共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(15)
简要介绍了赭曲霉毒素A的存在范围以及对人和动物的危害,并综述几种通过生物方法进行脱毒处理的实例。其中,应用最多的是生物降解法,原理是将具有高毒性和强危害性的赭曲霉毒素A降解成毒性小的赭曲霉毒素α。此外,可把植物精油当作生物抑菌剂抑制赭曲霉及其毒素的生长,加入金属钙离子来抑制已经感染OTA的植物叶片毒性,利用微酸性电解水来去除食品中的赭曲霉毒素A。为今后研究赭曲霉毒素A的脱毒处理,提供了应用实例。 相似文献
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应用胶体金免疫层析技术,建立了一种快速检测食品和饲料中赭曲霉毒素A的方法。采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,标记抗赭曲霉毒素A单克隆抗体,将标记的胶体金抗体喷涂于玻璃纤维上,赭曲霉毒素A偶联抗原OTA-OVA和二抗兔抗鼠IgG分别喷涂于硝酸纤维膜上,作为检测线和质控线,依次将样品垫、胶体金垫、硝酸纤维膜和吸水纸组装成试纸条并装卡。测试结果表明,赭曲霉毒素A快速检测试纸条的灵敏度为5ng/mL,检测时间为10min,批内和批间重复性为100%,假阳性率和假阴性率均为0。该法使用简单方便,非常适合现场快速检测赭曲霉毒素A。 相似文献
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补充或不补充酵母的全麦面粉饲料饲养地中海粉螟[Ephestia kuehniella(2e11.)]。仓储谷物霉菌产生的6种真菌毒素,以10倍的浓度加到饲料中去,则幼虫的生长受到赭曲霉毒素 A(Ochratoxin A)、桔青霉素(Citrinin)、红青霉毒素 B(Rubratoxin B)和棒曲霉素(Patulin)的抑制,而10ppm 的赭曲霉毒素 A 以及100ppm 的桔青霉素和红青霉毒素 B 就能 相似文献
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建立了免疫亲和柱净化高效液相色谱法测定调味品中赭曲霉毒素A。样品用甲醇与NaHCO3体积比为60:40的溶液提取,经免疫亲和色谱柱纯化,应用液相色谱法检测。结果表明,空白样品按照质量分数为1.0,20,50μg/kg添加赭曲霉毒素A,回收率为75.0%～102.0%,精密度小于15%,方法检测灵敏度为0.5μg/kg。免疫亲和柱净化高效液相色谱法测定调料中赭曲霉毒素A是一种简单、快速、准确的方法。 相似文献
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《农产品加工．学刊》2016,(13)
建立葡萄干中赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)的液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。样品经甲醇超声提取,以乙腈-水(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,正离子多反应监测模式(MRM)测定。结果表明,赭曲霉毒素A在1~50μg/L范围内有良好的线性,相关系数R20.999,方法回收率为79%~96%,相对标准偏差为3.1%~4.8%,定量限1.0μg/kg。该方法前处理快速简单,可用于对进出口葡萄干中赭曲霉毒素A的检测。 相似文献
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以纳米金偶联特效抗体组装的免疫层析快检卡为基础,利用色差分析建立快速定量检测高粱中的赭曲霉毒素A的分析方法。检测方法的定量检出限为3.0μg/kg,相对标准偏差低于11.0%,回收率为88.0%~98.6%。该分析方法操作简单、试剂消耗量少,测试时间短,测定结果灵准确、重现性好,可以用于基层对不同种类高粱中赭曲霉毒素A进行快速定量的筛查检测。 相似文献
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以纳米金偶联特效抗体组装的免疫层析快检卡为基础，利用色差分析建立快速定量检测高粱中的赭曲霉毒素A的分析方法。检测方法的定量检出限为3.0μg/kg，相对标准偏差低于11.0%，回收率为88.0%~98.6%。该分析方法操作简单、试剂消耗量少，测试时间短，测定结果灵准确、重现性好，可以用于基层对不同种类高粱中赭曲霉毒素A进行快速定量的筛查检测。 相似文献
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《粮食储藏》2014,(3)
正近日,我国提交的关于粮食类国际标准的两个新提案ISO 19942《玉米-规格》和ISO 15141《谷物和谷物制品-赭曲霉毒素A含量的测定-免疫亲和柱净化荧光检测高效液相色谱法》已经通过国际标准化组织(ISO)成员国的投票批准,正式在ISO注册立项。ISO 19942《玉米-规格》标准提案旨在制定服务于玉米国际贸易的产品国际标准。玉米是全球范围内产量和消费量最大的谷物。近20年以来,玉米全球贸易量一直呈现增长趋势,2011年超过2亿吨,占全球谷物贸易总量的三分之一,仅次于小麦。玉米国际贸易中由于产品质量标准问题引发的贸易纠纷、港口安全隐患时有发生。目前,与玉米有关的国际标准极少,在国际标准化组织食品技术委员会谷物与豆类分委员会(ISO TC34/SC4)的标准体系框架 相似文献
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Summary Genetic analysis of cereal cyst nematode resistance in three genotypes of oats indicates that resistance in Avena sterilis I.376 is controlled by two dominant genes and in A. sativa cv. Mortgage Lifter by two recessive genes. Resistance in A. byzantina P.I. 175021 is dominant and monogenic, and is probably at a locus distinct from the resistance loci in the other two genotypes. 相似文献
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利用不同酶制剂对谷物杂粮粉进行水解,探讨酶解条件对谷物杂粮粉黏度的影响。结果表明,当谷物杂粮粉底物质量分数为5%,纤维素酶和中温淀粉酶配比为1∶1,pH值为7,酶解温度为50℃,酶解时间为90 min,此时谷物杂粮粉水解液的黏度为92.34 mPa·S,该酶解工艺条件制得的谷物杂粮粉黏性适中,口感最佳。 相似文献
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即食糊类产品关键在于其在水中的分散性以及粘度,本研究以穇子为主要研究对象,通过制作穇子糊为此类淀粉类作物的糊类产品提供参考。通过预试验、单因素试验以及L9(33)的正交试验,基于模糊综合评判法对穇子粉、麦芽糊精、单硬脂酸甘油酯、糖等进行穇子糊的配方及工艺组合研究。穇子糊的最佳工艺及配方为：糯米粉30 g,穇子粉12 g,糖10 g,黑米10 g,麦芽糊精质量分数10%,单硬脂酸甘油酯质量分数0.5%。所得产品色泽均匀、口感润滑、香甜可口、冲泡性良好。 相似文献
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高磊 《农产品加工．学刊》2012,(9):140-141,149
采用微波消解—原子荧光光谱法,探寻一种检测黑米中汞的简便、准确的方法,优化了仪器的最佳工作条件,最佳载流浓度和还原剂浓度。结果表明:测定汞的检出限为0.001 8 ng/mL,加标回收率为90.2%～110.8%。该方法简单、省时、灵敏度高,适合于黑米中汞含量的测定。 相似文献
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Newfoundland's climate is marginal for agricultural production. The availability of locally grown cereal grain and high‐quality forage are major limitations to successful animal agriculture in this region. Here, our overall objective was to compare several spring cereal species for both annual forage and grain production in Newfoundland's cool Maritime climate. Several varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aesitivum L.), oats (Avena sativa L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.)–cereal mixtures for forage yield and quality, as well as grain yield and maturity, were compared in field trials on the east and west coasts in both 1999 and 2000. Barley headed earliest, yielded greatest forage dry matter, had lowest forage protein and acid detergent fibre (ADF) percentages, and had neutral detergent fibre (NDF) mean values greater than those of pea–cereal mixtures, but less than those of oats and wheat. Forage harvested from pea–cereal mixtures was similar to that of barley for yield, ADF and NDF, while P and protein percentage were much greater. Barley matured 10–15 days earlier than both wheat and oats. In general terms, all three spring cereals exhibited similar grain yield potential. Oats tillered less, but compensated by producing more kernels spike?1. Days to maturity for cereal grains in western Newfoundland were roughly similar to those reported for the Maritime provinces of Canada. Yield and maturity results for both forage and grain production suggest that eastern Newfoundland is a unique agro‐ecoregion in North America, and agronomic recommendations specific to other regions may not be applicable in this region. 相似文献
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Mick Ayliffe Yue Jin Zhensheng Kang Mattias Persson Brian Steffenson Shiping Wang Hei Leung 《Euphytica》2011,179(1):33-40
Cereal rusts are a constant disease threat that limits the production of almost all agricultural cereals. Rice is atypical
in that it is an intensively grown agricultural cereal that is immune to rust pathogens. This immunity is manifested by nonhost
resistance (NHR), the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. As part of the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative (BGRI), studies
are being undertaken to dissect the molecular mechanisms that provide rust immunity in rice and determine if they can be transferred
to wheat via transgenesis. Microscopic analyses showed that cereal rusts are capable of entering the rice leaf via formation
of an appressorium over a stomate and subsequent infection of underlying mesophyll cells. However, there is considerable variation
in the extent of colonization at each infection site. Our research effort has focused on screening for increased growth of
cereal rust using natural and induced variants of rice. Two collections of rice mutants, T-DNA insertional mutants and chemical/irradiation-induced
mutants, and diverse germplasm accessions are being screened for compromised NHR to cereal rusts. Preliminary screening with
stripe rust identified several potential mutants that allow increased fungal growth. The confirmation of these lines will
serve as the foundation for the isolation of gene(s) responsible for this compromised resistance. Details of the strategies
being undertaken and progress to date are provided. 相似文献
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P. M. King P. I. McCloud J. Jacka R. D. Graham 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1992,168(1):37-48
A crop rotation experiment was conducted at Coonalpyn, South Australia from 1976–1979 on a deep red duplex soil. The experiment studied the effects of grain legumes, pasture or cereal in the previous season on the yield and nutrient content of wheat and barley. Yields, disease assessments, soil nitrogen and water conditions were reported previously. Cereals following grain legumes generally absorbed more of all the nutrients studied, N, P, K, S, Cu, Zn, Mn, than did cereals after pasture; cereal following cereal was generally intermediate. Effects on barley were similar to those on wheat except that wheat took up much more Cu and Mn. Uptake of all nutrients was increased by rainfall, which was greatest in 1979 and least in 1977, but concentrations were often decreased by rainfall. The effects on nutrient concentrations were variable and smaller than on uptake, except for N, Cu and Mn which were much enhanced by grain legumes as the previous crop. Concentrations of trace elements were generally low, being lowest for Cu in 1977, for Zn in 1978 and for Mn in 1979, particularly in barley. Uptake was lowest in 1977, the driest year, especially for Cu. An attempt was made to relate the seasonal effects on levels of trace elements to the pattern of disease incidence. 相似文献