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1.
采用全基因组扫描法定位影响猪后腿质量QTL 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究影响猪后腿质量的QTL,采用分布于猪全基因组19对染色体上的183个微卫星标记,对白色杜洛克(♂)×二花脸(♀)资源家系群体1 028头F2代个体及其亲本进行基因型检测,利用最小二乘线性回归分析,通过置换试验确定显著性域值,对影响猪后腿质量的数量性状位点(QTL)进行了定位分析.共检测到10个QTL位点,其中在猪2、4、7、8、18号染色体上检测到5个1%基因组显著水平的QTLs,在5和7号染色体上检测到2个5%基因组显著水平QTLs.影响效应最大的QTL位于7号染色体58 cM处,置信区间仅为5 cM,这些结果为下一步的精细定位和位置候选基因的分离奠定了基础. 相似文献
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为定位影响猪背最长肌和半膜肌硬实度的数量性状基因座(QTL),本研究测定了白色杜洛克×二花脸资源家系中490头F_2代猪的背最长肌和半膜肌硬实度,检测了3代个体在19条染色体上194个微卫星的基因型,并据此进行了QTL定位分析.共检测到9个QTLs,包括影响背最长肌硬实度的4个QTLs,分别位于SSC1、SSC2、SSC7和SSC10,其中SSC1和SSC7的QTLs达到1%基因组显著水平;影响半膜肌硬实度的5个QTLs分别位于SSC1、SSC7、SSC10、SSC12和SSC14,其中SSC7和SSC14的QTLs分别达到5%和1%基因组显著水平. 相似文献
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猪微卫星座位杂合度与肌肉肌苷酸含量的关系 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
英系大白猪和梅山猪产生的139头F2代个体用作试验猪。分析猪1、2和6号染色体的24个微卫星座位与肌肉肌苷酸的关系,发现5个座位与肌苷酸含量显著关联(P<0 05)。它们分别是1号染色体的Sw2185、2号染色体的Sw2516、S0170、Sw1883和Sw2192。6号染色体9个微卫星座位均没有显著的相关(P>0 05)。这提示2号染色体的一些基因或QTL对肌苷酸含量有较大的遗传作用。分别以24个座位分类、以5个显著关联座位分类和以19个中性座位分类来研究基因杂合度与肌苷酸含量的关系,结果均表明随着基因杂合度增加,肌苷酸含量呈下降趋势。其中前两者分析结果大体一致。基因杂合度在0 5～0 8范围内,每增加0 05则肌苷酸含量下降幅度大约是群体肌苷酸均值的1 2%～7 5%。提示显著关联座位在肌苷酸的杂种优势中可能具有重要的遗传效应。同时,在应用微卫星标记估计基因杂合度与肌苷酸含量的关系时,尽可能选用显著关联座位,可以作到多快好省。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医》2010,(9)
利用F2代平衡和回交育种设计建立夏洛莱牛×荷斯坦牛杂交牛群,并用全基因组扫描检测影响牛肉脂肪酸含量的QTL。本研究对235头F2代杂交犊公牛群的腰肌样品的24个脂肪酸相关表型性状进行了检测,运用分布在29个牛常染色体上的165个微卫星标记进行了QTL回归分析。F-值鉴定结果发现34个QTL(大于5%为染色体显著水平),其中染色体显著水平大于5%的3个QTL,一个定位在1号染色体上(含亚油酸C18∶2 n-6),两个定位在10号染色体上(含γ-亚油酸DPA-二十二碳五烯酸和DPA-二十二碳五烯酸;C20∶3 n-6和C22∶5 n-3)。肌内脂肪含量检测结果表明,原始品种间脂肪沉积的差异受检测到得QTL影响(如定位在22号染色体上的QTL)。本研究发现及其先前报道的与牛肉脂肪酸含量和其他肉质性状相关的QTL,为相同或其它牛品种的相关研究提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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214头猪(180头F2个体)组成的资源家系中,在猪的第4、8和13染色体上共选取23个微卫星标记,对11种肉质性状做了QTL定位,这些肉质性状包括:背最长肌肌内脂肪率(IMF)、背最长肌含水量(WM)、背最长肌系水力(WHC)、背最长肌失水率(DLR)、背最长肌pH(pH1)、股二头肌pH(pH2)、头半棘肌pH(pH3)、背最长肌肉色值(MCV1)、股二头肌色值(MCV2)、背最长肌大理石纹评分(MMS1)和股二头肌大理石纹评分(MMS2)。结果表明:检测到2个染色体极显著水平的QTL(P≤0.01),它们是定位在SSC13上55 cM处的IMF QTL,和定位在SSC4上10 cM处的WM QTL;4个染色体显著水平的QTL(P≤0.05),它们是2个MCV2 QTL(SSC8上110 cM处和SSC13上70 cM处)、1个MMS1 QTL(SSC8上185 cM处)和1个MMS2 QTL(SSC8上185 cM处)。上述QTL解释的表型变异从0.16%(SSC8上MCV2 QTL)到17.84%(SSC8上MMS2 QTL)。 相似文献
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通过检测苏太猪群体和白色杜洛克×二花脸F2资源家系猪群体240日龄血浆血糖(Serum glucose,GLU)和糖基化血清蛋白(glycosylated serum proteins,GSP)含量,应用全基因组关联分析影响猪血糖性状的数量性状位点(QTL),并搜寻QTL区间内与表型相关的位置候选基因,为最终鉴别因果基因奠定前期工作基础。屠宰240日龄苏太群体435头和白色杜洛克×二花脸F2资源家系760头,收集血清并检测血糖和糖基化血清蛋白指标,利用Illumina porcine60K SNP芯片判定个体的基因型,并进行全基因组SNP与两个性状关联性分析,定位影响苏太猪和白色杜洛克×二花脸F2资源家系个体240日龄血糖和糖基化血清蛋白的QTL。在Ensembl(EMBI-EBI)和NCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Information)网站搜寻相应的位置候选基因。在3条染色体上共检测到1个影响GSP和2个影响GLU的QTL,此外在苏太猪中检测到2个影响GSP的QTL,但这两个显著关联SNP的染色体位置目前尚无结论,所以没有定位到哪条染色体上,这些QTL均为5%染色体显著水平。影响不同性状的QTL位于不同染色体上,影响同一性状的QTL也位于不同染色体上,解释表型变异为3.719%和3.724%。 相似文献
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家兔血液蛋白多态性与主要经济性状间关系的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用垂直板PAGE法对日本大耳白兔、新西兰兔血液中的 7个蛋白座位进行测定 ,运用线性模型的分析方法估计 7个蛋白座位的基因型对两品种家兔主要经济性状的效应 ,检测出效应显著的 4种生化基因型 ,Es 1的AA型对初生窝重、Hp的 2 3型对仔兔的初生个体重的相关效应均达显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Tf的AA型和Es 3的BB型对 2 8日龄体重的效应也达到显著水平 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,结果表明 :Es 1、Hp、Tf、Es 3座位可望作为遗传标记用于标记辅助选择。 相似文献
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“申农Ⅰ号”猪的肥育和胴体性状 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
对“申农Ⅰ号”培育猪群分 3次进行肥育和胴体性能测定 ,第 1次试验猪为杜× (长大二 )猪 ,饲养 8头 ,屠宰 4头 ;第 2次试验猪为“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪 ,饲养 5头 ,屠宰 4头 ;第 3次试验猪为“申农Ⅰ号”二世代猪 ,饲养 9头 ,屠宰 4头。试验结果表明 ,杜× (长大二 )猪、“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪及二世代猪平均日增重分别为 62 2 5g、 51 4 6g和 52 3 31g。在胴体性状方面 ,“申农Ⅰ号”二世代猪屠宰率最高 ,达74 37% ;平均背膘及 6～ 7肋膘最薄 ,为 2 1 4cm和 1 74cm ;眼肌面积最大 ,为 34 31cm2 ;瘦肉率最高 ,为 61 70 % ,而杜× (长大二 )猪和“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪上述各指标则分别为 :72 96% ,67 60 % ;3 1 5cm ,3 1 2cm和 3 0 3cm ,3 0 3cm ;2 9 63cm2 ,2 7 60cm2 ;56 2 7% ,58 2 1 %。在肉质性状方面 ,“申农Ⅰ号”二世代猪在校正肉色上最高 ,为 9 88,杜× (长大二 )猪在系水力和肌内脂含量上最高 ,分别为 75 2 1 %和 3 36 % ,而“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪则在嫩度及肌肉水分指标上占优 ,分别为 2 52kg及 75 2 1 %。 相似文献
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van Wijk HJ Dibbits B Baron EE Brings AD Harlizius B Groenen MA Knol EF Bovenhuis H 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(4):789-799
A QTL study for carcass composition and meat quality traits was conducted on finisher pigs of a cross between a synthetic Piétrain/Large White boar line and a commercial sow cross. The mapping population comprised 715 individuals evaluated for a total of 30 traits related to growth and fatness (4 traits), carcass composition (11 traits), and meat quality (15 traits). Offspring of 8 sires (n = 715) were used for linkage analysis and genotyped for 73 microsatellite markers covering 14 chromosomal regions representing approximately 50% of the pig genome. The regions examined were selected based on previous studies suggesting the presence of QTL affecting carcass composition or meat quality traits. Thirty-two QTL exceeding the 5% chromosome-wise significance level were identified. Among these, 5 QTL affecting 5 different traits were significant at the 1% chromosome-wise level. The greatest significance levels were found for a QTL affecting loin weight on SSC11 and a QTL with an effect on the Japanese color scale score of the loin on SSC4. About one-third of the identified QTL were in agreement with QTL previously reported. Results showed that QTL affecting carcass composition and meat quality traits segregated within commercial lines. Use of these results for marker-assisted selection offers opportunities for improving pork quality by within-line selection. 相似文献
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Sato S Oyamada Y Atsuji K Nade T Sato S Kobayashi E Mitsuhashi T Nirasawa K Komatsuda A Saito Y Terai S Hayashi T Sugimoto Y 《Journal of animal science》2003,81(12):2938-2949
We constructed a pig F2 resource population by crossing a Meishan sow and a Duroc boar to locate economically important trait loci. The F2 generation was composed of 865 animals (450 males and 415 females) from four F1 males and 24 F1 females and was genotyped for 180 informative microsatellite markers spanning 2,263.6 cM of the whole pig genome. Results of the genome scan showed evidence for significant quantitative trait loci (<1% genomewise error rate) affecting weight at 30 d and average daily gain on Sus scrofa chromosome (SSC) 6, carcass yield on SSC 7, backfat thickness on SSC 7 and SSC X, vertebra number on SSC 1 and SSC 7, loin muscle area on SSC 1 and SSC 7, moisture on SSC 13, intramuscular fat content on SSC 7, and testicular weight on SSC 3 and SSC X. Moreover, 5% genomewise significant QTL were found for birth weight on SSC 7, average daily gain on SSC 4, carcass length on SSC 6, SSC 7, and SSC X and lightness (L value) on SSC 3. We identified 38 QTL for 28 traits at the 5% genomewise level. Of the 38 QTL, 24 QTL for 17 traits were significant at the 1% genomewise level. Analysis of marker genotypes supported the breed of origin results and provided further evidence that a suggestive QTL for circumference of cannon bone also was segregating within the Meishan parent. We identified genomic regions related with growth and meat quality traits. Fine mapping will be required for their application in introgression programs and gene cloning. 相似文献
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Edwards DB Ernst CW Raney NE Doumit ME Hoge MD Bates RO 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(2):254-266
Pigs from the F(2) generation of a Duroc x Pietrain resource population were evaluated to discover QTL affecting carcass composition and meat quality traits. Carcass composition phenotypes included primal cut weights, skeletal characteristics, backfat thickness, and LM area. Meat quality data included LM pH, temperature, objective and subjective color information, marbling and firmness scores, and drip loss. Additionally, chops were analyzed for moisture, protein, and fat composition as well as cook yield and Warner-Bratzler shear force measurements. Palatability of chops was determined by a trained sensory panel. A total of 510 F(2) animals were genotyped for 124 microsatellite markers evenly spaced across the genome. Data were analyzed with line cross, least squares regression interval, mapping methods using sex and litter as fixed effects and carcass weight or slaughter age as covariates. Significance thresholds of the F-statistic for single QTL with additive, dominance, or imprinted effects were determined on chromosome- and genome-wise levels by permutation tests. A total of 94 QTL for 35 of the 38 traits analyzed were found to be significant at the 5% chromosome-wise level. Of these 94 QTL, 44 were significant at the 1% chromosome-wise, 28 of these 44 were also significant at the 5% genome-wise, and 14 of these 28 were also significant at the 1% genome-wise significance thresholds. Putative QTL were discovered for 45-min pH and pH decline from 45 min to 24 h on SSC 3, marbling score and carcass backfat on SSC 6, carcass length and number of ribs on SSC 7, marbling score on SSC 12, and color measurements and tenderness score on SSC 15. These results will facilitate fine mapping efforts to identify genes controlling carcass composition and meat quality traits that can be incorporated into marker-assisted selection programs to accelerate genetic improvement in pig populations. 相似文献
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Edwards DB Ernst CW Tempelman RJ Rosa GJ Raney NE Hoge MD Bates RO 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(2):241-253
Pigs from the F(2) generation of a Duroc x Pietrain resource population were evaluated to discover QTL affecting growth and composition traits. Body weight and ultrasound estimates of 10th-rib backfat, last-rib backfat, and LM area were serially measured throughout development. Estimates of fat-free total lean, total body fat, empty body protein, empty body lipid, and ADG from 10 to 22 wk of age were calculated, and random regression analyses were performed to estimate individual animal phenotypes representing intercept and linear rates of increase in these serial traits. A total of 510 F(2) animals were genotyped for 124 micro-satellite markers evenly spaced across the genome. Data were analyzed with line cross, least squares regression, interval mapping methods using sex and litter as fixed effects. Significance thresholds of the F-statistic for single QTL with additive, dominance, or imprinted effects were determined at the chromosome- and genome-wise levels by permutation tests. A total of 43 QTL for 22 of the 29 measured traits were found to be significant at the 5% chromosome-wise level. Of these 43 QTL, 20 were significant at the 1% chromosome-wise significance threshold, 14 of these 20 were also significant at the 5% genome-wise significance threshold, and 10 of these 14 were also significant at the 1% genome-wise significance threshold. A total of 22 QTL for the animal random regression terms were found to be significant at the 5% chromosome-wise level. Of these 22 QTL, 6 were significant at the 1% chromosome-wise significance threshold, 4 of these 6 were also significant at the 5% genome-wise significance threshold, and 3 of these 4 were also significant at the 1% genome-wise significance threshold. Putative QTL were discovered for 10th-rib and last-rib backfat on SSC 6, body composition traits on SSC 9, backfat and lipid composition traits on SSC 11, 10th-rib backfat and total body fat tissue on SSC 12, and linear regression of last-rib backfat and total body fat tissue on SSC 8. These results will facilitate fine-mapping efforts to identify genes controlling growth and body composition of pigs that can be incorporated into marker-assisted selection programs to accelerate genetic improvement in pig populations. 相似文献
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J. Gao J. Ren L.H. Zhou D.R. Ren L. Li S.J. Xiao B. Yang L.S. Huang 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2010,127(2):119-124
The small intestine is a vital organ in animal gastrointestinal system, in which a large variety of nutrients are absorbed. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the length of porcine small intestine, phenotypic values were measured in 1034 individuals at 240 d from a White Duroc × Chinese Erhualian intercross F2 population. The length of small intestine showed strong correlation with growth traits and carcass length in the F2 population. A whole‐genome scan was performed based on 183 microsatellites covering the pig genome in the F2 population. A total of 10 QTL for this trait were identified on 8 pig chromosomes (SSC), including four 1% genome‐wide significant QTL on SSC2, 4, 7 and 8, one 5% genome‐wide significant QTL on SSC12, and five 5% chromosome‐wide significant QTL on SSC5, 7, 13 and 14. The Erhualian alleles were generally associated with shorter length of the small intestine except the alleles on SSC7 and 13. The QTL on SSC4 overlapped with the previously reported QTL for the length of small intestine. Several significant QTL on SSC2, 8, and 12 were consistent with previous reports. The significant QTL detected on SSC7 was reported for the first time. All QTL identified in this study corresponded to the known region significantly associated with growth traits, supporting the important role of the length of small intestine in pig growth. 相似文献
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Mizoshita K Watanabe T Hayashi H Kubota C Yamakuchi H Todoroki J Sugimoto Y 《Journal of animal science》2004,82(12):3415-3420
We used a half-sib family of purebred Japanese Black (Wagyu) cattle to locate economically important quantitative trait loci. The family was composed of 348 fattened steers, 236 of which were genotyped for 342 microsatellite markers spanning 2,664 cM of 29 bovine autosomes. The genome scan revealed evidence of 15 significant QTL (<5% chromosome-wise level) affecting growth and carcass traits. Of the 15 QTL, six QTL were significant at the 5% experiment-wise level and were located in bovine chromosomes (BTA) 4, 5, and 14. We analyzed these three chromosomes in more detail in the 348 steers, with an average marker interval of 1.2 cM. The second scan revealed that the same haplotype of the BTA 4 region (52 to 67 cM) positively affected LM area and marbling. We confirmed the QTL for carcass yield estimate on BTA 5 in the region of 45 to 54 cM. Five growth-related QTL located on BTA 14, including slaughter and carcass weights, were positively affected by the same region of the haplotype of BTA 14 (29-51 cM). These data should provide a useful reference for further marker-assisted selection in the family and positional cloning research. The research indicates that progeny design with moderate genotyping efforts is a powerful method for detecting QTL in a purebred half-sib family. 相似文献
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Sherman EL Nkrumah JD Li C Bartusiak R Murdoch B Moore SS 《Journal of animal science》2009,87(1):37-45
Feed intake and feed efficiency are economically important traits in beef cattle because feed is the greatest variable cost in production. Feed efficiency can be measured as feed conversion ratio (FCR, intake per unit gain) or residual feed intake (RFI, measured as DMI corrected for BW and growth rate, and sometimes a measure of body composition, usually carcass fatness, RFI(bf)). The goal of this study was to fine map QTL for these traits in beef cattle using 2,194 markers on 24 autosomes. The animals used were from 20 half-sib families originating from Angus, Charolais, and University of Alberta Hybrid bulls. A mixed model with random sire and fixed QTL effect nested within sire was used to test each location (cM) along the chromosomes. Threshold levels were determined at the chromosome and genome levels using 20,000 permutations. In total, 4 QTL exceeded the genome-wise threshold of P < 0.001, 3 exceeded at P < 0.01, 17 at P < 0.05, and 30 achieved significance at the chromosome-wise threshold level (at least P < 0.05). No QTL were detected on BTA 8, 16, and 27 above the 5% chromosome-wise significance threshold for any of the traits. Nineteen chromosomes contained RFI QTL significant at the chromosome-wise level. The RFI(bf) QTL results were generally similar to those of RFI, the positions being similar, but occasionally differing in the level of significance. Compared with RFI, fewer QTL were detected for both FCR and DMI, 12 and 4 QTL, respectively, at the genome-wise thresholds. Some chromosomes contained FCR QTL, but not RFI QTL, but all DMI QTL were on chromosomes where RFI QTL were detected. The most significant QTL for RFI was located on BTA 3 at 82 cM (P = 7.60 x 10(-5)), for FCR on BTA 24 at 59 cM (P = 0.0002), and for DMI on BTA 7 at 54 cM (P = 1.38 x 10(-5)). The RFI QTL that showed the most consistent results with previous RFI QTL mapping studies were on BTA 1, 7, 18, and 19. The identification of these QTL provides a starting point to identify genes affecting feed intake and efficiency for use in marker-assisted selection and management. 相似文献
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A genome scan for quantitative trait loci affecting male reproductive traits in a White Duroc x Chinese Erhualian resource population 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ren DR Ren J Xing YY Guo YM Wu YB Yang GC Mao HR Huang LS 《Journal of animal science》2009,87(1):17-23
Chinese Erhualian boars have dramatically smaller testes, greater concentrations of circulating androgens, and fewer Sertoli cells than Western commercial breeds. To identify QTL for boar reproductive traits, testicular weight, epididymal weight, seminiferous tubular diameter at 90 and 300 d, and serum testosterone concentration at 300 d were measured in 347 F(2) boars from a White Duroc x Chinese Erhualian cross. A whole genome scan was performed with 183 microsatellites covering 19 porcine chromosomes. A total of 16 QTL were identified on 9 chromosomes, including 1% genome-wide significant QTL for testicular weight at 90 and 300 d and seminiferous tubular diameter at 90 d on SSCX, and for epididymal weight and testosterone concentration at 300 d on SSC7. Two 5% genome-wide significant QTL were detected for testicular weight at 300 d on SSC1 and seminiferous tubular diameter at 300 d on SSC16. Nine suggestive QTL were found on SSC1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 13, and 14. Chinese Erhualian alleles were not systematically favorable for greater reproductive performance. This study confirmed the previous significant QTL for testicular weight on SSCX and for epididymal weight on SSC7, and reported QTL for seminiferous tubular diameter and testosterone concentration at the first time. The observed different QTL for the same trait at different ages reflect the involvement of distinct genes in the development of male reproductive traits. 相似文献
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A. S&#;awi&#;ska M. Siwek E.F. Knol D.T. Roelofs-Prins H.J. van Wijk B. Dibbits & M. Bednarczyk 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2009,126(1):43-51
Porcine chromosome 4 harbours many quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting meat quality, fatness and carcass composition traits, detected in resource pig populations previously. However, prior to selection in commercial breeds, QTL identified in an intercross between divergent breeds require confirmation, so that they can be segregated. Consequently, the objective of this study was to validate several QTL on porcine chromosome 4 responsible for meat and carcass quality traits. The experimental population consisted of 14 crossbred paternal half-sib families. The region of investigation was the q arm of SSC4 flanked by the markers S0073 and S0813. Regression analysis resulted in the validation of three QTL within the interval: Minolta a * loin, back fat thickness and the weight of trimmed ham. The results were additionally confirmed by factor analysis. Candidate genes were proposed for meat colour, which was the most evident QTL validated in this study. 相似文献