共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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选取广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区的高山矮林、高山杜鹃林、水青冈林、木荷林、杉木林和毛竹林6种典型森林景观,运用层次分析法(AHP法)进行美学评价。结果表明:在猫儿山典型森林景观美学评价指标体系中,生态价值占主要地位,其次是美学价值;现代森林景观美学更注重森林景观自身的生态价值,传统审美观已经改变;6种森林景观中,高山矮林由于其强大的生态价值,综合评价分值最高,处于美学极佳等级,而其它5种典型森林景观都处于优美等级;植物物种多样性和原始森林风貌是影响猫儿山森林景观美学评价的重要景观要素,毛竹林和高山杜鹃林是猫儿山后期旅游开发的重点。该研究旨在深入认识猫儿山自然保护区森林景观美学价值,探讨不同类型森林景观美学价值的主要影响因子,以期为猫儿山生态旅游的深层次开发提供理论依据。 相似文献
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美景度评价在森林景观美学评估中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在归纳总结国内外美景度评价研究进展的基础上,对美景度评价相关概念内涵进行探讨,初步概括了森林景观美学评价中美景度评价法的产生和发展历程,分析并总结了美景度评价法的应用现状及优劣势。该方法具有科学性、广泛性、精确性和实用性等优点;同时也具有量化程度不是很高、可靠性略显逊色、计算不是最简等不足。最后提出了未来美景度评价在发展中面临的挑战并展望其发展前景,预测该方法将在以下方面有所发展:1)评价人工化的对象;2)考虑各方面的综合影响;3)建立动态的评价模型;4)增强应用的灵活性和可靠性。希望能引起从事环境影响评价、环境质量评价、森林公园管理、园林造景及景区规划等领域工作者的一些思考,进而推动景观美学评价的理论和实践研究。 相似文献
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自然教育场域作为自然教育体系的重要载体,是开展自然教育活动的重要组成部分。而景观作为场地中重要的构成要素,是提高景观效果,也是展现自然教育资源、提升自然教育体验的有效途径。通过资料查阅,总结了我国自然教育场域的现状、景观美学评价的方法以及应用,梳理了能实践运用的方法以及实验步骤,并提出在今后的研究中通过开展调研及评价分析、针对性提出改进建议、符合长沙本地乡土特征的自然教育场域景观美学评价体系,以期为自然教育的发展和基于自然教育场域的景观美学评价体系构建提供更加科学、合理的意见与建议。 相似文献
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以天津园林创意实践基地为研究对象,选取20个植物景观单元。从生态功能、美学功能和服务功能3方面,选择对景观影响较大的评价因子,建立合理的AHP评价体系,得出其综合排序,通过对植物景观的分析与研究,探讨植物景观的设计原则与配置模式。 相似文献
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基于景观生态学、森林美学及园林艺术的基础理论,通过大量文献研究,从生境、画境、意境3个层面探索城市森林营建策略。结合看丹村留白增绿项目的设计实践,总结景观游憩型城市森林植物景观设计的方法 相似文献
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从平面空间理论尝试构建景观视觉评价体系，利用GIS空间分析技术和层次分析法（AHP），结合遥感影像图、地形图及DEM数据，选取视点可见度、视线连续度、视域面积比、相对距离敏感度、视觉机率敏感度、醒目程度敏感度6个指标，对滨湖国家森林公园进行景观视觉定量评价，并对评价结果进行等值区间划分。结果表明，（1）基于平面空间理论的森林生态公园景观视觉评价主要受相对距离敏感度、视觉几率敏感度和视线连续度的影响。（2）滨湖国家森林公园的景观视觉评价结果较好，一级、二级、三级、四级视觉区景观分别占到研究区景观总数的31.25%、50%、12.5%、6.25%。根据评价结果提出策略：分级保护，有序开发；因地制宜，丰富路线；提倡特异性，兼顾均好性。以期能为森林、湿地等生态类公园的规划指导和景观设计提供重要建议。 相似文献
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Construction of Chinese country parks has been developing quickly in recent years, but less effort has been made in the field of esthetic quantitative evaluation of landscape of the country parks. Based on the theories of landscape esthetics and psychology, this paper constructs a landscape quality evaluation model for the country parks by means of SBE and SD methods, with which the authors of the paper carried out the research on and evaluation of the landscape quality of four selected country parks outside the Fifth Ring Road in Beijing. The purpose of this paper is to further put forward suggestions for a better development of the landscape of the four country parks in order to bring their landscape and recreation functions into full play. The findings of this paper indicate that both natural and artificial landscape characteristics exercise either positive or negative influences on landscape quality; among them the effect of vitality, color richness, senses of both joy and beauty are the key elements affecting the attraction of the country park's landscape. Country parks boast with special significance because of their localism, naturalness and tranquility. These advantages are fully shown in their sufficient space for waterscape construction and conspicuous effect on landscape as reflected from the green belts previously constructed. Nevertheless, three major problems existed in the country parks including insipid color, over artificialized parkways, and peripheral high-rise buildings in the nearby neighborhood that have also given rise to visual interference. Recommendations for relevant landscape construction and protection of the country parks are suggested. 相似文献
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在借鉴世界各国高速公路发展、高速公路景观设计、景观评价研究的基础上,以哈大高速公路景观为实例,对黑龙江省高速公路景观现状进行了分析,建立较为系统、客观、简捷、实用且又能得到专家和公众认同的高速公路景观评价体系,并对该评价体系在其它高速公路路段的应用进行了研讨。 相似文献
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Context
A challenging issue in landscape ecology is the evaluation of changes in a forest landscape following a disturbance. This evaluation usually entails examining changes in the forest inventory, which represents the best information available for a given forest region.Objectives
Our aim was to extend existing methods used to evaluate forest inventory to include additional variables, such as value-based forest product options, wood fibre attributes, and ecosystem services. Inclusion of such variables in forest inventory evaluations would allow research results to be presented from an economic perspective, which is often required for policy development and forest management decision-making.Methods
We developed a value-based framework to evaluate forest inventory and implemented it in the wood fibre value simulation model. We then used a local data set from Manitoba, Canada, to show how the model can be applied to the mapping of new inventory layers to facilitate the evaluation of landscape changes.Results
Five new inventory layers are mapped including bioenergy and heating value that can be directly used for evaluating landscape changes, and wood density, fibre length, and pulp yield, which can be combined with total wood volume to derive new variables or indices to express changes in landscape conditions.Conclusions
Our model can contribute to the assessment of landscape changes by indicating the values a forest can have when it is used for different conservation or utilization purposes. The model can also support improved decision-making with respect to the management of forest resources.15.
Chonggang Xu Burak Güneralp George Z. Gertner Robert M. Scheller 《Landscape Ecology》2010,25(6):855-871
Spatially explicit dynamic forest landscape models have been important tools to study large-scale forest landscape response
under global climatic change. However, the quantification of relative importance of different transition pathways among different
forest types to forest landscape dynamics stands as a significant challenge. In this study, we propose a novel approach of
elasticity and loop analyses to identify important transition pathways contributing to forest landscape dynamics. The elasticity
analysis calculates the elasticity to measure the importance of one-directional transitions (transition from one forest type
directly to another forest type); while the loop analysis is employed to measure the importance of different circular transition
pathways (transition from one forest type through other forest types back to itself). We apply the proposed approach to a
spatially explicit dynamic model, LANDIS-II, in a study of forest landscape response to climatic change in the Boundary Waters
Canoe Area (BWCA) incorporating the uncertainties in climatic change predictions. Our results not only corroborate the findings
of the previous studies on the most likely future forest compositions under simulated climatic variability, but also, through
the novel application of the elasticity and loop analyses concepts, provide a quantitative assessment of the specific mechanisms
leading to particular forest compositions, some of which might remain undetected with conventional model evaluation methods.
By quantifying the importance of specific processes (transitions among forest types) to forest composition dynamics, the proposed
approach can be a valuable tool for a more quantitative understanding of the relationship between processes and landscape
composition/patterns. 相似文献
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色彩是林内最强烈的视觉语言,秋季林内色彩差异尤为明显,研究色彩斑块布局对人工景观林质量提升有重要意义。为了探究色彩对生态景观林秋季景观质量的影响特征,以塞罕坝机械林场白桦纯林、2个密度的落叶松纯林、白桦-落叶松混交林为研究对象,选取了36张景观照片,采用ArcGis 10.3软件对照片进行矢量化处理,采用FRAGSTATS 4.2软件提取矢量化后照片的格局指数,采用美景度评价法(SBE)对照片中景观进行质量评价,美景度计算用的是标准化处理后的数据,故对照照片为随机1张照片。通过比较秋季4个林分色彩斑块形状指数(LSI)、香农多样性指数(SHDI)、香农均匀度指数(SHEI)和分离度指数(SPL)的变化特征,明确林内色彩斑块景观指数对生态景观林美景度的影响,分析不同林分景观质量的差异性,进而为生态景观林经营与评价提供依据。主要研究结果如下：(1)白桦纯林斑块多样性指数最高,美景度与斑块多样性指数呈显著负相关(相关系数为-0.847),导致白桦纯林美景度最低,且与其他3个林分类型差异显著;低密度落叶松纯林美景度最高,人们对落叶松纯林喜好程度较高。(2)美景度与色彩斑块LSI值存在正相关性,... 相似文献
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An ecological classification of forest landscape simulation models: tools and strategies for understanding broad-scale forested ecosystems 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
Computer models are increasingly being used by forest ecologists and managers to simulate long-term forest landscape change.
We review models of forest landscape change from an ecological rather than methodological perspective. We developed a classification
based on the representation of three ecological criteria: spatial interactions, tree species community dynamics, and ecosystem
processes. Spatial interactions are processes that spread across a landscape and depend upon spatial context and landscape
configuration. Communities of tree species may change over time or can be defined a priori. Ecosystem process representation
may range from no representation to a highly mechanistic, detailed representation. Our classification highlights the implicit
assumptions of each model group and helps define the problem set for which each model group is most appropriate. We also provide
a brief history of forest landscape simulation models, summarize the current trends in methods, and consider how forest landscape
models may evolve and continue to contribute to forest ecology and management. Our classification and review can provide novice
modelers with the ecological context for understanding or choosing an appropriate model for their specific hypotheses. In
addition, our review clarifies the challenges and opportunities that confront practicing model users and model developers. 相似文献
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In the last few years, landscape researchers have sought to understand temporal and spatial patterns of landscape changes in order to develop comprehensive models of land cover dynamics. To do so, most studies have used similar methods to quantify structural patterns, usually by comparing various landscape structural indices through time. Whereas the necessity for complementary approaches which might provide insights into landscape dynamics at some finer scale relevant to local managers has been expressed, few studies have proposed alternative methodologies. Moreover, the important relationship between the physical constraints of the landscape and land use dynamics has been seldom emphasized. Here we propose a methodological outline which was applied to the study of a rural landscape of Southern Quebec, Canada, to detect spatial and temporal (1958 to 1993) patterns of land cover changes at field, patch and landscape level. We then relate these patterns to the underlying physical structure of landscape elements using GIS and canonical correspondence analyses. We use the different geomorphological deposit types as stable discriminant factors which may constrain land use.Canonical correspondence analyses showed relations of land use and land use changes to the physical attributes of the landscape elements, whereas spatial analyses revealed very dynamic patterns at finer spatial and temporal scales. They highlighted the fact that not only the physical attributes of the landscape elements but also their spatial configuration were important determinants of land use dynamics in this area. Thus more land use changes occurred at the boundary between geomorphological deposit types than in any other locations. This trend is apparent for specific small-size changes (e.g. forest to crop), but not for the large-size ones (e.g. abandoned land to forest). Although land use changes are triggered by socioeconomic forces in this area, these changes are nevertheless constrained by the underlying physical landscape structure. A thorough comprehension of historical changes will enhance our capability to predict future landscape dynamics and devise more effective landscape management strategies. 相似文献
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基于Quick Bird卫星影像和地理信息系统,以ArcGIS 9.3和Fragstats 3.3为技术支撑,对不同建筑密度下的城市森林景观逆破碎化趋势下景观指数和植物群落特征变化进行分析,并对景观进行近自然度评价,进而找出达到近自然林属性的最低景观逆破碎化程度,即景观逆破碎化阈值。 相似文献