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1.
施磷量与小麦产量的关系及其对土壤、气候因素的响应 总被引：4，自引：6，他引：4
2.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(4):631-644
It is desirable to know the distribution of phosphorus (P) fractions in soil so that plants may use P efficiently. Here we report the dynamics of inorganic and organic P in P-deficient black and rice soil cropped by soybean, white lupin, and maize supplied with nitrogen (N) inputs by N fixation and urea fertilizer. Inorganic P fractions of the three cropped soils could be ranked as O-P (organic phosphorus) > Al-P (aluminum phosphorus) > Fe-P (iron phosphorus) > Ca10-P (calcium-10 phosphorus) > Ca8-P (calcium-8 phosphorus) > Ca2-P (calcium-2 phosphorus), irrespective of soil type. The potential of various inorganic P fractions to plant nutrition differed between soybean and white lupin. The percentage of total P present as inorganic P was affected by crop, soil type, and N source. In black soil, the change of organic P fraction induced by N fixation was larger than by urea application. The moderately labile organic P (MLOP) concentration was not affected significantly by soil type and crop species, and it was probably the main P source to the inorganic P fraction because the correlation between the two pools was high (r = 0.945; P < 0.05). Crop species differed in their uptake of inorganic and organic P from soil. Though P fraction concentrations varied between black soil and rice soil, their response to crop species and N source was similar. The amounts of P removed from soil were affected by N source. The right choice of crop species and the application a suitable N source may increase crop yield and P uptake by plant in P-deficient soils. 相似文献
3.
《Journal of plant nutrition》2012,35(3):335-353
AbstractSustainable food production includes mitigating environmental pollution and avoiding unnecessary use of non-renewable mineral phosphate resources. Efficient phosphorus (P) utilization from organic wastes is crucial for alternative P sources to be adopted as fertilizers. There must be predictable plant responses in terms of P uptake and plant growth. An 18-week pot experiment was conducted to assess corn (Zea mays L.) plant growth, P uptake, soil test P and P fractionation in response to application of organic P fertilizer versus inorganic P fertilizer in five soils. Fertilizers were applied at a single P rate using: mono-ammonium phosphate, anaerobically digested dairy manure, composted chicken manure, vegetable compost and a no-P control. Five soils used varied in soil texture and pH. Corn biomass and tissue P concentrations were different among P fertilizers in two soils (Warden and Quincy), with greater shoot biomass for composted chicken manure and higher tissue P concentration for MAP. Plant dry biomass ranged from highest to lowest with fertilizer treatment as follows: composted chicken manure?>?AD dairy?=?MAP?=?no-P control?=?vegetable compost. Soil test P was higher in soils with any P fertilizer treatment versus the no-P control. The loosely bound and soluble P (2.7?mg P kg?1) accounted for the smallest pool of inorganic P fractions, followed by iron bound P (13.7?mg P kg?1), aluminum bound P (43.4?mg P kg?1) and reductant soluble P (67.9?mg P kg?1) while calcium bound P (584.6?mg P kg?1) represented the largest pool of inorganic P. 相似文献
4.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(21):2756-2766
ABSTRACTBiochar has not been adequately used by farmers to improve the clay textured soil productivities in the world. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the co-application of biochar with different rates of phosphorus (P) fertilizer on selected soil physical properties and wheat yield on clay textured soil over two growth seasons. Biochar treatments occupied the main plots at a rate of 0.0 and 10 t ha?1, while the sub-plots were devoted to phosphorus rates at rates of 0%, 50%, 100%, and 150% of recommended P fertilizers. Biochar (10 t ha?1) and P at different rates decreased soil bulk density significantly. Meanwhile, it increased aggregate stability, saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil water retention significantly at (p < .05), and it improved the grain yield of wheat. More grain yields in the soil treated with biochar than untreated soil under all P application rates for both years were probably caused partially by more nutrients (N, P, and K) were applied from biochar itself. Grain yield of wheat in the soil-amended biochar and P did not increase significantly between the application at 50%, 100% and 150% P. The results of this study indicate that phosphorus blends with biochar can be used to decrease the bulk density of clay textured soils and to improve crop production in these soils. 相似文献
5.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(20):2553-2575
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) requires calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). Flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) and broiler litter ash (BLA) could be used as Ca and P fertilizer for peanuts. A pot study was conducted to determine the effects of BLA and FGDG on peanut yield and nutrient uptake compared to superphosphate (SP). Peanut kernel yields were 13.5 greater with BLA compared to SP. Kernel Ca concentration was 29% and P was 17% lower in in plants grown on the BLA compared to SP. Because of the high Ca content of the amended soil no significant difference was observed when FGDG was added. Micronutrients in kernel fertilized with BLA and FGDG were similar to superphosphate. The small difference in kernel Ca and P and the low levels of metals in the tissue between the BLA and SP demonstrate that BLA could be used as P source for peanuts. 相似文献
6.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(11-12):1359-1369
Abstract Foliar tissue in contrast to seed is considered a superior plant part for determining the nutrient‐element status of crops and soils. This study tested that generalization for oilseed, legume, and cereal crops. Internal phosphorus (P) requirements were estimated in pot culture experiments using a P deficient alkaline calcareous soil of Pakistan. The order of response (of grain yield) to P fertilization was rapeseed > wheat > lentil > chickpea. Phosphorus concentrations in whole shoots (≤ 30 cm) associated with 95% grain yields were: wheat and lentil, 0.28%; rapeseed, 0.27%; and chickpea, 0.18%. Critical P concentration in recently matured leaves were: chickpea, 0.39%; lentil, 0.33%; wheat, 0.30%; and rapeseed, 0.28%. Mature grains of crops, particularly of rape‐seed and chickpea, proved a good indicator tissue for evaluating P status of soils and plants. Phosphorus concentrations in seeds were associated with the P status of soil on which they grew. Internal P requirement in seeds were: rapeseed, 0.72%; chickpea, 0.37%; lentil, 0.26%; and wheat, 0.22%. 相似文献
7.
磷肥减施对玉米根系生长及根际土壤磷组分的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
8.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(19-20):3163-3175
Abstract Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the agronomic effectiveness of Panda Hills phosphate rock (PPR) from southwest Tanzania, its mixture with triple superphosphate (TSP), and a compacted mixture of Panda PR and TSP (PPR+TSP) for wheat, rape, maize, and soybean on two United States soils (Hiwassee and Windthorst). The mixture of Panda PR and TSP was prepared by mixing ground TSP with Panda PR in proportions such that 50% of the total phosphorus (P) in the final mixture was from TSP. The compacted product (PPR+TSP) was prepared by compacting some of the blended mixture of Panda PR and TSP into pellets using a laboratory scale Carver press followed by crushing and screening. The P rates applied to Hiwassee soil were 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg P kg‐1 for each P source and test crop while on Windthorst soil only one rate of application (50 mg P kg‐1) was applied to one test crop (rape). A lime treatment was also included on the Windthorst soil to enable evaluation of rape response to the different P sources under calcareous conditions. Wheat and rape were allowed to grow to maturity while maize and soybean were grown for six weeks only. The performance of the P sources as reflected by yield, P uptake and relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) followed the order TSP>>(PPR+TSP)>(PPR)+(TSP)>>PPR for wheat, rape, maize, and soybean on Hiwassee soil. Panda PR was very ineffective in increasing grain or dry‐matter yields of the test crops on this soil. The mixture of Panda PR and TSP as well as the compacted product increased wheat, maize, and soybean yields and P uptake significantly. The increases in yields were, however, largely attributed to the TSP component of the (PPR)+(TSP) mixture or its compacted product with little or no contribution from PPR. On the alkaline Windthorst soil, the performance of the P sources as reflected by rapeseed yield and RAE followed the order TSP= (PPR+TSP)>(PPR)+(TSP)>PPR. Remarkably compacted PPR and TSP was at par with TSP while PPR alone was 50% as effective as TSP in increasing rapeseed yield. Addition of lime drastically reduced the effective‐ness of Panda PR, but it had little or no effect on the agronomic effectiveness of the (PPR)+(TSP) mixture or its compacted product. 相似文献
9.
栽培模式及施肥对玉米和大豆根际土壤磷素有效性的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
栽培模式及施肥管理对作物吸收利用土壤磷素的影响较大,本研究为探明玉米/大豆套作系统作物根系交互作用下根际土壤无机磷组分动态变化特征,利用盆栽试验测定了玉米/大豆套作(M/S)、玉米单作(MM)和大豆单作(SS)3种栽培模式以及不施肥(CK)、施氮钾肥(NK)和施氮磷钾肥(NPK)3种施肥处理下玉米和大豆地上部生物量及吸磷量和根际与非根际土壤速效磷、无机磷组分含量,以期为优化玉米/大豆套作系统磷素管理提供理论依据。研究结果表明同一施肥水平下,套作玉米的籽粒产量显著高于单作玉米;施磷显著提高了单作玉米籽粒产量,而对套作玉米籽粒产量影响不大。无论施肥与否,套作大豆秸秆及籽粒产量均高于单作大豆。所有施肥处理均表现为套作模式下单株作物地上部磷积累量显著高于单作模式。玉米成熟期,CK、NK处理下套作玉米根际土壤速效磷含量分别比单作玉米高54.2%和71.8%;大豆始花期,NPK处理下套作大豆根际土壤速效磷含量比单作大豆高19.8%。大豆成熟期,NK、NPK处理下套作大豆根际土壤速效磷含量分别比单作大豆高23.8%和108.0%。无论是单作还是套作模式,玉米根际土壤Al-P含量在3个施肥处理下均低于非根际土壤。CK和NK处理下单作玉米根际土壤Al-P含量分别是套作玉米的1.19倍和1.22倍;NPK处理下单作玉米根际土壤Fe-P含量是套作玉米的1.21倍。在CK、NK和NPK施肥处理下,单作大豆根际土Al-P含量分别是套作大豆1.12倍、1.30倍和1.25倍,单作大豆非根际土Al-P含量分别是套作大豆的1.22倍、1.30倍和1.06倍。CK、NK处理下单作大豆根际土壤Fe-P含量分别是套作大豆的1.47倍和1.12倍。研究得出结论,低磷条件下,与单作相比,玉米/大豆套作更有利于作物对土壤Al-P、Fe-P的活化吸收。 相似文献
10.
AbstractA pot experiment was conducted to study the interaction effects of phosphorus and copper on wheat. The soils used were calcareous loamy sand (ls) and non calcareous sandy loam (sl). Four levels of Cu (0, 5, 10 and 20?mg Cu kg?1 soil) and six levels of P (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400?mg P kg?1 soil) were applied in all possible combinations with three replications. Soil pH decreased with Cu application while Olsen P increased with P application in both soils. Growth and yield of wheat improved significantly with graded levels of applied P. However, when any level of P was combined with 20?mg Cu kg?1 soil, severe iron chlorosis of leaves, a drastic reduction in growth and chlorophyll content was observed in calcareous ls only. The results indicated that it was Cu and not P that induced Fe deficiency in wheat grown in alkaline calcareous soil and the Cu requirement of the crop seemed to be much lower in the calcareous ls. Root dry matter, grain and straw yield decreased with increasing levels of applied Cu in ls but in sl maximum increase of 62.5, 74.3 and 63.7 per cent in root, grain and straw yield was observed with a combined application of 400?mg P and 5?mg Cu kg?1 soil over control. Accumulation of Cu in roots decreased the Fe absorption by roots which indicated that Fe chlorosis of wheat leaves is expected when Cu: Fe concentration ratio in root is > 0.30. 相似文献
11.
Jehan Bakht Mohammad Shafi Mohammad Tariq Jan Zahir Shah 《Soil & Tillage Research》2009,104(2):233-240
Management of N is the key for sustainable and profitable wheat production in a low N soil. We report results of irrigated crop rotation experiment, conducted in the North West Frontier Province (NWFP), Pakistan, during 1999–2002 to evaluate effects of residue retention, fertilizer N application and mung bean (Vigna radiata) on crop and N yields of wheat and soil organic fertility in a mung bean–wheat sequence. Treatments were (a) crop residue retained (+residue) or (b) removed (−residue), (c) 120 kg N ha−1 applied to wheat, (d) 160 kg N ha−1 to maize or (e) no nitrogen applied. The cropping system was rotation of wheat with maize or wheat with mung bean. The experiment was laid out in a spit plot design. Postharvest incorporation of crop residues significantly (p < 0.05) increased the grain and straw yields of wheat during both years. On average, crop residues incorporation increased the wheat grain yield by 1.31 times and straw yield by 1.39 times. The wheat crop also responded strongly to the previous legume (mung bean) in terms of enhanced grain yield by 2.09 times and straw yield by 2.16 times over the previous cereal (maize) treatment. Application of fertilizer N to previous maize exerted strong carry over effect on grain (1.32 times) and straw yield (1.38 times) of the following wheat. Application of N fertilizer to current wheat produced on average 1.59 times more grain and 1.77 times more straw yield over the 0 N kg ha−1 treatment. The N uptake in wheat grain and straw was increased 1.31 and 1.64 times by residues treatment, 2.08 and 2.49 times by mung bean and 1.71 and 1.86 times by fertilizer N applied to wheat, respectively. The soil mineral N was increased 1.23 times by residues, 1.34 times by mung bean and 2.49 times by the application of fertilizer N to wheat. Similarly, the soil organic C was increased 1.04-fold by residues, 1.08 times by mung bean and 1.00 times by the application of fertilizer N. We concluded that retention of residues, application of fertilizer N and involvement of legumes in crop rotation greatly improves the N economy of the cropping system and enhances crop productivity in low N soils. 相似文献
12.
An 8-year field study documented the impact of tillage, crop rotations, and crop residue management on agronomic and soil parameters at Brookings, South Dakota. The greatest annual proportion of above-ground biomass phosphorus (P) removed was from the grain (78–87% of total) although crop residue removed some P as well. Greater above-ground total biomass P (grain P + crop residue P) was removed from corn than from soybean and spring wheat crops mainly due to the greater corn grain biomass harvested. Cumulative above-ground biomass P removal was greatest for the corn-soybean rotation (214 kg P ha?1), while it was lowest for the soybean-wheat rotation (157 kg P ha?1). Tillage treatments within crop rotation or residue management treatments did not influence annual or cumulative P removal rates. Olsen extractable soil orthophosphate-P levels declined consistently through time from a mean of 40 µg g?1 (2004) to 26 µg g?1 (2011). Biomass P removal was calculated to be 15.7 ha?1 yr?1 to decrease Olsen extractable soil orthophosphate-P levels by 1 µg g?1 yr?1 over 8 years of the study. 相似文献
13.
Residues from biogas production contain essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) but also organic matter, and should be recycled in crop production. For efficient re‐use as fertilizers, the availability of nutrients for crops and the effect of the residues on soil fertility need to be evaluated. Focusing on the element P, we compared effects of codigested slurry with dairy slurry, highly soluble mineral NPK fertilizer, and a control without any P supply (NK). Codigested slurry used in this experiment was based on anaerobic digestion of dairy slurry, maize silage, and wheat grain. The fertilizing effects were tested in an 8‐week pot experiment on a sandy and a loamy soil using two crop species (Zea mays L., Amaranthus cruentus L.). The plant P uptake was up to 64% greater in the slurry treatments than in the treatment without P. The effect of codigested slurry on P uptake was comparable to that of dairy slurry and mineral P. Plant N uptake from codigested slurry was lower than that from mineral N (NK, NPK), but tended to be higher than from dairy slurry. The water‐soluble and double lactate–soluble P content of the soil was lower in the slurry treatments than in the mineral‐P treatments and accompanied by higher contents of microbial‐bound P. Differences between both organic fertilizers were detected for dehydrogenase activity which was up to 32% lower in soils fertilized with codigested slurry than it was in soils fertilized with dairy slurry. Our results indicate that codigestion of slurries in biogas plants does not substantially alter their fertilizer value as P and N sources for crops. 相似文献
14.
Holger Kirchmann Jon Wessling 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2017,67(8):693-696
An incubation study with fresh, frozen, and dried clover and rye-grass shoots gathered in autumn was performed in the laboratory (43 days). The aim was to study inorganic and organic phosphorus (P) release from plant material during decomposition without soil. Plant materials (2?cm size) were mixed with small glass beads and placed in large syringes for consecutive water extractions on 7 occasions. Leachates were analysed for inorganic and total P. At the first leaching event, 8% of total crop P was released from fresh, 24% from frozen and 27% from dried plant material. During decomposition, both inorganic and organic P was released following first order kinetics, with grass releasing mostly inorganic P and clover mostly organic P. After 43 days, 42%–50% of total crop P from fresh, 49%–51% from frozen and 57%–69% from dried material was released, with significant differences between treatments. Using the results in calculations on field scale showed that P released from overwintering crops under cold climate conditions can amount to several kg P ha?1. Thus, senescence of overwintering aboveground biomass can be a significant source for P leaching from soils. 相似文献
15.
《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):390-398
Abstract The relationship between plant phosphorus (P) uptake and soil microbial biomass phosphorus (biomass P) or available phosphorus (Truog P) was estimated in a Gleyic Andosol in Sapporo, Hokkaido, in a 4-year field trial (2004–2007). Every year, the soil was treated in duplicate (each plot 36?m2) or triplicate (each plot 24?m2) with chemical fertilizer, cow manure compost or sewage sludge compost, and then kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were planted. Pooled data of the shoot content of P at harvest over the 4?years was significantly correlated with biomass P determined 1?month after the application of fertilizer (P?<?0.01). A multivariate analysis revealed that the grain yield was significantly positively correlated with the shoot content of P (P?<?0.01) and significantly negatively correlated with the shoot content of calcium (P?<?0.05), but not correlated with the shoot content of either nitrogen or potassium. These results suggest that P is the most limiting element to affect the productivity of kidney bean plants in this trial and that biomass P is an important P source that explains the differences in P availability among soil amendments. Biomass P is a better indicator of P availability for kidney beans grown in Gleyic Andosols compared with Truog P, which is widely used in Japan. 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(4):541-554
The management of crop residues coupled with external nutrient inputs is important for improving and conserving soil fertility and productivity. We assessed the long-term effects of three wheat residue management options (RMO) (residue burning, incorporation, and surface retention) in combination with three supplementary nutrient inputs (SNI) [control, fertilizer, and farmyard manure (FYM)] on phosphorus (P) fractions and adsorption behavior of a Vertisol under soybean–wheat system. Wheat residue incorporation and retention improved the labile inorganic P [sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3-Pi)] by 3.2 and 5.0 mg kg?1 and the labile organic P (NaHCO3-Po) by 2.4 and 4.2 mg kg?1, respectively, as compared to residue burning. The soils under residue incorporation and retention had 38 and 26% more moderately labile organic P [sodium hydroxide (NaOH-Po)], respectively, than the soil under residue burning. The SNI either as fertilizer or FYM further enhanced NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, and NaOH-Po. In contrast, less labile P fractions [hydrochloric acid (HCl)-P and residual-P] remained unaffected by RMO and SNI treatments. Residue retention or incorporation decreased P adsorption over the residue burning for all the three nutrient inputs. The P-adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir equation (R2 ranged from 0.970 to 0.994). The P-adsorption maximum (b), bonding energy constant (k), differential P-buffering capacity (DPBC), and standard P requirement (SPR) were lower with residue incorporation or surface retention than with residue burning. The SPR followed the order residue burning > incorporation > retention for RMOs and control > fertilizer > FYM for SNI treatments. The NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-P0, and NaOH-Po had negative correlation with P-adsorption parameters and showed positive correlation with soybean P uptake. Wheat residue incorporation or retention plus FYM could be an effective strategy for enhancing the P fertility of Vertisols under a soybean–wheat system. 相似文献
17.
Carl-anders Helander 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(2):67-75
The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of white clover (var. Milka and Donna), red clover (var. Fanny) and ryegrass (var. Tove) undersown in winter wheat on a succeeding oat crop. Under the climatic conditions prevailing in Sweden, growing a catch crop after winter cereals is of particular interest because the latter are usually followed by a spring sown crop, leaving the ground bare during autumn and winter. Field trials were carried out during three growing seasons in an integrated farming system and for one year in an organic farming system. Competition from the dense wheat crop in the integrated farming system had a negative effect on the undersown species, and at harvest of the wheat they showed quite poor growth in all three years, with nitrogen contents under 5 kg ha?1. No significant yield increase was measured without added nitrogen when the averages for all three years were calculated. On average, the grain yields were improved by 750 kg ha?1 (14% moisture content) for the treatments with undersown clover for all three years when 90 kg N ha?1 were added. The experiment within the organic system showed a different pattern with a better development of the undersown clover species, with nitrogen contents approximately 25 kg ha?1 and an improvement in oat grain yield, from around 2?000 kg ha?1 for the control to almost 3?500 kg ha?1 with clover undersown the previous year. 相似文献
18.
A five-season experiment was initiated to study the effects of the recycling of some organic residues on a soil–crop system of a guar–wheat rotation in a sandy clay loam soil located in the semi-arid tropics of Sudan. Treatments included: incorporation of crop residues alone after harvest (Cr+), with (FCr+) or without (FCr?) inorganic fertilizer, sewage sludge (SS) and humentos (H). Grain yield of wheat in FCr+ and Cr+ treatments was significantly higher than that obtained in FCr? and control plots by ～22?62% and 116?119%, respectively. When crop residues were incorporated with inorganic fertilizer, the priming effect of crop residues on straw yield (106%) was almost double that of the priming effect of inorganic fertilizer (56%). The sustainable yield index of wheat straw dry matter for the control, crop residue, humentos, inorganic fertilizer, combined fertilizer and crop residue and sewage sludge was 28, 27, 8, 35, 21 and 38%, respectively. In general, N, P and K of straw dry matter (SDM) was in the order of FCr+ > FCr? > SS > Cr+> H > C. The findings suggest that repeated incorporation of crop residues with inorganic fertilizer and applications of SS could both sustain wheat performance in the dryland ecosystems. 相似文献
19.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15-16):2245-2257
Abstract An outdoor pot experiment was conducted using wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Lotti). Each pot was filled with the upper layer of either a Cambic arenosol (soil A) or a Dystric cambisol (soil B) removed from the correspondent lysimeter where a two‐year wheat experiment (1993–1995) had been carried out with an equivalent experimental design as in the present study. The main objectives of this research were (1) to study the effects of increasing applications (5, 15, and 25 t ha‐1) of solid phase from pig slurry (SP) on wheat yield and tissue elemental composition and (2) to investigate the risk of contamination of drainage water by leaching of phosphorus (P) and mineral nitrogen (Nmin) as a result of those applications to the soil. The control consisted of a basic dressing of NPK fertilizer. Results from the study showed that grain production was lower in the 5 and 15 t ha‐1 SP treatments compared to the control in soil A probably due to a potassium (K) deficiency. Increasing application rates of SP significantly enhanced P and Nmin leaching losses in both soils. Finally on soil A high rates of SP amendments led to the contamination of water with P. 相似文献
20.
施磷量对小麦物质生产及吸磷特性的影响 总被引：14，自引：7，他引：14
在低磷土壤条件下,以中筋小麦扬麦12号和弱筋小麦扬麦9号为材料,研究了施磷量对小麦物质生产和吸磷特性的影响。结果表明,在施磷量(P2O5)0～180.kg/hm2范围内,植株对磷的吸收量、吸收速率和磷的积累量随施磷量增加而上升;以施磷量108.kg/h2处理的叶面积指数(LAI)、植株茎蘖数、茎蘖成穗率、干物质积累量、花后干物质积累量和子粒产量最高。当施磷量超过108.kg/hm2时,相关物质生产指标则呈下降趋势,说明即使在缺磷土壤上,施磷量有其适宜值。小麦一生对磷的吸收存在两个高峰,出苗至越冬始期为第一个吸收高峰,拔节至孕穗期为第二个吸收高峰。植株磷素积累量的70%～75%是在拔节后吸收,表明拔节期施磷对满足小麦第二个吸磷高峰和磷的最大积累期需磷有重要意义。 相似文献