共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
沧州市地处暖温带,夏季高温高湿、炎热多雨.每年的6、7、8三个月温湿指数均处于中度或严重热应激范围.为减轻热应激对奶牛造成不利影响,夏季奶牛的饲养管理应以防暑降温为主.奶牛养殖场应在5月下旬开始为奶牛抗热应激做准备,6月上旬采取抗热应激措施.具体应从以下四个方面入手,严防奶牛中暑和其他疾病的发生: 相似文献
4.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(1)
为了研究一种抗热应激添加剂对奶牛泌乳期(173±13)d和热应激期生产性能、抗氧化能力和能量代谢等相关指标的影响,试验选择26头热应激条件下的泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛,采用完全随机试验设计将其分为2组,每组13头,其中对照组奶牛饲喂基础日粮,饲喂组奶牛饲喂基础日粮与300 g抗热应激添加剂,试验期为42 d。在试验开始前检测26头奶牛的产奶量,在正式试验的第7,14,21,28,35,42天记录产奶量,利用乳成分分析仪测定乳脂率、乳蛋白率、脂蛋比、尿素氮含量。在试验期第0,5,10,15,20,25,30天尾静脉采血,10 mL/头,自然凝固后取上清液检测热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、抗氧化指标谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、β-羟丁酸(BHBA)、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)、球蛋白、白球比、总蛋白、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)等血液生化指标。结果表明:抗热应激添加剂可以缓解热应激,且饲喂组HSP70水平在第10,20天极显著低于对照组(P0.01),在第5,30天显著低于对照组(P0.05)。试验使用的抗热应激添加剂可以提升热应激期间奶牛奶产量,达到2.28 kg/d。抗热应激添加剂可以提高乳品品质,饲喂组乳脂率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。抗热应激添加剂可以提高泌乳奶牛的抗氧化能力,饲喂组SOD活性在第10,15,20,25,30天极显著高于对照组(P0.01);MDA含量在第15, 20,30天极显著低于对照组(P0.01),而在第10天显著低于对照组(P0.05)。抗热应激添加剂可以减少奶牛能量代谢障碍性疾病发生,提高奶牛的健康水平,饲喂组BHBA水平在第5,10,20天极显著低于对照组(P0.01);NEFA水平在第20天极显著低于对照组(P0.01),而在第10天显著低于对照组(P0.05)。抗热应激添加剂对乳蛋白率、脂蛋比、尿素氮、GSH-Px、球蛋白、白球比、总蛋白、IgG、 IgM的影响均差异不显著(P0.05)。说明该抗热应激添加剂具有提高奶牛生产性能、缓解奶牛热应激症状、改善机体代谢等作用。 相似文献
5.
热应激对奶牛产奶量和乳品质具有负面影响,并降低奶牛抗病力和受胎率等,若养牛场热应激预防措施不当,不仅严重影响奶牛产奶年限,还会威胁奶牛生命健康.笔者结合自身工作经验,首先分析热应激对奶牛生长生产的影响,然后对奶牛夏季饲喂和饲养管理方法进行阐述,以期提高奶牛夏季饲养管理效率,对奶牛健康保健具有积极影响. 相似文献
6.
通过对使用不同抗热应激模式的奶牛棚内干球温度、湿球温度、风速的测定,计算相对湿度以及评价奶牛热应激程度,研究三种不同抗热应激模式对奶牛棚内微环境的影响。结果显示,三种模式均具有一定的抗热应激作用,其中使用湿帘为主的模式下的奶牛具有最好的抗热应激效果;使用风扇为主的模式效果其次;隔热草帘效果较差,也有可能受牛棚格局影响所致,为达到较好的防暑降温作用,在使用防暑降温措施时,奶牛棚内的密闭性是十分必要的。 相似文献
7.
中草药可从多方面缓解动物热应激,近年来,其在奶牛业中的应用研究也取得了可喜的进展.概述了抗热应激中草药添加剂在奶牛生产中的应用研究及其作用机理,探讨了中医学理论对奶牛热应激的原理和中草药添加剂抗热应激原理. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
13.
In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
14.
Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
15.
《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
16.
17.
K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
18.
19.
《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献