%、64.6%。F as蛋白胞内区的死亡域,其氨基酸序列在猪、人、牛和羊的F as基因中呈现较高的同源性。  相似文献   

15.
Sixteen samples of Grana Padano cheese aged from 2 to 33 months were analyzed by HPLC-MS. The extraction process involved the use of diluted HCl, thus avoiding a strong deproteinizing agent (TCA), and allowing to maintain in solution also very lipophilic peptides. The molecular mass of the most abundant peptides were determined by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. A new method was developed based on the small fragmentation peaks arising from in-source fragmentation and from software analysis of the known casein sequences, which in many cases allowed the direct on-line identification of the oligopeptide sequences. Several new peptides never previously reported were identified, some of which containing bioactive sequences, consistently with what was described in the literature. Semiquantification of peptides at the different stages of aging was also performed by using a suitable internal standard, providing new insights into the evolution of the oligopeptide fraction during aging.  相似文献   

16.
A peptidase from Japanese cedar pollen, Jc-peptidase, was clarified to preferentially hydrolyze an MCA substrate of Phe-MCA (L-phenylalanyl-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide). This study examined substrate specificities of Jc-peptidase using oligopeptides. Jc-peptidase hydrolyzed Phe-Phe and Tyr-Phe effectively and hydrolyzed Leu-Phe, Met-Phe, and Arg-Phe moderately. Other substrates such as Ala-Phe, Asp-Phe, and Pro-Phe were not hydrolyzed with the peptidase. Results obtained with a series of aminoacyl-Phe peptides were compatible with the facts obtained for MCA substrates except for Arg-MCA. Effects of amino acid residues in the P1' position were also examined using Phe-amino acids. An N-terminal phenylalanine residue was actually released from bioactive peptides such as molluscan cardioexcitatory neuropeptide (FMRF-NH(2)). Because the activity was inhibited with Zn(2+) and EDTA, Jc-peptidase was inferred to belong to the metalloproteases. The N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined to be APIGVQLEIEENYVHMYNGF and an internal sequence to be EIFAATFNVDEETEA, but no homology with other proteins was found.  相似文献   

17.
Mass spectrometry has been used to map chymosin from a fermentative source. The copresence of the two known genetic variants A (Asp(244)) and B (Gly(244)) was ascertained in bovine chymosin. By contrast, either the A or the B genetic variant occurred in the three commercial samples of recombinant calf chymosin (RCC). Specific biomarker proteins were searched to identify the enzyme source, in both bovine chymosin and RCC samples. Analyzing the derived tryptic peptides, evidence was provided that RCC and bovine chymosin are mainly formed by (1-323), (3-323), and (40p-323) (suffix "p" denotes residues in the pro-segment region of chymosin), whereas the minor components, (4-323), (5-323), and (6-323), were only detected in bovine chymosin. Additionally, the three commercial RCC samples contained the protein species (1-323), (38p-323), (39p-323), and (40p-323) and the shorter form (3-323). Differentiation of the natural and bioengineered enzyme is based upon the detection of these unique minor components by mass spectrometry.  相似文献   

18.
A chitinase cDNA clone (CpCHI, 1002 bp) was isolated from papaya fruit, which encoded a 275 amino acid protein containing a 28 amino acid signal peptide in the N-terminal end. The predicted molecular mass of the mature protein was 26.2 kDa, and its pI value was 6.32. On the basis of its amino acid sequence homology with other plant chitinases, it was classified as a class IV chitinase. An active recombinant CpCHI enzyme was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant papaya chitinase showed an optimal reaction temperature at 30 degrees C and a broad optimal pH ranging from 5.0 to 9.0. The recombinant enzyme was quite stable, retaining >64% activity for 3 weeks at 30 degrees C. The spore germination of Alternaria brassicicola could be completely inhibited by a 76 nM level of recombinant CpCHI. Recombinant CpCHI also showed antibacterial activity in which 50% of E. coli was inhibited by a 2.5 microM concentration of the enzyme.  相似文献   

19.
为了研究牛天然免疫力相关巨噬细胞蛋白1(Nramp1)的功能,探求转基因抗胞内感染菌牛新材料创制的功能基因,本实验应用RT-PCR方法从秦川牛(Bos taurus)外周血中扩增出Nramp1编码基因N端序列,并将其克隆到pMD18-T simple载体,酶切后连接于pGEX-4T-1表达载体,命名为pGEX-N2。将重组质粒pGEX-N2转化大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE电泳检测GST-Nramp1-N融合蛋白表达,并筛选最佳诱导条件,用谷胱甘肽Sepharose4B介质分离纯化该融合蛋白。结果表明,牛Nramp1N端编码序列长186bp,与GenBank中的相应的牛基因序列(U12862.1)对比存在一个碱基差异,致使其编码的第49位氨基酸为丙氨酸。构建的牛Nramp1N端表达重组质粒pGEX-N2,于35℃、0.1mmol/LIPTG、诱导10h,在大肠杆菌中高效表达,表达产物的分子量为33kD。结果为进一步研究牛Nramp1在机体抵抗胞内菌感染中的作用并为利用该基因进行转基因抗病牛的培育提供了实验依据和实验材料。  相似文献   

20.
Only a minor part of Maillard reaction studies in the literature focused on the reaction between carbohydrates and peptides. Therefore, in continuation of a previous study in which the influence of the peptide C-terminal amino acid was investigated, this study focused on the influence of the peptide N-terminal amino acid on the production of pyrazines in model reactions of glucose, methylglyoxal, or glyoxal. Nine different dipeptides and three tripeptides were selected. It was shown that the structure of the N-terminal amino acid is determinative for the overall pyrazine production. Especially, the production of 2,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine and trimethylpyrazine was low in the case of proline, valine, or leucine at the N-terminus, whereas it was very high for glycine, alanine, or serine. In contrast to the alkyl-substituted pyrazines, unsubstituted pyrazine was always produced more in the case of experiments with free amino acids. It is clear that different mechanisms must be responsible for this observation. This study clearly illustrates the capability of peptides to produce flavor compounds such as pyrazines.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号