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1.
含笑、木莲引种育苗试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对木兰科深山含笑、乐昌含笑、金叶含笑、峨眉含笑,桂南木莲、红花木莲、乳源木莲等树种引种育苗试验结果表明,采取"浸种消毒,温室砂床催芽,芽苗移植,容器育苗,上方遮荫保湿,适时防治幼苗病害,喷施磷钾肥液增强苗木抗寒力"等技术措施,可使当年生苗木生长健壮,安全越夏越冬。其苗木生长:含笑属树种>木莲属树种;峨眉含笑>乐昌含笑>深山含笑>金叶含笑;乳源木莲>红花木莲>桂南木莲;同一种含笑,湖南种源>江西种源。苗木寒害(-5～-6℃):木莲属树种<含笑属树种;金叶含笑<深山含笑<乐昌含笑<峨眉含笑;桂南木莲<红花木莲<乳源木莲;同一种含笑,江西种源>湖南种源。 相似文献
2.
含笑、木莲属树种生态复合拟生栽培试验 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
在江苏省苏南低山丘陵南京、无锡地区引种木兰科常绿阔叶树(含笑、木莲),根据其引进树种的生物学特性、生态习性,针对幼龄期怕高温日灼,需荫蔽、温湿条件的特性,采用景观绿化树种金丝垂柳、无患子、黄山栾树、马褂木等进行了生态复合混交配置拟生栽培。因伴生树种的侧方遮荫作用,显著改善了下层含笑、木莲苗木生长空间的小气候条件,形成了幼龄适生的生态环境,保障了苗木免遭高温日灼危害,促进了苗木速生。研究结果为异地引种木兰科常绿阔叶树,培育含笑、木莲绿化苗木提供了适宜的栽培模式。 相似文献
3.
10个木兰科树种北移引种试验初报 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对10种木兰科树种进行北移引种试验,比较不同树种在我国北亚热带和暖温带过渡地区河南省西南部的适应性及引种潜力。采用1～2 a生容器苗和地栽苗移栽,按常规水肥管理,并观测苗期在极端气候条件下的旱害和冻害等适应性状指标。结果表明,除观光木外,其余都能适应河南西南部的气候条件,生长基本正常,部分树种已开花结果。在-3℃～-4℃气温下,观光木受冻率达100%,冻害指数为V级,苗木地上部分冻死。1年生红花木莲,由于苗较小,受冻率为5%～30%,冻害指数I～II级,部分叶片受害。在持续秋旱60天的极端干旱气候条件下,采用每天人工早晚浇水一次,引种成活的9种木兰科植物均具有较强的抗旱适应性,受害率不到1%,仅有极少数植株发生枯梢受害。 相似文献
4.
在北亚热带苏南丘陵地区无锡惠山森林公园坡地引种浙江杭州种源深山含笑、乐昌含笑试验表明,深山含笑、乐昌含笑能适应无锡气候和惠山森林公园山坡立地条件,正常生长发育。在与苹果幼树(4 m×6 m)行间混交条件下,5年生深山含笑平均树高达4.02 m,胸径6.15 cm,45%植株开花结实;乐昌含笑平均树高达4.15 m,胸径7.6 cm,已达绿化大苗标准。引种深山含笑、乐昌含笑除在-7℃下1~2年生苗有较轻度叶冻害外,3~5年生苗木未见明显冻害。 相似文献
5.
含笑种源引进及测定评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在北亚热带宁镇丘陵地区和太湖孤山丘陵地区引种原产中亚热带丘陵山区5种含笑种源试验结果表明,幼龄期生长量乐昌含笑>金叶含笑>深山含笑>醉香含笑>阔瓣含笑;长沙种源苗期抗寒性深山含笑>乐昌含笑>醉香含笑;高温日灼抗性乐昌含笑>金叶含笑>阔瓣含笑>醉香含笑>深山含笑;对持续60d秋旱的抗性深山含笑>乐昌含笑>醉香含笑。除醉香含笑历年在-5℃条件下会产生明显冻害外,幼龄期供试其他各种含笑均能适应引种的气候及圃地立地条件,正常生长发育。在供试种源中,浙江杭州种源深山含笑和乐昌含笑生长较好,适应性强,是值得扩繁应用的优良种源。而醉香含笑适应性较差,不宜在宁镇丘陵地区引种。安徽黄山种源深山含笑长势较差,抗寒性、抗旱性较差,亦不宜继续引种。 相似文献
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深山含笑引种苗期试验初报 总被引：18，自引：7，他引：11
育苗试验表明,原分布在中亚热带的深山含笑基本能适应北亚热带南京地区的气候,正常生长发育。其种子发芽出土、形成幼苗需要较高积温,在塑料薄膜棚内,约需４０ ｄ。苗期生长呈单峰“∧”字形,４～６ 月生长缓慢,生长量占全年１４－４ ％ ;７ ～９ 月速生,生长量占全年８１－６ ％ ;８ 月生长量呈现峰值,占全年３９－９ ％ ;１０ ～１１ 月生长趋于停滞。１ ａ 生苗高１１－５ ～２９－０ ｃｍ ,平均高２３－４ ｃｍ ;２ ａ生苗高６５ ～１０６ ｃｍ ,平均高９４－０ ｃｍ 。苗木不耐寒,在－ ４ ℃自然低温时,１ ａ 生苗寒害率达３０％ ,需采取防寒措施。叶面喷施硼、锌、锰、镁等微量元素和磷钾肥液,能显著促进生长,减轻寒害。苗木高生长与气温、日照、蒸发量关系密切,适当减少日照,降低蒸发,增温保湿是保障引种的关键。 相似文献
10.
五种木兰科树种栽培对比试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以树种的单位面积保存株数、平均树高、平均胸径、平均冠幅和单位面积蓄积量作为监测因子,对福建省建瓯市小松镇上仰村引种的12年生巴东木莲、马褂木、红花木莲、金叶含笑、阔瓣含笑5种木兰科树种生长情况进行调查分析,结果表明:树高生长量由高到低排列顺序为马褂木>金叶含笑>巴东木莲>阔瓣含笑>红花木莲;胸径生长量由高到低排列顺序为马褂木>金叶含笑>红花木莲>巴东木莲>阔瓣含笑;单位面积蓄积量由高到低排列顺序为马褂木>金叶含笑>巴东木莲>阔瓣含笑>红花木莲。说明马褂木和金叶含笑较适合当地生长,其余树种应进一步开展引种栽培试验。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
19.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
20.
A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献