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大豆喷灌需水模数的探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在东北地区，667m^2产200kg大豆生育期总需水量一般为400mm；节水灌溉可为360mm；充分灌溉不宜超过480mm，大豆开花、结荚、彭粒期需水量为总量的61%-66%；结荚期需水量不低于120mm，由于自然降水不足，一般年份应在大豆开花，结荚，彭粒期进行补充灌溉2-3次，每次喷灌水量为25-30mm；喷灌周期为7-10天。 相似文献
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甲醇溶液在大豆田应用效果初报高明杰（黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所·哈尔滨，１５００８６）大豆通报１９９７．２期科学试验甲醇是一种有机溶剂，美国农业科学家经过几年的试验表明，给作物喷洒适当浓度的甲醇，可使作物的生长速度加快一倍，使作物的灌水量减少一半，... 相似文献
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不同水分处理对滴灌大豆干物质积累及生理参数的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
研究滴灌大豆的干物质积累规律.设置295 mm、345 mm、395 mm、445 mm 4个不同的灌水处理,1个沟灌处理为对照对各处理的大豆株高、干物质积累、叶面积指数(LAI)、群体乍长牢(CGR)等参数进行分析结果表明:大豆株高随灌水量的增加而增加,LAI、CCR等随灌水量的增加而增加.滴灌大豆净同化率(NAR)在鼓粒期之后,随灌水量增加而降低;滴灌比沟灌更利于大豆干物质积累,在大豆生育期内较适宜的滴灌灌溉定额为395 mm～445 mm. 相似文献
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在大豆盛花期和结荚期,土壤水稳性团聚体数量达到最大值,比苗期增加30%.玉米区土壤在同一时期水稳性团聚体也达到最大值,比苗期增加23%.但在收获期,大豆区水稳性团聚体比苗期增长16%,而玉米区却减少33%.大豆区团聚体(0.5-1mm和1-2mm粒径)对水的稳定性指数比玉米高17.5%.从水分能量观点出发,易于被作物从中吸收有效水分的0.05-0.01mm和0.01-0.05mm的孔径孔隙,大豆区始终高于玉米区.作物吸收水分较困难的＞0.05mm和＜0.005mm孔径孔隙,在大豆生育期中迅速减少,至收获期仍低于玉米区. 相似文献
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大豆需水规律与灌溉增产效果研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
试验表明:大豆是需水较多的作物。为了保证其生育有一定的繁茂度,和促进生殖器官的健壮生长,增加开花、结荚数,一般在黑土地区苗期至分枝期土壤含水量占最大持水量的65—70％以下时,就要进行灌溉。但此时灌水量不宜过多,过多就会降低地温,影响生育或招致节间伸长,生育期易徒长倒伏。大豆在开花之后,鼓粒以前需水最多,土壤含水量在占最大持水量的85％时,生育最佳。但在大田条件下很难达到,一般占最大持水量的80％,就可满足需要。鼓粒后需水量虽逐渐减少,但也不能低于占最大持水量的75％,当降到70％以下时,即要进行灌溉。灌溉方法因地势和条件而不同。一般平地可沟灌,岗地需要喷灌,以满足大豆对水分的需要。 相似文献
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在大豆盛花期和结荚期 ,土壤水稳性团聚体数量达到最大值 ,比苗期增加 30 %。玉米区土壤在同一时期水稳性团聚体也达到最大值 ,比苗期增加 2 3%。但在收获期 ,大豆区水稳性团聚体比苗期增长 16% ,而玉米区却减少 33%。大豆区团聚体 (0 5 - 1mm和 1- 2mm粒径 )对水的稳定性指数比玉米高 17 5 %。从水分能量观点出发 ,易于被作物从中吸收有效水分的 0 0 5 - 0 0 1mm和 0 0 1- 0 0 5mm的孔径孔隙 ,大豆区始终高于玉米区。作物吸收水分较困难的 >0 0 5mm和 <0 0 0 5mm孔径孔隙 ,在大豆生育期中迅速减少 ,至收获期仍低于玉米区 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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M. D. Harrison Gestur Johnson R. D. Barmington 《American Journal of Potato Research》1970,47(10):386-393
A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly. 相似文献
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P. Mésochina W. Martin-Rosset † J.-L. Peyraud ‡ P. Duncan § D. Micol† S. Boulot¶ 《Grass and Forage Science》1998,53(2):189-196
Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R2= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r2= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r2= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r2= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands. 相似文献
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橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。 相似文献