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1.
苏云金芽孢杆菌Ly30株cry1Ac基因的克隆及表达* 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bt菌Ly30株是中国自行分离的对多种害虫具有高毒力的苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt),经CAPS(cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences)系统鉴定。它含有cry1Ac基因。以全长基因PCR产物的粘端定向克隆的方法,设计1对特异引物,分别引入SalⅠ和BamHⅠ酶切位点。以Ly30质粒DNA为模板扩增cry1Ac全长基因,与表达载体pET-21b相应的酶切产物连接,转化大肠杆菌(Eschrichia coli),获得含有cry1Ac基因重组质粒pEKLy1Ac。该基因的亚克隆和序列测定结果表明,其编码区为3534bp。编码蛋白分子量为133.5kD,含1177个氨基酸,等电点为4．8,与CrylAc3同源性最高,存在4个氨基酸的差异,与Cry1Ac10之间则有6个氨基酸的不同。该基因序列已在GenBank中登记注册为AF482767,并被国际Bt杀虫晶体蛋白基因命名委员会正式命名为cry1Ac14该基因经诱导获得高效表达,SDS-PAGE电泳检测到明显的133．5kD蛋白带。室内生物测定结果表明,诱导表达的Cry1Ac蛋白对棉铃虫、甜菜夜蛾等鳞翅目害虫幼虫均有较高的杀虫活性,其LC5o值分别为19.236和3276μg／g饲料。 相似文献
2.
Cry1Ac编码的杀虫晶体蛋白是苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）产生的多种杀虫晶体蛋白中对鳞翅目昆虫有很高毒性的蛋白。第一个Cry1Ac杀虫晶体蛋白最早在库斯塔克亚种HD73中以伴胞晶体形式分离获得,其编码区为3534bp,编码蛋白分子量为133kD,含1178个氨基酸,等电点为4.84。白此以来,Cry1Ac杀虫晶体蛋白结构、功能以及应用研究一直是Bt杀虫晶体蛋白研究的重要方向。本文介绍了苏云金芽孢杆菌中应用最广泛的Cry1Ac杀虫晶体蛋白家族的结构、功能及其基因分类,并进一步就基于苏云金芽孢杆菌Cry1Ac杀虫晶体蛋白的基因工程研究做了分析,提出了持续利用Bt Cry1Ac杀虫晶体蛋白的一些见解。 相似文献
3.
本研究系统地对海南岛热带雨林自然保护区进行了土壤样品的采集、芽孢杆菌的分离收集和Bt菌株的鉴定。从尖峰岭热带雨林区、五指山热带雨林区、吊罗山热带雨林区、霸王岭热带雨林区总共采集了土壤样品1882份,采用醋酸钠培养基结合高温方法分离出芽孢杆菌3924份,鉴定出Bt分离株158份,Bt菌株的分离率和出菌率分别为4.03％和8.40％。结果分析表明,海南岛热带雨林区芽孢杆菌及Bt菌株分布对环境和生态表现出一定的规律性,一般海拔900m至1400m的反菌株含量高、植被覆盖率高,土壤腐殖质含量高的热带沟谷雨林带眈菌株含量最高。显微观察发现,获得的Bt菌株其伴胞晶体有菱形、球形、方形、椭球形、不定性等多种形状。利用SDS-PAGE方法对获得的Bt分离株进行了伴胞晶体进行分析,发现伴胞晶体的分子量有20kD到150kD不等。进一步利用PCR-RFLP技术对Bt分离株进行了cry基因型的分析,初步发现这些Bt菌株含有cry1、cry3、cry4、cry6、cry30、cry40等基因型。我们还利用鳞翅目昆虫小菜蛾和鞘翅目昆虫椰心叶甲进行部分Bt分离株的生物测定,初步结果显示本研究鉴定出的Bt分离株具有不同的抗虫靶标,对同一靶标昆虫也表现出不同的杀虫活性。整体而言,本研究结果显示出海南岛热带热带雨林自然保护区因其独特的热带地理生境、自然的生物演化系统,使得热带雨林区蕴藏了Bt菌株资源多样化,值得期待挖掘出一些新的菌株和新的基因资源。 相似文献
4.
双价苏云金芽孢杆菌cry基因载体构建及其在大肠杆菌中表达杀虫活性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究和利用不同苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)杀虫蛋白之间的增效作用是构建高效遗传工程虫剂，预防和延缓害虫抗性的重要途径。BtCry1Ab,Cry1Ac和Cry2Aa蛋白对重要的鳞翅目农业害虫具有主毒力，质粒pHT-BSK含有能在大肠杆菌（Echerichia coli)－枯草芽孢杆菌（B.subtilis)有效表达的生物安全性标记基因卡那霉素抗性基因。将含Btcry1A,cry1Ac和cry2Aa全长基因的Bam HI/PstI,Bam H I/Xho I和Sma I(Bam H I)HindⅢDNA片段与pHT-BSK的应酶切产物连接，获得了单价cry/km^r组合的重组质粒pBlue-1Ab-km^r,pBlue-1Ab和pHT-2Aa;cry1Ab,cry1Ac DNA片段与pHT-2Aa相应酶切产物相连接获得了Bt双价基因／km^r组合重组质粒pBlue-crylAb-km^r-2Aa和pBlue-cry1Ac-km^4-2Aa，重组质粒中所有cry基因与km^r均形成特异的Bam H I片段。限制酶切电泳分析和特异PCR扩增证实了重组质粒的准确连接。含有重组质粒的大肠杆菌显示了对小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）和玉米暝（Ostrinia furnacalis)的杀虫活性，对小菜蛾双价基因毒力高于单价基因，但对玉米螟它们之间没有明显差异。研究为进一步阐明Bt cry 2Aa与cry1Ab和cry 1Ac之间在不同微生物细胞中的共表达及其表达产物之间的相互作用和构建双价基因杀虫工程菌株创造了条件。 相似文献
5.
黑龙江凉水自然保护区是我国现有保存下来的较大片原始红松林基地之一,总面积6394hm^2,森林覆盖率95％以上。本研究从小兴安岭凉水自然保护区采集土样782份,采用醋酸钠培养基结合高温方法筛选土壤中的芽孢杆菌,通过光学显微镜观察鉴定产生伴胞晶体的苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis．Bt）。总计分离得到芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌分别为1735株和33株,Bt菌株的分离率和出菌率分别为1．90％和4．22％。利用SDS-PAGE和PCR—RFLP方法对筛选获得的成分离株进行了杀虫晶体蛋白和基因型分析,结果表明14株产菱形伴胞的＆菌株,SDS-PAGE电泳分析芽孢后期产生分子量大小130kD蛋白带,PCR-RFLP分析初步鉴定为crylAc基因,其它产圆形或其它不定形晶体蛋白的＆分离菌中,芽孢后期主要蛋白大小为20～150kD不等,PCR—RFLP方法鉴定结合PCR片段测序分析这些菌株含有新型cry4、cry39和cry40基因等。本研究是“中国助资源收鉴与利用”项目组成部分之一,凉水自然保护区苏云金芽孢杆菌的收集与鉴定目的是要对整个东北地区成资源分布和多样性作一个初步评估,实验结果表明东北森林地区具有丰富多样的威菌株和杀虫基因资源。 相似文献
6.
7.
从泸州老窖酒厂的酒糟和窖泥中采集的168个样品中分离出苏云金芽孢杆菌1株,经光学显微镜观察伴孢晶体形态为菱形。以cry1/7/9、cry2、cry3、cry5、cry6、cry8、cry4/10、cry11、cry1Ⅰ的引物做PCR分析进行基因型鉴定,发现该分离株有cry1基因。同时还对该株蛋白质图谱和杀虫活性等特性分析,结果表明该分离株对小菜蛾有一定活性,死亡率可达80%,但该菌株对致倦库蚊无活性。 相似文献
8.
双Bt基因提高青花菜对菜粉蝶和小菜蛾抗性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以青花菜（Brassica oleracea L.ssp.italica）下胚轴为外植体,通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法将苏云金芽胞杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis）晶体毒蛋白基因Cry1Ac和Cry1C分别导入青花菜栽培品种绿彗星中,各获得35株卡那霉素抗性植株。分别以Cry1Ac和Cry1C特异引物对转基因植株进行PCR扩增,结果得到27株Cry1Ac阳性植株和13株Cry1C阳性植株。以目的基因Cry1Ac和Cry1C为探针,进行Southernblot分析,证明多数植株目的基因已经整合到青花菜基因组中。对含有单拷贝目的基因植株自交纯合后通过有性杂交获得带有Cry1Ac和Cry1C双价的转基因青花菜。利用RT-PCR检测Bt基因在转基因植株中的表达情况,发现不同株系间在RNA水平上存在显著的表达差异,部分株系中双价Bt同时得到表达。ELISA检测转基因植株Bt毒蛋白含量为0.12～0.82μg/gFW。结合室内和田间饲虫试验,证明抗虫效果与Bt毒蛋白表达水平正相关。通过多世代选择,获得高抗菜粉蝶（Pieris rapae L.）和小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella L.）的纯合转基因青花菜材料。双价抗虫基因共同作用,提高了青花菜的抗虫性。 相似文献
9.
根据cry1Ia类基因的全长序列设计引物，以苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis）菌Btc008的总DNA为模板扩增出片段长为2.1kb的cry1Ia的全长基因，插入大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）表达载体pET-21b，转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）菌株，诱导表达出81kD的蛋白。该蛋白由719个氨基酸组成，推导的分子量为81.2kDa。该蛋白的氨基酸序列不同于已知的12种Cry1Ia蛋白，是一种新的Cry1Ia蛋白，该基因已被国际基因命名委员会正式命名为cry1Ia8。杀虫活性测定结果表明：Cry1Ia8对亚洲玉米螟（Ostrinia furnacalis）、小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）有很强的杀虫活性，LC50分别为0.268 µg/g、2.227 µg/ml，其杀虫效果与Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac相当。对大豆食心虫（Leguminivora glycinivorella）也有较好的活性，但对鞘翅目叶甲科害虫榆兰叶甲（Pyrrhalta aenescens）没有活性。该基因的获得将为我国抗虫转基因作物和工程菌的研制提供新的基因来源，为筛选延缓昆虫抗性产生的基因组合提供了极为重要的依据。 相似文献
10.
WB9是我国分离自武夷山的对多种重要农业害虫具有高毒力的苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简称Bt)菌株,经PCR-RFLP鉴定含有cry2Ac基因。根据cry2基因序列设计引物,以WB9质粒为模板扩增cry2Ac全长基因,与大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)克隆载体pMD18-T连接获得含有cry2Ac全长基因的重组质粒pMD2Ac并测序。该基因在GenBank上登录号为DQ361267,被Bt国际命名委员会正式命名为cry2Ac4。通过亚克隆方法将cry2Ac4基因插入穿梭表达载体pHT315获得重组表达质粒pHT2Ac,将其转化大肠杆菌SCS110和Bt无晶体突变株HD73 Cry-,得到的工程菌能正常表达70 kD蛋白,形成方形晶体。生物测定结果表明,cry2Ac4基因表达产物对桔小实蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel)幼虫具有显著的毒杀作用,但对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)和致倦库蚊(Culex fatlgans)幼虫基本没有效果。 相似文献
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【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
15.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献
17.
Electron donor and pH relationships for biologically enhanced dissolution of chlorinated solvent DNAPL in groundwater 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Biologically enhanced dissolution offers a method to speed removal of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) sources such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichoroethene (TCE) from aquifers. Bioremediation is accomplished by adding an electron donor to the source zone where fermentation to intermediates leading to acetic acid and hydrogen results. The hydrogen and possibly acetic acid are used by dehalogenating bacteria to convert PCE and TCE to ethene and hydrochloric acid. Reductive dehalogenation is thus an acid forming process, and sufficient alkalinity must be present to maintain a near neutral pH. The bicarbonate alkalinity required to maintain pH above 6.5 is a function of the electron donor: 800 mg/L of bicarbonate alkalinity is sufficient to achieve about 1.2 mM TCE dechlorination with glucose, 1.7 mM with lactate, and a much higher 3.3 mM with formate. Laboratory studies indicate that in mixed culture, formate can be used as an electron donor for complete conversion to ethene, contrary to pure cultures studies indicating it cannot. Various strategies can be used to add electron donor to an aquifer for DNAPL dehalogenation while minimizing pH problems and excessive electron donor usage, including use of injection-extraction wells, dual recirculation wells, and nested injection-extraction wells. 相似文献
18.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
19.
Y. Bashan J. J. Bustillos L. A. Leyva J.-P. Hernandez M. Bacilio 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,42(4):279-285
Inoculation of wheat seedlings with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd was immobilized in alginate microbeads and, without applying any stress, significantly increased the quantity of several
photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the auxiliary photoprotective pigments violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, antheroxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, and β-carotene.
This resulted in greener plants with no apparent visible stress. After monitoring the quantity of photosynthetic pigments
for 4 weeks, we observed that inoculated plants had higher quantities of pigments in shoot and stem. The greatest difference
in the quantity of all pigments between inoculated and noninoculated plants occurred in the first week of growth. Regardless
of treatment, the quantity of pigments in stems was three to four times less than the quantity of these pigments in shoots.
Application of Azospirillum, either as liquid inoculant or as alginate microbeads, did not alter the positive effect of the bacteria on pigment production
or the positive response of the plants towards A. brasilense Cd inoculation. 相似文献
20.
Three slow-growing legume trees used for desert reforestation and urban gardening in the Sonoran Desert of Northwestern Mexico
and the Southwestern USA were evaluated whether their growth can be promoted by inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria
(Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus), unidentified arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (mainly Glomus sp.), and supplementation with common compost under regular screenhouse cultivation common to these trees in nurseries. Mesquite
amargo (Prosopis articulata) and yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla) had different positive responses to several of the parameters tested while blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida) did not respond. Survival of all tree species was over 80% and survival of mesquite was almost 100% after 10 months of cultivation.
Inoculation with growth-promoting microorganisms induced significant effects on the leaf gas exchange of these trees, measured
as transpiration and diffusive resistance, when these trees were cultivated without water restrictions. 相似文献