共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Density of corneal endothelial cells, corneal thickness, and corneal diameters in normal eyes of llamas and alpacas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
OBJECTIVE: To determine density of corneal endothelial cells, corneal thickness, and corneal diameters in normal eyes of llamas and alpacas. ANIMALS: 36 llamas and 20 alpacas. PROCEDURE: Both eyes were examined in each camelid. Noncontact specular microscopy was used to determine density of corneal endothelial cells. Corneal thickness was measured, using ultrasonographic pachymetry. Vertical and horizontal corneal diameters were measured, using Jameson calipers. RESULTS: Values did not differ significantly between the right and left eyes from the same camelid. There was no significant effect of sex on density of corneal endothelial cells or corneal thickness in either species. Mean density of endothelial cells was 2,669 cells/mm2 in llamas and 2,275 cells/mm2 in alpacas. Density of endothelial cells decreased with age in llamas. Polymegathism was observed frequently in both species. Mean corneal thickness was 608 microm for llamas and 595 microm for alpacas. Corneal thickness and density of endothelial cells were negatively correlated in llamas. Older (> 36 months old) llamas had significantly larger horizontal and vertical corneal diameters than younger llamas, and older alpacas had a significantly larger vertical corneal diameter than younger alpacas. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Density of corneal endothelial cells is only slightly lower in camelids than other domestic species. Density of endothelial cells decreases with age in llamas. Age or sex does not significantly affect corneal thickness in normal eyes of llamas and alpacas. Specular microscopy is useful for determining density of corneal endothelial cells in normal eyes of camelids. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To establish the central corneal thickness (CCT) of normal koi fish by ultrasonic pachymetry, and its relationship to age, sex, body length and corneal diameter. METHODS: Age, sex and body length of 33 koi fish (17 male and 16 female fish) were recorded. Horizontal and vertical corneal diameters of each eye were obtained using Jameson calipers. Central corneal thickness of all eyes was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry. Intraocular pressure (IOP) by rebound tonometry was obtained for a subgroup of nine koi (18 eyes). RESULTS: Mean central corneal thickness was 325.9 microm. Central corneal thickness of female koi was greater than CCT of male fish (P < 0.01). Central corneal thickness increased with increasing age overall and within both sexes (P < 0.01). Central corneal thickness increased with increasing body length (P < 0.001). For male and female fish, CCT increased with increasing horizontal and vertical corneal diameters (P < 0.01). Mean horizontal corneal diameter (HCD) was 8.05 mm, mean vertical corneal diameter (VCD) was 7.38 mm, and HCD was consistently greater than VCD. Mean IOP of a subgroup of these koi was 4.9 mmHg by rebound tonometry. CONCLUSIONS: Koi CCT increases with increasing age, body length and corneal diameter. 相似文献
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Assessment of corneal thickness,intraocular pressure,optical corneal diameter,and axial globe dimensions in Miniature Horses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
OBJECTIVE: To determine corneal thickness, intraocular pressure (IOP), and horizontal and vertical corneal diameter (HCD and VCD) and to obtain axial measurements of the anterior chamber depth (ACD), crystalline lens thickness (CLT), vitreous chamber depth (VtCD), and axial globe length (AGL) in eyes of Miniature Horses. ANIMALS: 41 healthy Miniature Horses. PROCEDURE: Ocular component measurements were obtained via ultrasonic pachymetry, applanation tonometry, ultrasound, and by use of a Jameson caliper. RESULTS: Mean IOP and corneal thickness for all eyes were 26.0 mm Hg and 785.6 microm, respectively. There was no correlation of age with IOP or corneal thickness and no difference in these variables between right and left eyes or between females and males. Mean HCD andVCD were 25.8 and 19.4 mm, respectively; although there were no differences between sexes or between right and left eyes, there was positive correlation of optical corneal diameters with increasing age. Mean ACD, CLT, VtCD, and AGL were smaller in Miniature Horses (5.6, 10.0, 18.1, and 33.7 mm, respectively), compared with values for full-sized horses; there was no difference in these variables between sexes or between right and left eyes in Miniature Horses, but they were correlated with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In Miniature Horses, corneal thickness and IOP are similar to values reported for full-sized horses and do not increase with advancing age. Vertical corneal diameter, HCD, and AGL increase until 5, 7, and 2 years of age, respectively. 相似文献
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Wright K 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2003,6(1):155-167
Many captive amphibians have high serum or plasma cholesterol and concomittant lesions such as corneal lipidosis and xanthomas. The underlying cause of this disorder is unknown, but it is likely that a diet high in cholesterol plays a role. The metabolism of lipids in healthy amphibians remains poorly documented, which makes it challenging to interpret the findings in affected specimens. Affected amphibians should be maintained on a low-cholesterol diet and fed sparingly, and their captive environment modified to provide an optimal temperature gradient for thermoregulation. 相似文献
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Yeruh I van Straten M Elad D 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(8):409-410
An unusual case of entropion, corneal ulcer and corneal haemorrhages in a one-humped camel (Camelus dromedaries) is described. The most prominent clinical findings were entropion of both eyelids, severe blephrospasm, epiphora, conjunctivitis, conjunctival oedema, mucopurulent conjunctival discharges, hyperaemia, lacrimation and photophobia. Corneal ulcers and corneal haemorrhages were also observed. 相似文献
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Feline corneal disease 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Moore PA 《Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice》2005,20(2):83-93
The cornea is naturally transparent. Anything that interferes with the cornea's stromal architecture, contributes to blood vessel migration, increases corneal pigmentation, or predisposes to corneal edema, disrupts the corneas transparency and indicates corneal disease. The color, location, and shape and pattern of a corneal lesion can help in determining the underlying cause for the disease. Corneal disease is typically divided into congenital or acquired disorders. Congenital disorders, such as corneal dermoids are rare in cats, whereas acquired corneal disease associated with nonulcerative or ulcerative keratitis is common. Primary ocular disease, such as tear film instability, adenexal disease (medial canthal entropion, lagophthalmus, eyelid agenesis), and herpes keratitis are associated with the majority of acquired corneal disease in cats. Proliferative/eosinophilic keratitis, acute bullous keratopathy, and Florida keratopathy are common feline nonulcerative disorders. Nonprogressive ulcerative disease in cats, such as chronic corneal epithelial defects and corneal sequestration are more common than progressive corneal ulcerations. 相似文献
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B C Anderson 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(10):1138-1139
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Weigt AK Herring IP Marfurt CF Pickett JP Duncan RB Ward DL 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(6):906-915
OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of cyclophotocoagulation via administration of 100 J with a neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser on corneal touch threshold (CTT), intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous tear production, and corneal nerve morphology in eyes of dogs. ANIMALS: 15 dogs. PROCEDURE: Noncontact Nd:YAG laser was transsclerally applied (10 applications; 25 W for 0.1 seconds for each application to each of 4 quadrants) to the ciliary body of the left eye of 15 dogs; the right eye was the control eye. Corneal integrity, CTT, tear production as measured by the Schirmer tear test (STT), and IOP were evaluated for 14 days following laser treatment. On day 14, dogs were euthanatized, eyes harvested, and corneas stained with gold chloride. Major nerve bundles were analyzed by use of a drawing tube attached to a light microscope, and maximum diameters were measured by use of image analysis software. RESULTS: All laser-treated eyes had significantly higher CTT values, compared with control eyes. Six of 15 laser-treated eyes developed ulcerative keratitis. On most days, IOP was significantly lower in laser-treated eyes in both morning and evening. Laser-treated eyes had a significant decrease of approximately 1 nerve bundle/corneal quadrant. Values for STT or nerve bundle diameters did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of 100 J with a Nd:YAG laser effectively reduced IOP while increasing CTT and caused a significant decrease in number, but not diameter, of major corneal nerve bundles. Nerve damage and corneal hypoesthesia are etiologic factors in ulcerative keratitis following Nd:YAG cyclophotocoagulation. 相似文献
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Dylan G. Buss Elizabeth A. Giuliano Ajay Sharma† ‡ Rajiv R. Mohan † ‡ 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2010,13(1):37-42
Objective To establish an in vitro model for the investigation of equine corneal wound healing. To accomplish this goal, a protocol to isolate and culture equine corneal keratocytes, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts was developed.
Animal material Equine corneal buttons were aseptically harvested from healthy research horses undergoing humane euthanasia for reasons unrelated to this study. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy was performed prior to euthanasia by a board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist to ensure that all samples were harvested from horses free of anterior segment disease.
Procedure Equine corneal stroma was isolated using mechanical techniques and stromal sub-sections were then cultured. Customized media at different culture conditions was used to promote growth and differentiation of corneal stromal cells into keratocytes, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts.
Results Cell culture techniques were successfully used to establish a method for the isolation and culture of equine corneal keratocytes, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-smooth muscle and F-actin was used to definitively differentiate the three cell types.
Conclusion Equine corneal stromal keratocytes, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts can be predictably isolated and cultured in vitro using this protocol. 相似文献
Animal material Equine corneal buttons were aseptically harvested from healthy research horses undergoing humane euthanasia for reasons unrelated to this study. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy was performed prior to euthanasia by a board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist to ensure that all samples were harvested from horses free of anterior segment disease.
Procedure Equine corneal stroma was isolated using mechanical techniques and stromal sub-sections were then cultured. Customized media at different culture conditions was used to promote growth and differentiation of corneal stromal cells into keratocytes, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts.
Results Cell culture techniques were successfully used to establish a method for the isolation and culture of equine corneal keratocytes, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-smooth muscle and F-actin was used to definitively differentiate the three cell types.
Conclusion Equine corneal stromal keratocytes, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts can be predictably isolated and cultured in vitro using this protocol. 相似文献
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Andrew SE Ramsey DT Hauptman JG Brooks DE 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(4):479-482
OBJECTIVE: To determine density of corneal endothelial cells and corneal thickness in eyes of euthanatized horses. SAMPLE POPULATION: 52 normal eyes from 26 horses. PROCEDURE: Eyes were enucleated after horses were euthanatized. Eyes were examined to determine that they did not have visible ocular defects. Noncontact specular microscopy was used to determine density of corneal endothelial cells. Corneal thickness was measured, using ultrasonic pachymetry or specular microscopy. RESULTS: Mean density of corneal endothelial cells was 3,155 cells/mm2. Cell density decreased with age, but sex did not affect cell density. Values did not differ significantly between right and left eyes from the same horse. Cell density of the ventral quadrant was significantly less than cell density of the medial and temporal quadrants. Mean corneal thickness was 893 microm. Sex or age did not affect corneal thickness. Dorsal and ventral quadrants were significantly thicker than the medial and temporal quadrants and central portion of the cornea. We did not detect a correlation between corneal thickness and density of endothelial cells in normal eyes of horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Density of corneal endothelial cells decreases with age, but corneal thickness is not affected by age or sex in normal eyes of horses. The technique described here may be useful for determining density of endothelial cells in the cornea of enucleated eyes. This is clinically relevant for analyzing corneal donor tissue prior to harvest and use for corneal transplantation. 相似文献
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Wagner F Meyer-Lindenberg A Heider HJ Görig C Nolte I 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(9-10):427-431
In order to establish reference values for corneal sensitivity in ophthalmologically healthy persians (n = 40) and domestic short hair cats (n = 60) a prospective study was conducted. Furthermore corneal sensitivity in 48 cats with a corneal sequestrum was measured. Corneal sensitivity was recorded with the help of the aesthesiometer according to Cochet and Bonnet in five different corneal locations (central, nasal, dorsal, temporal, and ventral). The sensitivity for the central corneal region was recorded as amounting to 3.58 +/- 0.56 cm in ophthalmologically healthy domestic short hair cats and to 2.97 +/- 0.58 cm in healthy persian cats. The sensitivity of the central corneal area of a cat with a corneal sequester only amounts to 2.03 +/- 0.53 cm. Between the diseased and the healthy eyes no statistical difference could be demonstrated for any of the measured corneal locations. The sensitivity of the peripheral corneal locations is significantly lower than that of the central corneal region in all three groups examined. 相似文献
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Moore PA 《Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice》2003,18(3):416-177
Chronic corneal epithelial defects (CCEDs; indolent corneal ulcerations) are the most common refractory ulcerations in veterinary medicine and are diagnosed by their classic appearance. CCEDs are superficial ulcerations without stromal involvement and have a nonadherent epithelial border (lip). Fluorescein stain adheres to the exposed stroma and extends below the epithelial border, outlining the epithelial lip. CCEDs occur secondary to adnexal disease, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, exposure keratitis, neurotrophic keratitis, and primary corneal disease. In cats, herpes keratitis is associated with the development of CCEDs. Bacterial infections are not responsible for the refractory nature of CCEDs. Because of the refractory nature of CCEDs, treatment can be frustrating for both owner and veterinarian. Current treatment recommendations consist of identifying and treating the underlying cause and performing procedures that stimulate epithelialization and adhesion of the corneal epithelium. Initial treatment of CCEDs includes ulcer debridement and grid keratotomy. Superficial keratectomy is indicated in refractory cases. 相似文献
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Qu L Yang X Wang X Zhao M Mi S Dou Z Wang H 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,179(3):392-400
The integrity and transparency of the cornea plays a key role in preserving vision. This paper reports a procedure to create an artificial sheet of corneal epithelium from cryopreserved limbal stem cells (LSCs) and to use this for corneal transplantation. Corneal LSCs were isolated from biopsy specimens of rabbit limbal lamellar and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen at 2–4 passages. The cells were grown in culture medium for 12–14 days on top of a cell-free human amniotic membrane framed on a nitrocellulose sheet. The corneal epithelium generated was transplanted into the right eyes of 14 LSC deficient (LSCD) rabbits (seven experimental animals, seven controls) with corneal damage. The seven LSCD rabbits in the experimental group were transplanted with a corneal epithelial sheet generated from the cryopreserved corneal LSCs. Four LSCD rabbits were used as the vehicle control and were transplanted with a cell-free amniotic membrane, and the remaining three LSCD rabbits were negative controls without transplantation. Over a 2-month recovery period, 2/7 animals in the experimental group recovered completely, four recovered partially and one did not respond. In the control groups, three negative controls and three vehicle controls lost their vision completely, and one of the vehicle controls partially recovered transparency of the cornea Following treatment, corneal transparency of the experimental rabbits was significantly improved compared to controls (P < 0.05). The results indicated that cryopreserved corneal LSCs can repair damaged rabbit cornea, suggesting a possible new clinical approach to reconstruction of corneal epithelium. 相似文献
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Joo Youn Oh † ‡ Mee Kum Kim † ‡ Hyun Ju Lee † ‡ Jung Hwa Ko † ‡ Won Ryang Wee † ‡ Jin Hak Lee † ‡ 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(S1):50-56
Objective Although variations exist between species with respect to outcomes after cryopreservation, little is known about the differences in the susceptibility of the corneal stroma to cryoinjury. We performed this study to investigate freeze–thaw-induced damage in keratocytes and collagen in rabbit, pig, and human corneas.
Animals studied Rabbit, pig, and human.
Procedures We prepared 250-μm-thick anterior stroma from rabbit, pig, and human corneas after scraping off the epithelium and endothelium. Each 250-μm-thick corneal stroma without epithelium was placed in a 50-mL tube, frozen with liquid N2 for 15 min and taken out to thaw rapidly at 37 °C. This procedure of rapid freezing and thawing was repeated three times. Differences between the species with respect to cells and collagen structures were examined using hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We orthotopically transplanted the pig and rabbit corneal transplants after the triple freeze–thaw cycle into rabbit eyes and evaluated graft survival.
Results On gross examination, rabbit corneas became opaque after the triple freeze–thaw procedure, while pig and human corneas remained transparent. Histologically, keratocytes were apoptotic on TUNEL assay and TEM in rabbit, pig, and human corneas. Collagen fibrils were fragmented and the arrangement of collagen fibrils was severely disturbed in rabbit corneas on H&E staining and TEM; collagen was well preserved in pig and human corneas. Rabbit corneal stroma underwent autolysis after transplantation, whereas the pig corneal stroma remained clear for 1 month.
Conclusions Our study showed that rabbit corneal stroma was more susceptible to freeze–thaw injury than pig and human corneas. 相似文献
Animals studied Rabbit, pig, and human.
Procedures We prepared 250-μm-thick anterior stroma from rabbit, pig, and human corneas after scraping off the epithelium and endothelium. Each 250-μm-thick corneal stroma without epithelium was placed in a 50-mL tube, frozen with liquid N
Results On gross examination, rabbit corneas became opaque after the triple freeze–thaw procedure, while pig and human corneas remained transparent. Histologically, keratocytes were apoptotic on TUNEL assay and TEM in rabbit, pig, and human corneas. Collagen fibrils were fragmented and the arrangement of collagen fibrils was severely disturbed in rabbit corneas on H&E staining and TEM; collagen was well preserved in pig and human corneas. Rabbit corneal stroma underwent autolysis after transplantation, whereas the pig corneal stroma remained clear for 1 month.
Conclusions Our study showed that rabbit corneal stroma was more susceptible to freeze–thaw injury than pig and human corneas. 相似文献