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1.
A novel and convenient synthesis of isocyanic acid (HNCO) and its trimer isocyanuric acid has been obtained by the conversion of nitric oxide (NO). Nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen mixed in helium at the level of 0.3 to 5 percent reacted over iridium and palladium catalysts at 280 degrees to 450 degrees C to form HNCO in 60 to 75 percent yield. Major side products were ammonium cyanate at low temperature and ammonia or nitrogen at high temperature. Total conversion of nitrogen from NO to NCO reached 73 percent over palladium and 86 percent over iridium. 相似文献
2.
白云卧牛组织培养的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用白云卧牛的叶片和茎段为外植体 ,接种于 4种分化培养基中 ,以 MS+ BA1.0 + NAA0 .2的分化率最高 ,达 75 .36% .将不定芽接种于增殖培养基上 ,通过双因素试验比较各培养基的增殖率 ,以 MS+ BA2 .0 + NAA0 .0 1的增殖率最高 ,可达 6.82 % .切取不定芽丛转入复壮培养基中 ,观察发现 BA的浓度、糖的种类和不同氮源对复壮有一定的影响 .2 0 d后将单个不定芽转入生根培养基中 ,采用正交试验获得最佳培养基 ,2 5 d就能长出大量粗壮的根 ,可进行炼苗种植 相似文献
3.
以15N研究烤烟对饼肥和秸秆肥中氮素的吸收与分配 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
应用^15N稳定性同位素示踪技术,研究了^15N-菜籽饼肥和^15N-秸秆肥与无机肥不同配比和不同施肥方法等不同处理中烤烟对饼肥和秸秆肥中氮素的吸收利用效果。结果表明：（1）烤烟各器官来自肥料的氮（NDFF％）随着饼肥和秸秆肥施用量的增加而增加,且有顶权〉上部叶〉中部叶〉下部叶〉茎〉根的趋势;（2）烤烟对饼肥中氮素利用率显著高于秸秆肥,饼肥组合中在下部叶成熟时达到高峰,以后稍有降低,且以25％饼肥＋75％硝铵全基施利用率最高,达到40．07％。秸秆肥组合中以25％秸秆肥＋75％全基施利用率最高,且各处理烟株整个生育期利用率持续上升,不利于上部烟叶落黄成熟;（3）秸秆肥处理的回收率较饼肥处理的普遍要高,都在90％左右,土壤残留率高,不利于前期烟草的生长。饼肥处理中以25％饼肥＋75％硝铵全基施的回收率较高,达到81．80％;（4）土壤“AN”值以25％饼肥＋75％硝铵基追各半和25％秸秆肥＋75％硝铵基追各半最高,说明土壤有机肥施用量不宜偏高,一般以保持中等施肥水平较好。 相似文献
4.
The two-filter method described by Thomas and LeClare was used to investigate the effects of trace concentrations of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide in dry nitrogen on the diffusion coefficient of radium A (polonium-218). Charged radium A was neutralized in 10 parts per million (ppm) nitrogen dioxide in dry nitrogen, in 8.3 ppm nitric oxide in dry 92 percent nitrogen and 8 percent oxygen, and in nitrogen with 20 and 80 percent relative humidity. No neutralization was seen in dry nitrogen, dry oxygen, dry air, or 10 ppm nitric oxide in dry nitrogen. The diffusion coefficient of the neutral radium A species was found to be 0.079 square centimeters per second, regardless of the relative humidity of the nitrogen gas atmosphere. Lower values were observed for charged species. 相似文献
5.
Isolated cat papillary muscles were exposed to gas mixtures containing carbon dioxide and oxygen. In muscles exposed during the second of three periods to 25 percent oxygen, the volume of oxygen consumed (Q(o2)) was depressed by 50 percent, but returned to the control level during a third period at 98 percent oxygen. The work capacity was not significantly altered if the partial pressure of oxygen was low. 相似文献
6.
Niemann HB Hartle RE Hedin AE Kasprzak WT Spencer NW Hunten DM Carignan GR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1979,205(4401):54-56
Measurements of the composition, temperature, and diurnal variations of the major neutral constituents in the thermosphere of Venus are being made with a quadrupole mass spectrometer on the Pioneer Venus orbiter. Concentrations of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, molecular nitrogen, atomic oxygen, and helium are presented, in addition to an empirical model of the data. The concentrations of the heavy gases, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and molecular nitrogen, rapidly decrease from the evening terminator toward the nightside; the concentration of atomic oxygen remains nearly constant and the helium concentration increases, an indication of a nightside bulge. The kinetic temperature inferred from scale heights drops rapidly from 230 K at the terminator to 130 K at a solar zenith angle of 120 degrees , and to 112 K at the antisolar point. 相似文献
7.
Results from the neutral mass spectrometer carried on the aeroshell of Viking 1 show evidence for NO in the upper atmosphere of Mars and indicate that the isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen is similar to that of Earth. Mars is enriched in (15)N relative to Earth by about 75 percent, a consequence of escape that implies an initial abundance of nitrogen equivalent to a partial pressure of at least 2 millibars. The initial abundance of oxygen present either as CO(2) or H(2)O must be equivalent to an exchangeable atmospheric pressure of at least 2 bars in order to inhibit escape-related enrichment of (18)O. 相似文献
8.
Gaseous respiration by central mudminnows (Umbra limi), particularly their use of bubbles composed of gas mixtures other than air, may have evolved as an adaptation to the oxygen-depleted, carbon dioxide-rich water of winterkill lakes. Under simulated winterkill conditions, mudminnows frequently engulfed gaseous bubbles. Use of bubbles was not related to varying methane or nitrogen content (0 to 80 percent) when all bubbles contained 20 percent oxygen. When the oxygen content of bubbles varied (0 to 20 percent), fish visited bubbles randomly but remained longer and took fewer "breaths" at bubbles with high oxygen content. High temperature (16 degrees to 34 degrees C) and low pH (6.8 to 4.5) did not stimulate increased air-breathing when dissolved oxygen was sufficient. 相似文献
9.
为了建立快速检测猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒(HEV)的RT-PCR方法,根据GenBank中HEV的HE基因和S基因设计了1对引物,在优化RT-PCR反应条件的基础上,成功的扩增出323bp的特异性条带。检测与HEV亲缘性较高的牛冠状病毒及猪的伪狂犬病毒均为阴性,最低可以检测到10个TCID50/100μl的病毒,说明该方法的有较好的特异性和敏感性。用此RT-PCR方法对感染HEV的小鼠和猪进行检测,结果能从发病动物的多种组织中检测到病原,其中以脑组织的检出率最高。因此,临床疑似病例检测时以脑组织为最佳检测样本。 相似文献
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以静松灵复合麻醉制剂0.2 mL.kg-1对犬颈部肌肉注射,在麻醉前后对犬循环、呼吸功能进行监测,同时观察犬的麻醉效果。结果表明,静松灵复合麻醉剂具有很好的镇静、镇痛、肌松作用,麻醉效果确实。麻醉期间,对呼吸和心率具有轻微的抑制作用;血氧饱和度在整个监测的过程中始终保持在90%以上。综合分析表明,静松灵复合麻醉剂可以满足犬临床常规手术的需要。 相似文献
13.
During certain treatments of decompression sickness following dives made with compressed air, the U.S. Navy advocates breathing helium-oxygen mixtures. However, stable nitrogen bubbles created within gelatin by decompression have been found to enlarge when the atmosphere was switched from nitrogen to helium without changing ambient pressure. This suggests that decompression sickness would be worsened by switching from nitrogen to helium in the breathing gas mixture. 相似文献
14.
The reactions of nitrogen dioxide with cyclohexene have been studied as a model for the reactions that occur between nitrogen dioxide in smoggy air and unsaturated fatty acids in pulmonary lipids. As predicted from earlier studies at high nitrogen dioxide concentrations, this gas reacts with cyclohexene predominantly by addition to the double bond at nitrogen dioxide concentrations of 1 percent (10,000 parts per million) to 40 percent in nitrogen; in the presence of air or oxygen, this reaction initiates the autoxidation of the alkene. However, at concentrations below 100 parts per million in nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide reacts with cyclohexene almost exclusively by abstraction of allylic hydrogen; this unexpected reaction also initiates the autoxidation of the alkene in the presence of oxygen or air, but it leads to the production of nitrous acid rather than of a product containing a nitro group attached to a carbon atom. The nitrous acid can react with amines to produce nitrosamines. Moreover, the nitrite ion produced by the hydrogen abstraction mechanism would be expected to diffuse throughout the body, unlike nitrated lipids that would be confined to the pulmonary cavity. These findings have been confirmed with methyl oleate, linoleate, and linolenate; some of the kinetic features of the nitrogen dioxide-initiated autoxidation of these unsaturated fatty acids have been studied. 相似文献
15.
以南方运动场常用草坪草兰引3号结缕草为材料,用不同形态氮配制的营养液(T1:100%硝态氮、T2:75%硝态氮 25%铵态氮、T3:50%硝态氮 50%铵态氮、T4:25%硝态氮 75%铵态氮、T5:100%铵态氮、T6:100%酰胺态氮)进行砂培试验,通过分析草坪盖度、草坪密度、草丛高度、地上部和地下部生物量及叶片叶绿素含量等指标,研究了不同形态氮对草坪草生长和草坪质量的影响.结果显示:硝态氮、铵态氮和酰胺态氮都能促进兰引3号结缕草的生长;硝态氮、铵态氮以及硝态氮 铵态氮混合处理之间,对草坪草的生长和草坪质量的影响差异不显著;酰胺态氮处理的草坪草,其密度、盖度、草丛高度、草坪草地上部及地下部生物量都明显低于硝态氮、铵态氮和硝态氮 铵态氮混合处理;75%铵态氮 25%硝态氮可以作为兰引3号结缕草氮肥施用的最佳配比. 相似文献
16.
Hydrogen sulfide redtuces the lethal effect of x-rays in dry spores by about 50 percent when given after irradiation, and by approximately 75 percent when present during irradiation. The first effect is the result of removal of radicals that are toxic when combined with oxygen; the second, the removcal of radicals that become toxic in the absence of oxygen. With these results we construct an explanation of the action of sulfhydryl compounds in protection against radiation damage. 相似文献
17.
【目的】了解果园土壤有机碳矿化在不同温度下对不同绿肥施用量的响应关系,为构建果园生态系统的碳循环模型提供参数。【方法】采用室内培养模拟试验（培养期85 d）,在10、20、30℃等3个温度条件下,探讨化肥和绿肥不同比例（不施肥、100%氮肥、75%化学氮肥+25%绿肥、50%化学氮肥+50%绿肥、25%化学氮肥+75%绿肥、100%绿肥;各处理氮肥施用水平均为0.15 g N/kg风干土）还园量对果园土壤有机碳矿化特征的影响。【结果】各施肥处理土壤有机碳矿化速率均表现为培养前期保持较高水平,之后快速下降,培养后期保持相对稳定的趋势;土壤有机碳矿化累积排放量为1439.4~4732.8 mg/kg,全绿肥处理土壤CO2累积排放量最大;土壤有机碳矿化速率随温度升高而增长,不同的土壤绿肥还园处理土壤有机碳矿化的温度敏感性（Q10）不同,以不施肥处理土壤有机碳矿化的温度敏感性最低,25%氮肥+75%绿肥处理最高,各处理间差异显著（P＜0.05）。【结论】10~30℃温度条件下,果园土壤有机碳矿化速率表现为培养前期高,之后快速下降,培养后期相对稳定的趋势。不同比例化肥和绿肥施用显著提高了果园土壤有机碳累计矿化量。氮肥、绿肥还田和温度的共同作用可使果园向大气中排放的CO2增加。 相似文献
18.
温度、盐度和体重对美国红鱼幼鱼呼吸和排泄的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了不同温度、盐度及体重对美国红鱼幼鱼呼吸和排泄的影响,结果表明,温度、盐度和体重对试验鱼耗氧率、排氨率影响显著 （P<005）。耗氧率随温度的升高而增大并呈指数相关。10～30℃时,排氨率和O/N比随温度升高而明显升高,并且排氨率与温度呈幂函数相关。呼吸Q10处于正常水平,而排泄Q10较低。当盐度10～40时,耗氧率和O/N比先降后升再降,排氨率先降后升;试验鱼耗氧率和排氨率均随体重的增加而下降,呈幂函数相关,但O/N比变化不显著。
研究了不同温度、盐度及体重对美国红鱼幼鱼呼吸和排泄的影响,结果表明,温度、盐度和体重对试验鱼耗氧率、排氨率影响显著 （P<005）。耗氧率随温度的升高而增大并呈指数相关。10～30℃时,排氨率和O/N比随温度升高而明显升高,并且排氨率与温度呈幂函数相关。呼吸Q10处于正常水平,而排泄Q10较低。当盐度10～40时,耗氧率和O/N比先降后升再降,排氨率先降后升;试验鱼耗氧率和排氨率均随体重的增加而下降,呈幂函数相关,但O/N比变化不显著。 相似文献
19.
Weiss RF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,168(3928):247-248
The isotope effect in the solution of helium in water from 0 degrees to 40 degrees C has been determined by microgasometric measurements of the solubilities of pure helium-3 and helium4. At 0 degrees C helium-3 is less soluble than helium-4 in both distilled water and sea-water by 1.2 percent. The observed fractionation factor is 0.988+/-0.002 at 0 degrees C and appears to decrease with increasing temperature at the rate of 0.0001 per degree Centigrade, although the existence of this trend is of limited statistical certainty. The measured isotope effect is in agreement with the ratio of helium-3 to helium-4 in surface ocean water reported by Clarke, Beg, and Craig. 相似文献
20.
Large volumes of a gas consisting of 69 percent molecular oxygen and 31 percent molecular nitrogen with trace amounts of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane have been found trapped inside skeletons of the common hydrozoan Millepora. Volumes were low in the morning and reached a maximum by late afternoon. The oxygen was probably produced by the endolithic (boring) algae, with which the Millepora skeletons are very heavily infested. Oxygen production by endolithic algae in Millepora and in other substrates could influence estimates of reef productivity based on measurements of dissolved gases. 相似文献