首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 26 毫秒
1.
Genotyping of Turkish grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) germplasm was characterized by use of six highly polymorphic microsatellite loci (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VrZAG62, VrZAG79). In this study we aimed to clarify the relationships between homonymous varieties coming from different regions. Our results showed a large degree of genetic variability among most of the homonymous cultivars. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 10 to 21, and gene diversity (expected heterozygosity) values ranged from 0.85 to 0.93. Cultivars presenting the same names of Sergi karas? (sampled from ?anl?urfa and Gaziantep), Yediveren (sampled from ?anl?urfa, Gaziantep, and National Germplasm Repository Vineyard in Tekirda?) and Serpenek?ran (sampled from ?anl?urfa and Gaziantep) were clustered together, or very close to each other, in a phenogram. Moreover, the alleles at the six microsatellite loci analyzed were found to be similar in terms of base pairs within each of these three closely positioned varieties. However, all the other cultivars failed to show a suitable clustering pattern when comparing their DNA profiles and names. Similarly named cultivars were not generally grouped together in the phenogram. On the other hand, we detected a tendency for differently named homonymous grape cultivars to cluster together.  相似文献   

2.
To study the genetic variation in Iranian olive collections and some foreign olive cultivars, 47 accessions of 18 local cultivars from 6 olive collections of Iran (Roudbar, Zanjan, Ahvaz, Dezful, Kazeroon and Shiraz), were analyzed along with 30 imported cultivars using 16 microsatellite primer pairs. All the used microsatellite loci revealed polymorphism in the studied genotypes, except GAPU14 and GAPU113 markers. Fourteen microsatellite primers amplified 126 polymorphic alleles in the 87 selected olive accessions. The average number of alleles per locus was 9, ranging from 3 to 14. Polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.85. The genetic similarity based on Jaccard coefficient ranged from 0.15 to 1. The genetic relationships among accessions were investigated using cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Most of the accessions with the same name were grouped together; some exceptions were also observed. As expected, close relationship was observed among accessions within same cultivar. Most of the Iranian olive accessions were clustered to a main distinct group. Two-dimensional scatter plot of principal component analysis revealed a clear separation of most of the Iranian olives from Syrian and other introduced cultivars. These suggest that Iranian cultivars have different origin related to West Mediterranean basin cultivars and have evolved independently from the others. Between and within Iranian and foreign cultivars (cultivars including three or more accessions) genetic diversity was analyzed using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). AMOVA revealed higher within cultivar genetic variation (62.76%) as compare to that between cultivar variations (37.24%). The intra- and inter-cultivar variance tested by permutation test showed significant genetic variation at both levels. The high level within cultivar genetic variance could be due to mislabeling and presence of homonyms in cultivars produced by vegetative propagation from original plants.  相似文献   

3.
Summary

Olive production in Australia has continued to increase in recent years, however there remains a high degree of confusion on the genetic identities of the cultivars being grown. In the present study, seven microsatellite (simple sequence repeat; SSR) loci were used to identify a set of 53 olive tree samples from different sources. The microsatellite DNA profiles of all 53 tree samples, including seven unknown trees, were compared with the SSR profiles of 14 reference olive cultivars. A total of 60 fragments (alleles), averaging 8.57 alleles per microsatellite locus, were amplified. High average values were found for the observed heterozygosity, the expected heterozygosity, and the polymorphic information content (0.73, 0.74, and 0.72, respectively). While all seven microsatellite markers proved useful for characterisation and identification purposes, a combination of three SSR primer pairs (DCA9, DCA18, and EM030) was sufficient to distinguish all 53 olive samples. The microsatellite allelic profiles allowed the 53 tree samples to be grouped into 23 genotypes. The allelic profiles of 14 of these genotypes matched with their reference cultivars, while the genetic identities of the remaining nine genotypes could not be confirmed. Some of these unknown genotypes may have been derived from feral olive trees, or were due to mislabelling and/or planting errors among Australian olive cultivars. Our results confirm the usefulness of microsatellite markers as a tool for cultivar differentiation and identification, and indicate the need for reliable identification of mother plants for commercial propagation.  相似文献   

4.
Ten SSR loci, previously developed for grapevine, were analyzed to evaluate the genetic variability, cultivar relatedness, and parentage in a collection of 61 autochthonous Vitis vinifera cultivars from Tunisia.The number of alleles per locus ranged from 6 to 11, while the number of genotype patterns varied between 10 and 21. The expected heterozygosity varied between 0.621 and 0.855 and the observed heterozygosity was higher than 0.9 at 4 loci (VVMD28, VVMD5, VVIP31 and VVS2) indicating that the SSRs were highly informative.Cluster analysis using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) suggested 14 groups among studied cultivars and 53 grapevine denominations out of 61 were unequivocally distinguished, with all accessions showing at least one-specific combination of alleles.On the other hand, in order to overcome the existing confusion in Tunisian grapevine nomenclature, of the analyzed homonymous pairs of cultivars, only ‘Balta 2’ and ‘Balta 3’ have shown identical allelic profiles, consistent with their being the same genotype. Hence, nomenclature distinction is meaningless and only one denomination should be retained.Due to the high overall power of exclusion (Q) (greater than 99.99%) and to the absence of null alleles, the set of microsatellite loci used is appropriate to determine parentage in Tunisian grapevines beyond any reasonable doubt. The analysis of fingerprints indicated that the Tunisian grape vines have evolved through out crossing between five possible parents: Balta 1, Beldi Baddar, Beldi Rafraf, Beldi Local Rafraf and Khedhiri 3.  相似文献   

5.
The comparability of eight olive microsatellite profiles in 17 cultivars generated by four laboratories using different DNA genotyping platforms was tested. In total, 54 alleles were identified, from a minimum of 3 alleles (DCA15) to a maximum of 12 (DCA9), averaging 6.75 alleles per marker. A representative sample of the olive genetic variability can be obtained by selecting a relatively low number of sufficiently different cultivars. Initial comparison of the data generated, revealed the presence of a few discrepancies between the laboratories, most of them due to easily identifiable rounding errors. However, 94.9% of the genotypes were in agreement between at least two laboratories after the harmonisation of the results and only in seven cases it was not possible to determine the genotype. No discrepancies between the four laboratories were observed at all in 106 genotypes (77.9%), while 18 (13.2%) showed discrepancies at one allele and 12 (8.8%) at two alleles. Most of the differences (73.8%) were due to results obtained by only one different laboratory each time. Markers DCA3, DCA8, DCA11, DCA13, DCA14 and DCA15 showed the highest concordance percentage between datapoints scored from all partners, while DCA4 and DCA9 produced less concordant results. Forty-three percent of the discrepancies were due to heterozygous/homozygous misreadings, that is often related to the presence of stutter peaks. The determining factors for obtaining reproducible results seem to be the utilization of unique sources of plant material, the employment of the same reference cultivars by all the laboratories, the standardization of PCR conditions and the selection of the markers with the most robust amplification pattern.  相似文献   

6.
Eight polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers located in the G1 linkage group of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) were previously developed and evaluated in a small set of cultivars. Those primers were used for studying variability in 77 apricot cultivars belonging to five different geographical groups, such as Chinese, Asian (Irano-Caucasian and Central Asian), North American, Mediterranean and Western European as well as Middle European cultivars. Six of the markers were polymorphic and revealed a total of 71 alleles ranging from 5 (aprigms11) to 20 (aprigms1) alleles per locus with a mean value of 11.83 alleles per locus. In conclusion, the SSR loci located in the G1 linkage group show a level of polymorphism which is similar to loci dispersed throughout the entire genome. The total number of alleles and the number of unique alleles were the highest in Chinese apricots and the lowest in Middle European cultivars. Heterozygosity also showed a decrease from Asia and China to Middle Europe. No association could have been observed between any SSR markers tested and plum pox virus (PPV) resistant phenotype of cultivars. PPV resistant cultivars did not form a separate clade on the dendrogram obtained by UPGMA cluster analysis. Middle European and Chinese cultivars formed separate clusters while other genotypes formed smaller multiple sub-groups or scattered among different clusters. Our results support previous hypotheses on the origin of PPV resistance in North American apricots. The allele data was also presented in a form that allowed the easy observation of allele frequencies in each geographical group at each locus. Using this data field, differences and similarities between cultivar groups can be easily assessed. The analysis demonstrated the links between the North American and Mediterranean apricot germplasm and confirmed that the Chinese and Eastern European cultivars are distantly related.  相似文献   

7.
Seven microsatellite loci (SSR) developed in apple were used for the identification of 63 European pear cultivars. A total of 46 fragments were amplified, with an average of 6.6 alleles per SSR. Only one microsatellite amplified more than one locus. The mean expected and observed heterozygosities over the six single-locus SSRs averaged 0.68 and 0.44, respectively, and the number of effective alleles per loci was 3.43. The amplified fragments produced 61 different fingerprinting patterns that allowed to unequivocally distinguish all the varieties analyzed. Only two varieties, which derive from mutations, could not be distinguished from the original variety. Cluster analysis of the estimated genetic similarity, grouped the varieties according to their pedigree and their geographic origin. The variability detected with the SSRs in European pear varieties was low when compared with the variability detected in other fruit crops in the Rosaceae.  相似文献   

8.
Due to a growing concern for black stem rust (BSR) disease in wheat-producing regions of the USA and Canada, the sale and movement of barberry plants to ‘quarantined’ regions is restricted to just a few cultivars approved as being BSR-resistant. Currently, verification of a given barberry plant as being ‘true-to-type’ of the approved cultivar relies on comparing its morphological features with those of its reference cultivar. Frequently, this approach leads to mis-identification of cultivars due to the similarity of morphological features among young plants. The approach is complicated, or not at all useful, when the plants are dormant, which is the stage at which plants are sold. A reliable technique that could be used at any stage of plant growth to identify and verify cultivars is needed. In this study, the genetic diversity of 51 barberry cultivars was assessed using microsatellite markers, and their genotypic profiles were developed based on the allele composition of different microsatellite loci. A total of 43 alleles were generated at seven microsatellite loci, and all were polymorphic. An unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) cluster analysis of the Jaccard’s coefficient of similarity matrix showed that 84.3% of the 51 cultivars tested were distinct from each other. Ten of the 11 cultivars approved for import into Canada were distinguishable based on their genotypic profiles. The results indicated that microsatellite-based genotyping could be used by regulatory agencies to identify and offer ‘true-to-type’ guarantees to cultivars destined for BSR ‘quarantined’ regions, and to verify the uniqueness of new cultivars when issuing Plant Patents.  相似文献   

9.
香蕉A基因组品种间遗传关系的SSR检测   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  
应用SSR技术,对32个香蕉A基因组类型品种(系)的遗传关系进行了检测。40对SSR引物在32个品种(系)中分别扩增带数在3～15个,平均每个SSR座位可检测2.99个多态性带;引物的多态信息量(PIC)在0.00～0.88,平均0.62。依据SSR数据计算的品种间遗传距离在0.00%～34.27%,平均12.45%,大多数品种间的遗传变异非常有限,但也存在着遗传差异突出的品种:FHIA25、Yangambi KM5、Pisang Jari Buaya、Rose和皇帝蕉。依据26%的遗传距离,除了FHIA25和Pisang Jari Buaya单独化成1组外,其它30个品种可以分为2组:品种间遗传差异相对较高的组I和品种间遗传差异相对较低的组Ⅱ。Williams与引进的洪都拉斯3号、M931之间,洪都拉斯1号和洪都拉斯2号之间,高脚青芽蕉和高脚顿地雷分别没有区分开来,这可能是同物异名,也可能是同一品种未能分辨的突变体。  相似文献   

10.
Iran is considered to have a unique gene pool of different fruit and nut species including olive (Olea europaea L.). In this study, we used 22 previously developed microsatellite (simple sequence repeat; SSR) markers for olive to evaluate the level of genetic variation and to produce identification keys for 63 Iranian accessions of olive belonging to 17 groups of cultivars. Based on morphological features, the number of flowers per inflorescence, fruit weights, endocarp weights, oil percentages, and flesh weights per endocarp had the highest coefficient of variation values, indicating the large extent of morphological variability among the 63 Iranian olive cultivars studied. All 22 microsatellite (SSR) markers revealed a high level of polymorphism, with a mean polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.511. Analyses of genetic structure among the 63 olive accessions were carried out using model-based methods, which showed a tendency for geographical clustering. Ten SSRs out of the 22 were successful for the identification of unique ID keys for 52 of the 63 accessions. In most cases, there was disagreement between the molecular data and the morphological data. These results could be used to reconstruct and maintain a collection of olive for future breeding programmes.  相似文献   

11.
Traditional apple cultivars from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), potentially diverse due to specific geographic location and history of the country, represent a possible source of valuable traits for future breeding efforts and sustainable fruit growing. A total of 39 accessions, 24 traditional B&H cultivars and 15 modern international cultivars, maintained at the ex situ apple collection “Srebrenik” in Northeast Bosnia were, investigated using 10 SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers and 23 morphologic characteristics. All the used primer pairs manage to amplify clearly distinguishable and highly polymorphic SSR alleles, in average 10.4 alleles per locus. More than two different alleles per locus were detected for seven accessions (five traditional B&H cultivars and two international cultivars). Forty one unique alleles were exclusively present within the B&H cultivars, while seven unique alleles were only detected within international cultivars. The differentiation between traditional B&H and international cultivars (Fst = 0.060; P < 0.0001) was significant, also confirmed by analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) (fCT = 0.092; P < 0.001). Cluster analyses of 39 apple accessions, based on 10 SSR loci, revealed that only two traditional B&H cultivars grouped tightly with international cultivars (Ljepocvjetka and Bobovec Jon), while the rest formed separate clusters. Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA), nonparametric multivariate analyses of variance (NPMANOVA) and analyses of similarity (ANOSIM) showed statistically significant difference in morphologic characteristics between traditional B&H cultivars and the international cultivars. Cluster analyses of 39 apple accessions, based on the morphologic data, displayed less differentiation between traditional and international accessions, in comparison to the cluster analyses based on molecular data. No correlation between the molecular and morphologic data set was detected using the Mantel test. Many of the morphologic characteristics which have been analyzed in this study have significant commercial importance, we can assume that unlike the microsatellites these traits have been under agronomic selection pressure.  相似文献   

12.
《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,103(3):305-315
Seventeen peach simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been used in the molecular characterization of 8 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars from Spain, North America, France, and Greece; a new breeding line from the apricot breeding program of INRA (Avignon, France); and 13 breeding lines and 3 new releases from the apricot breeding program of CEBAS-CSIC (Murcia, Spain). DNA fingerprints have been developed establishing the genetic relatedness among cultivars, new releases, and breeding lines. Amplification of SSR loci was obtained for all 17 primer pairs and 14 of them produced polymorphic amplification. The number of presumed alleles revealed by the SSR analysis ranged from one to nine, although most primers revealed three alleles or more. The mean number of alleles per locus was 4.1. Results allowed the molecular identification of all the apricot genotypes assayed. Apricot genotypes clustered into seven principal groups in accordance with their origin and pedigree. The implications of these results for apricot breeding programs in terms of protection of new release and design of new crosses are also discussed.  相似文献   

13.
A collection of 70 olive samples, originating from diverse areas in central-southern Italy (Abruzzo, Apulia, Calabria, and Umbria) and corresponding to 3 major cultivars denominations (‘Carolea’, ‘Coratina’ and ‘Frantoio’), was genotyped at 10 microsatellite loci. In total, 44 alleles with a mean number of 4.4 alleles per locus were detected. The molecular analysis, allowed the study to show a clear genetic diversity between the three cultivars ‘Carolea’, ‘Coratina’ and ‘Frantoio’ and to state that ‘Carolea’ is a polyclonal cultivar, while ‘Coratina’ and ‘Frantoio’, are probably monoclonal ones. The analysis of intra-varietal polymorphism, through the SSR analysis, proved to be very useful both for varietal identification and for intra-varietal ones. Our work shows that the current designations of olive cultivars fall short of describing the genetic variability among economically important plant material. A thorough investigation of the existing variability will prove of major importance for both management and economic production of olive trees.  相似文献   

14.
利用TP-M13-SSR标记构建苹果栽培品种的分子身份证   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
以国家果树种质兴城梨、苹果圃保存的314份来自19个国家的苹果栽培品种为试材,利用TP-M13-SSR标记,基于TP-M13-SSR指纹图谱构建苹果种质分子身份证。16对SSR引物在供试种质间共检测出等位基因357个,平均每对引物检测到22.3个。根据引物扩增等位基因数和Shannon’s指数,从1对引物开始逐步增加引物数量筛选可将供试材料全部区分的引物组合,最终确定6对核心引物可以区分全部供试苹果种质。基于供试苹果种质在6个SSR位点的指纹图谱,将等位基因编码成字符串获得分子身份证,利用条码技术其进一步转化成可被机器快速扫描的条码分子身份证,使每份种质具有可辨的分子身份证,达到利用最少、最特异引物区分最多苹果种质的目的。  相似文献   

15.
Thirty-two Chinese peach landraces/cultivars, a major subset of the core Chinese peach collection, were fingerprinted using seven pairs of SSR primers to assess their genetic diversity and relatedness. The seven primer pairs detected eight loci and revealed an allele richness of 3.125 (average alleles per locus), an expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.450, and a Shannon index of 0.728 among the landraces/cultivars. This level of genetic diversity is lower compared to other fruit trees and Prunus congenus species (cherry and apricot), but it is comparable to previous reports in peaches. A greater level of genetic diversity was observed in landraces than in cultivars, indicating that peach landraces are valuable for germplasm collection. All cultivars and landraces, except two, were unambiguously identified based on multi-locus genotypes. Eight unique alleles were detected among this group of Chinese peaches. UPGMA clustering analysis separated the 32 cultivars/landraces into two distinct groups, which is generally in accordance with the known pedigree information. The results provide accurate genetic information for defined acquisition policy in the repositories, improving the integrity and efficiency of germplasm management and giving evidences for protection of breeder's intellectual rights.  相似文献   

16.
Chloroplast microsatellite markers were used in this study to genotype 43 grapevines accessions grown in Tunisia. Size variation was observed for the three cpSSR loci, both in the sample of cultivars and in wild accessions. The seven alleles observed in the sample of cultivars for the three loci are present in wild accessions except that their distribution is different. Levels of genetic diversity obtained for the Tunisian grapevines either in wild or cultivated gene pools are high and comparable with values obtained with other studied samples of Vitis vinifera. The distribution of haplotypes within the two samples is differential. Indeed, the chlorotype A is most abundant in the wild sample, whereas the chlorotype C is majority in the sample of cultivars. Haplotypes frequencies for cultivated grapevine distinguish haplotypes B and C as the most frequent (28% and 44% respectively) and haplotypes A and D as the least frequent (16% and 12% respectively). For wild grapevines, the seven alleles combined in three haplotypes, A, C and D. The haplotype A is the most frequent (44%) in the analyzed sample of wild accessions while haplotypes C and D show a frequency of 28%. Chlorotype distribution in Tunisian cultivars is comparable with that of cultivars in the Eastern Region representing the primary centre of domestication of the species. These results agree with the higher relevance of table grape cultivars in Tunisian viticulture and support an oriental origin of a large part of autochthons cultivars. Our results agree with other studies based in nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers and suggest independent domestication events for V. vinifera L. species.  相似文献   

17.
云南蔷薇属部分种质资源的SSR遗传多样性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
利用简单重复序列SSR（Simple Sequence Repeat）标记技术对42份蔷薇属（Rosa L.）种质资源（包括13份野生种、变种、变型及29份栽培品种）的遗传多样性进行了研究。用筛选出的18对SSR引物对42份材料DNA进行PCR扩增,在18个位点共检测到148个等位基因,每一位点的等位基因变幅为6~14个,平均8.2个。材料间遗传相似系数变化范围为0.282~0.892,表明在分子水平上云南省蔷薇属植物具有丰富的遗传多样性。本研究发现,在相似系数为0.456时,基于SSR标记的聚类分析可以将 13个蔷薇野生种明显分为5个组,这与植物形态学分类结果大体一致。在遗传相似系数为0.43水平上,聚类分析将42份供试材料分为5大组群;同时初步探讨了野生种之间以及野生种与栽培品种之间的遗传亲缘关系。  相似文献   

18.
利用SSR荧光标记构建92个梨品种指纹图谱   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
高源  田路明  刘凤之  曹玉芬 《园艺学报》2012,39(8):1437-1446
 利用SSR荧光标记技术筛选出的10对SSR荧光标记引物,构建中国建国以后选育的92个梨品种的SSR指纹图谱。10对SSR引物共扩增出132个等位基因,位点的杂合度在0.2421 ~ 0.8632之间。10对引物的扩增带型为8 ~ 44个,平均为29.7个。利用其中5对引物KA16、NH009b、NH013a、CH02b121和CH05d04可区分所有供试品种。92个梨品种10个SSR位点的遗传多样性和多态性信息含量的变化范围分别为0.4886 ~ 0.8810和0.4537 ~ 0.8707,平均值分别为0.7920和0.7732。92个梨品种的SSR指纹图谱互不相同,可以作为各品种特定的图谱,为品种鉴别提供依据。  相似文献   

19.
 采用SSR 分子标记技术对四川野生中国樱桃5 个居群共133 株的遗传多样性水平及居群的 遗传结构进行了研究。结果显示：10 对SSR 引物共检测到78 个等位基因,平均每位点等位基因7.8 个。 Nei’s 基因多样性指数（H）为0.6112 ~ 0.6689,Shannon’s 信息指数（I）为1.1984 ~ 1.3786。基于分子方 差分析（AMOVA）,92.53%的变异来自居群内,7.47%的遗传变异来自于居群间。居群间遗传距离（GD < 0.2416）、遗传一致度（GI > 0.7854）、遗传分化指数（Fst = 0.0844）以及较强的基因流（Nm = 2.7125）均 表明居群间的遗传分化水平较低,居群内存在显著近交现象（Fis = 0.3986）,且居群在大多数位点上偏离 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡。基于上述结果,分析讨论了居群较高遗传多样性和居群间较低遗传分化形成的可能 原因,并提出野生中国樱桃的保护利用策略。  相似文献   

20.
Microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to characterise 23 sweet cherry cultivars of Ukrainian, and four cultivars of non-Ukrainian, origin. To assess their genetic diversity and relatedness, 11 pairs of primers were applied to microsatellite loci, resulting in amplification of 66 SSR alleles. The mean value of the number of different alleles, and the polymorphic index content, amount to 7.333 and 0.700, respectively, demonstrating a significant genetic diversity of the investigated sweet cherry cultivars. Four highly polymorphic SSR loci (EMPAS02, EMPAS06, PceGA34, UDP98-412), which belong to the list recommended by the European Cooperative Program for Plant Genetic Resources, can be used as a minimum genetic marker set for identification of the majority of the studied cultivars; however, for successful discrimination of the most similar cultivars, more markers, located on all chromosomes of sweet cherry, appear to be necessary. Application of unweighted variable-group method using averages clustering allowed elucidation of the relatedness among the sweet cherry varieties, and showed that the Ukrainian cultivars combine genetic material of local, western European, and probably Caucasian origin; however, the origin of several cultivars still remains unclear, and should be studied additionally.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号