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为了筛选优质的珍珠蚌插片组合,探究不同种类珍珠蚌相互插片后生长性状间的差异和相关性,以及各组合无核珍珠成珠率和大小的差异,利用三角帆蚌(S)、池蝶蚌(C)和褶纹冠蚌(Z)分别作为供片蚌和育珠蚌,获得9个育珠蚌组合,测量各育珠组合的体质量、壳长、壳高和壳宽,比较9个育珠蚌组合及3个未插片的三角帆蚌、池蝶蚌和褶纹冠蚌对照组在1年后生长性状的差异,对各生长性状相关性进行分析。测量每个育珠蚌所产无核珍珠的数量和大小,计算成珠率和圆度,分析不同组合之间无核珍珠的差异。结果显示,无核育珠手术影响珍珠蚌的生长性能,以三角帆蚌和池蝶蚌为育珠蚌的组合生长性状均优于对照组,S-S育珠组合在以三角帆蚌为育珠蚌组合内生长最优,S-C和C-C育珠组合在以池蝶蚌为育珠蚌组合中生长最优,而以褶纹冠蚌为育珠蚌的组合插片后生长性状指标均小于对照组。其中除了池蝶蚌同种插片组合(C-C育珠组合)外,其余各育珠组合壳长与体质量间相关系数均高于其他生长性状间相关系数,C-C育珠组合壳宽与体质量相关系数最大;三角帆蚌和池蝶蚌之间的插片组合（S-S、C-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合）及褶纹冠蚌同种插片组合（Z-Z育珠组合）成珠率较高(91.67%~100%)。S-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合所育珍珠较圆但珍珠大小在各育珠组合内处于中等。研究表明,无核育珠手术改变珍珠蚌的生长性能,不同育珠组合生长性能存在差异,S-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合插片后生长性能较好,成珠率高,珍珠较圆但珍珠大小在各育珠组合中处于中等,该结果为探索不同珍珠蚌生长性状差异和相关性及其所产无核珍珠成珠率、大小的比较提供重要依据。 相似文献
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《水产学报》2020,(10)
为了筛选优质的珍珠蚌插片组合,探究不同种类珍珠蚌相互插片后生长性状间的差异和相关性,以及各组合无核珍珠成珠率和大小的差异,利用三角帆蚌(S)、池蝶蚌(C)和褶纹冠蚌(Z)分别作为供片蚌和育珠蚌,获得9个育珠蚌组合,测量各育珠组合的体质量、壳长、壳高和壳宽,比较9个育珠蚌组合及3个未插片的三角帆蚌、池蝶蚌和褶纹冠蚌对照组在1年后生长性状的差异,对各生长性状相关性进行分析。测量每个育珠蚌所产无核珍珠的数量和大小,计算成珠率和圆度,分析不同组合之间无核珍珠的差异。结果显示,无核育珠手术影响珍珠蚌的生长性能,以三角帆蚌和池蝶蚌为育珠蚌的组合生长性状均优于对照组,S-S育珠组合在以三角帆蚌为育珠蚌组合内生长最优,SC和C-C育珠组合在以池蝶蚌为育珠蚌组合中生长最优,而以褶纹冠蚌为育珠蚌的组合插片后生长性状指标均小于对照组。其中除了池蝶蚌同种插片组合(C-C育珠组合)外,其余各育珠组合壳长与体质量间相关系数均高于其他生长性状间相关系数,C-C育珠组合壳宽与体质量相关系数最大;三角帆蚌和池蝶蚌之间的插片组合(S-S、C-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合)及褶纹冠蚌同种插片组合(Z-Z育珠组合)成珠率较高(91.67%～100%)。S-S、S-C和C-C育珠组合所育珍珠较圆但珍珠大小在各育珠组合内处于中等。研究表明,无核育珠手术改变珍珠蚌的生长性能,不同育珠组合生长性能存在差异,S-S、S-C和CC育珠组合插片后生长性能较好,成珠率高,珍珠较圆但珍珠大小在各育珠组合中处于中等,该结果为探索不同珍珠蚌生长性状差异和相关性及其所产无核珍珠成珠率、大小的比较提供重要依据。 相似文献
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育珠蚌对环境的改变具有适应性,但若超过其适应范围,就会对育珠蚌的生长、发育甚至是生存产生危害。所以,养蚌育珠生产管理就是对水质环境进行适当的人为调控,为育珠蚌创造一个适宜的生活空间,惟有如此,才可能实现珍珠的优质高产,取得良好的效益。 相似文献
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三角帆蚌生长性状和内壳色与所产无核珍珠质量的相关性分析 总被引：2，自引：6，他引：2
为了研究供片蚌和育珠蚌对无核珍珠质量的影响,以三角帆蚌紫色选育系F5为材料,在插植无核珍珠前,测量了供片蚌和育珠蚌的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量等生长性状,检测了供片蚌内壳色颜色参数L、a、b、dE。经过18个月育珠,测量了育珠蚌的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量,计算其特定生长率,检测了育珠蚌内壳色颜色参数L、a、b、dE,测量了育珠蚌所产无核珍珠的颜色、大小、圆度、光泽和产珠量。结果发现,供片蚌生长性状与所产无核珍珠大小、圆度和产珠量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。供片蚌内壳色与无核珍珠颜色相关性极显著(r=-0.400~0.376,P<0.01),供片蚌dE值越大所产紫色珍珠比例越高、dE值越小所产白色珍珠比例越高。育珠蚌特定生长率与所产无核珍珠大小、光泽和产珠量相关性极显著(r=0.237~0.516,P<0.01),相关程度为体重> 壳长> 壳宽> 壳高,育珠蚌特定生长率与所产无核珍珠圆度相关性极显著(r=-0.284~-0.256,P<0.01),相关程度为壳长>体质量>壳宽>壳高。育珠蚌内壳色与所产无核珍珠颜色、大小、圆度、光泽和产珠量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。综合各性状相关性分析,改良供片蚌内壳色可以改良珍珠颜色,改良育珠蚌的生长性状可以改良珍珠大小、光泽、圆度和产珠量。 相似文献
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淡水珍珠养殖技术（四）：育珠蚌的养殖管理 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
１育珠水域环境条件要求育珠蚌生活在水中，水环境不仅决定育珠蚌能否生存和生长，而且直接影响到养殖珍珠的产量和质量。因此对水域环境的选择十分重要。１．１水面大小水面不能太小要求６０００米２以上。尤其是封闭式静水体的水面，如果水面太小，水质环境变化大、不稳定，影响育珠蚌的生长。１．２水深水深１．５～４．０米的水面可育珠，最好２～３米，低于１米或高于５米均不宜养殖。水过浅，水温变化大，影响水质的稳定性。水过深，则下层水温低，影响营养物质循环，饵料生物难于满足育珠蚌的要求，对育珠蚌生长不利。１．３水源水源… 相似文献
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插片育珠对三角帆蚌耗氧率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用流水法现场比较研究了不同季节(夏季和秋季)育珠和未育珠三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cummingii)的耗氧率。所用三角帆蚌为养殖在同一个池塘中的同一批的3龄蚌。夏季和秋季实验所用的育珠蚌插片后的养殖时间分别为83 d和128 d。实验结果表明,夏季育珠蚌(蚌重137.6 g±14.4 g)的耗氧率为(769±267)mg/(kg·h),显著低于未育珠蚌(蚌重100.3±15.0 g)的耗氧率[(1 146±265)mg/(kg·h)]。秋季育珠蚌(蚌重144.2 g±16.2 g)的耗氧率[(632±191)mg/(kg·h)]与未育珠蚌(蚌重134.4±17.9 g)的耗氧率[(601±137)mg/(kg·h)]相比无显著差异。无论夏季或秋季,育珠蚌和未育珠蚌耗氧率在夜间均高于白天。在夏季将育珠蚌和未育珠蚌连续饥饿3 d后其耗氧率均显著下降;而在秋季连续饥饿3 d后育珠蚌和未育珠蚌耗氧率变化相对较小。本实验结果证实插片育珠可影响三角帆蚌耗氧率,但不会改变三角帆蚌耗氧率的昼夜节律;插片育珠对三角帆蚌耗氧率的影响程度因养殖季节而异。 相似文献
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金霉素在河蚌育珠中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
金霉素为广谱抗菌素,并具有生长刺激作用。几年来,我们在河蚌育珠生产中使用金霉素,收到较好效果。认为：金霉素有防止烂片、化脓,促使育珠蚌伤口提早愈合．促进珍珠成长,增强育珠蚌抗病能力及减少死亡等效果。具体情况如下： 相似文献
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四、育珠蚌的合理养殖和管理 1.育珠蚌的养殖密度 育珠蚌手术完成后,必须及时放入养殖水域中进行培育。手术后的育珠蚌在3～4小时内必须放入水质良好的水域进行培育,以袋养、笼养和网夹养殖的方式较为普遍。养殖密度视水质肥瘦、饵料生物丰欠等因素而定,一般养殖密度为每亩水面放养1000～2000只。以袋养或笼养为例,每袋(笼)放置2～3只育珠蚌,每袋(笼)间隔距离为25～30厘米,每条绳 相似文献
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对虾养殖池沉积环境中TOC_TP_TN和pH及质量评价模型 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
１９９５年冬季,研究了青岛地区即墨市丰城、王村、城阳区上马、流亭等乡镇的对虾养殖区８０个虾池沉积物中有机碳（ＴＯＣ）、总氮（ＴＮ）、总磷（ＴＰ）和ｐＨ与池龄的关系。结果表明,沉积物中ＴＯＣ随年代而积累,除即墨丰城泥沙质虾池外,与池龄成正线性相关,相关系数（γ）为０．７４２２￣０．８３３０（Ｐ＜０．０５）;沉积物中ＴＮ亦随年代而积累,所有调查区沉积物中ＴＮ与池龄成正线性相关,相关系数（γ）为０．４６０３￣０．８５７４（Ｐ＜０．０５）;沉积物中ＴＰ随年代而降低,与池龄成负线性相关,城阳流亭养殖区的相关系统（γ）为０．４２６１（０．１＞Ｐ＞０．０５）,其它养殖区（γ）为０．４９５６￣０．９０６０（Ｐ＜０．０５）。沉积物的ｐＨ与池龄的关系无规律可循。提出了虾池底质环境质量的评价模型。 相似文献
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Abstract. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the phenotypic coefficient of regression of weight gain on initial weight as a correction factor in genetic testing programmes. A correction factor is required in order to remove the biasing effect of variation in initial weight among genetic groups tested, on their weight gain. In a genetic testing programme, involving common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., the environmentally generated coefficient of regression of weight gain on initial weight was used as a correction factor. It was estimated with the aid of the'multiple nursing technique'. In other genetic testing programmes, not accompanied by multiple nursing, the phenotypic regression coefficient of weight gain on initial weight was used as a correction factor. These factors were compared by computing a series of each coefficientfrom a data set, consisting of the results of 10 yearly experiments and including 21 different experimental treatments. The results of this analysis showed that the phenotypic regression coefficient generated unreliable and often inflated estimates of the correction factor, relative to the estimate generated from multiple nursing, which we regard as reliable. Adequate genetic testing programmes therefore need to be accompanied by multiple nursing, unless test progenies are stocked at identical weights. 相似文献
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Protein in the diet (25 Vs 31%), stocking rate (100 Vs 200 fish per m3), and inclusion rate of pantothenic acid, vitamin B5, (10 Vs 20 mg/kg diet) were compared for their effects on blood plasma protein, albumin, urea-N, creatinine, plasma transaminase enzymes (AST and ALT), thyroxin (T3), and growth in Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. Blood total protein, albumin, ALT, T3, and growth were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in fish groups fed the high protein diet, while urea-N concentration in blood was significantly (P < 0.001) lower. Final body weight and daily weight gain were lower and food conversion rate was higher at the higher stocking density. Blood total protein, albumin, ALT, and T3 were lower in fish groups reared at high stocking density. Body weight and daily gain was significantly higher at the higher pantothenic acid inclusion level, while feed conversion ratio was lower. Blood total protein, albumin, ALT, and T3 were also elevated. The highest income to the system was from the group fed high protein, reared at low stocking density and fed diets supplemented with 10 mg vitamin B5. 相似文献
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Effect of dietary GroBiotic®‐A supplementation as a prebiotic on the intestinal microflora,growth performance,haemato‐serological parameters,survival rate and body composition in juvenile beluga (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1754) 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. Adel R. Safari S. Yeganeh M. Binaii M. Ghiasi S. Ahmadvand 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2017,23(3):492-499
The objectives of the present study were to investigate of GroBiotic®‐A (GBA) on growth, autochthonous intestinal microbiota and haemato‐serological parameters of beluga juvenile. A total of 180 fish (40.82 ± 5.81 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of GBA (0, 5, 10 and 20 g kg?1 diet) for 8 weeks. No significantly differences in body composition, total viable aerobic bacteria, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, albumin, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected between treatment groups. The fish fed on 10 and 20 g kg?1 GBA significantly showed higher lactic acid bacteria, final weight, body weight increases, weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio compared with the control and 5 g kg?1 groups. The group fed 20 g kg?1 GBA showed a highly significant difference in condition factor, survival rate, final length, total red and white blood cells, lymphocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, total protein, total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity. The specific growth rate of the treatment groups was significantly elevated compared with the control groups. These results indicated that GBA at level 20 g kg?1 improved growth, welfare and survival of beluga juvenile. 相似文献
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为探究不同投喂水平对黄鳝(Monopterus albus)生长、肠道消化酶活性及血清生理生化指标的影响,分别以初始体重为(68.85±0.44)g和(26.67±0.17)g的2种规格黄鳝为研究对象,大规格按照体重的2.8％、3.6％、4.4％和5.2％投喂;小规格按照体重的3.0％、4.0％、5.0％、6.0％和7.0％投喂;每个处理组设置3个重复,大规格组50尾/箱,小规格组100尾/箱,实验持续56d.实验结果显示,随着投喂水平的增加,2种规格黄鳝增重率、饲料系数、肝体比以及全鱼脂肪含量都显著升高(P＜0.05),但金鱼蛋白含量呈下降趋势.大规格黄鳝在投喂水平为4.4％和5.2％时增重率达到最高水平,且组间差异不显著(P＞0.05);大规格黄鳝肠道脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性随投喂水平的增加而显著升高(P＜0.05);大规格黄鳝血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、总胆固醇(TC)含量先升后降,血清甘油三脂(TG)含量呈上升趋势;大规格黄鳝在投喂水平为4.4％时,SOD和溶菌酶(LZM)活性达到组间较高水平.随着投喂水平的增加,小规格黄鳝肠道胰蛋白酶活性显著升高(P＜0.05);血清TG、TC含量升高,SOD活性降低,血糖含量呈先升后降趋势.在投喂水平为6％时,小规格黄鳝的SOD和LZM活性均处在较高水平.本研究表明,当大规格黄鳝投喂水平为4.4％、小规格黄鳝投喂水平为5％-6％时,黄鳝的生长性能达到较佳状态. 相似文献
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Siti Umey Syahirah Mat Nawang Fui Fui Ching Shigeharu Senoo 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(9):2591-2599
The effects of different tank background colours (green, black and white) on the growth performance and body coloration of juvenile river cafish, Pangasius hypophthalmus, were examined in this study. The experimental fish with an initial body weight (BW) 0.13 ± 0.05 g and total length (TL) 2.54 ± 0.37 cm were used, and groups of 15 fish per tank were randomly distributed. The experiment was conducted for 20 days as a triplicate for each treatment. Survival, growth in BW, body weight gain (BWG), total length (TL), total length gain (TLG), specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor, feed conversion ratio (FCR), swimming speed, body coloration and stress response were evaluated. River catfish reared in white and green tanks attained significantly higher BW, BWG, TL, TLG and SGR compared to the black tank. The white tank attained significantly better FCR compared to the black tank. River catfish showed the most active swimming behaviour in the green tank (5.49 ± 1.32 cm/s) while the least in the white tank (3.37 ± 0.93 cm/s). Body coloration of river catfish in the black tank showed almost pure black body coloration (75.59 ± 9.08), followed by the green tank (126.23 ± 17.46) and the white tank (148.19 ± 10.51). However, there was no significant difference in the stress level of river catfish reared in white and black tanks and insignificant to those reared in the green tank. The findings in this study showed that the white and green background colour tanks can be used for promoting growth of river catfish culture while the black background colour tank can enhance body coloration that is suitable as ornamental fish. 相似文献
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The effects of feeding level on growth, retention efficiency, faeces production and energy partitioning of redlip mullet were studied. A practical diet was used and fed at six levels from starvation, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% of body weight (BW) to satiation for 3 weeks. The temperature was kept at 24±1°C. Reducing the feeding amount resulted in significantly lower weight gain, and retention efficiency was significantly affected by feeding levels and attained the maximum at maximum feeding intake. Feeding 2% BW was the minimum required for fish to maintain growth. Fish carcass composition under different feeding levels could be divided into three groups: (1) starvation and FL1; (2) FL2 and FL3 and (3) FL4 and satiation, with significant differences among the groups but no differences in the groups except that ash content remained at constant value. Body composition of fish of group 2 was close to initial fish. The thermal‐unit coefficient was 0.0381 at satiation, and significantly increased with increasing feeding levels. In order to accurately estimate basal metabolism (HeE), another trial on the relationship between HeE (kJ) and BW (g) was carried out. An exponential curve as HeE=0.1255BW0.8386 explained this relationship. Intake energy (IE) increased from 11.30 to 63.08 kJ per fish, matching with different feeding levels. Energy allocated to growth of IE decreased with reducing feeding amount. There was a linear relationship between metabolism energy and retention energy in percentage. 相似文献
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中华绒螯蟹血淋巴和肝胰腺的总蛋白含量与性早熟的关系 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11
中华绒螯蟹扣蟹性腺发育与肝胰腺和血淋巴的蛋白质浓度相关.性早熟前后,雌雄扣蟹肝胰腺总蛋白浓度分别由(121.17±44.50)mg@g-1和(89.43±21.86)mg@g-1下降至(81.08±5.84)mg@g-1和(70.58±9.90)mg@g-1,雌性扣蟹的肝胰腺占体重的比值也由8.18%降至3.90%.血淋巴总蛋白浓度正常发育的雌性扣蟹为(99.55±12.06)mg@mL-1,明显高于性早熟雌性扣蟹的(72.26±17.87)mg@mL-1;而雄性扣蟹性早熟前后的血淋巴总蛋白浓度无显著差异.肝胰腺总蛋白浓度二秋龄雌蟹高于性早熟雌性扣蟹,但它们之间的血淋巴总蛋白浓度没有显著差异.二秋龄雄蟹的血淋巴和肝胰腺总蛋白浓度与性早熟雄性扣蟹相当,差异不显著. 相似文献