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不同分子量大豆皮多糖的基本结构及功能性质研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《饲料工业》2019,(17):35-41
文章对大豆皮多糖(soybean hullpolysaccahrides,SHP)进行了提取和分离,得到SHP及高分子量组分(high molecular weight soybean hull polysaccharides,SHP-H)和低分子量组分(low molecular weight soybean hull polysaccharides,SHP-L),对三种多糖组分进行了基本结构及功能性质上的分析。利用高效凝胶色谱法测定三种多糖组分的相对分子量,结果显示SHP的相对分子量主要分布在8.6×10~4U及2.5×10~6U附近,SHP-L及SHP-H的相对分子量分别分布在1.4×10~5U和2.3×10~6U左右;FTIR图谱结果表明,SHP-H与SHP无特征官能团上的差异,而经过超滤后得到的SHP-L会出现部分官能团的损失。还原力试验、1,1-二苯基-2-苦味基肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)和-OH自由基清除试验结果表明,SHP、SHP-L和SHP-H均具有较好的抗氧化活性,尤其是低分子量的SHP-L具有较强的抗氧化活性。乳化性和起泡性的结果表明,高分子量的SHP-H具有比SHP-L及SHP更好的乳化性和起泡性。 相似文献
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研究旨在比较川牛膝及其常见伪品的多糖含量、组分和对猪小肠上皮细胞活性的差异。用乙醇除杂,水加热回流法得粗多糖;用阴离子交换层析法和凝胶柱层析法分离、纯化多糖,并测定多糖的相对分子量;用CCK-8试剂盒系统测定多糖对猪小肠上皮细胞活性的影响;用荧光定量PCR检测多糖作用后炎症细胞因子IL-6表达情况。试验结果:①川牛膝粗多糖得率为7.40%;麻牛膝粗多糖得率为1.67%;杂交牛膝粗多糖得率为0.38%;②川牛膝酸性多糖得率为94.40%,中性多糖得率为1.10%;麻牛膝酸性多糖得率为30.74%,中性多糖得率为23.00%;杂交牛膝酸性多糖得率为11.20%,中性多糖得率为10.00%;③川牛膝多糖相对分子量主要分布在7 500 Da左右、200 000～400 000 Da和1 200 000～1 700 000 Da;麻牛膝多糖的相对分子量主要集中在7 500 Da左右;杂交牛膝多糖相对分子量主要集中在6 000 Da左右;④川牛膝多糖和麻牛膝多糖的低剂量和高剂量组对猪小肠上皮细胞活性均无明显影响;川牛膝多糖和麻牛膝多糖均能显著抑制炎症细胞因子IL-6的表达。川牛膝多糖含量显著高于麻牛膝和杂交牛膝多糖,川牛膝和麻牛膝多糖对猪小肠上皮细胞活性无明显影响,但均能降低炎症细胞因子IL-6的表达量。 相似文献
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超微粉碎技术对芪苓制剂总多糖溶出的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将芪苓制剂通过加工制成普通粉（65—100目）、超微粉（300目）,以水提醇沉法提取芪苓制剂普通粉和超微粉中的总多糖,采用蒽酮-硫酸法对其粗多糖进行了含量测定,研究超微粉碎技术对芪苓制剂总多糖溶出度的影响。结果如下：在相同条件下,100g芪苓制剂普通粉中所提粗多糖为1．2608g,芪苓制剂超微粉中所提粗多糖为6．0030g,上述粗多糖样品中多糖的含量分别为44．71％、75．03％;即100g芪苓制剂普通粉中总多糖含量为0．5637g,超微粉中多糖的含量为4．5040g。上述结果表明,超微粉碎技术能显著提高芪苓制剂总多糖的溶出度。 相似文献
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优化复合酶解法辅助提取香菇菌糠多糖的提取工艺,并研究其抗氧化活性。通过测定清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基(·OH)和超氧阴离子(O2-·)的能力评价香菇菌糠多糖的抗氧化活性。结果表明,复合酶解法提取香菇菌糠多糖最佳提取条件为:酶解时间50 min,酶解温度45℃,pH值5.0,酶浓度3%,在此提取条件下香菇菌糠多糖的提取率为9.60%,显著优于传统的热水浸提法,提取率提高了52.70%。通过复合酶解法提取的香菇菌糠多糖清除羟自由基的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为0.58 mg/ml、清除超氧阴离子的IC50为0.60 mg/ml,清除DPPH自由基的IC50为0.90 mg/ml。表现出较强的抗氧化活性,且抗氧化活性随多糖浓度的增加而升高。 相似文献
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《家畜生态学报》2021,42(10)
该试验旨在研究大鲵(Andrias davidianus)皮肤水溶性蛋白成分及其活性,揭示大鲵皮肤黏液的蛋白组分,鉴定具有潜在功能活性的蛋白质。通过物理和化学刺激的方法收集大鲵皮肤黏液,制备大鲵皮肤黏液水溶性蛋白样品,并通过SDS-PAGE垂直电泳、细菌凝集试验、氧化物清除效率试验以及蛋白质谱Label-free分析大鲵皮肤黏液水溶性蛋白的成分以及活性。结果表明:大鲵皮肤黏液中含有多种水溶性蛋白,分子量介于10～300 kDa之间,其中50 kDa分子量以上蛋白条带较为丰富,在100 kDa分子量以上含有较多蛋白,14 kDa以下蛋白含量较少。大鲵皮肤黏液水溶性蛋白对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)和2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABST)2种自由基具有清除能力,说明其具有一定的抗氧化活性。大鲵皮肤黏液水溶性蛋白对大肠杆菌和嗜水气单胞菌2种细菌具有较强的凝集作用,暗示大鲵皮肤水溶性蛋白具有一定的抗菌活性。蛋白质谱Label-free分析表明这些蛋白是由66种蛋白质组成;通过分子注释有20种蛋白与免疫抗病功能相关,2种蛋白与抗氧化活性相关。研究揭示大鲵皮肤黏液水溶性蛋白含有66种蛋白,分子量介于10～300 kDa,活性鉴定结果显示大鲵黏液水溶性蛋白具有抗氧化活性和抗菌活性。 相似文献
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为探索黄芪多糖APS10-100组分的单糖组成及对小鼠的免疫调节作用，通过柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法分析对比了黄芪多糖APS10-100组分及黄芪粗多糖中的单糖组成。96只ICR小鼠分为对照组、模型组、APS10-100及黄芪粗多糖低、中、高剂量给药组(50,100,200 mg/kg)等8组，除对照组外，其余各组小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺(CTX)制备免疫抑制小鼠，给药组每日灌胃给药1次，共给药30 d。给药结束后测小鼠体质量，采血后脱颈处死各组小鼠，取肝脏、脾脏及胸腺等脏器测质量并计算脏器系数。采用ELISA法检测各组小鼠外周血中IFN-γ、IgG含量及肝组织中抗氧化指标(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),采用流式细胞术检测小鼠血液中T细胞分型。结果显示，黄芪多糖APS10-100组分单糖组成主要为GalA、Glc、Gal及Ara,物质的量的比率为0.43∶1.0∶0.16∶0.39,与黄芪粗多糖有所不同。与对照组比，高剂量APS10-100与黄芪粗多糖均能抵抗CTX所致的体质量下降(P>0.05)。与模型组比，高剂... 相似文献
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The in vitro embryo culture technique has been used in many research areas as well as for teratologic and toxicologic tests. Usually, homologous serum is used as a culture medium in these techniques. In this study, the effects of low molecular weight serum fractions on embryonic rat development were tested. Using 30 and 50 kDa Macrosep centrifugal concentrators, the homologous serum was centrifuged for 8 h to separate the low molecular weight serum fractions. The embryos were cultured in the sera which included > 30 kDa, > 50 kDa and < 30 + > 50 kDa serum fractions. Whole rat serum (WRS) was also used for control. After a 48-h culture period, embryonic growth and development were assessed using a morphologic scoring system and the protein content of embryos and yolk sacs. The results showed that the embryonic growth and development during organogenesis significantly decreased in > 30 kDa and > 50 kDa serum fractions when compared to WRS. Addition of a < 30 kDa serum fraction to the > 50 kDa serum fraction improved the embryonic growth, but not to the level seen in embryos grown in WRS. While morphological scores for the embryos grown in WRS, > 30 kDa, > 50 kDa and < 30 + > 50 kDa serum fractions were 57.5 +/- 0.83, 44.53 +/- 1.06, 37.81 +/- 1.9 and 45.14 +/- 1.56, respectively, somite numbers were 26.4 +/- 0.28, 20.47 +/- 0.46, 19.15 +/- 0.58 and 21.78 +/- 0.5, yolk sac diameters were 3.35 +/- 0.06, 2.89 +/- 0.05, 2.61 +/- 0.03 and 2.71 +/- 0.04 mm, crown-rump lengths were 3.03 +/- 0.06, 2.72 +/- 0.04, 2.36 +/- 0.04 and 2.52 +/- 0.04 mm, embryo protein contents were 160.93 +/- 6.88, 119.07 +/- 5.15, 67.23 +/- 3.87 and 98.72 +/- 4.87 micrograms and yolk sac protein contents were 114.87 +/- 5.18, 86.33 +/- 1.92, 62.38 +/- 2.7 and 75.88 +/- 2.87 micrograms, respectively. These results suggest that low molecular weight serum fractions could be very important for normal embryonic development. 相似文献
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随着保健养生的意识的增强,人们于利用蜜蜂相关产品的基础上,逐渐地了解且接触并开始应用蜂花粉。蜂花粉中的多酚类及黄酮类化合物提供了良好的抗氧化活性,对人类的健康有很大的益处,可减少人体被自由基攻击。蜂花粉的成分及香气亦会因花粉来源不同而有很大的差异,本研究将针对常见的几种蜂花粉产品进行抗氧化活性测试并比较之间的差异性。在此分别针对油菜花粉、花莲百草花粉、蒲盐花粉、茶花粉、松花粉、含羞草花粉、云林百草花粉等7种不同蜂花粉产品进行抗氧化测试包含清除DPPH自由基能力、清除氢氧自由基能力、清除超氧自由基能力、抑制亚麻油酸能力及还原力等抗氧化活性方法测试,并分析其总蛋白质含量及总酚类含量。结果显示,不同蜂花粉产品因花粉源、制程或加工不同,总酚类含量即不同,进而影响了抗氧化活性之表现。其中以油菜花粉、花莲百草花粉及蒲盐花粉于多项抗氧化能力测定下,具有较佳之抗氧化性效能。 相似文献
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Antibacterial factors act as innate immune components, which respond as soon as bacteria enter a living organism. To prevent and treat mastitis in cattle, understanding the concentrations of these substances inside the udder is important; however, they remain to be studied. In this investigation, the concentration of lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), S100 protein (S100A7), lactoferrin (LF), and immunoglobulin antibody were measured in the different fractions of foremilk. Lactating Holstein cows were examined, and 10 foremilk fractions were obtained from sequential samples up to 150 ml. The LAP concentrations in milk samples increased until 25 ml. The LF concentrations increased up to the 10 ml fraction, then stabilized at low level after the 50 ml fraction. For S100A7, some fractions had significantly higher (p < .05) concentrations than the 5 or 10 ml fractions. The IgA antibody concentration increased up to the 5 ml fraction, then after 50 ml fraction showed relatively low concentrations. This investigation determined the concentration patterns of LAP, LF, S100A7, and IgA antibody secreted in milk inside the udders of healthy lactating cows as baseline data. These distinct concentration patterns might indicate various protective responses. 相似文献
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土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳组分对苜蓿种植年限的响应 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过设置在陇中黄土高原半干旱区的长期定位试验,应用干筛法与湿筛法比较不同种植年限苜蓿地和农田土壤团聚体粒径分布、平均重量直径(mean weight diameter,MWD)以及团聚体破坏率(percentage of aggregate destruction,PAD)的差异,分析探讨了土壤团聚体稳定性与土壤有机碳组分之间的关系。结果表明,土壤机械稳定性团聚体粒径分布呈中间低两边高的“V”型,其中>5 mm和<0.25 mm的团聚体为优势粒径;土壤水稳性团聚体以<0.25 mm的团聚体为主,平均含量达90%以上。湿筛MWD仅在0~10 cm表层土中表现为不同种植年限苜蓿显著高于农田;PAD在0~30 cm土层表现为农田显著高于不同种植年限苜蓿,且随苜蓿种植年限的延长呈降低趋势。0~50 cm剖面不同深度土壤有机碳组分在处理间存在差异,其中总有机碳(total organic carbon,TOC)、重组有机碳(heavy fraction organic carbon,HFOC)和易氧化有机碳(readily oxidized organic carbon,ROOC)在0~10 cm土层均表现为12 a>10 a>农田>3 a,说明苜蓿对土壤表层有机碳组分的提高只有达到一定种植年限之后才产生效应。相关性分析表明,与土壤TOC相比,土壤轻组有机碳(light fraction organic carbon,LFOC)和ROOC与土壤水稳性团聚体粒级分布及稳定性指标之间的相关性更为显著,说明土壤活性有机碳组分对陇中黄土高原地区土壤团聚体稳定性的贡献率比土壤总有机碳更大。 相似文献
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从桑枝皮醇提物萃取的不同组分及其体外生物活性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了从桑枝皮中获取有效的药用功能性成分,以不同极性的有机溶剂石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进一步萃取并分离桑枝皮醇提物(MBBEE)中的活性成分,获得的正丁醇萃取组分(n-BuOH)和剩余水相组分(Res)占MBBEE总量的94.26%(其中Res组分得率达73.72%,n-BuOH组分得率为20.54%),石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯3种萃取组分的得率总共不足2%。对各种样品的活性成分检测表明,MBBEE中含有的总黄酮、总多酚和总糖3种活性成分分别为39.99、56.24和16.37mg/g,而以上3种活性成分在n-BuOH组分中分别为74.25、107.49和14.21mg/g,在Res组分中分别为262.16、118.70和75.88mg/g。对各种样品的氨基酸组成分析表明,游离氨基酸含量为n-BuOH组分>MBBEE>Res组分。各种样品的体外生物活性试验显示,MBBEE、n-BuOH组分和Res组分均具有很强的DPPH自由基清除作用以及对酪氨酸酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用,其中:对DPPH自由基清除作用以Res组分最强,抑制中值(IC50)为100μg/mL;对酪氨酸酶抑制活性以n-BuOH组分最高,IC50为5.2μg/mL;对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性以Res组分最高,IC50为2.8μg/mL。试验结果表明,从桑枝皮醇提物中萃取的n-BuOH组分和Res组分是降血糖以及抗氧化、抗衰老、美白的功能性成分。 相似文献
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Equine interleukin-1 has been produced from peripheral blood monocytes by stimulation with E. coli lipopolysaccharide. Sephacryl S200 gel filtration revealed a molecular weight of 17-18 kD. Chromatofocusing of the 17-18 kD peak identified four active fractions. Two major peaks were detected at pH 6.7 and pH 7, with smaller peaks at pH 6.3 and pH 5.9. The pI 7 molecule is probably the equine form of IL-1 beta. 相似文献
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A saline extract of a homogenate of Taenia saginata proglottides was partially purified by gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G200 or Sepharose 4B and by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE cellulose. Gel filtration produced two distinct fractions with different antigenic properties. The first was of molecular weight of approximately 1,000,000 and contained a high level of activity in the haemagglutination inhibition test. The second fraction of molecular weigh of approximately 100,000 contained most of the immuno-precipitin activity. Other fractions had little or no antigenic activity. Eight fractions were obtained by DEAE cellulose chromatography, of which 4 had detectable antigenic activity. Subsequent rechromatography of fractions obtained by gel filtration on DEAE cellulose produced relatively pure fractions of high antigenic activity, from which small molecular weight contaminants had been removed. 相似文献
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为探究荒漠土壤有机氮组分对封育年限的响应规律,研究了不同封育年限(封育时间为0、1、4和11a)对中度退化伊犁绢蒿(Seriphidium transiliense)荒漠草地土壤全氮(total nitrogen,TN)、轻组氮(light fraction organic nitrogen,LFON)、颗粒氮(particulate organic nitrogen,PON)、微生物量氮(soil microbial biomass nitrogen,SMBN)及其分配比例的影响。结果表明,与封育0a相比,其它封育年限5-10、10-20、30-50cm土层的TN含量均显著降低(P0.05),且0-50cm土层TN含量随封育年限延长呈"降-升"趋势;封育11a,0-5cm土层PON含量达到最高,而封育4a,5-10和20-30cm土层PON分配比例显著增加;0-20cm土层LFON含量增加显著,且0-5cm土层含量最高。0-50cm土层SMBN随封育年限增加呈"降-升"趋势,而封育4a,5-10和20-30cm土层SMBN分配比例显著高于封育0a和封育1a(P0.05);0-10cm土层LFON和0-50cm土层LFONR与封育年限呈显著正相关。总之,短期封育(1~11a)下,中度退化伊犁绢蒿荒漠土壤全氮含量仍未得到恢复,但促进了LFON、PON、SMBN及其分配比例的增加。 相似文献
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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of bovine follicular fluid (bFF) fractions or epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cumulus cell expansion in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) in vitro. bFF derived from large follicles (15-20 mm) and its fractions (>100, 10-100 and <100 kDa) were added to the medium. Cumulus cell expansion was stimulated when COCs were incubated with the 10-100 and <100 kDa fractions or bFF; in contrast, the culture of COCs with the >100 kDa fraction resulted in the suppression of cumulus cell expansion. Although the >100 kDa fraction prohibited the expansion of cumulus cells in the medium with or without low concentration EGF, cumulus expansion was promoted when COCs were cultured with the >100 kDa fraction and high-concentration EGF. In conclusion, the results suggest that bFF contains promoting and inhibiting effect for expansion of cumulus cells in COCs in vitro. The inhibiting effect of bFF may act antagonistically against the effect of EGF for the event of expanding cumulus cells. 相似文献
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In the early stages of embryonic development, many growth-promoting molecules must be provided by the maternal system. These factors may be supplied locally to the embryo, by the decidua, the placenta, or the yolk sac. In this study the growth-promoting potential of extra-embryonic coelomic fluid (EECF) and its fractions was investigated. The embryonic requirement of growth-promoting molecules may be studied by reducing the growth-supporting capacity of serum. Thus, ultrafiltration of rat serum was carried out for 8 h using Millipore filters with a molecular weight exclusion of 30 kDa. Rat embryos at 9.5 days of age were cultured for 8 days for anembryonic yolk sacs, and then EECF was collected and divided into three different molecular weight fractions by ultrafiltration. Rat embryos were cultured for 48 h in whole rat serum and the serum retenate (which has low growth-supporting capacity) in the presence and absence of EECF, its fractions, or in EECF only. Embryos grown in retenate showed severe growth retardation, and the addition of EECF significantly improved embryonic growth. The fraction which contained the molecules with molecular weight between 10 and 30 kDa had significantly more effect on embryonic development than the other fractions. This fraction of EECF was analysed by gel electrophoresis. Three of the four protein bands observed in this fraction were identified by amino-terminal sequencing as alpha-fetoprotein precursor (22 kDa), apolipoprotein A1 precursor (24 kDa) and fetal haemoglobin Y2 chain (14 kDa), none of which are likely to be responsible for the growth-promoting activity. To further investigate growth-promoting proteins, EECF was Western-blotted to nitrocellulose membranes and probed with antisera against rat prolactin, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factors I and II and human placental lactogen. No immunoreactive bands were detected in the EECF, suggesting that either these proteins are not present or are present at levels too low to be detected. Although the growth-promoting effect of the EECF was demonstrated in this study, the molecules responsible remain uncharacterized. 相似文献