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1.
An 8-year-old Schnauzer bitch developed a placoid pigmented mass in the dorso-nasal quadrant of the fundus. A malignant melanoma was diagnosed on the basis of its ophthalmoscopic appearance and on its A and B scan ultrasonography features. Histopathology revealed that the mass was a heavily pigmented spindle B cell melanoma of the choroid. Bruch's membrane was ruptured and the retina was locally detached. The tumour had features similar to choroid melanomas in man which arise from nevi. A review of the literature and of 16 previously unpublished cases of primary canine uveal melanomas confirmed the prevailing impression that choroidal melanomas are rare in the dog. 相似文献
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M. H. Hablolvarid 《Equine Veterinary Education》2020,32(1):8-11
A 7-year-old grey horse that had a history of inappetence, weight loss, weakness, dyspnoea, coughing and intermittent colic was examined post-mortem. A melanoma, confirmed histologically, was found in the right adrenal gland and had eroded into the posterior vena cava. Thoracic metastases were also identified. The skin, including the legs, trunk and perineum was normal with no evidence of melanomas. This was considered to be a primary, malignant melanoma, a novel finding in the adrenal gland of the horse. 相似文献
3.
A 3-year-old-female, spayed Golden Retriever was examined for a unilateral retinal detachment with exophthalmos. Ultrasonographically, a mass was detected with intra- and extraocular extension. The orbit was exenterated and the dog recovered uneventfully. Histopathologic diagnosis was a primary choroidal melanoma with orbital extension, however, the behavioral and cytologic features were benign. Routine examinations postsurgically were nonremarkable. Twenty-one months after surgery the dog was euthanized for respiratory collapse with radiographic signs of metastasis. Necropsy revealed black lesions in the lung and liver. Histopathologic diagnosis was metastatic melanoma with morphology and behavior identical to the primary choroidal melanoma. This is the first definitive case of a canine choroidal melanoma with metastasis. 相似文献
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An 8‐year‐old grey Quarter Horse gelding was referred for evaluation of a rapidly growing mass associated with the third eyelid of the left eye. A pigmented mass of approximately 2 cm in diameter was palpated and visualised associated with the conjunctival lining of the nictitans. It was not possible to palpate normal nictitans deep to the base of the mass. A full dermatological examination revealed no other melanomas in common sites. Based on the size and rapid growth of the mass, surgical excision and one application of local chemotherapy was performed under general anaesthesia. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of malignant melanoma and the presence of clean surgical margins. There was no recurrence at 5 weeks post surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary malignant melanoma of the third eyelid in a horse. 相似文献
5.
Miwa Y Matsunaga S Kato K Ogawa H Nakayama H Tsujimoto S Sasaki N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(8):821-823
A 7-year-old intact female golden Retriever was referred for evaluation of an intraorbital mass of the left eye. Based on ophthalmoscopy, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the tentative diagnosis was made as an intraocular neoplasia, especially choroidal melanoma. The orbital exenteration of the affected eye was performed. The mass was histologically diagnosed as malignant choroidal melanoma. No signs of recurrence and metastasis were detected by thoracic radiographs, blood examinations and MR images, and the dog was clinically healthy for 23 months after operation. 相似文献
6.
Conjunctival malignant melanoma in a horse 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A case of malignant melanoma originating from the conjunctiva of a horse is reported. The tumor exhibited locally aggressive behavior as evidenced clinically by recurrence following two treatment episodes including surgical excision on each occasion and one application of cryotherapy. The orbit was subsequently exenterated and histologically malignant conjunctival melanoma was confirmed. Histopathologic features included variable pigmentation with amelanotic sites demonstrating marked cellular and nuclear pleomorphism with high numbers of mitotic figures. Cords of neoplastic cells invaded the sclera and cornea. Following exenteration, the horse exhibited no recurrence of the tumor for five years before being lost to follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first report of primary malignant conjunctival melanoma in a horse. 相似文献
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A 2‐month‐old filly was evaluated for severe colic. Ultrasound, abdominocentesis and physical examination findings prompted an abdominal exploratory surgery. Perforation of the stomach was discovered during the surgery. The filly was humanely subjected to euthanasia under anaesthesia and post mortem examination was performed. In addition to gastric and duodenal ulceration, a thickened, black area of the proximal oesophagus was discovered. Histopathology of the lesion revealed primary malignant melanoma. Although rare, primary melanoma can occur in noncutaneous locations. 相似文献
8.
Elizabeth A. Wood Zhanping Lu Shuai Jia Anna L. F. V. Assumpo Matthew A. Van Hesteren Mike K. Huelsmeyer David M. Vail Xuan Pan 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2020,18(3):269-280
MLN4924 (pevonedistat) is a potent and selective NEDD8‐activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor. The NEDD8‐regulated neddylation system is responsible for the regulated degradation of intracellular proteins with important cellular functions in cancer cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis. In human melanoma, inhibition of NAE results in induction of DNA re‐replication, S phase cell cycle arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis. The study aimed to assess the anti‐cancer effect of MLN4924 on canine malignant melanoma cell lines and patient samples and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Canine melanoma cell lines and primary patient samples were evaluated for cell viability after incubation with varying concentrations of MLN4924 or dimethyl sulfoxide. Apoptosis, cell proliferation and senescence assays were performed to address underlying mechanisms of MLN4924‐mediated anti‐tumour effects. Gene expression of seven previously identified deregulated genes in human melanoma was compared in sensitive vs resistant samples. MLN4924 treatment significantly reduced the viability of canine melanoma cell lines and primary samples in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manners. MLN4924 promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cell growth through induction of DNA re‐replication and cell senescence. While the majority of canine melanoma samples demonstrated sensitivity at nanomolar ranges, some samples were resistant to the treatment. Modulation of P21 levels correlated with canine melanoma cell sensitivity. These results provided justification for further exploration of MLN4924 as a treatment of canine melanoma. 相似文献
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A two‐and‐a‐half year‐old male Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) was referred for evaluation of an intraorbital mass involving the right eye. Based on ophthalmic examination and ultrasonography, a diagnosis of intraocular neoplasia was made. Enucleation of the affected eye was performed. The mass was histologically diagnosed as a primary malignant intraocular signet‐ring cell melanoma. No signs of recurrence were detected, and the hamster remained clinically healthy until it died 6 months after surgery. This case report attempts to contribute to the limited body of knowledge available in the literature on primary intraocular neoplasms in hamsters. 相似文献
10.
Franziska Schmid Daniela Brodesser Martin Reifinger Sara Forte Pia Semp Matthias C. Eberspcher‐Schweda Markus Wolschek Sabine Brandt Miriam Kleiter Barbara Pratscher 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2019,17(3):211-220
Canine oral malignant melanoma (COMM) is a potentially lethal cancer disease. We established primary cell lines from mostly amelanotic primary COMM and metastases and assessed lesions and derived cells for Melan A, PNL2 and CD146 expression. Then, migration and invasion of CD146‐enriched vs ‐depleted COMM cells were analysed. Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) was addressed by Vimentin‐staining and MMP2/MMP9 zymography. Phagocytic behaviour was analysed by histopathological examination and phagocytosis assay. While Melan A‐ and PNL2‐staining yielded inconsistent data, 100% of COMM sections and primary cells showed CD146 expression, suggesting that this protein may serve as a prognostic marker. An overall correlation between CD146‐expression and migration/invasion was not observed. All primary cell lines consistently expressed Vimentin and secreted biologically active MMP2, indicating that they had undergone EMT. Importantly, COMM sections exhibited cell‐in‐cell structures, and all primary cell lines exhibited phagocytic activity, supporting the concept that cell cannibalism may have a role in COMM progression. 相似文献
11.
Sudden unilateral blindness occurred in a 7-year-old grey gelding Quarterhorse. Ophthalmoscopy revealed a pigmented mass arising from the nasal ciliary body of the right eye and extending around the posterior surface of the lens, and there were pigmented particles in the vitreous. Examination of the enucleated globe showed a circumscribed, black, dense and symmetrically ovoid mass with sessile attachment to the nasal ciliary region and extension to posterior lens capsule, vitreous and along the vitreal face of the detached retina to the optic papilla. The mass was composed of heavily pigmented, plump, polyhedral cells that invaded the vitreous and the inner limiting membrane of peripapillary retina and optic papilla. It was considered to be a primary, malignant, intraocular melanoma arising from a large uveal nevus. 相似文献
12.
Manley CA Leibman NF Wolchok JD Rivière IC Bartido S Craft DM Bergman PJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(1):94-99
Background: Malignant melanoma of dogs is a highly aggressive neoplasm and is the 2nd most common digit tumor. Metastatic disease is a common sequela for which few effective treatment options exist. Studies show that xenogeneic tyrosinase DNA vaccination yields immune responses and prolongation of survival in dogs with oral malignant melanoma. Objectives/Hypothesis: Describe clinical findings and tumor characteristics of a cohort of dogs with digit malignant melanoma, and evaluate the prognostic utility of a proposed staging system. Determine if a novel xenogeneic DNA vaccine is safe and potentially effective for treatment of dogs with digit melanoma. Animals: Fifty‐eight dogs with digit malignant melanoma treated at the Animal Medical Center between 2004 and 2007. Methods: Retrospective, medical records review of dogs with digit melanoma treated with xenogeneic DNA vaccine. Results: Overall median survival time (MST) for dogs treated with loco‐regional control and xenogeneic DNA vaccine was 476 days with a 1‐year survival rate of 63%. MST for dogs presenting with metastasis was 105 days versus 533 days for dogs presenting without metastasis (P < .0001). Forty‐eight percent of the dogs in the latter group were alive at 2 and 3 years. A proposed staging system proved prognostic with stages I–IV dogs surviving >952, >1,093, 321, and 76 days, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The xenogeneic murine tyrosinase DNA vaccine was safe and appears effective when used in conjunction with local and regional disease control. The proposed staging system was prognostic in this study and future studies might benefit from utilizing this staging system. 相似文献
13.
Effects of low‐dose cyclophosphamide with piroxicam on tumour neovascularization in a canine oral malignant melanoma‐xenografted mouse model 
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下载免费PDF全文 N. Choisunirachon T. Jaroensong K. Yoshida K. Saeki M. Mochizuki R. Nishimura N. Sasaki T. Nakagawa 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2015,13(4):424-432
Low‐dose cyclophosphamide (CyLD) has shown promise in the treatment of several cancers; however, the effect of CyLD on canine oral malignant melanoma has never been explored. In this study, we investigated the effects of CyLD with or without piroxicam (Px) on tumour neovascularization and vascular normalization in a canine oral malignant melanoma‐xenografted mice model. After treatment with CyLD, Px or a combination of both (CyPx), the growth of the tumour in the treatment groups was significantly suppressed compared to the control group at 30 days of treatment. Proliferation index was also significantly reduced by all treatments, only CyPx significantly lowered microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Additionally, CyLD significantly reduced the proportion of normal vessels and caused an imbalance between VEGF and thrombospondin‐1. These results suggested that CyPx has potent anti‐angiogenic effects in terms of both the number and quality of blood vessels in xenografted canine oral malignant melanoma. 相似文献
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A 5-year-old, mixed-breed dog was presented for tetraparesis. Neurologic alterations included a decreased menace response in both eyes. Therefore, an ophthalmic examination was requested. The dog was visual, but menace response, dazzle and pupillary light reflexes were reduced bilaterally. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed bilateral optic nerve coloboma and severe choroidal hypoplasia. These lesions closely resembled the ophthalmoscopic features of Collie eye anomaly (CEA). In spite of treatment, the dog's condition worsened and the animal was therefore euthanized. Histology of the globes confirmed severe choroidal hypoplasia and optic disc coloboma in both eyes. The dog was diagnosed to have a lymphoma involving the spinal cord. The two entities were considered not related. As only moderate sight impairment was caused by the posterior segment anomalies, it is by chance that these lesions resembling CEA were found in this mixed-breed dog. 相似文献
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R W Bertoy A H Brightman K Regan 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,192(1):87-89
An 11-year-old cat with an intraocular melanoma was treated for 2 years for the secondary effects of the tumor (glaucoma, exposure keratitis) before enucleation was required. One year after enucleation, the cat was examined because of labored breathing. The cat was thin, appeared depressed, and had signs of respiratory compromise secondary to pleural effusion. Treatment was not instituted, and the cat was euthanatized. Metastasis of the primary melanoma to the lungs, pericardium, parietal pleura, mediastinum, hilar lymph nodes, diaphragm, liver, and omentum was confirmed at necropsy. Intraocular melanomas in the cat have been implicated to have a greater malignant potential than those in the dog; however, few cases have been reported with long-term follow-up information. 相似文献
17.
de Blaauw JA Rijkenhuizen AB van Nieuwstadt RA Grinwis GC Back W 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2003,128(17):512-518
Two grey mares, a 12-year-old Arabian and a 13-year-old Lippizaner cross, were referred for chronic pelvic limb lameness and abduction of the limb during the non supporting phase of the stride. The clinical examination revealed melanomas under the tail and on the perineum, and oedema of the proximal lame limb. A mass in the pelvic area was detected on rectal palpation. Laparoscopy was performed and the provisional diagnosis of malignant melanoma was made. Histological examination of the biopsy taken under laparoscopic control from the mass in the pelvis confirmed the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. In the postmortem examination a large black mass in the pelvis and metastases in several organs were diagnosed. The process under the tail showed microscopically the characteristics of dermal melanomatosis. The metastases showed the appearance of a malignant melanoma. The lameness and abduction during the non supporting phase of the stride were possibly caused by a combination of pain, a mechanical limitation, and paresis/paralysis. When an older grey horse with melanomas on the predilection sites is submitted with pelvic limb lameness and abduction of the limb during the non supporting phase of the stride, a malignant melanoma in the pelvis is one of the differential diagnoses and a rectal examination should be performed. Diagnostic laparoscopy in the standing horse can be useful to confirm the provisional diagnosis. 相似文献
18.
Richard J. McMullen Alison B. Clode Arun Kumar R. Pandiri† David E. Malarkey‡ Tammy Miller Michau Brian C. Gilger 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2008,11(S1):44-50
A case of epibulbar melanoma in a 6-month-old, gelded, chestnut Hanoverian foal is reported. The location and clinical appearance upon initial presentation led to the tentative diagnosis of staphyloma or a congenital mass of unknown origin. An attempt was made to surgically excise the mass under general anesthesia, but due to its infiltrative nature and intraoperative appearance, most, but not all was removed without compromising the integrity of the globe. Histopathological evaluation revealed a multinodular to packeted, poorly demarcated, unencapsulated, infiltrative exophytic melanocytic neoplasm composed of bundles and nests of plump spindloid to polygonal heavily pigmented epithelioid neoplastic cells interspersed with pigment-laden macrophages within a fine fibrovascular stroma. Upon examination after enucleation, neoplastic cells were found to infiltrate into the lateral cornea, sclera and the choroid. This is a unique case of an epibulbar melanoma with choroidal invasion in a foal. Based on the sudden onset and rapid growth as well as the histological evidence of invasion, well-differentiated features, heavy pigmentation, and no apparent mitoses, this neoplasm was considered to be a low-grade malignant melanoma. At 14 months after excision there is no evidence of recurrence. 相似文献
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This paper describes the occurrence of a rare skin tumour that has been removed surgically from the upper lip of a 13-year-old Tibetan spaniel. The tumour was 0.5 cm in diameter and macroscopically appeared as a single dermal mass, but histopathological analysis identified it as a biphasic collision mixed tumour. In the anatomically uniform tumour, 70% (4 mm in diameter) of the total parenchyma was formed by a high-grade sarcoma (with the presence of giant cells), and about 30% of it (1 mm in diameter) was a malignant melanoma (again with the presence of giant cells). The histologically distinct, but anatomically uniform tumour parts were separated by a macroscopically invisible, non-neoplastic epithelial process originating from the overlying hyperplastic epidermis. The two malignant components did not infiltrate the peritumoural vessels and each other's substance. In the sarcoma part, the mitotic and apoptotic indexes were 32 and 8, respectively, whereas in the melanoma part the same parameters were 10 and 6, respectively. During the immunohistochemical investigations anti-α-SMA, anticytokeratin AE1-AE3, anti-Melan-A, anti-Ki-67 and anti-claudin-5 antibodies were applied. In conclusion, this is the first report of a primary cutaneous malignant biphasic collision mixed tumour formed by an anaplastic sarcoma with giant cells and a malignant melanoma. 相似文献