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1.
Kondera E 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(3):355-362
The morphogenesis of head kidney haematopoietic cells in common carp has been shown to be very similar to that of higher vertebrates.
The erythropoietic series consisted of the erythroblasts (basophilic, polychromatic and orthochromic), young erythrocyte and
erythrocyte. The morphological changes that occur during maturation process are reduction in size and further increase at
mature stage, gradual chromatin condensation and the increase in haemoglobin content. Maturation stages of neutrophils and
basophils encompassed the young progranulocyte, progranulocyte and metagranulocyte. The early blast cells, basophilic lineage
and lymphocytes were regularly present in kidney. In the monocytoid series in kidneys, promonocytes and mature monocytes were
observed. Precursor stages of the eosinophile and thrombocyte were not discernible (although mature cells were observed).
Lymphoid cells were the most abundant, followed by granuloid, thrombocyte, erythroid, blast and monocytoid cells. The neutrophilic
progranulocyte was the most frequent granuloid cell. The lymphocyte was the most frequent cell in the kidney and the most
numerous of the lymphoid lineage. 相似文献
2.
用瑞氏染液对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的头肾、体肾、脾脏等器官组织的涂片、印片进行染色、观察、测定和统计,以研究血细胞发生。试验结果显示,红细胞的发育经历4个阶段,分别是原红细胞、幼红细胞、红细胞和衰老红细胞,细胞体积逐渐变小;粒细胞的发育经历5个阶段,分别是原粒细胞、早幼粒细胞、中幼粒细胞、晚幼粒细胞和成熟粒细胞,中性粒细胞的体积由大变小再变大,嗜酸性粒细胞体积逐渐变小;单核细胞和淋巴细胞的发育经历3个阶段,分别是原始、幼稚和成熟,细胞体积逐渐变小。珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的各种细胞体积均较其他鱼类的细胞体积大;中性粒细胞的体积与嗜酸性粒细胞的体积差异较大。脾脏中未观察到原红细胞和原粒细胞,仅在体肾中观察到巨噬细胞和网状细胞。头肾是珍珠龙胆石斑鱼最主要的造血器官,体肾次之。头肾和体肾是珍珠龙胆石斑鱼红细胞、粒细胞的主要发生器官;头肾、体肾、脾脏是原单核细胞、原淋巴细胞发生的主要场所。 相似文献
3.
Gijo Ittoop Kizhakkayil C George Nandiath K Sanil Rani Mary George Kizhakkecheruvil S Sobhana & Padmini C Nisha 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(16):1636-1643
The haemocytes of the Indian edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis were characterized using light and electron microscopy. The light microscopic study was conducted by staining a monolayer of the haemocytes with Geimsa. Cells without granules and with a large nucleus occupying much of the cytoplasmic area were grouped as hyalinocytes. Those with lesser amounts of basophilic cytoplasmic granules were characterized as semigranulocytes and those with large amounts of a mixture of acidophilic and basophilic granules were termed as granulocytes. Ultrastructural studies also revealed the presence of three types of haemocytes. Scanning electron microscopic studies were used to study the spreading behaviour of the haemocytes. Cytochemical studies revealed the presence of acidphosphatase, peroxidase and prophenol oxidase in the cells. 相似文献
4.
采用石蜡切片和组织涂片技术,对人工养殖圆口铜鱼(Coreius guichenoti)在正常和操作胁迫下头肾的组织、细胞形态结构及细胞数目进行研究,并探讨了其在操作胁迫后0.1、4、24 h 的变化特征.石蜡切片观察发现,圆口铜鱼头肾实质中无肾单位,主要由淋巴组织、造血组织、血管、肾间组织及黑色素巨噬细胞组成.各组织及细胞结构形态正常,分布规则.在操作胁迫后0.1、4 h 时,头肾中黑色素巨噬细胞数量较正常组显著增多,形成黑色素巨噬细胞中心,同时肾间组织增生,肾间细胞面积、核面积和核直径均有不同程度增大;在操作胁迫后24 h 时,黑色素巨噬细胞数量和肾间细胞面积、核面积、核直径均减小,并均低于正常组.组织涂片观察发现,正常圆口铜鱼头肾中主要有6类细胞:红细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、血栓细胞.应激后不规则红细胞增多,红细胞、嗜中性粒细胞数量和嗜碱性粒细胞持续减少;淋巴细胞和单核细胞数量在应激后0.1 h短暂增多,随后持续降低;血栓细胞数量持续增加.研究表明,圆口铜鱼头肾组织和细胞在应激后较短时间(0.1、4 h)内发生显著变化,部分组织的生物功能在24 h 时逐渐恢复正常.本研究可为圆口铜鱼及其他硬骨鱼类头肾的组织学研究、养殖与驯化过程中的健康监测等方面提供参考依据. 相似文献
5.
将体质量510~620 g的紫红笛鲷用间氨基苯甲酸乙酯甲磺酸盐麻醉后解剖,取出头肾、体肾、肝脏、脾脏,用干净的刀片居中横切、纵切,印片和涂片用Wright-Giemsa染液染色10 min,观察头肾、体肾、脾脏、肝脏4个组织印片以及外周血涂片。试验结果显示,头肾、体肾、脾脏是其造血器官。头肾能发育生成各类型血细胞,体肾能生成红细胞、淋巴细胞、粒细胞和单核细胞,脾脏能生成淋巴细胞。肝脏中未发现幼稚型血细胞。红细胞发育经过原红细胞、早幼红细胞、中幼红细胞、晚幼红细胞和红细胞5个阶段;原粒细胞发育至早幼粒细胞后,分化为嗜碱性中幼粒细胞、嗜酸性中幼粒细胞和中性中幼粒细胞,最后发育成嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞;淋巴细胞和单核细胞发育经过原始、幼稚和成熟3个阶段。血细胞在发育过程中,胞体逐渐变小,细胞核逐渐变小,染色质由疏松到致密;粒细胞中,颗粒由少到多。 相似文献
6.
Goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.), mobilized an acute, non-specific cellular inflammatory response against experimental infection with metacercariae of the digenean Ribeiroia marini in lateral line scale canals. The host cellular response to primary infection consisted of a rapid infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages that adhered to the metacercial cyst wall. Granulocytes released cytoplasmic granules, forming a necrotic zone around the cyst. Outside the necrotic zone, a fibrocytic zone and epithelioid cells formed a matrix upon which reactive leucocytes were attached in a progressive granulomatous encapsulation. Interdigitating epitheliod cells formed a syncytial border separating the necrotic zone from the outer fibrocytic region of the granuloma. Acute inflammatory response preceded the expulsion of most metacercariae from the scale canals. Few cysts remained encapsulated in epidermal tissue. Cellular response to challenge infections was more intense, but no major differences in leucocyte composition between primary and challenge infections suggested a continuum of inflammation and cell-mediated responses. In late primary and challenge infections, the predominant eosinophilic granular cell released cytoplasmic granules. We propose that the eosinophilic granular cell of the goldfish has an antiparasitic function, releasing bioactive granules that alter the environment of the scale canal and cause the expulsion of parasites. 相似文献
7.
The influence of salinity and dietary composition on blood parameter values (haematocrit, leucocrit, immature lymphocytes, mature lymphocytes, granulocytes, plasma osmolarity and total plasma protein) of red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) x O. mossambicus (Peters), was studied. Two groups of tilapia were fed a high-protein diet while kept in fresh or brackish water, respectively, and compared with two groups fed a low-protein diet under similar environmental conditions. Treatments were executed in duplo. Results show that salinity influenced all cellular blood parameters except the haematocrit. Dietary composition influenced the total plasma protein and haematocrit, while all parameters changed as time progressed during the experiment. It was concluded that the environmental parameters investigated in the present study should be considered when estimating fish health based on blood parameter values. 相似文献
8.
Leknes IL 《Journal of fish diseases》2012,35(6):455-460
The general structure and cell types in kidney and spleen in Buenos Aires tetra, Hyphessobrycon anisitsi, family Characidae, are described. The capability and capacity of these organs to clean foreign ferritin from the blood stream are analysed and compared. Head kidney was mainly composed of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and other white blood cells, whereas unmatured and matured red blood cells were few in number. Spleen often contained much red pulp, that is mainly matured red blood cells between splenic cords, often with some macrophages and neutrophils in the latter. Occasionally, this pulp contained large volumes of unmatured red blood cells, particularly in the periphery of the spleen. The splenic white pulp consisted of ellipsoids composed of an inner endothelial layer covered by a thick sheet of white blood cells, which in the periphery consisted mainly of macrophages. Erythrocytes occupied nearly the entire splenic volume in some specimens, whereas up to half of this volume was filled by ellipsoid macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and other white blood cells in other specimens. The macrophages and sinusoidal endothelial cells in kidney and spleen from ferritin-injected specimens were tightly packed by yellow-brown granules or Prussian blue precipitations, in tissue treated with Mallory stain or acid ferrocyanide, respectively, suggesting a large uptake of foreign ferritin. In the present tetra large amounts of white blood cells are developed in head kidney, where macrophages and sinusoidal endothelial cells play important roles in the cleansing of scavenger and foreign molecules and particles from the blood stream. The spleen seems primarily to be a site for iron recycling and production and storage of red blood cells. Sometimes, however, it was rich in macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and other white blood cells, suggesting functions like blood cleansing and non-specific and specific defence in such specimens. 相似文献
9.
Mario A. Burgos-Aceves Rafael Campos-Ramos Danitzia A. Guerrero-Tortolero 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(4):1263-1269
The peripheral blood cells and differential blood profile of captive female and male leopard grouper Mycteroperca
rosacea are described for aquacultural purposes. Basophilic, polychromatic, and orthochromic erythroblasts were observed as immature
erythrocytes that develop into mature erythrocytes. Young erythrocytes were not evident, and bi-lobed erythrocytes were extremely
scarce. Types of leukocytes included lymphocytes; three types of granulocytes (basophiles, eosinophiles, and neutrophiles);
monocytes; and a specialized amoeboid-like macrophage in the blood, which has not been previously described in fish-blood
literature. Thrombocytes were commonly observed. There was significantly higher erythropoiesis in males. Granulocytes and
lymphocytes of females were significantly higher than males, whereas monocytes and thrombocytes were not. 相似文献
10.
11.
Tamer El-Sayed Ali Abdelfattah Mohamed El-Sayed Mohamed Abdel-Razek Eissa Hebatollah Moustafa Hanafi 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(1):139-150
The present study was carried out to evaluate the use of Biogen and sodium butyrate (SB) as feed additives in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings, in two parallel experiments. Biogen was incorporated in isonitrogenous (35% crude protein) and isocaloric (19 MJ kg?1) diets at four levels (0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%), while SB was included at five levels (0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0%). The diets were fed to fingerling Nile tilapia (10.5 ± 0.5 g) at a daily rate of 4% of their body weight, three times a day, for 60 days. Except the lymphocytes and monocyte numbers in fish fed SB, hematological parameters, including red blood cell (RBC) hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin (Hb), and white blood cells (WBC) were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by dietary Biogen and SB. The lymphocytes number in Nile tilapia fed on SB increased with increasing SB up to 2% level, and decreased afterwards. Monocyte numbers showed irregular patterns. The activities of serum enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of fish fed diets containing Biogen or SB were not significantly affected by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). No structural differences of tilapia liver were detected between all Biogen treatments and sodium butyrate concentrations up to 1% with control. At concentrations of 2 and 3% sodium butyrate, liver steatosis increased leading to shrinked acentric nuclei. At a concentration of 2% Biogen, some glomerulus cells had fading cytoplasm. Concerning fish fed SB diets, the structure of kidney was the same as in control except at concentration of 3% SB, where the septum between cells disappeared. No changes in gill structure were noticed at all concentrations of Biogen and SB. 相似文献
12.
E. Kondera B. Teodorczuk K. Ługowska M. Witeska 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2018,44(3):1011-1018
The effects of Roundup (glyphosate-based herbicide) on peripheral blood parameters and hematopoietic tissue cellular composition and activity in common carp juveniles were evaluated. The fish were exposed for 7 days at 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, or 5.0 mg/L of glyphosate. In fish exposed to Roundup, hematological alterations were observed; however, most of them were not directly related to the herbicide concentration. An increase in Ht and MCV, and decrease in Hb, MCH, and MCHC compared to the control were observed. Fish exposed to Roundup showed also a reduction in WBC and oxidative metabolic activity of phagocytes (NBT) compared to the control. The fish exposed to 0.1 and 5.0 mg/L showed increased glucose values, whereas in those subjected to 0.5 mg/L blood glucose concentration declined compared to the control. Cholesterol significantly increased at 0.1 mg/L and decreased at 5.0 mg/L. Analysis of head kidney hematopoietic tissue revealed that Roundup at concentrations 0.5 and 5.0 mg/L caused a significant increase in the rate of cell proliferation accompanied by an increase in frequency of early blast cells. No significant differences occurred in percentages of most cell lineages but the frequency of monocytoid, eosinophilic, and basophilic lineage cells significantly increased in the herbicide-exposed fish compared to the control. The obtained results revealed that sublethal concentrations of Roundup that may occur in polluted natural waters caused a slight anemic and significant immunosuppressive response in common carp juveniles. On the other hand, they indicate a considerable compensatory potential of carp hematopoietic system. 相似文献
13.
Description of a new disease condition occurring in farmed coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), in South America 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Abstract. High levels of mortalities have been experienced in farmed coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisuteh (Walbaum), in the Gulf of Ancud, southern Chile. Most affected fish had similar skin lesions ranging from small areas of raised scales through white raised plaques to shallow ulcers. The fish were also generally dark, lethargic and anorexic. However, some affected fish appeared grossly normal with no skin lesions. Internal pathology consisted of varying degrees of ascites, peritonitis and general pallor. Spleens were generally enlarged. Kidneys and livers were swollen and grey in colour, often with pale focal lesions. Extensive histopathology was present in affected fish with tissue necrosis, intravascular necrotic thrombi, large basophilic cells and basophilic granules, some free in the tissues, some contained within cells. The basophilic granules, known locally as the 'UA', or unidentified agent, were thought to be the main aetiological agent, and are likely to be a rickettsia-like organism. 相似文献
14.
通过对成年似鲇高原鳅(Triplophysa siluroides)外周血细胞涂片及中肾、肝脏和脾脏组织的印片进行瑞氏(Wright’s)、过碘酸雪夫氏(PAS)和苏丹黑B(SBB)染色,观察各类血细胞形态、大小、分布及细胞化学特征。结果表明:似鲇高原鳅血细胞可分为红细胞、粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞和血栓细胞,各类血细胞的发生(除血栓细胞)均可分为原始、幼稚和成熟三个阶段。外周血中红细胞比例最多,为97.56%,白细胞中血栓细胞数量最多占52.86%,居白细胞的首位;三种粒细胞中嗜中性粒细胞数量最多占30.25%。粒细胞的主要发生场所在中肾占45.18%,红细胞的主要发生场所在脾脏,占71.62%,肝脏中未见原始血细胞。在中肾中同时可见嗜酸性、嗜碱性和嗜中性三种粒细胞的发生。各阶段的白细胞PAS染色均显示阳性,但只有各阶段的粒细胞SBB染色显示阳性。 相似文献
15.
Hematological Parameters and Blood Cell Morphology of Male and Female Schizothorax (Racoma) davidi (Sauvage) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Junde Fan Jing Fang Xi Peng Hengmin Cui 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(5):821-830
The aim of this study was to obtain a basic knowledge of the hematology of Schizothorax (Racoma) davidi (Sauvage). The results showed that red blood cell and white blood cell counts as well as mean cellular hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in females than in males, while mean cell volumes were significantly lower in females than in males. No significant differences were seen in other hematological parameters in relation with gender. Under light microscope, erythrocytes (mature and immature), leukocytes (neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes), and thrombocytes were distinguished. Mature erythrocytes were ellipsoidal cells with oval, central nucleus. Neutrophils contained banded or segmented nuclei. Small lymphocytes had a very thin rim of basophilic cytoplasm. Monocytes often possessed vacuoles in their cytoplasm. Thrombocytes existed in several forms with relatively large nucleus surrounded by a pink‐stained or hyaline cytoplasm. The percentage of the different leukocytes revealed predominance of neutrophils and small lymphocytes, followed by monocytes and large lymphocytes. The neutrophil percentages of each stage showed that metamyelocyte accounted for the most, followed by banded neutrophils. This investigation could be used for evaluation of the health status of cultured male and female S. davidi and will provide early detection of clinical pathology. 相似文献
16.
Gao Zexia Wang Weimin Yang Yi Khalid Abbas Li Dapeng Zou Guiwei James S. Diana 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2007,33(3):213-222
The peripheral blood cells of one-year-old Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) have been studied by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The erythrocyte count was 84.86 × 104 cell mm−3 in the peripheral blood of the fish and that of leukocytes was 2.24 × 104 cell mm−3. The erythrocytes and four main types of leucocyte—thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes (including neutrophils and eosinophils),
and monocytes, were identified in the peripheral blood. In addition to normal erythrocytes, reticulocytes and division of
erythrocytes were observed. Thrombocytes were the most numerous among the leukocytes, and the number of neutrophils with lobated
nuclei was larger than for other fish. The structures of the erythrocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and thrombocytes
of the fish were studied. The erythrocytes were almost completely devoid of organelles, except for some mitochondria and granules.
A large number of vacuoles and a few organelles were observed in cytoplasm of the monocytes. There were many microvilli on
the membrane and pseudopodia-like cytoplasm bulge in the lymphocytes. The neutrophils were round or oval in shape with bilobed,
trilobed, or multilobed nuclei whereas the eosinophils had big special granules, dark stained. There were many vesicles in
some thrombocytes, which were related to its phagocytosis; some thrombocytes had almost no cytoplasm or organelles. 相似文献
17.
淡水石斑鱼血细胞发生的观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对淡水石斑鱼血涂片及头肾、肾、脾和肝脏器印片的光镜观察,发现血细胞的发育大致经过3个阶段,即原始阶段、幼稚阶段、成熟阶段。试验对脏器中不同发育阶段的红血细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、粒细胞进行了观察和测量,并进行了分类统计。试验结果表明头肾、肾和脾是淡水石斑的主要造血器官,肝组织印片上未观察到原始阶段血细胞,提示肝脏不是淡水石斑鱼的造血器官。 相似文献
18.
Abstract. The host-parasite interface of Caryophyllaeus laticeps has been investigated in naturally infected bream, Abramis brama (L.), chub, Leuciscus cephalus (L.), and roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.), by light and electron microscopy. The fish were caught in the Ruhr-lake near Bochum. Bream showed the highest rate of infection and also harboured the largest worms compared to the two other host species. In all three cyprinids, the worms' scolices caused local compression of the host's intestinal epithelium. At the attachment site of scolices of medium- to large-sized worms, the intestinal epithelial cells were vacuolized and their brush border ruptured. These pathological effects were most pronounced in bream, which also showed conspicuous granulomas in the tunica propria adjacent to the scolices. A heavy infiltration of eosinophilic granulocytes was noted in chub and roach at the worms' attachment site. In bream, only the smallest worms provoked a slight eosinophilic reaction. It is concluded that the worms within the three host species were of different ages and that the chronic stage of infection, associated with the formation of granulomas, was only reached in bream, the major host. 相似文献
19.
Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), and channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), were experimentally infected by immersion with three isolates (Lake, DL8O5 and MS91452) of Streptococcus sp. from diseased fish. To enhance infection, the lateral body surface of each fish was scraped prior to bacterial exposure. The Lake and DL8O5 isolates caused exophthalmia, ocular opacity and ocular haemorrhage in some tilapia. Histopathology of these fish revealed; meningitis; polyserositis of heart, liver, spleen, ovary and kidney; splenitis; ovaritis; and myocarditis. Isolate MS91452 induced only mild granulomas in spleen, kidney and ovary of tilapia. The Lake and DL8O5 isolates induced endophthalitis, Channel catfish infected with the Lake and DL805 isolates developed similar eye lesions to tilapia. Histologic lesions caused by all three isolates in channel catfish consisted of meningoencephalitis, mild myocarditis, splenitis and ovaritis, but these lesions were not as severe as in Nile tilapia. 相似文献
20.
自噬是维持真核细胞稳态的重要过程，在细胞分化、发育、免疫等生理过程中发挥作用。目前，人们对于自噬相关基因（Autophagy related gene，ATG）在鱼类免疫应答中的功能仍知之甚少。本研究从大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）中克隆得到了自噬相关基因ATG5（LcATG5），其开放阅读框（ORF）全长828个核苷酸，编码275个氨基酸的蛋白质，预测的分子量为32.3 kD，等电点为5.7。氨基酸序列比对和系统进化分析结果显示，LcATG5与其他物种ATG5之间的序列一致性较高，含有1个高度保守的APG5结构域，并且与棘头梅童鱼（Collichthys lucidus）ATG5的亲缘关系最近。荧光定量PCR结果表明，LcATG5在所检测的11个组织或器官中均有表达，在血液中表达量最高，在脾脏中表达量最低；LcATG5在来源于大黄鱼头肾组织的原代粒细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞以及细胞系LYCK细胞中也均有表达，在原代粒细胞中表达量相对较高，而在巨噬细胞中相对较低；病毒类似物poly(I:C)刺激后，这4种免疫细胞中LcATG5的表达水平都显著上调，其在LYCK细胞中变化最为显著，刺激后12 h上调了3.93倍。过表达LcATG5的鲤上皮瘤（Epithelioma papulosum cyprinid, EPC）细胞受鲤春病毒血症病毒（Spring Viremia of Carp Virus, SVCV）感染48 h后，细胞病变效应（Cytopathic effects, CPE）明显高于对照组，细胞培养上清中SVCV的滴度为1013.82 TCID50/Ml，高于对照组109.27 TCID50/mL，同时细胞内SVCV标志基因SVCV-G、SVCV-M和SVCV-P的表达量分别上调了13.77倍、15.72倍和11.39倍，表明LcATG5过表达促进了EPC细胞中SVCV病毒增殖，这些结果为深入研究自噬和自噬相关基因在鱼类病毒感染过程中的作用及机制奠定了基础。 相似文献