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茉莉酸甲酯能够提高植物的抗逆境胁迫能力,但在对香稻香气物质2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉（2-AP）的影响研究还鲜有报道。以香稻品种象牙香占为试验材料,设置茉莉酸甲酯3种喷施浓度（0.25、0.50和1.00 mmol/L）,研究苗期喷施对香稻幼苗2-AP合成与累积、香气前体物质含量、香气相关酶活性、香气相关基因表达量调控、抗性酶活性变化和秧苗素质的影响。结果表明,与对照（CK）相比,喷施适当的茉莉酸甲酯浓度（0.50～1.00 mmol/L）,香稻幼苗2-AP含量增加,香气合成前体物质1-吡咯啉、丙酮醛和1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸（P5C）含量提高,二胺氧化酶2基因（DAO4）、鸟氨酸转氨酶基因（OAT）和脯氨酸脱氢酶基因（ProDH）表达量提升。茉莉酸甲酯处理还提高了香稻秧苗素质,增加了抗性酶活性,提高了抗氧化能力。适度的茉莉酸甲酯能提高香稻2-AP含量和秧苗素质,归因于相关酶活性和基因表达量的提高。 相似文献
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为筛选适宜在广州从化区种植的香稻品种,以6个香稻品种为材料,调查各香稻品种的产量和籽粒香气(2-AP)含量。结果表明,软华优金丝产量最高,为548 kg/hm2,但象牙香占、青香优19香、美香占2号的产量与软华优金丝无显著差异。象牙香占籽粒2-AP含量最高,与青香优19香差异不显著,但显著高于其他品种。各品种2-AP含量高的原因在于叶片和籽粒中前体物质如脯氨酸、1-吡咯啉和1-吡咯啉-5羧酸含量保持较高水平。象牙香占、青香优19香和软华优金丝在从化种植可以同时保持较高的产量和籽粒2-AP含量,可为从化香米产业的发展提供良好的品种支持。 相似文献
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为了探明外源喷施γ-氨基丁酸和光照处理对香稻干物质积累与稻米品质的影响,以香稻品种Basmati、玉香油占和云粳优14为供试材料,比较分析3个试验处理(常规光照处理、弱光处理和弱光+喷施γ-氨基丁酸处理)下香稻的稻米品质和干物质积累。结果表明：与常规光照相比,弱光处理降低了香稻稻米的加工品质和外观品质,增加了其蛋白质含量,这可能与弱光降低了叶片的光合特性和干物质积累有关;喷施γ-氨基丁酸能够减轻弱光对整精米率的不利影响,改善玉香油占和云粳优14的稻米外观品质,显著影响弱光处理下稻米的蛋白质含量。进一步分析发现,弱光处理下外源喷施γ-氨基丁酸能够改善香稻叶片成熟期光合特性指标,提高香稻成熟期穗干物质积累量,影响香稻抽穗期不同部位干物质分配,促进香稻成熟期穗的干物质积累。综合分析,外源喷施γ-氨基丁酸可以缓解弱光胁迫对稻米品质和干物质积累产生的不利影响。 相似文献
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为推进水稻优质化进程，自2018年起广东省开始设立香稻组区域试验，粤香430是广东省第一批参试并通过审定的香稻新品种。该品种为感温型常规稻，株型集散适中，抗倒力强，丰产性好，稻米品质优，区试平均产量456.3 kg/667 m2，在区试组中名列第一，比香稻组对照美香占2号显著增产；稻米品质达部标优质1级，直链淀粉含量16.2%，长宽比3.3，有香味(2-AP含量675.0～1 030.9μg/kg)，品鉴食味分84.0～91.0分，米饭软滑、浓香，曾获广东首届稻米发展大会金奖。叶瘟1.4～3.0级，穗瘟3.0～3.4级，田间表现较强抗性，适宜广东省各地早、晚季种植。在广东阳山、化州、新会、茂名、南雄等地试种表现良好，已成为广东多个丝苗米产业园的生产和加工用种，具有很好的推广应用前景。 相似文献
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可持续发展农业和有机栽培越来越受到人们的关注。以常规香稻品种19香为试验材料,研究了有机栽培条件下不同机械种植方式（DD,旱插秧机旱插秧;DW,水插秧机旱插秧;D,机械旱直播;CK,常规水插秧）对香稻品种产量、品质及香气的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,DD处理水稻有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重和产量均无明显差异,D处理水稻产量显著下降;DD、DW和D处理的水稻香气合成关键基因BADH2表达受到抑制,从而明显提高了稻米香气,其中,DD处理香气物质（2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉）含量最高。综上所述,旱插秧机旱插秧适宜作为有机栽培条件下机械种植方式。 相似文献
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杂交香稻的香味遗传模式及育种研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
以川香28A和川香84A与无香味的恢复系CDR22、成恢177等杂交,研究F1和F2单粒稻米的香味遗传特点。结果表明F1稻米无香味,恢复系的无香味表现胚乳直感现象;杂种稻米(F2)无香味∶有香味符合15∶1的遗传分离比。川香28A与香稻恢复系636杂交,F1和杂种稻米(F2)的每粒米都有香味。结合过去的有关研究,提出杂交香稻香味遗传的双基因模式。介绍了运用香稻亲本转育香味基因,选育香稻保持系、恢复系和杂交香稻的育种方法和进展。 相似文献
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以香稻品种Basmati、湘晚籼13号、中香1号和非香稻常规品种黄华占为试验材料,以永顺县、江永县、长沙市为3个试验点,用GC-MS交替移动窗口因子分析法(AMWFA)定性定量分析水稻香气质量,并比较分析了这3个产区地形地貌差异性及其气候生态因子的差异性,讨论了主要香稻产区气候生态因子与水稻香气质量的相关性。研究结果表明,在香稻灌浆初期和灌浆中期日均气温最低、日最高气温最低、日最低气温最低,而气温日较差最大的传统地方香稻产区的香稻香味最浓,香味物质种类最多;日均气温低和气温日较差/昼夜温差大有利于提高稻米游离氨基酸和不饱和脂肪酸的种类及含量,这也是导致江永香稻和永顺香稻比长沙地区香稻香味更浓、米粒更油光发亮的原因之一。 相似文献
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为加快广西香稻品种选育及新育成品种的推广应用,利用感官法和仪器测定法对9个广西常规香稻品种的香味表型进行鉴定,利用吸嗅蒸汽法对其香味类型进行评价,并应用目前已经开发的6个香味基因变异类型的功能标记对其香味基因型进行鉴定。结果表明,感官法和仪器测定法鉴定结果一致,9个供试品种均为香稻品种;除桂野丰为芋头香型,其他8个品种均为爆米花香型;除桂茉香1号外,其他8个香稻品种均为第7外显子缺失8 bp变异类型。桂茉香1号香味评分75分,2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量74.838μg/kg,却不属于本研究检测的6种Badh2基因变异类型,有待进一步鉴定和研究。 相似文献
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F. Gay I. Maraval S. Roques Z. Gunata R. Boulanger A. Audebert C. Mestres 《Field Crops Research》2010
Aromatic quality of rice grains is known to vary greatly with environmental factors and cultivation methods. Among the environmental factors, soil salinity is thought to have a positive impact on the content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in grains, the key volatile compound of rice aroma. This study compared 2AP content in grains of three improved fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties grown in two fields, differing mainly in their soil salinity level. The impact of salinity on yield and main yield components was also investigated to understand the relationship between aromatic quality and yield build-up. Soil salinity was monitored by measuring the electrical conductivity (EC) of soil solution samples extracted every week. 2AP content in grains was determined by a newly developed stable isotope dilution method involving solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and GC MS/MS analysis. The results showed an increase of 2AP content in grains with salinity for the three varieties. The relationship between 2AP and mean EC of the crop fitted a single model for the three varieties (R2 = 0.728). In contrast, the impact of salinity on yield and yield components differed greatly between the three varieties. One variety appeared to be very sensitive to salt stress, with significant yield loss up to 40%, while the two other varieties proved to be resistant to the salinity levels experienced by the plants, with no significant yield loss or even higher yields in saline conditions. Nevertheless, the three varieties presented a significant negative correlation between 1000 grain weight (TGW) and the mean EC of the crop, and between TGW and 2AP content. It was concluded that the increase of 2AP content with salinity resulted partially from a 2AP concentration mechanism in smaller size grains. The direct effect of salinity on 2AP synthesis through stimulation of the proline metabolism is further discussed. 相似文献
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Present study aimed to assess silicon (Si) mediated yield, grain quality and regulations in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline accumulation (2-AP) in aromatic rice. Four different levels of Si at 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg kg−1 were applied to two aromatic rice cultivars i.e., Nongxiang 18 and Meixiangzhan 2, while pots without Si were served as control (CK). Results revealed that Si fertilization improved 2-AP, Si and proline contents in leaves and grains as well as activities of proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and net photosynthetic rates (Pn) (in leaves) while interfered with total N contents in leaves and grains. Moreover, leaves N and proline contents, and net photosynthetic rates (Pn) were decreased with plant age i.e., tillering > flowering > maturity while PRODH activities and Si contents were highest at flowering and maturity stages, respectively and minimum at tillering stage. Furthermore, growth, yield and quality components were also improved by Si application but results were not consistent regarding grain quality for both rice cultivars. Further, Si contents in leaves have significant positive relations (r = 0.3974, P < 0.05) with grain 2-AP contents at flowering stage. Hence, Si proved better for both rice cultivars whereas 2-AP contents were higher for Meixiangzhan 2 than Nongxiang 18. 相似文献
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为明确种植水稻对陕北盐碱地土壤理化性质的影响,并筛选适宜陕北地区种植的耐盐渍水稻品种,进一步探索陕北盐碱地改良利用方式,以陕西省定边县堆子梁镇营盘梁村土地开发项目为契机,开展大田试验。结果表明,水稻种植可以显著改善盐碱地表层（0~20 cm）土壤的理化性质,表层土壤pH值和含盐量较未种植水稻前分别降低5.7%和25.5%,全氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质含量则分别提高117.3%、45.9%、27.7%和67.3%。另外,种植不同水稻品种对盐碱地土壤酸碱度和含盐量影响基本无差异,但对表层土壤养分含量影响存在一定差异,水稻收获后,种植东稻4号的土壤全氮、有效磷含量最高,种植宁粳28的土壤有机质含量最高。隆优619产量较宁粳28、东稻4号分别提高4.96%和42.78%。 相似文献
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Luo Haowen He Longxin Du Bin Pan Shenggang Mo Zhaowen Yang Shuying Zou Yingbin Tang Xiangru 《水稻科学》2022,29(2):189-196
Epoxiconazole is a triazole compound. However, the effects of epoxiconazole on crop productivity and quality were rarely reported. In this study, we investigated the effects of epoxiconazole application on yield formation, grain quality attributes, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) content in fragrant rice. A three-year field experiment was carried out with a fragrant rice variety, Meixiangzhan 2. At the heading stage, 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 and 0.32 g/L epoxiconazole solutions were foliar applied to fragrant rice plants, respectively. The results showed that epoxiconazole application significantly increased grain yield, seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight. Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of fragrant rice during the grain-filling stage significantly increased due to epoxiconazole application. Foliar application of epoxiconazole at 0.08 g/L increased grain protein content and decreased both chalky rice rate and chalkiness area ratio of fragrant rice. Epoxiconazole also substantially increased grain 2-AP content by inducing the regulation in contents of related synthetic precursors, including proline, pyrroline-5- carboxylic acid, Δ1-pyrroline and methylglyoxal. Overall, foliar application of epoxiconazole could be used for the improvement in grain yield, grain quality and 2-AP content in fragrant rice production when applied concentration at 0.08–0.32 g/L. Our findings provided the new roles of epoxiconazole in crop production. 相似文献
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