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1.
冬、夏两季对双峰驼进行了禁水１５ｄ试验，于禁水前后及暴饮后检测其血浆葡萄糖及血清中脂类含量的变化，结果表明，冬季血糖呈曲线变化；血脂含量于禁水后极显著升高，第１５ｄ时血清总脂，总胆固醇、甘油三酯分别上升了６１％，４９．５％和２６４％，暴饮后迅速下降，４－７ｄ恢复到正常水平。夏季血糖、总脂、总胆固醇正常值均显著低于冬季；禁水３ｄ后恰逢阴雨连绵，使禁水不完全，此时血糖含量升高；血清总脂、总胆固醇含量第 相似文献
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选用１０头健康、未断奶、日龄和体重相近的黑白花公犊牛，采用试验前后自身对照比较，每日自饮１：３的掺奶水２次，进行为期８ｄ的水中毒人工诱病试验。结果全部供试牛均在首次自饮奶水后即开始显现速度不等的水中毒症状，其中２头至第８ｄ排血红蛋白尿，血Ｎａ＾＋，Ｋ＾＋，ＣＯ２结合力，Ｈｂ，ＰＶＣ，ＲＢＣ，ＷＢＣ以及尿比重，尿ＰＨ等血尿检测指标有差异显著的改变，ＷＢＣ分类计数亦有明显改变，试验表明，犊牛水中毒不但 相似文献
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氯化钠对热应激肉仔鸡耐热性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选用２日龄ＡＡ肉仔鸡,采用完全随机试验设计,试验组在热应激期分别在饮水中添加０．１５,０．２％和０．３％的ＮａＣｌ溶液,试验结束测定试验各组肉仔鸡体温,血液ＰＨ,血浆Ｋ,Ｎａ,Ｃｌ含量,水消耗,采食量和体增重等项目。 相似文献
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２４头健康、３～４岁、体重１００～１２０ｋｇ的锯茸期梅花鹿随机分为两组，分别用木笼绳索保定法（Ａ组，ｎ＝１２）和药物保定法（Ｂ组，ｎ＝１２）进行锯茸。对血浆皮质醇含量及部分血液生化值的改变进行了测定。试验结果，Ａ组锯茸后血浆皮质醇和血糖含量较试验前呈突发性升高，然后逐渐下降，两者的改变呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９４），１～９日内各次测定值间及与Ｂ组间差异均极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；血浆ＣＯ２ｃｐ值锯茸后３～５日内呈明显下降；血Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｃａ＋值均呈上升势态，１～７日内各次测定值间及与Ｂ组间均有极显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ｂ组锯茸前后各项指标各次测定值间差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。 相似文献
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禁食禁水长途运输和运输后恢复对肉牛血液指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究我国典型的禁食禁水长途运输和运输后恢复对肉牛血液指标的影响,以期为建立符合我国国情的运输动物保护法规、改进运输车辆提供数据和理论依据。采用自身配对试验设计,分别在运输前、卸车后0h和卸车后72h同期采集10头体质量（312．6±11．6）kg的西门塔尔杂交母牛颈静脉血,进行血液激素指标、生化指标、血常规指标和离子指标检测。结果表明,卸车后0h血清T3、T4和AST显著升高,GH、ALP、MCV、Ca^2＋和Mg^2＋显著降低,COR、ALT、TP、ALB、GLU、LDH、CK、WBC、RBC、HGB、HCT、K^＋、BASO％、Na^＋和Cl^-无显著变化。卸车后72h血清T4、GH、AST、Ca^2＋和Mg^2＋恢复到运输前水平,TP和LDH显著低于卸车后0h,但与运输前差异不显著,MONO％和EO％与运输前差异不显著,T3和ALP与卸车后0h差异不显著,与运输前差异显著,COR、ALT、ALB、GLU、MCV、NEUT％、BASO％、Na^＋和Cl^-显著低于卸车后0h和运输前水平,LYMPH％显著高于运输前水平。结果提示,禁食禁水长途运输条件下,动物代谢水平升高、肝脏受损、离子平衡失调、脱水,免疫机能未受明显损害。运输后恢复72h,动物未得到完全恢复。该研究可为建立符合我国国情的运输动物保护法规、改进运输车辆提供数据和理论依据。 相似文献
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本试验观察了商品猪在运输性应激时，其血液生理生化指数的变化情况，结果表明：（１）在血液ｐＨ值指数方面：运输前为７．３８，运输后为６．９８，平均下降５．４２％。（２）在血液常规指数方面：运输后比运输前红细胞增加１６．２％，白细胞减少１６．６７％；在白细胞分类比值中，淋巴细胞和嗜酸性白细胞分别减少１４．０２％和３３．３３％、差异十分显著。（３）在血液电解液浓度方面：血清中钾、钙、磷和血糖，运输后比运输前分别增加４６．９２％、４１．１７％、２２％和３１．５７％，差异十分显著；血清钠离子浓度的变化不明显。（４）在血液酶指数方面：ＧＯＴ、ＧＰＴ、ＡＫＰ和ＣＰＫ，运输后比运输前分别增加４３．１０％、３８．６３％、５０％和２６．０４％，差异十分显著。 相似文献
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本实验在山羊饲喂棉饼日粮时，分别添加２％、４％、６％棉饼量的ＮａＣｌ，以探讨添加ＮａＣｌ对饲喂棉饼所致的磷酸钾镁尿沉渣生成作用的影响。结果表明，添加ＮａＣｌ后，磷酸钾镁尿沉渣生成量明显减少。其机理为：１．添加ＮａＣｌ后，能使饮水量、尿量增加，尿液ｐＨ值降低，从而减少尿液中磷酸钾镁的析出。２．添加ＮａＣｌ后能降低血清醛固酮含量，导致尿钾浓度降低，从而降低了磷酸钾镁生成的速率。本实验还对比了三种ＮａＣ 相似文献
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选择６头健康、２～３岁、体重３００～４００ｋｇ雄性水牛,研究了睾丸摘除对血像和某些免疫功能指标的影响。结果表明：睾丸摘除后ＲＢＣ、ＰＣＶ、Ｈｂ、ＲＣＣ虽与摘除前比较有不同程度的变化,但差异均不显著;ＷＢＣ在睾丸摘除后１５ｄ内呈明显下降趋势,ＤＣ中的嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和单核细胞（％）在摘除后１～４ｄ内降低或显著降低,而嗜中性粒细胞则显著升高,嗜碱性粒细胞摘除前后无明显变化;ＲＢＣ－ＣＲ１花环率和Ｂ－淋巴细胞（％）在摘除后１５ｄ内明显低于摘除前水平,ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率在摘除后第５天明显下降,以后又逐渐回升到摘除前水平,Ｔ－淋巴细胞变化与Ｂ－淋巴细胞相反;血清总蛋白（ＴＰ）、白蛋白（Ａ）分别在摘除２ｄ后和头２ｄ显著下降,以后ＴＰ在低水平上变动,而Ａ略有回升,球蛋白（Ｇ）、β－Ｇ和γ－Ｇ在摘除后头２ｄ内均明显升高,以后变化与摘除前水平比较差异不显著,α－Ｇ在摘除前后无明显变化。 相似文献
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绵羊铅镉联合中毒的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了白银矿区周围绵羊以消瘦和贫血为主要特征的疾病。通过检测食物链系统及绵羊全血、被毛和组织器官中１３种矿物元素（Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｆ、Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ａｌ、Ｃａ、Ｐ）的含量，分析血液生理生化指标的变化，揭示出现地牧草中Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ的含量高，分别为（１１１．２±９８．４）μｇ／ｇ和（１２．０±１．２）μｇ／ｇ；动物体内的Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ沉积量亦极显著高于允许值（Ｐ＜０．０１）；动物呈低色素小细胞性贫血，血清ＬＤＨ、ＡＬＴ活性和Ｔ３含量显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清蛋白含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），以及实质器官变性、坏死，肾小管上皮细胞核包涵体等病理学特点。确认该病系工业环境污染所致的绵羊铅镉联合中毒 相似文献
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J. Kinne N. A. Wani U. Wernery J. Peters C. Knospe 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2010,39(5):479-480
It has been postulated that the one‐humped (Arabian) dromedary and the two‐humped (Bactrian) camel originated from a single ancestor. Consequently, the dromedary was considered a breed of the two‐humped camel, based on an anatomical study by Lombardini L, 1879: Ann. Del. Universita Toscane, 259 , 147, who described a reduced second hump like structure in foetal and adult dromedaries. To resolve this lingering issue, we analysed dromedary foetuses and calves. In contrast to the situation in two‐humped camels, we never observed any rudimentary second hump in the dromedary foetuses or calves. 相似文献
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H. J. W. M. Cremers 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3):198-199
Summary The feet of three two‐humped camels (Camelus bactrianus), one lama (Lama glama) and four alpacas (Lama pacos) from zoos and a circus in the Netherlands were examined for the mange‐mite Choroptes bovis. Mites were found on two of the camels, the lama, and three of the alpacas. On one camel and one alpaca small mange lesions on the feet were present. This is the first report of Chorioptes bovis and chorioptic mange in the two‐humped camel. 相似文献
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应用体视学方法 ,观测了双峰驼肾小体的光镜结构与电镜结构 ,求出相应参数 ,并与黄牛进行比较。结果表明 ,双峰驼肾小体的体积与黄牛差异不显著 ,但肾血管球毛细血管线密度、体密度、平均长度和平均体积明显小于黄牛 ,而且双峰驼肾血管球毛细血管基膜也明显比黄牛的厚。表明双峰驼肾血管球毛细血管较稀疏 ,总长度较短 ,过滤膜的基膜层较厚。这些结构特征与双峰驼血管球低滤过率的机能特性相适应 相似文献
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内蒙古阿拉善盟双峰驼驼乳理化性质研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了10峰内蒙古阿拉善盟双峰驼不同泌乳时间驼乳的一般理化性质。其比重及pH值与已有报道的单峰驼驼乳结果基本一致,而酸度(%)高于单峰驼。电导率与乳中Na+、K+和Cl-含量之和有关,随三者之和的增减而增减。驼乳的蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖、干物质、灰分和钙的含量均高于牛乳,磷的含量比牛乳略低。驼乳的缓冲性与牛乳有差异:当乳样先酸化后用碱回滴时,驼乳和牛乳分别在pH4.4～6.6和pH5.0～6.6范围内出现典型的“弧形线”,驼乳的最大缓冲作用发生在pH近似4.4处,牛乳的最大缓冲作用在pH近似5.1处,但驼乳在pH4.9处仍有一个缓冲峰。双峰驼驼乳的酒精稳定性(75±2.0)%稍低于牛乳的酒精稳定性(77±1.0)%,驼乳与牛乳的酒精稳定性的变化趋势基本一致,加入Na+、K+都引起酒精稳定性降低,游离Ca2+浓度的降低或pH值的上升都会导致酒精稳定性的增加。 相似文献
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外源2，4-表油菜素内酯对NaCl胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗光合特性及离子吸收、运输和分配的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确外源2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-epibrassinolide,EBR)诱导紫花苜蓿幼苗抗盐性的效果及其可能的生理调节机制,采用营养液水培法,以紫花苜蓿品种‘中苜3号’和‘陇中苜蓿’为材料,研究NaCl胁迫下施用外源EBR对紫花苜蓿幼苗光合色素含量、气体交换参数及离子吸收、运输和分配的影响。结果表明,1)150mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,苜蓿幼苗叶片的光合色素含量显著降低,光合能力及地上、地下生物量显著下降,苜蓿幼苗体内无机离子的吸收、运输和分配等代谢过程失调。2)NaCl胁迫下,施用0.1μmol/L外源EBR后,苜蓿幼苗叶片的Chla、Chlb、Chla+b、Chlx·c含量及Chla/Chlb显著提高,Chl/Car显著降低,Pn、Tr、Gs、WUE均显著提高,光合能力增强,促进了地上、地下生物量的积累。苜蓿幼苗不同器官(叶片、茎秆、根系)中的Na~+、Cl~-含量及Cl~-/Na~+显著下降,K~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)含量及K~+/Na~+、Ca~(2+)/Na~+、Mg~(2+)/Na~+显著升高,体内无机离子的运输比及阳离子的运输选择性比率得到有效调控。3)说明外源EBR能够有效缓解盐胁迫对苜蓿幼苗造成的光抑制,增强有机物的合成和积累,促进对无机离子的选择性吸收和运输,维持体内的离子代谢平衡,提高苜蓿幼苗的耐盐性。 相似文献
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Antipyrine disposition in the dehydrated camel 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Z. BEN-ZVI M. RUBIN C. VAN CREVELD R. YAGIL 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1995,18(2):137-140
In the present study the effects of water deprivation in the camel ( Camelus dromedarius ) on the pharmacokinetic profile of antipyrine were assessed. A crossover design was used. The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine in adult and young camels were compared. Antipyrine was administered intravenously to young and adult female camels when water was available ad libitum and to the adult camels after 14 days of dehydration. The elimination half-life of antipyrine in watered adult camels was 136.5 ± 16.7 min. The half-life of elimination and the mean residence time of antipyrine were significantly prolonged following dehydration. The observed effects of water deprivation were not a function of age, as the pharmacokinetic profile of antipyrine in young camels was similar to that of the adults, but more likely due to the changes in oxidative metabolic capacity of the liver as a result of a reduced general metabolism. The results of the present study also show that the intrinsic clearance of antipyrine is proportional to the camel's body weight, as previously shown for other mammalian species. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究骆驼尿液对预防四氯化碳(CCl_4)诱导小鼠肝损伤的保护作用。将40只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,骆驼尿液低剂量组(170 mg/kg)、中剂量组(340 mg/kg)和高剂量组(500 mg/kg),3组骆驼尿液组灌胃相应剂量的骆驼尿液,正常组和模型组灌胃等量的生理盐水,每日灌胃1次,连续14 d;试验末期,除正常组外(橄榄油),各组小鼠腹腔注射20%CCl_4橄榄油混合溶液,建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型;12 h后摘眼球取血和采集肝脏样本,并记录肝脏重量,计算肝脏指数;测定小鼠血清相关指标,并进行肝脏组织病理切片检查。结果显示,与模型组比较,低、中、高剂量骆驼尿液组小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性及总胆红素(TBIL)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量较模型组均明显降低,白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)含量升高,且高剂量组效果较好;而小鼠肝脏病理学切片观察显示,骆驼尿液组均有不同程度的改善,其中高剂量骆驼尿液组小鼠肝脏组织病理学损伤明显减轻,与正常组的肝脏组织形态接近。比较低、中、高3种浓度骆驼尿液处理发现,浓度越高治疗效果越好,说明骆驼尿液治疗效果具有剂量依赖性。综上所述,骆驼尿液对CCl_4诱导小鼠肝损伤具有一定的预防保护作用,且高剂量骆驼尿液组的效果较好。 相似文献
18.
为了探究重链抗体在骆驼免疫保护中的生物学作用,本研究利用Protein G和Protein A亲和层析纯化新疆双峰驼血清中总IgG和重链抗体IgG2,并免疫昆明小白鼠制备抗双峰驼总IgG和抗双峰驼重链抗体IgG2的多抗血清;通过ELISA检测双峰驼在体液免疫应答过程中针对spaA-N、溶菌酶和蒜氨酸酶3种抗原的重链抗体的滴度变化。结果从新疆双峰驼血清中亲和层析纯化出天然重链抗体IgG2,蛋白质分子质量约为46 ku;免疫昆明小白鼠后获得抗双峰驼总IgG多抗血清的效价为1∶204800,抗双峰驼重链抗体IgG2多抗血清的效价为1∶6400。在spaA-N免疫骆驼诱导的体液免疫应答过程中,重链抗体IgG2出现延迟反应。3种蛋白均能诱导抗原特异的IgG2亚类重链抗体的产生。 相似文献
19.
Long‐distance transportation has negative impacts on production and health in cattle. Feed and water are routinely deprived from cattle during transportation. We investigated whether niacin supplementation could improve niacin nutrition and mitigate the adverse effect of transportation with feed and water deprivation in steer calves. We also studied the adverse effect of feed and water deprivation in nontransported steer calves. Twelve calves were assigned to feed and water deprivation for 2 days, or full access to feed and water in experiment 1. Ten calves were assigned to 2‐day transportation with feed and water deprivation, or the transportation with feed and water deprivation, but with supplementation of rumen‐protected niacin at 100 g/day per head in experiment 2. Bodyweight was measured and blood was collected for 32 days in each experiment. Feed and water deprivation temporarily decreased serum glucose concentrations and bodyweight gain. Transportation with deprivation of feed and water caused a temporal decrease in bodyweight gain and serum albumin concentration, and a continuous decrease in serum glucose and total cholesterol concentrations, which was suppressed by niacin supplementation. Niacin supplementation increased blood niacin concentration. These results suggest that niacin supplementation mitigates adverse effects of transportation with feed and water deprivation in steer calves. 相似文献
20.
Kassab A 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2012,41(1):7-11
The ultrasonographic appearance and measurements of the normal buffalo and camel eye globes were described in 60 buffaloes (Bos bubalis) aged 1?year (28 eyes) and 10?years (32 eyes), and in 51 humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) aged 1?year (26 eyes) and 10?years (24 eyes). Ocular measurements were recorded by A- and B-scan ultrasonographic examination of 40 buffalo eyes (18 young and 22 adult eyes) and 34 camel eyes (14 young and 20 adult eyes) using a KANGH ultrasound scanner equipped with 10?MHz probe. For gross measurements, 20 buffalo and 16 camel eye globes were frozen and dissected and the same measurements were made using fine callipers macroscopically. The aqueous and vitreous humour of the buffalo and camel eyes appeared anechoic. The cornea, anterior and posterior lens capsule and iris appeared hyperechoic. The ocular measurements for the axial length, vitreous chamber depth (VCD), corneal thickness, lens thickness and scleroretinal rim thickness increase with the advance of age in both buffaloes and camels. Except for the anterior chamber depth, VCD and lens thickness, which were larger in adult camels than in adult buffaloes, no other differences between ocular dimensions were observed in both species. The results of this study are valuable for comparative ocular anatomy and will be useful for ultrasonographic evaluation of ocular diseases in buffaloes and camels. 相似文献