共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
青花菜衰老过程中叶绿素降解相关基因的表达分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以两个耐贮性不同的青花菜高代自交系‘8554’和‘90196’为试验材料,分析其在贮藏过程中叶绿素含量的变化差异,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术对叶绿素降解相关基因的表达量进行研究。结果表明,在4 ℃贮藏期间,‘8554’和‘90196’的叶绿素含量均呈下降趋势,但耐贮藏材料‘8554’下降缓慢,且始终高于不耐贮材料‘90196’。BoCLH1（叶绿素酶1）的表达量变化在上述两种材料中表现一致,均只在初始时检测到较高表达,后期表达量很低。BoCLH2（叶绿素酶2）的表达量在‘8554’中变化较小,在‘90196’中变化较大,且高于‘8554’。BoPPH（脱镁叶绿素酶）在‘8554’中一直呈下降趋势,而在‘90196’中贮藏14 d时有显著上升过程。BoPaO（脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶）的表达量变化在二者中均有急剧增加的过程,但是在‘8554’中出现急剧增加的时期明显滞后于‘90196’。BoRCCR（红色叶绿素代谢产物还原酶）在‘90196’中于贮藏21 d时出现一个明显的表达高峰,而在‘8554’中未出现。上述结果表明耐贮藏性不同的青花菜叶绿素降解机制不同,其衰老过程中叶绿素含量的变化主要通过BoCLH2、BoPPH、BoPaO以及BoRCCR的表达量变化来调节,BoCLH1主要在青花菜初始衰老中起降解叶绿素的作用。 相似文献
2.
Penta Pristijono Konstantinos Papoutsis Christopher J. Scarlett Michael C. Bowyer Quan V. Vuong Costas E. Stathopoulos 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(5):521-529
Mature green tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Neang Pich) were exposed to 13.6 kJ m?2 UV-C or 0.5 μL L?1 1-MCP or combination of 13.6 kJ m?2 UV-C and 0.5 μL L?1 1-MCP, with appropriate untreated controls. After treatment, tomatoes were stored in air containing 0.1 μL L?1 ethylene at 20°C and 100% RH. The untreated fruit ripened significantly faster than those of all other treatments. UV-C treatment alone was able to delay fruit ripening by up to 5 days longer compared to untreated fruits whilst the additional of 1-MCP further delayed fruit ripening. UV-C and 1-MCP treatments alone or in combination had significantly slower ethylene production rates throughout the storage period. The fruit treated with the combination of 1-MCP and UV-C was significantly firmer and had higher total phenolic content compared to that of the other treatments. However, there was no difference between treatments in soluble solids content/titratable acids ratio, chlorophyll content, lycopene content and total antioxidant activity. These results show that UV-C and 1-MCP treatment delay ripening and improve the quality of tomatoes in the presence of low-level ethylene during storage. This new treatment could be used to extend the shelf-life of mature green tomatoes through the supply chain without the use of refrigeration. 相似文献
3.
A novel postharvest UV-C treatment to reduce chilling injury (membrane damage,browning and chlorophyll degradation) in banana peel 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To investigate the mode of action of UV-C to alleviate CI in banana. Banana [Musa (AAA group), Cavendish subgroup cv. Cavendish] fruits were treated with UV-C at dosages of 0.03 kJ m−2 prior to storage at 8 or 25 °C. UV-C treatment reduced both the incidence and severity of banana fruits stored under low temperature. UV-C treatment reduced membrane damage indicated by lower activity of lipoxygenase (LOX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. In additions, the in vitro polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity was activated when fruits were stored at CI temperature and UV-C treatment could inhibit the PPO activity. UV-C treatment also delayed yellowing and chlorophyll (Chl) degradation due to the inhibition of chlorophyllase and chl-degrading peroxidase activities. Furthermore, the reduction of ethylene production and respiration rate by UV-C treatment results in extended postharvest shelf life of banana. These finding suggest that the loss of cellular compartments in consequence of membrane degradation, combined with the increase of PPO activity, might contribute to the development of CI in banana peel. UV-C treatment may play an important role in maintained membrane integrity and inhibited PPO activity, reducing the severity of CI symptom and delayed ripening in banana. This novel technique may offer an advance in postharvest handling of bananas and other chilling-sensitive commodities in order to reduce postharvest losses resulting from CI. 相似文献
4.
以‘红富士’苹果为试材,研究了采后1–甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）处理对冷藏期间果实硬度,
叶绿素、类胡萝素及花青苷含量变化的影响,并重点研究了花青苷含量变化与其合成相关酶（PAL、CHI、
DFR、UFGT）和降解相关酶PPO、POD 活性变化的关系,结果显示：1-MCP 处理能抑制叶绿素降解及
贮藏前期花青苷的积累,延缓类胡萝素的积累及花青苷的后期降解;贮藏期间花青苷的合成与CHI、DFR
活性不相关,与PAL、UFGT 活性正相关;贮藏期间花青苷降解相关酶PPO、POD 活性都呈现先上升后
下降的趋势,对照的PPO 活性始终高于1-MCP 处理,1-MCP 处理明显抑制贮藏前期果皮POD 活性的上
升及贮藏后期POD 活性的下降。 相似文献
5.
1-MCP处理对采后‘澳洲青苹’苹果叶绿素降解的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】以‘澳洲青苹’苹果为试材,研究1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)对果实采后叶绿素降解代谢的影响,为果实采后贮藏、保鲜及保绿技术提供新的理论基础。【方法】采用1μL·L^-11-MCP处理‘澳洲青苹’苹果果实,定期测定果实色泽、乙烯释放量和呼吸强度,通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对果皮中的叶绿素及其降解代谢产物进行定性定量分析,并采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测叶绿素降解途径中关键基因的表达水平。【结果】1-MCP处理显著延缓‘澳洲青苹’果皮颜色转变,降低乙烯释放量和呼吸强度。1-MCP处理能保持果皮叶绿素a、b含量处于较高水平,并抑制脱镁叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸a的生成。叶绿素降解相关基因MdSGR、MdHCAR、MdPPH和MdNYC1的表达量受到1-MCP的调控,1-MCP抑制基因MdPAO和MdRCCR的表达,推迟叶绿素降解代谢的下游反应;MdPAO表达量与果皮色泽和叶绿素含量显著相关。【结论】1-MCP可调节叶绿素降解途径相关基因表达水平来控制代谢产物的降解和生成,从而延缓果皮叶绿素降解,其中,MdPAO是调控叶绿素降解的关键基因。 相似文献
6.
Heat treatments have been applied in fruit postharvest technology for insect disinfestations, decay control, ripening delay and modification of fruit responses to other stresses. Heat treatment affects several aspects of fruit ripening, such as ethylene production and cell wall degradation probably through changes in gene expression and protein synthesis. In this paper, strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., cv Camarosa) at 50–75% red stage of ripening were heat-treated at 45 °C during 3 h in an air oven and then stored at 20 °C for 0, 4, 18, 24 and 48 h. Fruit firmness was determined and the expression of a set of expansin genes (FaEXP1, FaEXP2, FaEXP4, FaEXP5 and FaEXP6) was analyzed. The firmness of treated fruit was higher than that of control fruit 24 h after treatment, though the differences disappeared after 48 h at 20 °C. The analysis by northern-blot indicated that heat treatments affected differently the expression of expansin genes. The expression of FaEXP1, FaEXP2 and FaEXP6 was lower in treated fruit during the following 24 h post-treatment. The lower expression of these expansin genes could contribute to delay softening after heat treatment. 相似文献
7.
植物衰老叶片与成熟果实中叶绿素的降解 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
最近20年叶绿素代谢途径研究已经得到深入发展,特别是非荧光叶绿素降解物结构的明确开辟了叶绿素代谢途径研究的道路。部分叶绿素代谢酶在叶绿素降解过程中的作用得到了进一步的论证,部分代谢途径得到了更正与完善。叶绿素代谢产物的生理学作用研究报道丰富了叶绿素代谢的生物学意义,其作用不仅是为了避免代谢毒害和叶绿素结合蛋白降解,还可能与衰老叶片和成熟果实的生存能力有关。 相似文献
8.
为了探究枝条颜色变异的原因，以金枝黄花柳回交子代及其亲本为材料，分析子代枝条性状遗传变异规律及性状与基因表达的关系。结果显示，金枝型回交子代枝条表现为黄色到橙色，普通型回交子代枝条表现为墨绿色至棕色，不同单株个体之间存在颜色差异。枝条转录组共检测到差异表达基因2 499个，其中上调基因984个，下调基因1 515个。功能注释和富集分析发现，卟啉与叶绿素代谢通路(KEGG&ko00860)中与色素合成有关的基因表达量存在差异，其中叶绿素/细菌叶绿素a合成酶(2.5.1.133;2.5.1.62)与叶绿素/细菌叶绿素a还原酶(1.3.1.111)基因表达上调，叶绿素酶(3.1.1.14)基因表达下调。基因差异表达会影响代谢通路，进而影响枝条中叶绿素的含量，导致枝条颜色存在差异。 相似文献
9.
Treating the grape with elicitors such as jasmonic, oxalic or salicylic acid can reportedly activate several defense mechanisms, including the accelerated expression of defense genes, enhances in the cell wall composition, and the accumulation of antimicrobial compounds such as phytoalexins. Salicylic acid (SA) and oxalic acid (OA) with or without MAP (Modified Atmosphere Packaging) were tested for their effects on extending storage life of grapes cv. ’Alphonse Lavallée’. After treatments (control, MAP, 5?mM OA, 2?mM SA, SA + MAP, OA + MAP) grapes were stored at 1 °C, 90% R.H. up to 60 days. Overall, all the treatments had significant positive effects on postharvest quality of grapes. SA + MAP was the most effective treatment with the lowest weight loss and decay incidence, the greatest rachis chlorophyll content and berry detachment force at the end of 60?d storage. Effects of SA were also very close to those obtained by the combined treatment. SA alone or SA + MAP treatment may be recommended as an environmental friendly, healthy and sustainable method for extending postharvest quality of grapes up to 60?d, without significant adverse effect on produces. Considering the cost and ease of application, SA alone could be preferred as an effective alternative strategy for traditional chemical treatments. 相似文献
10.
Reducing ethylene levels around produce delays the senescence of fruit and vegetables and therefore has the potential to reduce the need for refrigeration during transport and storage, which would result in substantial energy savings. In this study four non-climacteric green vegetables were stored at 0, 5, 10, and 20°C in an atmosphere containing 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 μL L?1 ethylene. The results showed that the postharvest life, as determined by consumer acceptance criteria of yellowing for pak choi and broccoli, leaf abscission for mint, and pod softening and chilling injury for green bean, increased as the temperature and ethylene concentration decreased. Regression equations generated from the storage data allowed for the calculation of the temperature and ethylene levels required for any nominated postharvest life. Using a 14-day postharvest life as an example, storage in ethylene at 0.001 μL L?1 would allow a storage temperature of about 10°C for pak choi, broccoli, and mint and about 18°C for green bean, temperatures well above the current recommendations of 0 to 5°C. 相似文献
11.
选用菜豆金黄色豆荚品种‘A18’和绿色豆荚品种‘热那亚’为试验材料,通过测定豆荚发育过程中荚壁的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素合成途径中相关代谢物质含量,探讨菜豆金黄荚色的形成机理。结果表明,嫩荚呈现金黄色是由于叶绿素缺乏,推测是因为叶绿素酸酯a(chlorophyllide a)的合成受阻导致;利用荧光定量PCR对叶绿素生物合成相关基因的表达进行分析,发现在‘A18’中CHLM和DVR的表达量从花后12 d开始下降,但CHLP、CHLG和CAO的表达量在多个时间点高于‘热那亚’,这说明虽然叶绿素酸酯a合成受阻,但叶绿素的合成仍然能进行。 相似文献
12.
细胞分裂素类生长调节剂对青花菜采后衰老的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以青花菜‘绿皇后’品种为试材, 研究了25 ℃条件下细胞分裂素类生长调节剂KT、6-BA和
CPPU对延缓青花菜采后衰老的效果。结果表明: 3种细胞分裂素类生长调节剂处理均在不同程度上延缓了青花菜花蕾黄化和叶绿素分解, 推迟了呼吸和乙烯跃变峰出现的时间, 降低了峰值, 并维持了细胞膜稳定性。内源激素测定结果表明, 6-BA和CPPU处理使青花菜花蕾在试验的前期阶段(12～84 h) 一直保持相对较高的内源IAA和GA水平, 相对较低的内源ABA水平。3种细胞分裂素类生长调节剂以CPPU延缓青花菜衰老效果最为明显, 其次是6-BA, KT效果最弱。延缓青花菜采后衰老效果随着处理的浓度增加而增加, 以40 mg·L-1 CPPU延缓青花菜衰老效果最佳。 相似文献
13.
构成青花菜花球的花蕾和花茎具有明显不同的衰老进程。通过比较两者在衰老进程中呼吸速率及某些有机物代谢的变化，表明衰老快的花蕾具有高的呼吸速率，在形态衰老转捩期前出现呼吸跃变，叶绿素、还原糖和总糖、蛋白质、维生素Ｃ等含量迅速下降，游离氨基酸迅速增加，衰老慢的花茎上述物质分解代谢强度和呼吸速率明显低于花蕾。分解代谢的强弱是决定器官衰老速率的重要生理因素，花蕾中高Ｖｃ含量不能延缓其衰老进程。 相似文献
14.
为了探究枣黄化根蘖苗的成因,对其黄化根蘖苗、正常根蘖苗和母株之间的形态学指标、叶绿素及矿质元素含量和相关基因表达水平进行了分析。结果表明,与正常植株比,黄化根蘖苗形态学指标没有明显变化,但叶绿素含量及叶绿素a/b比值显著降低,矿质元素N、P、K、Mn、Cu、Zn、Fe含量显著增高,但Ca和Mg差异不显著。同时,AFLP分析表明,黄化根蘖苗与正常植株在基因组水平没出现显著差异;但cDNA-AFLP和RT-PCR分析表明在转录水平上,黄化根蘖苗中酰基转移酶基因表达增加,Ty3-gypsy反转录转座子基因和GAGA结合转录激活因子基因表达降低。综合分析认为,枣根蘖苗的黄化可能是与叶绿素合成转录相关的反转录转座子和GAGA结合转录激活因子基因表达降低,影响了叶绿素合成,使植株最终表现黄化;同时黄化植株中与光呼吸相关的一些基因,如酰基转移酶基因表达相应增加以适应这种逆境胁迫,说明这些基因间存在着相互适应的调控网络。 相似文献
15.
氮钾营养对青花菜生长,花球产量与光合生理的影响 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：14
高氮低钾处理的青花菜植株生长最好，花球产量最高；低氮低钾、低氮高钾和高氮高钾处理均较低。高氮低钾处理比其他处理的叶片叶绿素与氮含量高，糖含量居中。钾素水平相同时，高氮能提高核酮糖－１，５－二磷酸羧化酶／加氧酶羧化活性；而在氮素水平相同时，高钾则降低ＲｕｂｉｓＣＯ羧化活性，提高ＲｕｂｉｓＣＯ加氧活性。低钾时高氮降低ＲｕｂｉｓＣＯ加氧活性；高钾时高氮则提高ＲｕｂｉｓＣＯ加氧活性。ＲｕｂｉｓＣＯ羧化活性 相似文献
16.
Ariel Vicente Bernardo Repice Gustavo Martínez Alicia Chaves Pedro Civello 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):246-251
SummaryMature boysenberries (Rubus hybrid) were harvested, heat-treated (45°C for 1 or 3 h or 47°C for 1 h) or exposed to UV-C light (2.3, 4.6 or 9.2 kJ m–2), and stored at 20°C for 2 d. Fruit treated with 9.2 kJ m–2 or 45°C for 1 h showed less damaged drupelets per fruit and/or remained firmer than untreated fruit after 2 d. Those treatments were selected for further analyses. In another experiment, boysenberries were either UV-C (9.2 kJ m–2) or heat-treated (45°C for 1 h) and stored either at 20°C for 1 d or at 0°C for 4 d before transfer to 20°C for 1 d. Both UV-C and heat treatments reduced softening and/or fruit damage. Treated fruit had lower respiration rates and anthocyanin leakage than control fruit suggesting greater tissue integrity. Titratable acidity, pH, total sugar content and antioxidant activity in treated fruit showed fewer changes than in control fruit when stored at 20°C for 1 d. Results suggest that heat or UV-C treatment, alone or in combination with refrigerated storage, may be a useful non-chemical mean of maintaining boysenberry fruit quality and extending postharvest life. 相似文献
17.
利用不同浓度的茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）对葡萄组培植株进行处理,进而分析其生理及基因表达变化,结果表明MeJA能抑制植株不定根的分化和伸长,诱导根、茎、叶组织中的脱落酸（ABA）含量升高,但降低赤霉素（GA）、生长素（IAA）和细胞分裂素（ZR）的含量,且影响叶片中叶绿素代谢导致褪绿黄化。MeJA能诱导植物体内茉莉酸合成代谢基因表达进而提高内源茉莉酸的含量,诱导ABA合成代谢和信号路径中的基因表达,但是会抑制生长素、赤霉素、细胞分裂素、油菜素内酯合成代谢基因的表达,抑制了与根发育和延伸相关基因VvXET、VvEXPB2、VvEXPA7和VvWUS的表达,进而抑制不定根的发生,导致植物发育缓慢。因此,MeJA通过影响其他激素的合成代谢来调控它们在植物中的含量,导致内源激素不平衡影响植株发育,并调控植株根的发育状态,在不定根发育方面起负向调控作用。 相似文献
18.
1-甲基环丙烯对高温下香蕉果实后熟的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以香蕉果实为试材,研究了1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)对高温逆境下香蕉果实后熟生理的影响。结果表明:35℃高温下贮藏的香蕉果实出现了明显的青皮熟现象,而0.5μL/L的1-MCP处理24h后可显著抑制高温下贮藏果实硬度的降低,延缓果皮细胞膜透性的升高,同时有效地延迟了果肉中淀粉酶活性升高、淀粉含量下降及可溶性糖含量上升。1-MCP处理果实于35℃下贮藏9d后移入20℃环境,进一步延缓了这些后熟生理变化。1-MCP和高温均抑制了果皮叶绿素含量下降,因此1-MCP处理减轻了香蕉热害的程度,延长了果实在高温下的贮藏寿命。 相似文献
19.
气调指标对冬枣果实呼吸、相对电导率、叶绿素含量及果皮色泽的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为进一步探讨气调贮藏对冬枣贮藏质量的影响,研究了冬枣果实在低温(-1～-2℃)条件下,8个不同体积分数的气体成分(15%O2+0%CO2、10%O2+0%CO2、5%O2+0%CO2、2%O2+0%CO2、2%O2+2%CO2、2%O2+4%CO2、2%O2+8%CO2、2%O2+10%CO2)和1个对照(21%O2+0%CO2)处理对冬枣果实呼吸、组织相对电导率、叶绿素含量及果皮色泽的影响。结果表明:适当的低O2可降低枣果的呼吸强度、减慢组织相对电导率的升高、延缓枣果叶绿素的降解、延迟果皮转红;而贮藏环境中的CO2则会促进果实呼吸、导致组织相对电导率升高、促进叶绿素的降解和果皮的转红。2%O2+0%CO2的气体条件对冬枣贮藏最为有利。 相似文献