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1.
A high prevalence of systemic amyloidosis was documented in the black-footed cat (Felis nigripes) based on a retrospective review of necropsy tissues (n = 38) submitted as part of ongoing disease surveillance. Some degree of amyloid deposition was present in 33 of 38 (87%) of the examined cats, and amyloidosis was the most common cause of death (26/38, 68%). Amyloid deposition was most severe in the renal medullary interstitium (30/33, 91%) and glomeruli (21/33, 63%). Other common sites included the splenic follicular germinal centers (26/31, 84%), gastric lamina propria (9/23, 39%), and intestinal lamina propria (3/23, 13%). Amyloid in all sites stained with Congo red, and in 13 of 15 (87%) cats, deposits had strong immunoreactivity for canine AA protein by immunohistochemistry. There was no association with concurrent chronic inflammatory conditions (P = .51), suggesting that amyloidosis was not secondary to inflammation. Adrenal cortical hyperplasia, a morphologic indicator of stress that can predispose to amyloid deposition, was similarly not associated (P = .09) with amyloidosis. However, adrenals were not available from the majority of cats without amyloidosis; therefore, further analysis of this risk factor is warranted. Heritability estimation suggested that amyloidosis might be familial in this species. Additionally, tissues from a single free-ranging black-footed cat had small amounts of amyloid deposition, suggesting that there could be a predilection for amyloidosis in this species. Research to identify the protein sequence of serum amyloid A (SAA) in the black-footed cat is needed to further investigate the possibility of an amyloidogenic SAA in this species. 相似文献
2.
The Pathogenesis of Reactive Systemic Amyloidosis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Stephen P. DiBartola DVM Merrill D. Benson MD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1989,3(1):31-41
The diagnosis of amyloidosis is based on the presence of extracellular tissue deposits of proteinaceous material that demonstrate a characteristic green color when stained with Congo red and viewed under polarized light. Several different proteins are amyloidogenic but, in domestic animals, spontaneously occurring systemic amyloidosis is reactive in nature and characterized by the presence of amyloid protein AA. This type of systemic amyloidosis may occur secondary to chronic inflammatory or neoplastic disease, but in many instances no predisposing disease is found. A sustained increase in the serum concentration of serum amyloid A protein (SAA) is necessary but not sufficient for the development of reactive amyloidosis. Other inherited and acquired host-related factors are likely to be important in the development of reactive amyloidosis because this condition develops in few patients with chronic inflammatory disease. The tissue tropism of amyloid deposits varies with the amyloid protein itself and species affected. The consequences of amyloidosis for the host depend upon the tissues involved and the response of these tissues to the presence of the amyloid deposits. In domestic animals, reactive systemic amyloidosis is nephropathic, leading to end-stage renal disease, and the clinical presentation is that of uremia. 相似文献
3.
Hartig W Leifsson PS Nielsen OL 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2005,52(9):447-453
Amyloidosis represents a heterogenous group of diseases that have in common the deposition of fibrils composed of proteins of beta-pleated sheet structure, a structure which can be specifically identified by histochemistry using the Congo red or similar stains. Amyloid consists primarily of the amyloid fibrils but also of the amyloid P component (AP). This component, which is identical with the serum counterpart (SAP), is found in all types of human amyloid, and immunohistochemical identification of AP has been proposed as an adjunct to the universal, type-independent diagnosis of human amyloidosis. In the present study of animal amyloidosis, we compared the amyloid-specific Congo red stain with an immunohistochemical protocol using an anti-human SAP antibody for the identification of amyloid in formalin fixed tissue samples. The species and types of amyloidoses investigated were: (i) seven cows, one yak (Bos grunniens), and one sheep affected with amyloidosis of presumed AA type, (ii) one dog with a pancreatic endocrine tumour producing amyloid of presumed AIAPP type, (iii) two cats with presumed AIAPP-amyloidosis of the islets of Langerhans, one cat with presumed AA-amyloidosis, and one cat with an amyloid-producing odontogenic tumour. Intense immunostaining co-localized with amyloid, identified by its congophilia and green birefringence, using a protocol without any antigen retrieval in each of the seven cows, the yak and the sheep. The method seemed more sensitive in the ruminants than the Congo red stain, but was unable to detect amyloid in the dog and the cats regardless of the application of various antigen retrieval protocols. However, specific identification of amyloid still rests on the Congo red method or similar histochemical techniques. 相似文献
4.
To investigate the correlation between avian tuberculosis and duck amyloidosis, the liver, lung, spleen, kidney, duodenum and pectoralis muscle of ducks naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium were used to detect amyloidosis by Congo red staining and potassium permanganate-Congo red staining. The expression level of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and SAA2 were detected by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed that the liver, lung, spleen, kidney, duodenum and pectoralis muscle of the infected ducks exhibited amyloid proteins under ordinary light microscopy and the polarization light under polarized light microscopy. However, no amyloid deposition in potassium permanganate-Congo red staining sections indicated that the amyloidosis was AA amyloidosis. In addition, the expression level of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and SAA2 increased from 4 to 43. This study showed that avian tuberculosis could induce secondary amyloidosis in naturally infected ducks. 相似文献
5.
Michael M Garner James T Raymond Timothy D O'Brien Robert W Nordhausen William C Russell 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2007,38(1):32-41
This study describes clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic features of amyloid A amyloidosis occurring in black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) from eight U.S. zoological institutions. Ferrets had nonregenerative anemia, serum chemistries consistent with chronic renal disease, and proteinuria. Amyloid was present in a variety of tissues, but it was most severe in renal glomeruli and associated with tubular protein loss and emaciation. Congo red/potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and immunohistochemical stains revealed that the amyloid was of the AA type. Concurrent diseases and genetic predisposition were considered the most important contributing factors to development of amyloidosis. Analysis of the genetic tree did not reveal convincing evidence of a common ancestor in the affected ferrets, but a genetic predisposition is likely because all the captive black-footed ferrets are related. 相似文献
6.
7.
Burrough ER Myers RK Hostetter SJ Fox LE Bayer BJ Felz CL Waller KR Whitley EM 《Veterinary pathology》2012,49(4):616-620
Two cases of feline thymoma with amyloid deposition were encountered between 1982 and 2010. Neoplastic cells were separated by abundant, pale eosinophilic, homogeneous material that was congophilic and birefringent. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells were connected by desmosomes, and the extracellular deposits were composed of nonbranching, hollow-cored fibrils, 8-10 nm in diameter. In the case with sufficient archived tissue for additional sections, the amyloid remained congophilic following potassium permanganate incubation, and the neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for pancytokeratin. The histologic, histochemical, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical features of both neoplasms are consistent with epithelial-predominant thymoma with the unusual feature of intratumoral amyloid deposition. The affinity of the amyloid for Congo red following potassium permanganate incubation is consistent with non-AA amyloid. The ultrastructural findings were consistent with amyloid production by the neoplastic epithelial cells. 相似文献
8.
Shtrasburg S Gal R Gruys E Perl S Martin BM Kaplan B Koren R Nyska A Pras M Livneh A 《Veterinary pathology》2005,42(2):132-139
Immunohistochemistry, the standard method for diagnosing amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, is limited in animals because it requires a large array of animal-specific anti-AA antibodies, not commercially available. The Shtrasburg method (SH method) is a highly specific and sensitive technique, helping in the diagnosis and determination of AA amyloidosis in humans. The aim of this study is to determine whether the SH method is applicable in the diagnosis of AA amyloidosis in a variety of animals. Tissue samples were obtained from animals suffering from spontaneous or experimentally induced AA amyloidosis (mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, cheetahs, cats, cows, ducks, a dog, a goose, a chicken, and a turaco). Detection of the amyloid and quantitative evaluation were performed using Congo red staining, and specific AA typing was performed by the potassium permanganate technique. The studied tissues were subjected to the SH method, which confirmed the AA nature of the amyloid deposit, by displaying in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis protein bands consistent with the molecular weight of the species-specific AA, in all the animals examined, except mice, hamsters, and guinea pigs. N-terminal analysis of these bands corroborated their AA origin. We conclude that the SH method may be used as an ancillary simple tool for the diagnosis of AA amyloidosis in a large number of domestic and wild animals. Moreover, our findings further increase the feasibility of applying this method in humans. 相似文献
9.
An 11-year-old, neutered male domestic short-hair cat was presented with buphthalmos of the right eye and diagnosed with advanced glaucoma. Sonographic examination revealed an iridial thickening. Neoplasia was suspected and an enucleation was performed. Histopathology of the enucleated eye revealed abundant amyloid deposition predominantly in the anterior uveal tract accompanied by few to moderate numbers of well-differentiated plasma cells. The amyloid deposits were identified by staining with Congo red and showing green birefringence under polarized light. Immunohistochemically, amyloid and plasma cells stained intensely only with anti-ALλ antibody, supporting the amyloid tumor being an immunoglobulin-λ-light chain origin. Additional abnormalities included narrowing of the filtration angle and collapse of the ciliary cleft, and trabecular meshwork. One year post-enucleation, the cat was still healthy without signs of systemic amyloidosis or apparent metastatic disease. This is the first report of a cat with noncutaneous extramedullary plasmacytoma originating in the anterior uveal tract with resulting local amyloid. 相似文献
10.
Familial renal amyloidosis in Chinese Shar Pei dogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S P DiBartola M J Tarr D M Webb U Giger 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,197(4):483-487
Renal amyloidosis was diagnosed in 14 young Chinese Shar Pei dogs, all of which were related. Clinical signs were those of renal failure and included vomiting, anorexia, lethargy, polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, and dehydration. Some dogs had a history of intermittent fever and joint swelling. Laboratory findings also were compatible with renal failure and included azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, low total CO2 content in serum, isosthenuria, proteinuria, and hypercholesterolemia. All dogs had medullary deposition of amyloid, and 9 of 14 (64%) had glomerular involvement. The remaining renal lesions were typical of end-stage renal disease. In some dogs, amyloid deposits were found in other tissues (eg, liver, spleen, stomach, small intestine, myocardium, lymph node, prostate gland, thyroid gland, and pancreas). Amyloid deposits were sensitive to potassium permanganate oxidation, suggesting the presence of amyloid protein AA. 相似文献
11.
Flatland B Moore RR Wolf CM Yeomans SM Donnell RL Lane IF Fry MM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2007,36(1):105-108
A 5-year-old, neutered male, Shar Pei dog was presented with weight loss, anorexia, lethargy, stranguria, and distal limb edema. Clinicopathologic abnormalities included anemia, an inflammatory leukogram, azotemia, icterus, urinary tract infection, and hepatomegaly with a markedly hypoechoic liver. Cytologic findings in a fine-needle aspirate of the liver included large amounts of amorphous, pink, extracellular matrix between hepatocytes. The amorphous material was congophilic using Congo red stain on a hepatic cytology specimen and green birefringent areas were observed under polarized light, confirming the presence of amyloid. The dog was euthanized and a necropsy was done. Histopathologic evaluation using H&E and Congo red staining confirmed amyloid deposits within the liver, kidneys, intestinal vessels, pancreas, and mesenteric ganglia. Immunohistochemical staining of liver and kidney sections using anti-AA amyloid and anti-P component antibodies confirmed the presence of AA amyloid. In this case, we demonstrated that Congo red staining and polarized light microscopy are a useful diagnostic technique in cytologic specimens of suitable thickness for confirming the presence of amyloid. 相似文献
12.
Renal amyloidosis was diagnosed in six related English foxhounds from two separate hunting kennels. There was no apparent age or sex predilection. All the dogs had clinical and laboratory findings compatible with renal disease. The onset of clinical signs was acute in all cases with death or euthanasia in five of the six affected dogs occurring within one week of presentation. The remaining dog was treated with diuresis which produced a temporary improvement. Histological examination of renal tissue from affected dogs identified the presence of both glomerular and interstitial amyloid, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining to be of the reactive type (amyloid A). There were occasional sclerosed glomeruli or glomeruli with thickened Bowman's capsules, in addition to interstitial and periglomerular infiltration with a predominance of plasma cells and lymphocytes and secondary changes including tubular eosinophilic casts. Renal papillary necrosis was identified in three dogs. One hound had concurrent multicentric lymphoma. Pedigree analysis of the affected dogs revealed that four individuals shared a common great grandsire and that the same dog was the grand-sire of a further case. Pedigree analysis of five additional dogs from one of the kennels, all of which had clinical signs of acute renal failure but from which renal tissue was not available, revealed a close relationship to those foxhounds with confirmed renal amyloidosis. 相似文献
13.
Localized amyloidosis in canine mammary tumors 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Taniyama H Kitamura A Kagawa Y Hirayama K Yoshino T Kamiya S 《Veterinary pathology》2000,37(1):104-107
Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examinations were performed on localized amyloidosis associated with mammary tumors in two dogs. These tumors were identified as adenoma and adenocarcinoma. An acellular, amorphous pale eosinophilic material (amyloid) was observed in the lumina of acini lined by neoplastic cells and in the stroma of the tumors. Concentrically laminated pale eosinophilic bodies (corpora amylacea) were also found in the lumina of the acini. Amyloid and corpora amylacea stained positively with Congo red with and without 5% potassium permanganate pretreatment and revealed a green birefringence under polarized light. Corpora amylacea showed an occasional Maltese-cross pattern. Immunohistochemically, amyloid and corpora amylacea usually stained positively with anti-bovine alpha-casein antibody but negatively with anti-human amyloid AA, anti-bovine kappa-light and lambda-light chains, anti-human lactoferrin, anti-human transferrin, anti-human secretory component, and anti-human polyglucosan antibodies. These findings suggested that the amyloid deposition in these canine mammary tumors was related to lactating casein. 相似文献
14.
T B Hawthorne B Bolon D J Meyer 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,196(2):323-325
A mare with chronic cachexia had multiple skin nodules, abdominal masses (attached and free floating), and large lymph nodes. Fine-needle aspiration cytologic evaluation of a skin mass revealed multinucleated giant cells surrounding eosinophilic material. Histologic evaluation revealed extensive amyloid deposits within the masses, lymph nodes, and the interstitium of many organs. The presence of systemic (visceral) and organ-limited (cutaneous) forms of amyloid is rare in horses. Amyloid congophilia was retained after potassium permanganate oxidation. The fibrils were thus distinct from the AA (secondary) fibrils that are found in most cases of equine amyloidosis, suggesting that this mare may have had primary amyloidosis. Regardless of fibril type, the presence of multinucleated giant cells in association with eosinophilic material in cytologic preparations of skin nodules may suggest a differential diagnosis of amyloidosis in horses. 相似文献
15.
Williams JH Van Wilpe E Momberg M 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2005,76(2):90-98
A 14-year-old lioness, originating from Etosha in Namibia, and a member of a pride in Pilanesberg National Park since translocation in 1994, was euthanased due to fight-related vertebral fracture and spinal injury, incurred approximately 6-8 weeks previously. Blood specimens collected at the time of death showed mild anaemia and a leukogram reflecting stress and chronic infection. Necropsy conducted within 2 hours of death was on a dehydrated, emaciated animal with hindquarter wasting and chronic traumatic friction injuries from dragging her hindlegs. There was cellulitis in the region of bite-wounds adjacent to the thoraco-lumbar vertebral fracture, at which site there was spinal cord compression, and there was marked intestinal helminthiasis. The outer renal medullae appeared pale and waxy and the liver was macroscopically unremarkable. Histopathology and electron microscopy of the kidneys revealed multifocal to coalescing deposits of proximal medullary interstitial amyloid, which fluoresced strongly with thioflavine T, and was sensitive to potassium permanganate treatment prior to Congo Red staining, thus indicating inflammatory (AA) origin. There was diffuse hepatocyte dissociation, as well as numerous binucleated and scattered multinucleated (up to 8 nuclei/cell) hepatocytes, with swollen hepatocyte mitochondria, in liver examined light microscopically. Ultrastructurally, the mono-, bi- and multinucleated hepatocytes contained multifocal irregular membrane-bound accumulations of finely-granular, amorphous material both intra-cytoplasmically and intra-nuclearly, as well as evidence of irreversible mitochondrial injury. The incidence and relevance in cats and other species of amyloidosis, particularly with renal medullary distribution, as well as of hepatocyte dissociation and multinucleation, as reported in selected literature, is briefly overviewed and their occurrence in this lioness is discussed. 相似文献
16.
Liv ?stevik Gjermund Gunnes Gustavo A de Souza Tale N Wien Randi S?rby 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2014,56(1)
Localized nasal, conjunctival and corneal amyloidosis was diagnosed in a 15-year-old pony with nasal and conjunctival masses and severe dyspnoea. Multiple swellings had been evident in the nostrils for at least two years and had gradually increased in size before presentation due to dyspnoea and exercise intolerance. Surgical debulking of the masses was performed and histological examination revealed large amounts of extracellular, hyaline, eosinophilic, Congo red positive material in the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa. A tentative diagnosis of localized nasal amyloidosis was made. The treatment relieved the clinical signs, however, the nasal masses recurred and bilateral conjunctival, papillary masses developed. The horse was euthanized. Nodular nasal and papillary conjunctival masses consisting of rubbery, grey to yellow tissue were found at necropsy. At the limbus this tissue infiltrated and expanded the cornea. The masses consisted of amyloid and moderate infiltrates of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were present in the tissue. No predominance of either cell type was observed and no distinct neoplastic mass could be identified. Ultrastructural examination of the nasal mucosa and cornea confirmed the presence of abundant extracellular deposits of non-branching fibrils ranging from 9–11 nm in diameter consistent with amyloid. Immunohistochemistry of amyloid revealed no labelling for AA amyloid, and no peptides representing serum amyloid A (SAA) were detected by microscopic laser dissection and subsequent mass spectrometry. Peptides from immunoglobulin kappa-like light chains were detected and are suggestive of AL amyloidosis, however the results were inconclusive and a final identification of the amyloid protein could not be made.Nasal amyloidosis is a clinical entity of localized amyloid deposits in the horse. Localized amyloidosis involving the conjunctiva of the horse is previously described in only seven cases and the present case is the first case of combined, localized nasal and corneal amyloidosis in the horse. In several reported cases surgical excision has provided clinical improvement and return to normal levels of exercise, while medical treatment has had no effect. The present case however, shows that rapid recurrence and progression of nasal amyloidosis to involve ocular tissues can occur and lead to recurrent respiratory obstruction.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13028-014-0050-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献17.
B A Rideout R J Montali R S Wallace M Bush L G Phillips T T Antonovych S G Sabnis 《Veterinary pathology》1989,26(2):129-135
Between January 1976 and September 1987 renal medullary amyloidosis (RMA) was diagnosed in 17 Dorcas gazelles; the necropsy prevalence rate was 17/32 (53%). The most severe amyloid deposits were in the renal medulla; glomeruli were spared. Renal cortical lesions of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy and dilatation significantly correlated with RMA (P less than 0.01) and were considered to be secondary changes. There were varying degrees of lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and tubular cast formation which did not significantly correlate with RMA. Amyloid was confirmed histochemically and by electron microscopy and was identified as AA type by the permanganate method. Progressive renal failure was the cause of death or necessitated euthanasia in 7/17 (41%) gazelles. RMA in Dorcas gazelles does not appear to be familial. A high prevalence of chronic or recurring Actinomyces (Corynebacterium) pyogenes infections may be an important factor. 相似文献
18.
Yuko Tajima Akinori Shimada Tadasu K Yamada Daniel F Cowan 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2007,38(1):108-113
Amyloidosis is a disease characterized by the tissue deposition of autologous extracellular fibrillar proteins that can result in compression of adjacent tissues. Amyloidosis is well-recognized in a wide variety of animals, including mammals, birds, and reptiles. However, to date, there is only one report of amyloidosis in cetaceans. During 1999 and 2000, among 12 Stejneger's beaked whales (Mesoplodon stejnegeri) that were stranded along the Sea of Japan's coast, amyloidosis was found in two whales (case 1, 498 cm, male; case 2, 520 cm, female). For this study population, the prevalence rate of amyloidosis was approximately 17%. These two animals were considered physically and sexually mature based on body length, external features, gonad characteristics, and skeletal features. Livers were notably swollen, fragile, and pale (brownish yellow) on gross examination. A large deposit of amyloid was found in Disse's spaces along with marked atrophy of the hepatocytes. Numerous granulomas, including many nematodes (Crassicauda sp.), were found along with amyloid deposition in the kidneys. Amyloid was also detected in the heart, spleen, adrenal gland, and pancreas. Amyloid in both cases was identified by typical morphology on H&E and Congo red staining. Electron microscopy displayed a typical network of fine fibrils measuring about 11 nm in diameter. This is the first report of amyloidosis in two Stejneger's beaked whales stranded on the coast of the Sea of Japan. 相似文献
19.
André Brassard 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1965,29(10):253-258
During the period 1945-1962, percentage deaths of anserine birds (ducks, geese and swans) did not vary remarkably from year to year even though the population has more than quadrupled during the same period. The number of deaths with amyloidosis has increased significantly even though the death rate did not change. The number of deaths due to tuberculosis, mould, renal diseases, hepatitis and infection accompanied by amyloidosis also increased, especially during the second half the study period. Cases of known secondary amyloidosis accounted for 71.4% whereas 28.6% of the remaining cases were classified as ”doubtfully” primary. Sites of deposition amyloid in the two categories were the same and it has never been observed in the heart. The amyloid deposits in the birds did not differ from those in man when examined by number of histochemical methods. 相似文献
20.
The high dose intravenous glucose tolerance test and concurrent immunoreactive serum insulin and glucagon levels were measured and the results related to the presence or absence of pancreatic insular amyloid in 16 cats, seven of which were known to be diabetic. Control values for all parameters were established using seven additional clinicopathologically normal cats. Nine of the 16 cats had normal fasting blood glucose levels (less than 120 mg/dl) and impaired glucose tolerance. These cats had attenuated (3/9) or normal (6/9) 0 to 5 minute glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, rising 45 to 60 minute insulin secretion (7/9), low mean insulin/glucose ratio, and normal mean serum glucagon. Three of the nine cats with impaired glucose tolerance had insular amyloidosis. These three cats had significantly higher mean blood glucose levels during the glucose tolerance test than did cats with impaired glucose tolerance and no insular amyloid deposits. Also, these three cats accounted for three of the four longest glucose disappearance one-half times (T1/2S), three of the four lowest glucose disappearance coefficients, and three of the four lowest 0 to 5 minute insulin responses. The seven diabetic cats (fasting blood glucose levels greater than 120 mg/dl) had either low to low normal (6/7) or above normal (1/7) fasting insulin levels, no insulin response to intravenous glucose stimulation (6/7), and elevated mean serum glucagon levels. Insular amyloid was present in six of the seven diabetic cats. Three diabetic cats with marked insular amyloid deposits had glucose disappearance T1/2 and K (coefficient) values, serum insulin levels, serum glucagon levels, and insulin/glucose ratios which were not significantly different from the other three diabetic cats with slight to moderate insular amyloidosis. These results confirm a strong association between the occurrence, but not the extent of insular amyloidosis and diabetes mellitus in adult diabetic cats, although amyloid replacement of pancreatic islets does not appear to be the primary diabetogenic event. Rather, these results appear to be consistent with our hypothesis that insular amyloid deposition is a morphologic marker of primary B-cell dysfunction that is basic to the pathogenesis of the diabetic condition, and is reflected clinically by impaired glucose tolerance. 相似文献