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1.
大白菜永久高密度分子遗传图谱的构建 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
以大白菜高抗TuMV白心株系91-112和高感TuMV桔红心株系T12-19为亲本建立的小孢子培养DH系作为图谱构建群体, 构建了包含10 个连锁群、406 个标记位点的分子连锁图谱, 图谱总长度826.3 cM, 标记间的平均图距为2.0 cM, 连锁群数目和染色体数相等。每个连锁群上的标记数在7～111个之间, 连锁群的长度在26.4～156.1 cM的范围内, 平均图距在1.0～3.8 cM之间。该连锁图谱包括246个AFLP标记、135个RAPD标记、11个SSR标记和12个同工酶标记、1个SCAR标记和1个形态标记。 相似文献
2.
The application and informativeness of RAPD, ISSR, IRAP and REMAP markers to study the genetic diversity and relationship among the Citrus and its relative genotypes were investigated. High levels of polymorphism were observed for all four marker systems. The RAPD technique generated the highest number of polymorphic bands and average number of polymorphic band per assay unit. Average limit of the discriminating power was very close to its actual discriminating power of each marker. The highest and the lowest values of effective number of patterns were obtained from the marker REMAP (5.94) and RAPD (4.48), respectively. Correlation between the genetic similarities matrices were estimated from all four markers using the Mantel matrix correspondence test, and results showed significant correlations among the RAPD, ISSR, IRAP and REMAP similarity matrices. The highest correlations were found comparing RAPD and ISSR markers, whereas RAPD and REMAP (r = 0.143) markers were poorly correlated. To assess the usefulness of the overall information provided by these marker data for establishing phylogenetic relationships and Citrus germplasm classification, cluster analysis was performed. All four techniques, solely or in combination, discriminated the genotypes very efficiently and generated a high similarity in dendrogram topologies, although some differences were observed. The linkage analysis was conducted based on the segregation of 38 RAPD, 13 ISSR, 19 IRAP and 9 REMAP loci in 96 progeny of an intergeneric cross Citrus sinensis and Poncirus trifoliata. Among the 81 studied loci 65 loci distributed on five linkage groups. Comparing the result obtained with RAPD, ISSR, IRAP and REMAP markers in this study, IRAP and REMAP proved to be as a reliable molecular marker for fingerprinting, mapping and diversity study of Citrus and its relatives. 相似文献
3.
Hatice Gulen Ahmet Ipek Sergul Ergin Emin Akcay Atilla Eris 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):427-431
SummaryThe characterisation of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) genetic resources in Turkey may help to increase their use in breeding programmes worldwide, as Turkey is the centre of origin of sweet cherry. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were therefore used to analyse genetic diversity among a total of 78 local and introduced sweet cherry cultivars. Four AFLP primer combinations, and six SSR primer pairs for sweet cherry were used for genetic diversity analysis. A genetic similarity matrix was calculated using the combined data from AFLP and SSR analyses with simple matching coefficient. Genetic similarities among the sweet cherry genotypes studied were higher than 42%. No two accessions had an identical AFLP and SSR marker profile, indicating that all 78 genotypes were unique. An UPGMA dendrogram, based on the similarity matrix, revealed 18 separate Groups at or above the 70% similarity level. While some Groups consisted of both introduced and local genotypes, other Groups had only local genotypes. This result suggests that there was broad genetic diversity among the local Turkish sweet cherry genotypes, which was not present in the introduced sweet cherry accessions. The genetic variation present in local Turkish sweet cherry genotypes may be useful for future breeding programmes. We found that the use of both SSR and AFLP marker systems was effective for distinguishing between genetically-close sweet cherry genotypes. These marker systems can be used to complement pomological and morphological markers during the characterisation and identification of sweet cherry genotypes. 相似文献
4.
The present study was to assess informativeness and efficiency of three different molecular markers for genetic diversity among 24 Citrus and its relative species. Sixty one SSR, 33 SRAP and 24 CAPS-SNP markers were used to evaluate the level of polymorphism and discriminating capacity. A total of 596, 656 and 135 polymorphic amplicons were observed in SSR, SRAP and CAPS-SNP markers with average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.97, 0.98 and 0.89, respectively. High levels of polymorphism were recorded for SSR and SRAP compared with CAPS-SNP markers. The highest correlations (r = 0.930) were obtained between SSR and SRAP markers, whereas SSR and CAPS-SNP were poorly correlated (r = 0.833). Cluster analysis was performed to construct dendrograms using UPGMA. And the dendrogram from SSR data was most congruent with the general dendrogram. These findings provide basis for future efficient use of these molecular markers in the genetic analysis of Citrus and its relatives. 相似文献
5.
Eighty-one accessions representing apricot germplasm in Tunisia were collected from different areas of cultivation and fingerprinted using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellites (SSR) markers. A total of 339 polymorphic markers were revealed using 5 AFLP primers combinations and 24 SSR loci. AFLP and SSR markers expressed a high level of polymorphism allowing the distinction of the accessions with an efficiency coefficient of discrimination of 100% for AFLP and 97% for SSR markers. Genetic diversity structure was assessed with AFLPs and SSRs markers separately then with combined matrix data by the help of hierarchical clustering elaborated using Wards method based on Nei and Li (1979) distances. Comparison of the obtained dendrograms revealed a phylogeographic structure into two major groups with significant conservation between the observed subgroups in relation with the geographic origin of the accessions. The relative efficiency of the markers in determining the genetic relationships among apricot accessions has been assessed and a combination of AFLPs and SSRs markers was the most effective. In addition, Mantel test based on genetic distances indicated highly significant correlation between AFLP-SSR data and each of the AFLP and SSR ones, with Pearson correlation values of r = 0.873 and r = 0.692, respectively, revealing the higher efficiency of the combination of both molecular techniques (AFLP and SSR) to estimate the levels of genetic variability among apricot germplasm. 相似文献
6.
J. Fang C. Wang H. Yu X. Li C. Song J. Chen 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):585-590
SummarySweet orange (Citrus sinensis) represents an important group of Citrus fruit; however, the identification of sweet orange cultivars during vegetative growth can be difficult. A study on the genetic identification of sweet orange cultivars may be significant for the sweet orange nursery industry, for cultivar-rights protection, and is important for the genetic evaluation and conservation of these orange cultivars. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to genotype 57 sweet orange cultivars. Ten PCR primer pairs generated 629 unique AFLP bands, with a size range of 50 ? 500 bp. Seventy-four bands (11.8%) were polymorphic. On average, each primer pair produced 62.9 fragments, with 7.4 polymorphic fragments. A dendrogram of the 57 sweet orange cultivars was constructed based on an UPGMA analysis using Jaccard?s coefficients of similarity. This provided a clear comparison of the genetic variation between cultivars and an ability to identify them. From Jaccard?s coefficients, 56 of the 57 cultivars examined were genetically close, with coefficient values ≥ 0.985. ?Variegated Navel? was less closely-related, with a much lower coefficient value (0.94). Among the 57 cultivars, 28 sub-groups, some consisting of only one cultivar, could be separated by their AFLP fingerprints. Compared to ISSR and SSR markers, AFLP seemed to be the preferential marker technique for the identification of sweet orange cultivars. 相似文献
7.
Diego Pessina Rodolfo Gentili Gianni Barcaccia Silvia Nicolè Graziano Rossi Silvia Barbesti Sergio Sgorbati 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
This work investigated the fingerprinting and phenotyping of Citrus germplasm; species selected were of historical importance belonging to Citrus limonimedica Lush. and its supposed ancestors, along with some other species of the Citrus genus. An integrated approach based on the exploitation of nuclear DNA content, morphological traits and molecular markers, such as RAPD fingerprints and ITS-based SNPs, was employed. We studied a core collection of 54 distinct accessions, including 43 genotypes of the Citrus species (18 species or supposed species) and 11 genotypes of the Poncirus genus, which was used as the reference outgroup. Morphological trait analysis and statistical analysis of DNA content and markers were useful for reconstructing a Citrus phylogeny. In particular, our experiments aimed at estimating the genetic variation within and the genetic relatedness among C limon (L.) Burm., C. limonimedica and C. medica L. to shed light on the hybrid origin hypothesis of C. limonimedica. The results of the multidisciplinary analyses allowed us to confirm a remarkable differentiation between Poncirus and Citrus genera and to highlight a close relationship among the three investigated Citrus species but a distinct difference between these three species and other species in the Citrus genus. RAPD fingerprints and ITS polymorphisms enabled us to point out a variation gradient between lemon and citron, with C. limonimedica as a possible intermediate species. Some accessions of C. medica and C. limonimedica that deviate from such a trend suggest recurrent introgression and/or hybridisation with other species of Citrus. 相似文献
8.
应用RAPD、SRAP及AFLP标记构建荔枝高密度复合遗传图谱 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以荔枝（Litchi chinensis Sonn.）特迟熟品种‘马贵荔’为母本,特早熟品种‘焦核三月红’为父本,杂交获得F1群体,利用该群体的76个单株为作图群体,连同两个亲本,进行了RAPD、SRAP和AFLP分子标记分析,并运用Joinmap3.0进行连锁分析,分别构建了‘马贵荔’和‘焦核三月红’的分子遗传图谱,其中‘马贵荔’的遗传图谱为20个连锁群,包含238个标记位点,覆盖总图距1 096.59 cM,位点间平均遗传距离为4.61 cM;焦核三月红的遗传图谱为19个连锁群,包含239个标记位点,覆盖总图距881.36 cM,位点间平均遗传距离为3.69 cM。 相似文献
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10.
以金叶弯刺蔷薇(Rosa beggeriana‘Aurea’,叶色突变材料)和山刺玫(R.davurica)为杂交亲本建立F1群体,利用AFLP和SSR分子标记进行遗传连锁图谱构建。结果表明:124个AFLP标记、25个SSR标记及1个形态标记定位于父、母本遗传连锁图谱的13个连锁群上,其中92个分子标记定位于金叶弯刺蔷薇7个连锁群,遗传距离覆盖度为607.2 c M,金叶突变性状被定位于第4连锁群;57个分子标记定位于山刺玫6个连锁群,遗传距离覆盖度为437.1 c M。两类分子标记的总作图效率达到69.6%。发生偏分离的分子标记数量为44个,偏分离率为29.5%。 相似文献
11.
分子标记技术是基于生物体基因组的遗传分析方法,在植物的亲缘关系分析、遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建、分子辅助育种、品种鉴定等研究中已有广泛应用。其中微卫星分子标记(Simple sequence repeats,SSRs)技术作为一种新世纪遗传学研究工具,以其信息量大,重复性好、可靠性高和多态性丰富等优点,在植物遗传育种研究中表现出很大的优势。本文简要介绍了简单重复序列(SSRs)标记的分布、功能、技术优缺点和产生多态性的机理,并对SSR标记在植物遗传多样性、遗传图谱构建、基因定位与克隆、分子标记辅助育种等研究中的应用情况进行了综述,为植物资源利用、开发和保护等研究领域的应用提供参考。 相似文献
12.
Anita Kuras Kristina Antonius Ruslan Kalendar Dorota Kruczy ´nska 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):790-794
SummaryGenetic variation between five apple cultivars (‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Gala’, ‘Jonagold’, ‘?ampion’, and ‘Idared’) and ten of their sports (‘Golden Delicious Reinders’, ‘Goldrosio’, ‘Gala Must’, ‘Gala Schniga Schnitzer’, ‘Jonagored’, ‘Jonagold Excel’, ‘Szampion Arno’, ‘Szampion Reno Malinowy’, ‘Idaredest’, and ‘Red Idared’) was investigated using five types of DNA markers: Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR), Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), Sequence-Specific Amplified Polymorphism (S-SAP), and Inter-Primer Binding Site (iPBS) amplification. In total, 941 polymorphic amplified fragments were obtained using 12 ISSR, 12 SSR, ten AFLP, 19 iPBS, and 15 S-SAP primers or primer pairs. Four of the above-described techniques (except for SSRs with the primer pairs used in this study) were able to distinguish between the sports and their parental cultivar. The most effective technique to distinguish between the genotypes analysed was S-SAP, which detects variations in DNA regions flanking retrotransposon insertion sites.The combined use of ISSR,AFLP, iPBS, and S-SAP markers identified and distinguished all of the sports tested. 相似文献
13.
Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) polymorphism in Citrus indica Tanaka (Rutaceae), an endemic and threatened wild species, was examined along with three other closely related wild taxa (C. medica L., C. latipes (Swingle) Tanaka, and C. sp. ‘Memang athur’) by analyzing 53 representative accessions sampled from North-east India. Jaccard's similarity values among 53 accessions of Citrus ranged from 0.46 to 0.97 (average = 0.75). Genetic similarity values among all the 34 accessions of C. indica were found in the range of 0.82 to 0.97 with an average of 0.90. Heterozygosity (Ht = 0.123) and Shannon's information index (I = 0.188) values estimated for C. indica revealed significantly low level of genetic variation within the species. UPGMA dendrogram grouped all 53 accessions of Citrus into four major clusters: Cluster I – C. latipes; Cluster II – C. medica; Cluster III – ‘Memang athur’ and Cluster IV – C. indica. The dendrogram placed all the 34 accessions of C. indica in five sub-clusters under Cluster IV. The placement of C. indica accessions in various sub-clusters and groups in the dendrogram was based on molecular differentiation of individual accessions rather than their geographical origin. Very low genetic diversity and destruction of its natural habitat pose serious threat to C. indica even in the Citrus Gene Sanctuary in Nokrek Biosphere Reserve (NBR) in Meghalaya. Low genetic variability, heterozygosity and Shannon's information index in C. medica, C. latipes and ‘Memang athur’ are also concerns that need to be addressed for developing appropriate strategies to conserve the genetic diversity extant in these valuable genetic resources. 相似文献
14.
Background
To identify plant genes involved in various key traits, QTL mapping is a powerful approach. This approach is based on the use of mapped molecular markers to identify genomic regions controlling quantitative traits followed by a fine mapping and eventually positional cloning of candidate genes. Mapping technologies using SNP markers are still rather expensive and not feasible in every laboratory. In contrast, microsatellite (also called SSR for Simple Sequence Repeat) markers are technologically less demanding and less costly for any laboratory interested in genetic mapping.Results
In this study, we present the development and the characterization of a panel of 96 highly polymorphic SSR markers along the Arabidopsis thaliana genome allowing QTL mapping among accessions of the Versailles 24 core collection that covers a high percentage of the A. thaliana genetic diversity. These markers can be used for any QTL mapping analysis involving any of these accessions. We optimized the use of these markers in order to reveal polymorphism using standard PCR conditions and agarose gel electrophoresis. In addition, we showed that the use of only three of these markers allows differentiating all 24 accessions which makes this set of markers a powerful tool to control accession identity or any cross between any of these accessions.Conclusion
The set of SSR markers developed in this study provides a simple and efficient tool for any laboratory focusing on QTL mapping in A. thaliana and a simple means to control seed stock or crosses between accessions. 相似文献15.
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17.
B. Shiran N. Amirbakhtiar S. Kiani Sh. Mohammadi B.E. Sayed-Tabatabaei H. Moradi 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
RAPDs and SSRs were used to study the genetic diversity of Iranian almond cultivars and their relationship to important foreign cultivars and three related species. Eight unidentified almond Shahrodi cultivars and three wild almonds (Prunus communis, Prunus orientalis and Prunus scoparia) were also included. Of the primers tested, 42 (out of 80) RAPD and 18 (out of 26) SSR primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 664 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 729 bands. The number of presumed alleles revealed by the SSR analysis ranged from 3 to 10 alleles per locus with a mean value of 6.64 alleles per locus. Both techniques discriminated the genotypes very effectively, but only RAPDs were able to discriminate the cultivars Monagha and Sefied. Results demonstrated an extensive genetic variability within the tested cultivars as well as the value of SSR markers developed in peach for characterization of almond and related species of Prunus. Dice similarity coefficient was calculated for all pair wise comparisons and was used to construct a UPGMA dendrogram. For both markers a high similarity in dendrogram topologies was obtained although some differences were observed. All dendrograms, including that obtained by the combined use of both the marker data, depicted the phenetic relationships among the cultivars and species, depending upon their geographic region and/or pedigree information. Almond cultivars clustered with accession of P. communis showing their close relationship. P. orientalis and P. scoparia were clustered out of the rest of P. dulcis. 相似文献
18.
SSR与AFLP标记在甜瓜连锁图谱上的分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用3-2-2×TopMark杂交组合,得到152株重组自交系群体,构建甜瓜分子遗传图谱。该图谱包括71个SSR标记和94个AFLP标记,由17个连锁群构成,覆盖基因组总长度1 222.9 cM,标记之间平均距离为7.41 cM。筛选了428对SSR分子标记（其中360对为EST-SSR引物,68对为g-SSR引物）,得到94对具有多态性的SSR标记,其片段大小在150～300 bp之间,多态性比例占21.29 %;筛选了256对EcorI/MseI AFLP引物组合,得到22对AFLP多态性引物,共含有146个AFLP多态性位点,其片段大小在100～600 bp之间。SSR标记较平均的分布在染色体上,AFLP标记在LG1、LG12及LG14上出现聚集现象。 相似文献
19.
茶树品种资源遗传多样性的AFLP研究 总被引：22，自引：1，他引：22
利用AFLP - 银染分子标记技术, 对40个茶树品种(系) 进行遗传多样性与亲缘关系分析。选用多态性高、分辨力强的引物组合E-ACG/M-AAC、E-AGG/M-AAG与E-AGG/M-AGT分别对供试材料的基因组DNA进行扩增, 共获得226条清晰可辨的带, 其中多态性带207条, 多态位点百分率为91.59% ,这表明供试品种资源在DNA水平上酶切位点的分布存在广泛的变异。40份资源所检出的位点平均有效等位基因数、平均基因多样度、平均Shannon信息指数, 分别为1.59 ±0.09、0.35 ±0.04、0.53 ±0.05。应用SPSS软件计算遗传距离介于0.13～0148之间, 平均为0.32; UPGMA法将40份资源分成4个类群, 从相似性系数分析了各品种资源间的亲缘关系。 相似文献