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1.
刘好 《海鲜世界》2002,(1):15-15
加州鲈又名大口黑鲈,是一种名贵淡水鱼类,具有适应性广、生长快、病害少、肉味美、营养丰富、商品价值高、养殖效益好等特点。现将加州鲈商品鱼网箱养殖技术介绍如下: 一、网箱规格 加州鲈商品鱼养殖网箱一般采用2×3或3×3聚乙烯线编织而成,为便于操作其设计规格为4m×5m×2m或4m×7m×2m,入水深1.5m。网目大小视鱼种放养规格  相似文献   

2.
史氏鲟网箱养殖技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
近年来,全国各地均开展了鲟鱼人工养殖,但由于养殖鲟鱼的时间短,在养殖技术及疾病防治方面技术不甚完善,笔者就这几年史氏鲟网箱养殖的经验作一总结。一、网箱设置地点网箱设置在水面开阔、水质清新、无污染的地方,一般要求水深4m以上,水深最好在6m~8m,如果水位过浅则不利于网箱内外的水体交换,使水质恶化而影响鱼体生长,甚至造成缺氧死鱼。网箱一般设置在流速0.2m/s～0.3m/s的水域。网箱在鱼种放养前宜提早入水设置,待网片着生藻类等附着物后再放养鱼种,以免擦伤鱼体。二、网箱结构和安装网箱规格不易过大,一般为3m×3m×3m、4m×4m×3m或5…  相似文献   

3.
鲈又名花鲈、寨花、鲈板,是一种凶猛肉食性底层鱼类,它具有肉鲜味美、生长速度快等特点。鲈较耐低温,其适宜水温为3—29℃,最适生长水温为16～17℃,水温在3℃以下停止生长。鲈属于广盐性鱼类,在海水和淡水中均可正常生长。 一、养殖水域和网箱的制作 网箱养殖要选择在没有工业污染,水质良好,各种理化因子比较稳定的较大型水库。网箱用聚乙烯网片做成,规格为4 m×4 m×3 m。网目大小1～2 cm,单层网衣,网架用木杆做成,浮力采用泡膜浮子,网箱上面加盖,以防鱼逃逸。网箱要设置在水库比较深的部位。  相似文献   

4.
2 0 0 1年设置 2m× 2m× 2 5m网箱 6只 ,其中 3只放养密度为 4 0 0尾 /m3 ,鱼种规格 2 2cm ;另 3只放养密度为 5 0 0尾 /m3 ,鱼种规格 2 7cm ,试验期 180d。 2 0 0 2年设置 2m× 3m× 3m网箱 6只 ,3只一组。一组放养密度为 375尾 /m3 ,鱼种规格 4 0cm ;另一组放养密度为 4 17尾 /m3 ,鱼种规格 6 5cm ,饲养期16 0d。 2 0 0 1年成鱼起捕平均规格为 0 17kg/尾 ,单位产量 6 2 6kg/m3 ,成活率 80 9% ,单位箱体纯收入996 6 7元 /m3 。 2 0 0 2年成鱼起捕平均规格为 0 2 4kg/尾 ,单位产量 87 1kg/m3 ,成活率 90 7% ,单位箱体纯收入 10 90 6元 /m3 。试验证明 :全雄太阳鲈适合高密度的网箱养殖。  相似文献   

5.
在丹江口水库进行了1周年的网箱养殖史氏鲟试验,分析了丹江口水库的水域条件、苗种规格及养殖管理。研究了网箱的设置、规格、深度、水温与养殖品种的关系。结果表明:丹江口水库适合史氏鲟网箱养殖,网箱规格4m×5m×3m为佳,苗种规格以25～50g为宜。  相似文献   

6.
花鱼骨 (Hemibarsmaculatesbleeker)隶属于鲤科 ,鱼句亚科 ,鱼骨属 ,俗称“芝麻鱼”“冷丁”。花鱼骨属杂食性、底层鱼类 ,起捕比较困难 ,而水库网箱养殖花鱼骨 ,不但解决起捕难问题 ,也适时供应市场 ,丰富人们的食膳 ,为养殖户创造了较高的效益。为了扩大花鱼骨生产 ,在水库中推广网箱养殖花鱼骨鱼技术 ,2 0 0 4年我站在广丰县军潭水库进行网箱养殖花鱼骨鱼的试验示范。该技术示范 ,共设置网箱 1 0 0个 ,每个网箱规格为 3m× 5m× 1 .6m ,分二排且分别呈“一”字排列。本示范鱼种放养于 4月初开始 ,鱼种平均尾重 40— 50g ,每箱放养量为45…  相似文献   

7.
不同网箱饲养条件下湘云鲫生长的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
鲁双庆  刘臻 《淡水渔业》2003,33(6):23-25
在 6m× 4m× 2 5m、 2m× 2m× 2 5m的两组 6口网箱中按 195尾 /m2 、 15 0尾 /m2 、 115 /尾m2 三种密度投放湘云鲫 ,大、小网箱分别投喂含粗蛋白质为 35 2 %和 30 0 %的两种饲养。两个月的养殖试验表明 :大网箱的高、中、低密度养殖的平均增重倍数分别是 0 5 8、 0 81、 0 6 3,饲料平均转化效率分别是 4 4 %、 4 7%、4 3% ;小网箱的高、中、低密度养殖组的平均增重倍数分别是 0 2 5、 0 4 1、 0 34,饲料平均转化效率分别是4 3%、 4 4 %、 4 2 %。对比试验表明用粗蛋白质含量为 35 2 %的饲料投喂 ,密度为 15 0尾 /m2 左右的大网箱养殖效果最好  相似文献   

8.
淡水网箱养鱼一般是在水库中进行,河道网箱养鱼尚不多见。2002年郯城县渔业技术推广站在境内白马河上选择宽阔河道投放了4只网箱,进行网箱养殖建鲤高产技术试验。现将试验情况报告如下:1 材料与方法1.1 网箱设置 使用6m×6m×2.6m的网箱4只,选  相似文献   

9.
小浪底水库位于黄河中游最后一段峡谷出口处,水库蓄水后,库区的土地、植被及建筑物的残壁被水淹没,会使水体肥力上升,有利于浮游生物的生长和繁殖,给发展不投饵网箱养殖提供了良好的条件。河南省济源市位于小浪底水库北岸,有3个乡镇紧邻库区,沿大坝向上距离达50km,背风向阳,库汊丰富,是养殖花鲢的理想场所。为了充分调动库区群众开展网箱养殖花鲢的积极性,市水产局在大峪镇、邵原镇等地进行了养殖试验,并取得了成功且已推广,现将网箱养殖花鲢技术总结如下,仅供参考。一、网箱结构网箱选用4m×6m×2m的聚乙烯材料组成单层封闭网身,框架用毛竹…  相似文献   

10.
青虾的网箱养殖周期短、产量高、收效快。现将此项新技术介绍如下：一、养殖水域的选择宜选用微流水体，水质清新，透明度高（不低于40cm），pH值7左右，溶氧4．8mg／L以上，水质不受污染的河道、水库、湖泊等均可。二、网箱设置网箱用聚乙烯网片缝制，网目为24－25目／cm2，网质要好，网线要紧，以防水鼠等咬破而使青虾逃跑。网箱规格以3m×3m×2m－5m×5m×2m为宜，可选用锚、石、桩、缆等任一种方式固定网箱，箱底四角设置沉子，使网箱上下充分张开放四方体，并固定其形状。网箱的排列方式与布局不限，但箱距不小于‘m，以防止网箱！司…  相似文献   

11.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

14.
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15.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

16.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

17.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

18.
Plasma estradiol-17 (E2), testosterone (T), 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) and 17,20,21-tri-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-S) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in white perch (Morone americana) and white bass (M. chrysops) that were induced to undergo final oocyte maturation (FOM) with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Plasma DHP levels increased in females of both species in association with oocyte germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and decreased thereafter. Plasma 20-S levels also increased with oocyte GVM in white bass, but were several-fold lower than DHP levels. Circulating E2 and T levels were greatest during GVM and GVBD in both species and decreased to low levels during oocyte hydration and ovulation. Follicles from white perch and white bass which received a priming injection of hCG in vivo, produced both DHP and 20-S in vitro after exposure to hCG and their oocytes underwent GVBD. Ovarian incubates from unprimed fish of either species produced only E2 and T and their oocytes did not complete GVBD. Oocytes from unprimed bass, but not perch, matured when follicles were exposed to hCG in vitro. Both trilostane and cycloheximide blocked in vitro production of DHP and 20-S and oocyte GVBD by white perch follices. DHP and 20-S were equipotent inducers of FOM in the GVBD bioassay. None of several other structurally-related steroids tested were effective within a physiological range of concentrations. These results indicate a role for DHP and 20-S in the control of FOM in white perch and white bass.  相似文献   

19.
Changes in heart rate, ventilatory activity and oxygen consumption were determined in trout (Salmo gairdneri) and brown bullhead catfish (Ictalurus nebulosus) during exposure to a steadily increasing concentration of waterborne cyanide selected to produce death in 8–9 hours for each species. The lethal cyanide concentration for the bullheads was an order of magnitude higher than for trout. Trout developed an immediate and gradually increasing bradycardia throughout the exposure period. Cyanide produced tachycardia in the bullhead followed by a gradual onset of bradycardia as the concentration of cyanide was raised. Pericardial injection of atropine (a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist) indicated that bradycardia in the trout was due initially to increased vagal tone but later due to the direct effect of cyanide on the heart. Hyperventilation in the trout persisted throughout the exposure period, although the rate and amplitude fluctuated and was variable between individual fish. During the last hour of exposure (highest cyanide concentration), ventilation was characterized by rapid, shallow breaths followed by a sudden respiratory arrest. The bullheads exhibited hyperventilation during the first 3 hours of exposure followed by a gradual, linear drop in ventilation rate and amplitude until death occurred. Cardiac and ventilatory responses in both species were attributed to stimulation of central and peripheral chemoreceptors by cyanide. Evidence is presented which suggests the initial response in the bullheads was due, at least in part, to gustatory stimulation by the cyanide. Oxygen consumption of the trout remained above pre-exposure levels for the majority of the test period. Oxygen consumption in the bullhead paralleled the changes in heart and ventilatory rates. Whole-body lactate levels of fingerlings of both species during cyanide exposure were measured to estimate the extent of anaerobiosis. Whole-body lactate levels were much greater in the bullheads than the trout, indicating a higher capacity for anaerobiosis, possibly due to a greater fuel supply. Overall, the trout responded to cyanide in a manner similar to that produced by environmental hypoxia whereas the bullheads experienced a gustatory stimulus which masked the hypoxia-like response.  相似文献   

20.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

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