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试验旨在研究地方绵羊品种的遗传变异,为种质资源评价、保护和利用提供理论数据。利用5个微卫星标记分析4个地方绵羊品种的遗传多样性,根据等位基因组成及频率进行群体遗传统计分析;基于品种间标准遗传距离(Ds)和Nei氏遗传距离,分别构建UPGMA系统发生树。4个地方绵羊品种共检测到70个等位基因,各位点等位基因数(Na)在10~18之间;4个地方绵羊品种平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.81~5.68个,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.6152~0.7373,平均遗传杂合度(H)为0.6711~0.7820;4个地方绵羊品种间遗传分化系数为0.0847,标准遗传距离(Ds)和Nei氏遗传距离晋中绵羊与乌珠穆沁羊为最大(0.5775、0.6126),小尾寒羊与乌珠穆沁羊为最小(0.1542、0.1955),首先小尾寒羊与乌珠穆沁羊聚为一类,晋中绵羊与广灵大尾羊聚为另一类,然后两类聚在一起形成一大类。结果表明,4个地方绵羊品种遗传变异大、多样性丰富;品种间遗传分化小,但小尾寒羊和乌珠穆沁羊与晋中绵羊和广灵大尾羊间已有明显分化。选择的5个微卫星座位均为高度多态位点,可作为有效遗传标记用于绵羊品种遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析。各地方绵羊品种分子聚类关系与其形成史、分化及地理分布基本一致。 相似文献
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文章宗旨是(目的)研究地方绵羊品种的遗传变异,为种质资源评价、保护和利用提供理论数据.(方法)利用5个微卫星标记分析4个地方绵羊品种的遗传多样性,根据等位基因组成及频率,进行群体遗传统计分析.基于品种间标准遗传距离(DS)和Nei氏遗传距离,分别构建UPGMA系统发生树.(结果)4个地方绵羊品种共检测到70.0个等位基因,各位点等位基因数(Na)在10.0～18.0之间;4个地方绵羊品种平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.81～5.68个,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.615 2～0.737 3,平均遗传杂合度(H)为0.671 1～0.782 0;4个地方绵羊品种间遗传分化系数为0.084 7,标准遗传距离(DS)和Nei氏遗传距离晋中绵羊与乌珠穆沁羊都为最大(0.577 5,0.612 6),小尾寒羊与乌珠穆沁羊都为最小(0.154 2,0.195 5),首先小尾寒羊与乌珠穆沁羊聚为一类,晋中绵羊与广灵大尾羊聚为另一类,然后两类聚在一起形成一大类.(结论)结果表明4个地方绵羊品种遗传变异大、多样性丰富;品种间遗传分化小,但小尾寒羊和乌珠穆沁羊与晋中绵羊和广灵大尾羊间已有明显分化.选择5个微卫星座位均为高度多态位点,可作为有效遗传标记用于绵羊品种遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析.各地方绵羊品种分子聚类关系与其形成史、分化及地理分布(相)基本一致. 相似文献
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3个绵羊种群MHC微卫星标记的遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用微卫星技术对小尾寒羊、道赛特羊、特克赛尔羊3个绵羊种群共218只绵羊的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）ClassⅡ区DRB1、DRB2、DYMS、MB026基因座的微卫星多态性进行了研究。统计了3个种群的等位基因组成,并计算了微卫星基因座的等位基因频率、杂合度和多态信息含量。结果显示,4个基因座在3个种群中的平均等位基因数分别为14、10.33、12.67、5.33个;平均多态信息含量分别为0.8315、0.8037、0.7946、0.3992;平均杂合度分别为0.8473、0.8229、0.8165、0.4202。研究结果说明,DRB1、DRB2、DYMS基因座为高度多态基因座,MB026基因座为中度多态基因座,在这4个微卫星基因座上,小尾寒羊、道赛特羊及特克赛尔羊均具有丰富的遗传多态性,可作为有效的遗传标记用于各绵羊品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析。 相似文献
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为了分析微卫星标记ILSTS011的遗传多态性,研究以河南省地方绵羊品种大尾寒羊、小尾寒羊和豫西脂尾羊为研究对象,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术分离微卫星标记的带型.结果表明:在3个绵羊品种中均检测到微卫星标记ILSTS011有3个等位基因,微卫星标记ILSTS011的平均杂合度为0.614 1,平均有效等位基因数为2.614 0,平均多态信息含量为0.551 3.说明ILSTS011为高度多态基因座,可作为有效的遗传标记用于大尾寒羊、小尾寒羊和豫西脂尾羊的遗传多样性分析. 相似文献
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Romilly Hills羊遗传多样性的微卫星分析 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
利用 1 0个微卫星标记对新疆兵团农七师从南非引进的罗米丽 (RomillyHills)绵羊和中国美利奴羊 (新疆军垦型 )遗传多样性进行了检测。统计了两群体的等位基因组成、平均有效等位基因数 (E)和平均基因纯合率 ,利用等位基因频率计算出两群体的平均遗传杂合度 (h)、多态信息含量 (PIC)。结果表明 1 0个微卫星位点在RomillyHills羊、中国美利奴羊群体中的平均多态信息含量分别为 0 5952和 0 5859,除BM1 82 4、MAF65外均为高度多态 ,可作为有效的遗传标记用于两品种绵羊遗传多样性分析 ;RomillyHills羊的群体遗传变异大于中国美利奴羊 ,其遗传多样性相对丰富 ,有较大的选育潜力。 相似文献
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研究利用14个微卫星标记,对新疆北疆9个绵羊群体的遗传多样性和系统发生关系进行了分析。结果表明:14个微卫星位点在9个绵羊群体中的多态信息含量(PIC)除BM1824、OarCP20为低、中度多态外,其余12个微卫星均为高度多态。绵羊群体的平均PIC为0.711,H为0.740,No为9.2,Ne为4.760。中国美利奴羊和新疆细毛羊与其他7个绵羊群体遗传距离较远;巴什拜羊与杂交F_1代、杂交F_2代和杂交F_3代遗传距离较远;哈萨克羊、阿勒泰羊、巴什拜羊和也木勒羊遗传距离较近;各绵羊品种与其来源、育成史和地理分布一致。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2014,(1)
为了分析宁夏地区主要绵羊品种的遗传多样性及系统发生关系,试验采用PCR扩增,12%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、Sanguinetti银染法显色的方法,对宁夏地区3个绵羊品种(滩羊、小尾寒羊和蒙古羊)群体遗传多样性进行检测,统计各群体的等位基因组成,利用等位基因频率计算各群体的多态信息含量(PIC)和群体间的遗传距离。结果表明:D-loop环在3个绵羊群体中的PIC达到中度多态,可以作为有效的遗传标记用于各绵羊品种的遗传多样性及系统发生关系的分析。运用遗传距离(D A)将绵羊品种进行分类,滩羊与蒙古羊遗传距离最近,滩羊与小尾寒羊的遗传距离最远,聚为两类。各绵羊品种的分子系统发生关系与其来源、育成史、分化及地理分布基本一致。 相似文献
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利用10个微卫星座位对4个肉用绵羊品种进行遗传检测,计算出了各品种的平均杂合度、平均多态信息含量及品种间的遗传距离,并进行了系统发育分析。结果表明:10个微卫星座位上共检测到了107个等位基因,等位基因数在5~13个之间。各基因座位多态信息含量为0.498 5~0.890 4,均表现出了高度多态性。各基因座位杂合度较高,为0.563 0~0.899 5,说明肉用绵羊品种有着较丰富的遗传多样性。4个肉用绵羊品种间的遗传距离相对较远,萨福克羊和陶赛特羊先聚在一起,他们之间的遗传距离最近,为0.345 25,然后与夏洛来羊聚在一起,最后与中国美利奴羊聚在一起,中国美利奴羊与夏洛来羊之间的遗传距离最远,为0.516 39。研究结果对我国肉用绵羊资源的评估、保存和预测杂种优势具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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Genetic diversity among some cattle breeds in the Alpine area 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
L. Del Bo M. Polli M. Longeri G. Ceriotti C. Looft A. Barre-Dirie G. Dolf & M. Zanotti 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2001,118(5):317-325
Seven autochthonous Italian cattle breeds bred in the alpine area (Aosta Black Pied, Aosta Red Pied, Aosta Chestnut, Oropa Red Pied, Grey Alpine, Rendena and Burlina) were investigated in order to characterise their genetic structure and to study their phylogenetic origin. Two cattle breeds from Germany (Original German Brown and Holstein) and four from Switzerland (Simmental, Herens, Evolene and Brown Swiss) were included in the study in order to determine the genetic diversity existing among Italian local breeds, similar breeds bred on the other side of the Alps and in the well known Holstein.
Seventeen microsatellites, of the internationally accepted panel for the study of cattle biodiversity, were used for the analysis.
Microsatellites were highly polymorphic with a mean number of 5,5 alleles (ranging from 2 to 12 per locus). For each locus, allelic frequencies, heterozygosity (H) and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) were computed. The genetic equilibrium according to Hardy–Weinberg was calculated for each population and for each locus. Allele frequencies were used to estimate genetic distances and to draw a phylogenetic tree. The two closest breeds were Aosta Red Pied and Aosta Black Pied, while the two genetically most different were Holstein and Aosta Chestnut. Aosta valley breeds, Evolene and Herens constituted a tight cluster in the phylogenetic consensus tree. Principal component analysis showed a similar pattern for all the alpine breeds, while Holstein and Original German Brown were far away. The genetic differences among breeds were in accordance with their geographical and historical origins. 相似文献
Seventeen microsatellites, of the internationally accepted panel for the study of cattle biodiversity, were used for the analysis.
Microsatellites were highly polymorphic with a mean number of 5,5 alleles (ranging from 2 to 12 per locus). For each locus, allelic frequencies, heterozygosity (H) and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) were computed. The genetic equilibrium according to Hardy–Weinberg was calculated for each population and for each locus. Allele frequencies were used to estimate genetic distances and to draw a phylogenetic tree. The two closest breeds were Aosta Red Pied and Aosta Black Pied, while the two genetically most different were Holstein and Aosta Chestnut. Aosta valley breeds, Evolene and Herens constituted a tight cluster in the phylogenetic consensus tree. Principal component analysis showed a similar pattern for all the alpine breeds, while Holstein and Original German Brown were far away. The genetic differences among breeds were in accordance with their geographical and historical origins. 相似文献
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利用微卫星标记对4个肉牛品种进行遗传多样性分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本研究利用10个微卫星标记分析了鲁西黄牛、布莱凯特肉牛、渤海黑牛和日本和牛4个品种185个个体的品种内遗传变异情况及各品种间的亲缘关系,共检测到58个等位基因,每个位点平均观察等位基因数为5.8个,从4(BM1818)到8个(ETH225和TGLA53)不等;有效等位基因数为2.5417～3.5849个;观察杂合度、期望杂合度和多态信息含量变异范围分别为0.2270～0.5459、0.6082～0.7230和0.5482～0.6791,均属高度多态性位点。群体间遗传分化明显,有34.49%的遗传分化来自群体间的变异。以Nei氏遗传距离(DA)构建UPGMA系统进化树,聚类结果表明,渤海黑牛与鲁西黄牛首先聚为一类,布莱凯特肉牛和日本和牛聚为一类。布莱凯特肉牛的3个微卫星座位10个克隆的PCR扩增片段测序获得的序列已提交GenBank,登录号分别为：GQ368896、GQ368897、GQ368898、GQ368899、GQ368900、GQ368901、GQ368902、GQ368903、GQ368904、GQ368905。10对微卫星座位可作为有效的遗传标记用于4个肉牛品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析。 相似文献
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为分析福建黄兔、新西兰兔、日本大耳白兔群体内的遗传变异情况和群体间的遗传相关性,本试验选取3个品种兔各25只,分别耳静脉采血并采用试剂盒抽提全血基因组,运用15个微卫星标记,结合荧光PCR技术和毛细管电泳方法获得目的片段,通过计算等位基因数、有效等位基因数、杂合度、多态信息含量和遗传距离,分析3个品种兔的遗传多样性。结果显示,3个品种兔在15个座位共检测到110个等位基因,平均等位基因数为7.3个,其中福建黄兔、新西兰兔和日本大耳白兔分别检测到95、95和88个等位基因,且分别在11、12和11个微卫星座位表现为高度多态,表明3个品种兔在筛选的15个微卫星座位均呈现较丰富的遗传多态信息。Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡检验结果表明,福建黄兔、新西兰兔和日本大耳白兔分别有8、8和6个座位处于Hardy-Weinberg不平衡状态。Nei氏遗传距离分析显示,福建黄兔与新西兰兔、福建黄兔与日本大耳白兔、新西兰兔与日本大耳白兔的Nei氏遗传距离分别为0.1761、0.2347和0.0432。遗传距离越小时,相似度越高,亲缘关系越近,因此,新西兰兔与日本大耳白兔间的亲缘关系最近,福建黄兔与日本大耳白兔间的亲缘关系最远。 相似文献
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Kelly L Postiglioni A De Andrés DF Vega-Plá JL Gagliardi R Biagetti R Franco J 《Research in veterinary science》2002,72(1):69-73
The genetic variability within the Uruguayan Creole horse and its relationship to a group of geographically or historically related breeds (Spanish Pure-bred, Barb, Quarter horse, Paso Fino, Peruvian Paso, Arabian and Thoroughbred horse), was evaluated using 25 loci (seven of blood groups, nine of protein polymorphisms and nine microsatellites) analyzed on a total of 145 Uruguayan Creole horses. In this study, blood group and protein polymorphism variants that are considered to be breed markers of Spanish Pure-bred and Barb horses were detected in the Creole breed. Conversely, some microsatellites and protein polymorphisms alleles were found uniquely in the Creole horse. American horse breeds together with Barb and Arabian horses clearly formed a separate cluster from the Spanish pure-bred and Thoroughbred breeds, as shown by an UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei's standard genetic distance. Data in this study provided evidence for considerable genetic variation within Uruguayan Creole horses and of a distinctive breed profile. Both traits were most likely inherited from the XVIth century Spanish horses, more closely related to Barb than to Spanish Pure-bred. 相似文献
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新疆塔里木马鹿遗传多样性的微卫星分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
利用5个微卫星标记对新疆塔里木马鹿遗传多样性进行了检测。统计了塔里木马鹿3个群体的等位基因组成、平均有效等位基因数(E)和平均基因纯合率(Rh),利用等位基因频率计算出各群体的平均遗传杂合度(h)、多态信息含量(PIC)。结果表明5个微卫星位点在库尔勒、阿拉尔和沙雅县塔里木马鹿3个群体的平均多态信息含量分别为0.5884、0.5754、0.5344,除微卫星位点BM5004外均为高度多态,可作为有效的遗传标记用于塔里木马鹿遗传多样性分析;塔里木马鹿三个群体总平均PIC、h、Rh和E分别为:0.5661、0.5995、0.4474和2.7。分析认为塔里木马鹿遗传变异度较高,遗传多样性相对丰富,具有较大的遗传潜力。 相似文献
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S H Agha F Pilla S Galal I Shaat M D'Andrea S Reale A Z A Abdelsalam M H Li 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2008,125(3):194-200
Seven microsatellite markers were used to study genetic diversity of three Egyptian (Egyptian Baladi, Barki and Zaraibi) and two Italian (Maltese and Montefalcone) goat breeds. The microsatellites showed a high polymorphic information content (PIC) of more than 0.5 in most of the locus-breed combinations and indicated that the loci were useful in assessing within- and between-breed variability of domestic goat (Capra hircus). The expected heterozygosity of the breeds varied from 0.670 to 0.792. In the geographically wider distributed Egyptian Baladi breed there were indications for deviations from random breeding. Analysis of genetic distances and population structure grouped the three Egyptian goat breeds together, and separated them from the two Italian breeds. The studied Mediterranean breeds sampled from African and European populations seem to have differentiated from each other with only little genetic exchange between the geographically isolated populations. 相似文献
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Studies on genetic variability in Trypanosoma evansi have been limited by a lack of high-resolution techniques. In this study, we have investigated the use of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and microsatellites in revealing polymorphism among T. evansi isolates. Twelve ISSR primers and five microsatellite loci were used to generate polymorphic bands and alleles, respectively, to investigate the genetic variability among T. evansi isolates from Africa and Asia. Seven of the twelve ISSR primers showed variability between isolates with a total of 71 fragments of which 49(69%) were polymorphic. Microsatellite analysis revealed a total of 60 alleles. On average the ISSR markers revealed a higher genetic diversity (23%) than microsatellites (21.1%). The two techniques showed a strong agreement of r=0.95 for Dice and r=0.91 for Jaccard indices in estimating the genetic distances between isolates. The distance UPGMA tree revealed two major clusters of T. evansi which correlate with the minicircle classification of subtype A and B. The cophenetic correlation coefficient between Dice and Jaccard based matrices were r=0.79 for microsatellites and r=0.73 for ISSR indicating a strong agreement between dendrograms. The results suggest that both ISSR and microsatellites markers are useful in detecting genetic variability within T. evansi. 相似文献