共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2016,(7)
在饲料中添加10mg/kg的克伦特罗,使用HPLC法研究了克伦特罗在猪尿液和血液中的残留消除规律。研究结果表明:喂药期前3d尿液和血液中克伦特罗的含量逐步上升,4~15d无明显变化趋势;停药期前3d尿液和血液中克伦特罗的含量急剧下降,4~15d呈平缓下降趋势;喂药期和停药期尿液和血液中克伦特罗的含量变化成正相关,相关系数分别为r=0.64、r=0.9961。因此,使用HPLC法以血液样本代替尿样进行克伦特罗检测是可行的。 相似文献
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超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究克伦特罗在绒山羊体内消除规律 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法并对克伦特罗（Clenbuterol）在绒山羊体内残留消除规律进行了研究。选取60只健康绒山羊（30±4．8）kg,平均分成2组,分别在饲料中添加150μg／kgb．w．（A组）和300μg／kgb．w．（B组）克伦特罗,连续饲喂25d后停药。建立UPLC—MS／MS检测方法监测喂药期尿液、休药期尿液和组织中克伦特罗含量。克伦特罗在饲喂期间,A组尿液中平均含量为289～5313μg／L,B组尿液中平均含量为1323～11378μg／L。停药后尿液中克伦特罗含量迅速下降,停药40d后,A、B两组均下降至10μg／L以下;停药后,取绒山羊肝脏、肾脏、肺脏、肌肉测定其残留量。A、B两组停药后组织中克伦特罗含量持续下降,停药40d后,肝脏含量33μg／kg,肾脏约5μg／kg,其余组织均未检出。 相似文献
3.
盐酸克伦特罗在羊主要脏器中残留量消除规律的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验对盐酸克伦特罗在休药期肉羊眼睛、心脏、肾脏、肺脏、脾脏等组织中的残留规律进行了研究。选择24头体重为(30±5)kg健康肉羊进行试验,在饲料中添加50 μg/kg盐酸克伦特罗,连续饲喂35 d后休药,通过液相色谱—质谱联用/质谱检测休药期肉羊组织中克伦特罗含量,研究其残留量消除规律。试验结果表明,肉羊眼睛中有高浓度的盐酸克伦特罗残留且其在肝脏中消除较慢;停药第14天眼睛中盐酸克伦特罗的浓度仍为42.42～63.48 μg/kg,脾脏中盐酸克伦特罗消除速度是最快的;停药3 d时,检测不到盐酸克伦特罗的残留量(低于检出限0.07 μg/kg),故眼睛可用作检测盐酸克伦特罗在肉羊生产上非法使用的靶标。 相似文献
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以磺胺二甲嘧啶、金霉素和泰乐菌素为研究对象,探讨在饲粮中添加兽药后,猪粪中3种兽药原形及其主要代谢产物的排泄规律。试验选取60头33kg左右的长大二元杂交母猪,在饲粮中加入200mg/kg的磺胺二甲嘧啶、75mg/kg的金霉素和100mg/kg的泰乐菌素,分用药期和休药期收集猪粪检测其中的兽药原形及其代谢产物残留。结果表明,7d用药期内猪粪中磺胺二甲嘧啶及其主要代谢产物对位氨基乙酰化磺胺二甲嘧啶的平均残留分别为59.50,15.98μg/g;金霉素及其代谢产物4位差向异构金霉素平均残留分别为239.92,217.79μg/g;泰乐菌素A及其代谢产物泰乐菌素D的平均残留分别为10.50,65.99μg/g。进入休药期后,猪粪中兽药原型及其代谢产物残留下降很快,到休药期结束时,相应试验组的猪粪中已检测不出金霉素及其代谢产物残留,但仍可检出磺胺二甲嘧啶及其代谢产物和泰乐菌素A及其代谢产物。由此可知,兽药的体内代谢产物在兽药的排泄中占重要比例,提示除兽药原形外还应重视其代谢产物进入环境后的生态毒理学效应。 相似文献
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用HPLC-MS/MS研究动物毛发中克伦特罗的残留及代谢规律 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定毛发中盐酸克伦特罗残留的方法。猪毛发以0.1moL/L盐酸溶液提取,MCX固相萃取柱净化,流动相溶解定容。以SB-C18柱为分离柱,1%乙酸水溶液和甲醇(60∶40,V∶V)作为流动相,MS/MS进行定性和定量分析。在优化条件下的最低检出限为0.05μg/kg,定量限为0.2μg/kg。毛发样品中添加不同浓度盐酸克伦特罗,测得回收率在79.0%～86.2%之间,变异系数均低于15.2%。应用该方法研究了盐酸克伦特罗在猪毛发中的代谢并初步探讨其代谢机理。结果表明:在较高饲喂浓度(10mg/kg)时,用药5d后,黑色猪毛发有少量盐酸克伦特罗残留,而白色猪毛发中未检出。从第7天起猪毛发中盐酸克伦特罗蓄积量逐渐增加,最高蓄积浓度为4852.5μg/kg。 相似文献
7.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(9):1550-1557
探索用表面增强拉曼光谱法检测盐酸克伦特罗等β受体激动剂于给药和停药期间在猪尿液、毛发、粪便和组织中的浓度,为快速检出在饲养和市场流通环节中的瘦肉精提供方法支持。在生猪饲料中以10mg/kg的量添加一种β受体激动剂,并连续喂养14d,然后停止给药,使用正常饲料。在给药期间于l、2、3、4、6、8、10和14d分别采集尿液、毛发和粪便,通过前处理后与表面信号增强剂等体积混合,测定其中的β受体激动剂浓度。停药后每天剪去少量毛发,前处理后测定其中的主药的蓄积浓度。结果显示,样品回收率在94.0%以上,相对标准偏差小于2%。盐酸克伦特罗、硫酸沙丁胺醇、硫酸特布他林、班布特罗、盐酸氯丙那林、富马酸福莫特罗的标准溶液在0.05~50μg/L质量浓度范围呈良好线性关系,定量下限为0.05μg/L;尿液、粪便、毛发样品中在1~50μg/L质量浓度范围呈良好线性关系,定量下限为1μg/L。盐酸莱克多巴胺的标准溶液在0.1~50μg/L质量浓度范围呈良好线性关系,定量下限为0.1μg/L。结果表明,该研究测试方法便捷灵敏,用于β受体激动剂在猪体内代谢分析,以及检测其在猪各组织部位残留情况尤为适宜。 相似文献
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高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究猪毛发中克仑特罗和莱克多巴胺的残留及代谢规律 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测猪毛发中克仑特罗和莱克多巴胺残留的方法。猪毛发经1 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液水解、乙酸乙酯萃取、MCX固相萃取柱净化,流动相溶解后用HPLC-MS/MS进行检测。克仑特罗在1.9～463.2 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.999 0);回收率为83.3%～86.6%,相对标准偏差为6.7%～9.2%;检出限为0.3μg/kg,定量限为0.8μg/kg。莱克多巴胺在2.8～562.9 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.999 2);回收率为83.4%～88.4%,相对标准偏差为7.2%～9.6%;检出限为0.4μg/kg,定量限为1.2μg/kg。应用该方法研究了克仑特罗、莱克多巴胺在猪毛发中的代谢规律并进行了猪毛发样品检测。结果喂药7 d至停药21 d猪毛发中均检出克仑特罗、莱克多巴胺残留;检测猪毛发样品25份,1份样品检出克仑特罗,残留量为58.68μg/kg。 相似文献
9.
3种兽药及其主要代谢产物在猪粪中的排泄规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以磺胺二甲嘧啶、金霉素和泰乐菌素为研究对象,探讨在饲粮中添加兽药后,猪粪中3种兽药原形及其主要代谢产物的排泄规律。试验选取60头33k左右的长大二元杂交母猪,在饲粮中加入200mg／kg的磺胺二甲嘧啶、75mg／kg的金霉素和100mg／kg的泰乐菌素,分用药期和休药期收集猪粪检测其中的兽药原形及其代谢产物残留。结果表明,7d用药期内猪粪中磺胺二甲嘧啶及其主要代谢产物对位氨基乙酰化磺胺二甲嘧啶的平均残留分别为59．50,15．98μg／g;金霉素及其代谢产物4位差向异构金霉素平均残留分别为239．92,217．79μg／g;泰乐菌素A及其代谢产物泰乐菌素D的平均残留分别为10．50,65．99／μg／g。进入休药期后,猪粪中兽药原型及其代谢产物残留下降很快,到休药期结束时,相应试验组的猪粪中已检测不出金霉素及其代谢产物残留,但仍可检出磺胺二甲嘧啶及其代谢产物和泰乐菌素A及其代谢产物。由此可知,兽药的体内代谢产物在兽药的排泄中占重要比例,提示除兽药原形外还应重视其代谢产物进入环境后的生态毒理学效应。 相似文献
10.
为研究自制盐酸多西环素注射液在猪体内的残留消除规律,以10 mg/kg剂量给健康猪肌内注射盐酸多西环素注射液,每日1次给药,连续三次。在最后一次给药后7、14、21、28和35 d时间点采集肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪和注射部位肌肉,用UPLC-MS/MS法测定组织中多西环素残留量。结果表明,给药35 d后,肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪和注射部位肌肉中的多西环素残留量分别为18、24、69、10、59μg/kg,均低于最高残留限量。用WT1.4软件计算休药期,盐酸多西环素注射液在猪肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪和注射部位肌肉中的休药期分别为33.9、23.8、24.8、0和36.9 d,为保证兽药安全使用、消费者身体健康与食品安全,建议盐酸多西环素注射液在猪的休药期为42 d。 相似文献
11.
The pharmacokinetics and residues of clenbuterol in veal calves. 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Seven female Brown Swiss calves were used to study the pharmacokinetics of clenbuterol after an effective anabolic dosage of 5 micrograms/kg of BW was given twice daily for 3 wk. Analyses of clenbuterol concentrations in different tissues was done by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Tissue samples were taken from three calves on the last day of administration and from two more after 3.5 or 14 d of clenbuterol withdrawal. The rate of clenbuterol elimination was dependent on time and tissue. Clenbuterol concentrations in the lung dropped from a mean of 76 ng/g to a level of less than .08 ng/g after 14 d, whereas in the liver the clenbuterol concentrations decreased from 46 ng/g to .6 ng/g within 14 d of withdrawal. Highest levels were always found in the eye: 118 ng/g, 57.5 ng/g, and 15.1 ng/g after 0, 3.5, and 14 d of withdrawal, respectively. These data reveal that different compartments contribute to the elimination of clenbuterol; therefore, concentrations in urine do not follow first order kinetics. An initial rapid decline in the concentration of clenbuterol in urine with a half-life of 10 h is followed by a slower elimination with a half-life of about 2.5 d. Treatments using the anabolic dose of 5 micrograms/kg of BW require longer withdrawal times than the therapeutic dose (.8 micrograms/kg BW). 相似文献
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Musser JM Anderson KL Boison JO 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,219(3):346-350
OBJECTIVE: To determine tissue depletion of penicillin G in calves after oral ingestion with milk replacer and estimate a withdrawal period. DESIGN: Longitudinal controlled trial. ANIMALS: 26 Holstein calves. PROCEDURE: Once daily, 24 calves were fed milk replacer containing procaine penicillin G (0.68 mg/kg [0.31 mg/lb] of body weight); 2 calves served as controls. After 1 feeding, 12 calves were euthanatized in groups of 3 each 4, 6.5, 9.5, and 13 hours after feeding. After 14 days, 12 calves were euthanatized in groups of 3 each 4, 6.5, 9.5, and 13 hours after the final feeding. Concentrations of penicillin G were determined in tissues, blood, and urine by use of high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Penicillin G was not detected in muscle samples of treated calves. The highest concentrations of penicillin G in plasma, kidney, and liver were 13 ng/ml, 92 ng/g, and 142 ng/g, respectively. Thirteen carcasses had violative drug residues; 12 had violative residues in the liver only, and 1 had violative residues in the liver and kidney. A 21-hour withdrawal period was estimated. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Liver had the highest concentration of penicillin G and was most likely to have violative residues. Feeding calves milk containing penicillin G has the potential to cause violative drug residues in tissues. It is recommended to observe an appropriate withdrawal time prior to slaughter if calves are fed milk from cows treated with penicillin G. 相似文献
14.
G Samuelson D M Whipple D H Showalter W C Jacobson G E Heath 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1979,175(5):449-452
Tissue concentrations of sulfamethazine in swine fed the drug at the rate of 500 g/ton of ration (550 g/1,000 kg) for a 30-day period depleted to 0.1 ppm or less within 4 to 10 days after withdrawal of medicated feed. Depletion from the tissues and plasma of treated pigs showed a linear relationship with time when the concentrations were plotted on a semilogarithmic graph. Six untreated pigs that were placed on bedding in pens formerly occupied by the treated group developed tissue residues at or above 0.1 ppm sulfamethazine; the mean plasma concentration of sulfamethazine reached 2.8 ppm by day 15. 相似文献
15.
C.C. WALKER R.L. THUNE† S.A. BARKER 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1995,18(4):306-310
Channel catfish ( n = 84) maintained at a water temperature of 27°C were used in a feeding study to determine the plasma to muscle concentration ratios of sulfadimethoxine (SDM) and 4-N-acetylsulfadimethoxine residues. Sulfadimethoxine medicated feed was provided free choice at 42 mg SDM/kg body weight once daily for 5 days and the plasma and muscle concentrations of SDM were determined at selected withdrawal times (6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours) following the last dose. Considerable variation in total SDM tissue concentration among fish within a sampling period was observed. For fish ( n = 12) at six hours post-dose, total SDM concentrations ranged from 1.4–24.8 μg/mL and 0.6–12.6 μg/g, with mean total SDM concentrations of 9.1 μg/mL and 5.3 μg/g for plasma and muscle, respectively. However, a mean plasma:muscle concentration ratio of 1.8:1 ± 0.3:1 was obtained over all concentrations and sampling periods. The plasma:muscle 95% t distribution interval for individual fish was 1.2:1 to 2.4:1. A correlation coefficient of 0.967 was obtained for the relationship between plasma and muscle total SDM concentration among individual fish ( n = 25). Results of this study indicate that plasma total SDM concentration may be used to identify samples containing violative SDM muscle residue. No fish contained total SDM muscle residues greater than the FDA tolerance (0.1 μg/g) by 48 hours following the final dose. 相似文献
16.
气相色谱－质谱法测定猪尿中地西泮 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了猪尿中地西泮的气相色谱-质谱（GC／MS）检测方法。样品经C18固相萃取柱净化后进行气相色谱-质谱测定。结果表明,方法定量限为0．5μg/L,线性范围为10～500μg/L。在三个添加浓度2、4、6μg/L水平上,地西泮的平均回收率为70％～120％,批内相对标准偏差〈20％、批间相对标准偏差〈12％。 相似文献
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Harkins JD Woods WE Lehner AF Fisher M Tobin T 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2001,24(1):7-14
Clenbuterol is a beta2 agonist/antagonist bronchodilator marketed as Ventipulmin and is the only member of this group of drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in horses. Clenbuterol is a class 3 drug in the Association of Racing Commissioners International (ARCI) classification system; therefore, its identification in postrace samples may lead to sanctions. Recently, the sensitivity of postrace testing for clenbuterol has been substantially increased. The objective of this study was to determine the 'detection times' for clenbuterol after administration of an oral clinical dose (0.8 g/kg, b.i.d.) of Ventipulmin syrup. Five horses received oral clenbuterol (0.8 g/kg, b.i.d.) for 10 days, and urine concentrations of clenbuterol were determined by an enhanced enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) test and gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analysis by two different methods for 30 days after administration. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, urine concentrations of apparent clenbuterol, as measured by ELISA, averaged about 500 ng/mL, dropping to about 1 ng/mL by day 5 posttreatment. However, there was a later transient increase in the mean concentrations of apparent clenbuterol in urine, peaking at 7 ng/mL on day 10 postadministration. The urine samples were also analysed using mass spectral quantification of both the trimethylsilyl (TMS) and methane boronic acid (MBA) derivatives of clenbuterol. Analysis using the TMS method showed that, at 24 h after the last administration, the mean concentration of recovered clenbuterol was about 22 ng/mL. Thereafter, clenbuterol concentrations fell below the limit of detection of the TMS-method by day 5 after administration but became transiently detectable again at day 10, with a mean concentration of about 1 ng/mL. Derivatization with MBA offers significant advantages over TMS for the mass spectral detection of clenbuterol, primarily because MBA derivatization yields a high molecular weight base peak of 243 m/z, which is ideal for quantitative purposes. Therefore, mass spectral analyses of selected urine samples, including the transient peak on day 10, were repeated using MBA derivatization, and comparable results were obtained. The results show that clenbuterol was undetectable in horse urine by day 5 after administration. However, an unexpected secondary peak of clenbuterol was observed at day 10 after administration that averaged approximately 1 ng/mL. Because of this secondary peak, the detection time for clenbuterol (0.8 g/kg, b.i.d. x 10 days) is at least 11 days if the threshold for detection is set at 1 ng/mL. 相似文献
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建立了猪肝脏、肾脏、肌肉和脂肪中盐酸沃尼妙林的高效液相色谱检测方法并研究盐酸沃尼妙林预混剂在猪体内各组织中的残留消除规律。对24头健康猪以200mg/kg的剂量混饲给药21d。在停药后0、6、12、18、24、36h分别宰杀4头猪,采集各组织进行药物残留测定。方法的检测限为0.025～0.062 5μg/g,定量限为0.05～0.1μg/g,肝脏的平均回收率为75.5%～76.4%,变异系数为2.3%～3.8%;肾脏的平均回收率为75.8%～78.5%,变异系数为4.1%～6.0%;肌肉的平均回收率为79.3%～80.0%,变异系数为3.0%～4.7%;脂肪的平均回收率为76.7%～77.3%,变异系数为3.3%～5.4%。结果表明,盐酸沃尼妙林在肝脏中残留量最高,肾脏其次;肌肉和脂肪中的残留量显著低于肝脏和肾脏,停药24h时,残留量低于定量限;停药36h时残留量均低至检测限以下。盐酸沃尼妙林预混剂在猪组织中消除迅速,建议休药期为2d。 相似文献