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不同预处理对酸枣种子发芽的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
酸枣种子硬实率高达93.4%,自然条件下较难发芽出苗,进行一定处理可提高种子发芽率,有利于生产实践。本次试验对酸枣种子进行20 d和30 d层积催芽,60℃和35℃的温水浸种,浓硫酸浸种,4%NaOH浸种,29%H2O2浸种等预处理,测定不同的预处理方法对酸枣种子发芽的影响。结果表明：在发芽试验中,不同的预处理显著地提高了酸枣种子的发芽率,不同的预处理方法对种子发芽率的影响不同,低温层积30 d＋98%硫酸带壳浸泡30 min＋清水浸泡24 h＋60℃温水浸泡48 h可以使酸枣种子的发芽率达到最高。 相似文献
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对樟科Lauraceae 3个属的代表性树种的种子休眠与萌发特性进行研究．结果表明:新采集的樟树Cinnamoumcamphora (linn．)Presl、檫树Sassafras Tzumu(Hemsl．)Hemsl和闽楠Phoebe bournei(Hemse．)Yang的种子胚形态发育正常,除檫树种子外,樟树和闽楠种子的离体胚能正常萌发,在黑暗条件下,3个树种的完整种子于15-35℃温度范围内,无论恒温和变温均不能萌发,闽楠种子仅在光照下30、35℃恒温和30℃日／20℃夜变温中较窄的温度范围内能萌发,但发芽迟缓、过程长、萌发率低;3个树种的种子均具生理休眠特性,种皮透气性差和存在发芽抑制物质是樟树种子休眠的原因,低温(5℃)层积80 d,不能完全解除休眠,在30℃日／20℃夜最适变温条件下．并给予适当光照,萌发率仅为41．00％;采用0．5％KNO3+0．10％GA3溶液浸种2 h后低温层积80 d,在光照条件下,萌发率可提高到74．00％;胚存在发芽抑制物质和种皮透气性差是引起檫树种子休眠的最初原因,经低温层积后,种皮防碍抑制物质向外渗透是种子不能完全解除休眠的关键因素,低温层积240 d,在25℃日／15℃夜最适温度下,光暗中的萌发率仅为59．00％-54．00％．而采用4％H2O2+0．10％GA3溶液浸种后低温层积．萌发率可高达87．00％;种皮透气性差,发芽要求特殊的温度和一定的光照是闽楠种子休眠的原因,低温层积60 d,在光照条件下,20、25℃恒温和30℃日／15℃夜变温适宜温度中,萌发率能达77．33％-85．33％． 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(6)
【目的】研究低温(4℃)保存和自然保存两种处理后,桢楠种子在恒温(25℃)和变温(15℃/25℃)条件的萌发过程中,种子内源激素含量及其动态变化,以及内源激素与种子萌发率的关系,为阐明桢楠种子的萌发机制提供理论基础,也为其繁育与开发应用提供参考依据。【方法】采用酶联免疫吸附测定法对桢楠种子的内源激素含量及动态变化进行测定。【结果】1)自然保存的种子在恒温(25℃)条件下发芽率不足30%,最高为27.3%,在变温(15℃/25℃)条件下的发芽率不足40%,最高为37.0%,而经过低温(4℃)处理的种子在变温(15℃/25℃)条件下的发芽率最高可达66.0%;2)经过低温(4℃)处理后的种子在变温(15℃/25℃)条件下的内源激素含量GA3为417.17 ng·g-1,IAA为211.67 ng·g-1,ZR为47.69 ng·g-1,均高于恒温(25℃)下的GA3、IAA、ZR含量,GA3和ZR含量呈现出先上升后下降趋势,ABA和IAA含量则表现为先下降后上升趋势;3)在变温(15℃/25℃)条件下内源激素GA3/ABA、ZR/ABA、(GA3+IAA+ZR)/ABA比值均比恒温(25℃)条件下高;4)在恒温(25℃)条件和变温(15℃/25℃)条件下的种子发芽率与GA3/ABA、IAA/ABA、ZR/ABA及(GA3+IAA+ZR)/ABA的比值均呈显著或极显著正相关。【结论】低温(4℃)可以解除桢楠种子的休眠,显著提高种子的发芽率,在变温(15℃/25℃)条件能够打破种子内源激素间的平衡,增加促进种子萌发的内源激素含量,降低抑制种子萌发的内源激素含量,进而提高种子的发芽率。 相似文献
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为了确定不同浸种处理对柳叶沙棘种子萌发变异性影响,印度西部五个种源(Hanurnan Chatti,Helang,Lata,Rambara和Janggal Chatti)的成熟的柳叶沙棘种子分别浸在不同浓度的赤霉素(GA3,50、100、200mM)和硫代尿素(50、100、200mM))溶液中,进行冷层积(4℃)处理15,30和60天。结果表明:被预处理的种子萌发率比对照的提高24.66%～35.34%。经硫代尿素(100mM)和冷层积(4℃)处理30天的预处理后,种子萌发率最高,分别为63%～71%和76%～83%。赤霉素(GA3)可以明显缩短种子萌发率时间。鉴于考虑到实际操作和费用问题,经硫代尿素(100mM)和冷层积处理(4℃)是最好的组合处理之一,可促进柳叶沙棘种子繁殖,并可应用于印度西部的喜马拉雅地区的林木育种。 相似文献
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在孟加拉Khulna大学森林和木材技术学科苗圃,调查了预处理的苦楝种子的萌发情况。成熟的苦楝种子采自国家植物园内的健康植株,对种子进行了5 种处理(对照,冷水浸泡,热水浸泡,砂纸破皮和浓硫酸浸泡)。结果表明,除了冷水浸泡外,其它播种预处理的种子萌发率显著高于对照种子。砂纸破皮处理的种子萌发率最高(80%),浓硫酸浸泡和热水浸泡的种子萌发率分别是74%和69%。苦楝种子在第8～11天开始萌发,萌发周期是20～21天。方差分析表明,预处理显著影响种子萌发率,但对萌发周期没有显著影响。推荐用热水浸泡处理种植在孟加拉农村的苦楝种子促进萌发。图2表2参30。 相似文献
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为找出最优育种方法,提高发芽率,获取更多优质种苗,从而为漆树种质资源及产业发展提供指导,采用三因素(98%的H_2SO_4、400 mg/L的GA3、砂藏时间)三水平的全因素试验方法,每处理设置单个变量,共计27个处理组合,对不同种源漆树种子萌发条件进行研究。结果表明:A种源漆树种子的最佳萌发条件为,98%的H_2SO_4处理30 min+400 mg/L GA3处理60 min+砂藏30 d;B种源漆树种子萌发率最高的条件为,98%的H2SO4处理30 min+400 mg/L GA3处理60 min+砂藏20 d;C种源漆树种子萌发率最高的条件为,98%的H_2SO_4处理30 min+400 mg/L GA3处理120 min+砂藏20 d。98%的H2SO4处理时间、400 mg/L GA3处理时间、砂藏时间对不同种源的漆树种子发芽率、芽长、芽粗均存在极显著影响。 相似文献
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不同种子处理方法对铁刀木种子萌发的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
铁刀木是一种多用途树种,广泛分布于东南亚国家和中国的云南、广东、广西和福建等地.种子种皮透水性差,必须经过适当处理提高种皮透性才能萌发.本文对铁刀木种子自然储藏特性与种子萌发方法进行试验,结果表明:铁刀木新鲜种子的发芽率可达95%以上,随着储藏时间的增加,其发芽率逐渐降低,储存3个月后,种子发芽率迅速降低,其发芽率只有75%,储存9个月后种子发芽率只有30%左右.在有光条件下的发芽率和发芽势明显高于不需光条件处理,萌发天敷比不需光条件下的萌发天数缩短了38.6d.采用破伤种皮、用80℃温水浸泡2,0min和80%硫酸浸泡种子15min处理对铁刀木种子萌发均有促进作用,与对照相比,发芽势明显提高,萌发天数明显缩短.特别是80%硫酸浸泡和破伤种皮在缩短萌发天教更为明显,比对照缩短了120d以上.由于破伤种皮比较费时费力,因此,在进行铁刀木种子育苗时,一般不宜采用.采用80%硫酸浸泡种子15min或80℃温水浸种30min,可有效提高种子萌发的整齐度和缩短发芽时间. 相似文献
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对巴西盾柱木(Peltophorum dubium)种子进行了4种处理的吸胀实验,即将种子分别置于10℃和27℃下0.2% Captan溶液中和-1.0MPa的PEG6000溶液中,每个处理有四个重复,40粒种子,置于培养皿中浸满实验溶液的双层过滤纸上,覆以透气良好的薄膜.种子在实验前均用98%的浓硫酸处理15分钟以打破机械休眠.吸胀曲线显示,种子在吸胀过程中最终重量的增加值为70%-150%,以后进入一个停滞期.在5种处理下(对照组,PEG6000溶液中10℃和27℃下预处理,Captan溶液中10℃和27℃下预处理),对种子萌发所受到的影响进行了实验.每一个处理分别进行3个次级处理,即在实验前,将种子用蒸馏水分别浸泡12、24和36小时.萌发率最高的是经过蒸馏水浸泡12小时对照组种子和PEG 27℃组的种子,萌发率达到100%;萌发率最低的是蒸馏水中浸泡36小时的PEG 27℃组的种子,萌发率为52%;经过蒸馏水浸泡24小时的PEG 10℃组种子的平均萌发时间为1.08天.蒸馏水中浸泡12小时的PEG 27℃组种子平均萌发时间为2.42天,其它处理的萌发时间值介于两者之间.对预处理和未经预处理种子通过加速老化实验,对其活力和生存力进行了测试.经72小时加速老化,种子萌发率低或没有萌发力.对照组种子在培养皿(27℃)和室温条件下蛭石中的萌发率都比处理组高,表现了对老化更强的抗性. 相似文献
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Balbir Singh Rawat Vinod Prasad Khanduri Chandra Mohan Sharma 《林业研究》2008,19(2):125-130
研究赤霉素(GA3),冷湿和温度 对五个种源的印度冷杉(Abies pindrow)和长叶云杉(Picea smithiana)种子萌发的影响.种子被浸泡在GA3 (10 mg(L-1)中24小时,然后在3(5(C温度的条件下冷藏15天.设计4个温度(10(C, 15(C, 20(C 和 25(C)条件来促进种子的萌发.结果表明,浸泡和冷湿处理明显增加种子的萌发率.在10 (C时种子的萌发率最高.总体结果表明,种子被浸泡在GA3 (10 mg(L-1)中24小时,冷湿藏15天,可以有效地促进印度冷杉和长叶云杉的种子萌发.统计数据表明,浸泡处理、温度和种源以及与温度的相互作用都对种子的萌发有明显的影响. 相似文献
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The effects of seed moisture content (MC), gibberellic acid (GA3) concentration, chilling and priming pretreatments on the germination of common alder (Alnus glutinosa) and downey birch (Betula pubescens) seeds were examined. After treatment, the seeds were allowed to germinate for 42 days at 15 °C or 20 °C (dark)/30 °C (light). Treatment responses were similar at both temperatures and in both species. GA3 treatment of seeds in fully imbibed (FI) state for 30 days, or at the lower, target moisture content (TMC) for 30–90 days, significantly improved germination, but longer treatment periods reduced it (FI seeds) or had no effect (TMC seeds). Priming for two days improved germination in the FI seeds, but more than 4 days reduced it. Priming for up to 14 days had little effect on the germination of the TMC seeds. 相似文献
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Variations in seed germination of Hippophae salicifolia with different presoaking treatments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mature seeds of H. salicifolia, collected from five provenances (i.e. Hanuman Chatti, Helang, Lata, Rambara and Janggal Chatti) in west Himalaya, India,
were treated with stratification (at 4°C for 15, 30 and 60 days) and in different concentrations of GA3 (5, 10, 20 mM), KNO3 (50, 100, 200 mM) and Thiourea (50, 100, 200 mM) solution to determine the variations in seed germination. Results reveal
that the germination rates of seeds from different provenances under different pre-sowing treatments are significantly increased
compared to those in control (24%–30%). The seeds treated with Thiourea (100 mM) have highest germination rate (76%–83% for
different seed sources), followed by those (63%–71% for different seed sources) pretreated with stratification (4°C, 30 days).
GA3 treatment significantly shortens the mean germination time (MGT) and improves seed germination percentage. Considering
the practical applicability and cost effectiveness, thiourea (100 mM) and stratification (at 4°C) treatments for seed germination
are recommended for mass multiplication through seeds of H. salicifolia in village/forest nurseries of the west Himalaya, India. 相似文献
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Cassie R. Rodrigues 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(1):46-58
Natural forest succession takes a long time to accumulate sufficient nutrients to support plant growth and enhance soil microbial activity. Human intervention in selecting native pioneer plant species is therefore required to accelerate sustainable restoration. Trema orientalis (L.) Blume, a fast growing pioneer plant species, has the ability to grow in nutrient deficient soils and proves to have reclamation potential in mine wastelands. However, its use has been limited due to low germination percentages and nonsynchronous seed germination. In the present study we tested the effect of sulphuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), gibberellic acid (GA3), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) in varying concentrations and time durations on germination percentages and seed germination synchrony. We found that all treatments had a significant effect in predicting seed germination probabilities. Logistic regression analysis revealed that treatment solution and concentration had a significant effect on seed germination. Treatment with concentrated H2SO4 for 15 min increased germination up to 92% within 20 days with the least imbibition time (8 days) and highest Seedling Vigor Index (491). The scanning electron microscope images of seeds treated with H2SO4 showed complete dissolution of the honeycomb-like network of deposits on the seed coat surface removing the physical barrier and enhancing germination. 相似文献
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We investigated the morphology and germination of Tamarindus indica seeds in order to discover the effects of variation in seed sources and pre-sowing treatments on germination. The experiment was carried out in the nursery of the Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh. Seeds were collected from different but healthy trees from various locations in Bangladesh and subjected to four pre-sowing treatments, i.e., control, immersion in cold water (4°C for 24 h), immersion in hot water (80°C for 10 min) and scarification with sand paper. Seed germination was carried out in poly-bags with a mixture of topsoil and cow dung in the ratio of 3:1. The average length of the fresh seeds was 1.35±0.26 cm, their width 1.07 ±0.20 cm and thickness 0.69±0.11 cm. The results revealed that pre-sowing treatments affected the germination process of seeds, which significantly increased the germination percentage with the cold water (81.67%) and scarification with sand paper (82.33%) treatments, compared with those in the control (58.33%) and hot water treatment (59.00%). In all treatments germination started on average within 5 to 7 days after the start of the treatments and were completed from 13 to 19 days later. The greatest success in germination (82.33%) was found in scarification with sand paper, followed with 81.67% in the cold water treatment. The results of analyses of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences (p<0.05) in germination closing dates, seed germination periods and germination percentages among the treatments but no significant difference among seed sources. However, the effect of the interaction between seed source variation and pre-treatment differed significantly in seed germination closing dates and germination percentages. We recommend cold water treatment (submersion of seed at a temperature of 4°C for a 24-h period) for seed germination of T. indica in rural Bangladesh. 相似文献
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Seeds of Albizia chinensis(Osb.) Merr. in addition to water were also treated with different treatments by incubating in ethyl alcohol, acetone, and petroleum ether at room temperature for different du... 相似文献
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Seed morphology, germination and seedlings growth of Acacia auriculiformis were studied. The experiment was conducted in the nursery of Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Khulna University,
Bangladesh. Matured seeds of the species were collected from healthy trees of road side plantation from different areas of
Khulna District, Bangladesh and treated with five pre-sowing treatments (control, immersion in cold water, immersion in hot
water, scarification with sand paper and immersion in concentrated H2SO4). The average length, breadth and thickness were found to be (0.58±0.017) cm, (0.44±0.007) cm and (0.20±0.089) cm, respectively.
Germination was conducted in polybags with a mixture of top soil, coconut husk, coarse sand, and fine sand in a ratio of 3:4:1:1.
Results reveal that pre-sowing treatments influences the germination rates of seeds that significantly increase the percentage
germination compared with those in control (43%) and cold water treatment (52%). The highest germination success rate was
found 83% in hot water treatment followed by 78% in scarification with sand paper, and 75% with immersion in H2SO4. Germination started from 7 to 12 days and completed between 28 and 35 days period in all treatments. ANOVA showed the significant
difference (p<0.05) among the treatments in seed germination, but no significant difference among treatment with regard to starting day,
closing day and total germination period. In case of height and diameter growth, seedlings originated from the seeds with
hot water treatment shows significantly higher in wet season (from May to July). Hot water treatment can be recommended on
seed germination of the species in rural Bangladesh. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(4):273-279
Abstract The response of common alder [Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.] and downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) seeds to germination temperature was examined following chilling and priming. Seeds of two seed lots of each species were subjected to combinations of chilling (4±1°C) and priming (20°C) treatments in fully imbibed (FI) state or a lower target seed moisture content (TMC) level (30% and 35% in alder and birch, respectively). After treatment, the seeds were allowed to germinate for 56 days at constant temperatures of 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30°C. The response to temperature and pretreatment differed between species, but the effect was consistent in each seed lot within each species. In alder, the TMC seeds germinated well across the full range of temperatures, whereas there was an optimum temperature (22–23°C) for seeds given the FI pretreatment. Priming had no significant effect on the germination response of the TMC seeds in alder, but priming greatly improved germination in the FI seeds, especially at the lower germination temperatures (optimum 18–19°C). In contrast, in birch, the TMC seeds germinated better across the full temperature range, but the optimal germination temperature (15°C) was the same for all seed pretreatments. Priming improved germination in both the FI and TMC seeds in birch. 相似文献
19.
Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) seeds were collected from the west part of Turkey in the fall of 2002. Seeds with pericarp (+) or without pericarp (−)
were treated with 1000 mg/l, 2000 mg/l and 3000 mg/l GA3 concentrations, cold stratified at +4 ± 1°C for 25 and 50 days, punctured and seed coat removed to overcome and assess the
mechanism of laurel seed dormancy. A period of 50 days cold stratification and removing seed coat significantly increased
germination rate to 55% ± 1.91 (Mean ± SE) and 85% ± 3.00, respectively. None of the seeds with pericarp germinated regardless
of treatment they underwent. Results suggested that seed dormancy was mainly due to pericarp and perhaps inhibitors linked
to seed coat. 相似文献
20.
V. Sivakumar R. Anandalakshmi R. R. Warrier M. Tigabu P. C. Odén S. N. Vijayachandran S. Geetha B. G. Singh 《New Forests》2006,32(2):121-131
Seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica have slow and erratic germination; thus different presowing treatments were applied to enhance the germination of its seeds
collected from Tamaraikulam, Tamil Nadu, India. In addition, the effects of desiccation and different storage conditions on
the germination of S. nux-vomica seeds were investigated. The results show that soaking in 500 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3) for 24 h, incubation of seeds at 40 °C for 3 days and alternate water soaking (16 h) and drying (8 h) for 14 days significantly
increased the percentage germination compared to the control. Desiccation of seeds down to 10% moisture content resulted in
better germination. Germination of S. nux-vomica seeds differed significantly between different storage periods, moisture contents of the seed and for first and second order
interactions (p<0.001). The highest germination (92%) was achieved when seeds with 10% moisture content were stored at ambient temperature
for 30 weeks. Evidence from the present study indicates that S. nux-vomica seeds possess physiological dormancy that can be broken effectively by after-ripening. As seeds of S. nux-vomica are found to be desiccation tolerant, dry seed (10% moisture content) can be hermitically stored at ambient temperature for
30 weeks without losing their viability. 相似文献