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1.
畜禽毛霉病主要病原真菌形态及生化特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验对国内首次从乳牛皱胃毛霉病病灶中分离的微小根毛霉 ( Rhizomucor pusillus)、足样根霉 ( Rhizo-pusrhizodiform)和伞枝犁头霉 ( Absidia corymbifera)的形态、生化特性、致病力及药敏试验进行了研究。结果表明 ,3种真菌与自然界 (如饲料等 )所获得的同种菌 ,其菌落与菌丝体结构的形态特征无显著差异 ,仅微小根毛霉的假根较罕见。 3种真菌在 3 7℃生长良好 ,在兔肾组织中用扫描电镜可观察到由菌丝裂殖而形成的形状各异的膨大细胞。 3种真菌的生化反应各有不同 ,可作为菌种鉴定的依据。 3种真菌实验感染家兔、豚鼠、小鼠、雏鸡、猪、羊均显示强烈的致死性和典型的病理变化 ,在组织切片中用光学显微镜可观察到菌丝侵透血管壁现象 ,显示致病力很强。采用中西医结合治疗畜禽毛霉病 ,疗效显著 相似文献
2.
为查明发生于宁夏盐池、灵武一带马尾动物“黄肝病”和“黄染病”的病因，用病区的霉草和从霉草中分离的杂色曲霉和构巢曲霉的产毒培养物以及从产毒培养物中提取的粗毒素分别饲喂小白鼠、羊、骡等引起中毒、死亡，其临床表现和病理变化与自然病例基本一致。 相似文献
3.
雏鸡肺犁头霉菌病的病原分离与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
雏鸡肺犁头霉菌病的病原分离与鉴定图布丹扎布（内蒙古农牧学院，呼和浩特０１００１８）付改华刘二满景建国田有明杨永林（内蒙古伊盟达拉特旗兽医站）某镇一养鸡专业户的９７３只１２日龄雏鸡突然发生以呼吸困难为主要症状的疾病，发病率达２１．１７％，２周内共死亡１... 相似文献
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1978年于西安市第二奶牛场,解剖36例患出血性胃肠炎与胃溃疡的病例中,发现5例皱胃毛霉菌病的典型病灶。这些病例中还伴有念珠菌感染与曲霉菌毒素中毒。病牛主要呈现顽固性、黑色粘液性腹泻,10余天后死亡。也有表现分娩衰弱,急性坏死性子宫内膜炎和化脓坏死性乳房炎等变化。患皱胃毛霉菌病的乳牛,显示三种类型的病理变化。即急性早期阶段,坏死病变以循环障碍为主;亚急性中期阶段,呈凝固性坏死与梗塞;慢性晚期阶段,病理变化与肉芽肿类似。乳牛毛霉菌病的病原为微小根毛霉、伞枝犁头霉和足样根霉。三种菌各以1～3千万个孢囊孢子耳静脉注射家兔,腹腔注射豚鼠。结果三种菌致家兔于1～4日内死亡,豚鼠于3～7日内死亡。作者认为,毛霉菌病的致病真菌在饲料及乳牛体严重侵染,是本病的直接病因,而过多饲喂精饲料造成瘤胃酸中毒和长期使用抗生素药物,是该场乳牛皱胃毛霉病的诱发因素。 相似文献
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雏鸡的饲养管理是一项细致而重要的工作。该工作的成败不仅影响雏鸡的生长发育，而且还影响以后成年鸡的产蛋性能和种用价值，与鸡场经营效益有密切的关系。而育雏温度是培育雏鸡的首要条件，如何给雏鸡创造一个温度适宜的生长环境呢？笔者结合平养育雏方式中使用半自动电热保温伞的经验浅谈这方面的技术要点。使用半自动电热保温伞的好处有三点：⑴温度便于控制，无不良废气、废物产生，能创造一个良好的雏鸡生长环境。⑵雏鸡育成成活率高，一般可达到９６％。⑶可节省劳动强度，减少投入，提高经济效益。１使用半自动电热保温伞的辅助设施… 相似文献
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2005年8月，我站就接诊了一起蛋雏鸡混合型鸡痘和败血霉形体及大肠杆菌病混合感染的病例，经采取综合性治疗措施后，鸡群逐渐恢复了健康，但由于在来我站就诊前长时间误诊，最后共死亡和淘汰雏鸡500余只，给养殖户造成了较大的经济损失。因上述3种疾病混合发生在饲养中比较少见，同时其发病原因在养殖户中也颇具代表性，所以笔者特将本次病例的发病及诊治情况报告如下，供广大养殖户参考。 相似文献
8.
1易感动物
鸡霉形体的宿主范围大,鸡、雏鸡、珍珠鸡等10多种禽类均可感染。自然感染主要发生于火鸡,传染源是正在发病或隐性感染的鸡、火鸡或其他禽类。鸡霉形体与其他传染性病原因子有协同作用, 相似文献
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鸡毒霉形体是鸡慢性呼吸道病的病原,该病的发生和发展受恶劣环境等诱因的影响,在临床中慢性呼吸道病常与鸡传染性支气管炎、喉气管炎和大肠杆菌病混合发生,使病情加重,发展迅速,尤其是雏鸡更为明显,给养鸡业带来严重危害。本人现将在临床中鸡毒霉形体与大肠杆菌混合感染的诊治病例报告如下。 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
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Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664