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品牌农药： 红大阳高峰： 1％甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐 EC 大力士： 20％吡虫啉 SL 路路通： 12％高氯·毒 EC 高效大功臣： 5％高渗吡虫啉 WP 大功臣： 10％吡虫啉 WP 杀螨特： 15％哒螨灵 EC 杀螨特： 20％哒螨灵 WP 状元星： 2.5％溴氰 EC 独家星： 50％毒·甲·辛 EC 小康： 10％氯氟氰 WP 惊雷： 10％顺式氯氰 EC 福乐庆： 5.7％氟氯氰 EC 绿色威雷Ⅱ： 8％氯氰菊酯微胶囊剂 杀灭菊酯： 20％氰戊菊酯 EC 节节高： 5％溴氰 WP 大将军： 5％顺式氯氰 EC 绿状元： 4.5％高氯 EC 辛硫磷： 40％辛硫磷 EC 同花顺： 40.7％毒死… 相似文献
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杧小果普瘿蚊Procontarinia fructiculi是广西百色杧果花期的新害虫,在室内采用浸渍法筛选出对杧小果普瘿蚊幼虫杀虫效果较好的杀虫剂,在杧果花穗抽发期采用喷雾法开展田间防治试验。结果表明,45%毒死蜱EC 1 000倍液、522.5 g/L氯氰菊酯·毒死蜱EC 1 000倍液、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂1 000倍液处理在药后24 h和48 h对杧小果普瘿蚊老熟幼虫的校正死亡率均在90%以上;田间试验表明,45%毒死蜱EC 1 000倍液、522.5 g/L氯氰菊酯·毒死蜱EC 1 000倍液、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯ME 1 000倍液处理对杧小果普瘿蚊的防治效果分别为97.36%、98.32%和100%,平均虫果率均小于3%,这3种药剂可作为防治杧小果普瘿蚊的药剂在生产上使用。 相似文献
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在花椒绵粉蚧发生严重的花椒林地进行药效防治试验的结果显示:①在供试的6种药荆中,10%吡虫啉WP效果最好,其次是45%石硫合剂结晶粉、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC、20%灭多威EC;②各种药剂低、中、高3种浓度间差异不显著,在防治中只要应用时间得当,喷雾均匀,用稀释倍数较大的浓度也会取得较理想的防治效果;③两次喷雾处理效果极显著好于1次喷雾. 相似文献
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为了明确为害栽培羊肚菌的跳虫种类,筛选对跳虫杀虫效果明显且对羊肚菌菌丝生长影响较小的杀虫剂,通过COⅠ基因片段系统进化分析对不同地区羊肚菌上的跳虫进行分类,结果显示四川成都和河南驻马店虫样属长角跳科,四川金堂虫样属棘跳科,四川泸定和河南郑州虫样属球角跳科。采用菇片浸渍法和药膜法测定了9种杀虫剂对跳虫的杀虫活性,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME、10%吡虫啉WP和0.5%苦参碱EW的LC_(50)在10 mg/L以下,杀虫活性最好;其次为10%烯啶虫胺EW、25%噻虫嗪WP。采用平皿菌丝生长速率法测定了9种杀虫剂对羊肚菌菌丝生长的影响,10%吡虫啉WP对菌丝的抑制作用最小,EC_(50)为707.353 mg/L;其次为45%马拉硫磷EC、10%烯啶虫胺EW、150 g/L茚虫威SC、25%吡蚜酮SC和2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME。基于杀虫活性和对羊肚菌的安全性评价综合考虑,吡虫啉为最佳选择,其次为烯啶虫胺和茚虫威。 相似文献
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为明确常用杀虫剂对谷子生长的安全性及粟凹胫跳甲的防治效果，采用田间小区试验方法对氯氰菊酯·吡虫啉、吡虫啉、氯氰菊酯等3种杀虫剂对粟凹胫跳甲的田间防治效果进行了测定。结果表明，5%氯氰菊酯·吡虫啉乳油在40 mL/667m2和50 mL/667m2施用剂量下对谷子粟凹胫跳甲具有良好的防控作用；施药后7 d防效分别达91.71%、95.49%,显著高于单剂5%吡虫啉乳油40 mL/667m2剂量下和10%氯氰菊酯乳油20 mL/667m2剂量下的防效。5%氯氰菊酯·吡虫啉乳油对谷子生长无显著不良影响，建议推广使用。 相似文献
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常用杀虫剂与球孢白僵菌的相容性及对温室白粉虱的协同防效 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验测定6种常用杀虫剂对球孢白僵菌孢子萌发、菌丝生长和产孢量的影响,并选取相容性高的杀虫剂在10倍稀释浓度下与球孢白僵菌复配对温室白粉虱进行防治。结果表明,球孢白僵菌与10%吡虫啉WP的相容性最高,而与2.5%联苯菊酯EC和20%高氯·噻嗪酮EC相容性较差,在10倍稀释浓度下10%吡虫啉WP对孢子萌发和菌丝生长的抑制率分别为12%和3.38%,产孢量为1.94×106个/mL。对白粉虱协同防效试验中,3个处理间存在显著差异,复配药剂的防效最高能达到85.19%,在防治3d后一直维持在80%以上,高于单独使用球孢白僵菌制剂和10%吡虫啉WP的防效。因此,在温室白粉虱的防治过程中,可利用生防真菌制剂与低浓度的化学杀虫剂复配,从而达到增效作用。 相似文献
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针对真菌杀虫剂杀虫较慢、致死率较低的缺点,在IPM中常将其与亚致死量的化学农药混用,为此需不断测定其与各种新上市农药的相容性。本研究测定了当前农药市场上销售的7种杀虫剂和3种除草剂对10株球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana孢子萌发率、生长速度和产孢量的影响。结果表明,所有供试杀虫剂和除草剂在常规使用浓度下对球孢白僵菌分生孢子萌发都有显著抑制作用,抑制作用随农药浓度的降低而减弱;8%氯氰菊酯（绿色威雷微胶囊剂CM）、30%草除灵（草除灵悬浮剂BN）和6.9%精噁唑禾草灵（精噁唑禾草灵水乳剂FE）在稀释10倍后对孢子萌发无显著抑制作用。所有杀虫剂和除草剂在常规浓度下对菌丝生长均有显著抑制作用,1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（威克达乳油EB）、40%毒死蜱（毒死蜱乳油CP）、4.5%氯氰菊酯（高效氯氰菊酯乳油BC）和8%氯氰菊酯稀释10倍后的抑制作用较小,8%氯氰菊酯甚至对RCEF0894菌丝生长有促进作用。所有杀虫剂和除草剂对产孢量均有极显著的抑制作用。综合比较,在与供试农药混用时,菌株RCEF0013和RCEF0383的产孢较好,而菌株RCEF0895、RCEF0896和RCEF0897菌丝生长较快。8%氯氰菊酯、30%草除灵和6.9%精噁唑禾草灵与球孢白僵菌的相容性相对较好,是菌药混用可能选择的对象。 相似文献
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麦田草地贪夜蛾农药防治技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
草地贪夜蛾可为害苗期至灌浆期的小麦, 但国内目前尚未进行麦田农药防治的研究工作。我们利用农业农村部推荐的草地贪夜蛾防控药剂在云南完成了对拔节期麦田草地贪夜蛾的防治试验, 结果表明, 不同类型农药7 d后的防治效果有显著差别。25%乙基多杀菌素WG、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺SC、5%多杀霉素SC、5%甲维盐ME、10%虫螨腈SC、50 g/L虱螨脲EC、150 g/L茚虫威及10%高效氯氟氰菊酯EC防效为70.4%~97.2%, 拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂10%高效氯氰菊酯EC和有机磷杀虫剂40%氧乐果EC的防效分别为49.8%和46.8%。生物农药32 000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌WP防效为65.1%, 100亿孢子/mL短稳杆菌SC、300亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌WP和10亿PIB/L斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒SC的防效为35.3%~41.9%。因此, 麦田草地贪夜蛾种群高密度下建议使用乙基多杀菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺等化学农药防治, 低密度下可选择苏云金杆菌、短稳杆菌等生物农药, 研究结果为麦类作物草地贪夜蛾的应急防控提供了依据。 相似文献
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为了更科学合理地选择防治苹果黄蚜的药剂, 采用浸渍法测定了虫生真菌毒素-破坏素A和杀虫剂1.8%阿维菌素EC、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC、10%吡虫啉WP、40%啶虫脒WG、10%烯啶虫胺AS等对苹果黄蚜的毒力, 结果显示, 上述药剂对苹果黄蚜的致死中浓度(LC50)分别为0.016、0.221、0.221、2.242、9.793和8.247 mg/L, 表明破坏素A对苹果黄蚜具有较高的毒力, 1.8%阿维菌素EC和4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC次之。进一步筛选破坏素A与杀虫剂的最佳混配比例, 结果表明, 当破坏素A和1.8%阿维菌素EC以4∶6、5∶5、6∶4、7∶3、8∶2、9∶1的比例混配时均具有显著的增效作用, 混配比为9∶1时共毒系数为176.36, 毒力效果最佳。生物杀虫剂破坏素A与阿维菌素的混配施用在苹果黄蚜的防治中具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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本文室内评价了5种防治韭菜迟眼蕈蚊常用化学农药(辛硫磷、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺、高效氯氟氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯)与高毒力球孢白僵菌YB8的相容性,并测定了菌药联合使用对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的毒力效果。结果表明不同浓度的5种农药对菌株YB8生长均有一定的影响。其中噻虫嗪和噻虫胺在供试浓度下对孢子萌发无显著影响,5 d时能促进菌株YB8菌落生长,且随着浓度降低促进作用加强(抑制率为-2.26%~-15.69%),10 d时对菌株YB8生长略有抑制作用(抑制率为0.29%~8.33%);高效氯氟氰菊酯(16.7 mg/L)和高效氯氰菊酯高浓度(30 mg/L)均对孢子萌发有抑制作用(孢子萌发率分别为86.87%、86.82%),而低浓度(1.67、3 mg/L)则促进孢子萌发(孢子萌发率分别为124.96%、104.10%);二者不同浓度对菌落生长均有一定的影响,其中高效氯氰菊酯在低浓度3 mg/L时,5和10 d的菌落生长抑制率分别为-32.64%和-13.11%;辛硫磷与菌株YB8相容性差,随着浓度增加,孢子萌发率明显降低,菌落生长明显受到抑制。5种农药与菌株YB8联合使用的生物测定结果表明,联合作用时农药的LC50值降低,菌株YB8对韭蛆的LT50缩短。因此,生产上推荐菌株YB8与噻虫嗪和噻虫胺联合使用,而避免与高浓度辛硫磷、高效氯氟氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯联合使用。 相似文献
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新烟碱类杀虫剂在苹果果实不同部位中的残留 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了明确噻虫嗪、烯啶虫胺、吡虫啉、啶虫脒、噻虫胺和呋虫胺6种新烟碱类杀虫剂在苹果果实不同部位中的迁移转化规律,以10年生红富士苹果树为试材,分别于蚜虫发生期 (7月10日) 和果实采收前1 d (9月25日) 通过整株喷雾施药,随机取样,采用高效液相色谱仪测定,外标法定量,分析各杀虫剂在生长期套袋果实和不套袋果实及储藏期果实不同部位中的残留量及迁移规律。结果表明:在果实套袋情况下,施药后72 h内果实不同部位各新烟碱类杀虫剂的含量均呈现先逐渐上升而后下降的趋势,且在果皮中的残留量最低 (均低于0.08 mg/kg),其中烯啶虫胺和吡虫啉在果皮中的残留量低于最低检测浓度,而在果柄和果肉中的残留量明显高于果皮中的,表明套袋果实中药剂主要来源于枝叶运输,经果柄进入果实后易向果肉累积;在果实未套袋情况下,施药后72 h 6种杀虫剂在果肉中的含量均高于套袋果实果肉中的,分别是套袋果实果肉中含量的7.75、3.52、3.36、6.57、2.92和3.06倍,表明套袋可有效降低果实中该类药剂的残留量。储藏试验结果表明:直接向果面喷施6种新烟碱类杀虫剂后,药剂主要存在于果皮中,施药后14和21 d在果肉中的含量均低于最低检测浓度,表明储藏期果皮为该类药剂的主要残留部位,且不易向果肉中转移。 相似文献
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新烟碱类杀虫剂在韭菜中的内吸性及其对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的毒力比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过药剂水培法,研究比较了不同培养条件对7种新烟碱类杀虫剂在韭菜中的内吸性及其对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga(Diptera:Sciaridae)4龄幼虫的毒力。结果表明:随着水培时间的延长,韭菜中7种杀虫剂对供试幼虫的毒力均呈增强的趋势,其中在100 mg/L下,噻虫胺和吡虫啉产生毒力作用较快,水培72 h时对幼虫的致死率分别为32.38%和36.50%,168 h时,呋虫胺的致死率最高,达96.35%;同一药剂在相同浓度下处理,内吸至韭菜叶部产生的致死作用快于内吸至假茎所产生的作用,并且致死率更高;水培温度及药液浓度越高,内吸后毒力产生越快,且致死率越高。表明新烟碱类杀虫剂可以通过韭菜根部处理防治咀嚼式口器害虫韭菜迟眼蕈蚊。 相似文献
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Rafael Antonio Pasini Anderson Dionei Grützmacher Juliano de Bastos Pazini Franciele Silva de Armas Flávio Amaral Bueno Stefânia Nunes Pires 《Phytoparasitica》2018,46(1):115-125
In Brazil, chemical control is one of the main tools to manage insect pests in wheat. However, this kind of management can impair the biological control provided by the predators Chrysoperla externa and Eriopis connexa. The present study evaluated the side effects on C. externa and E. connexa of 15 insecticides registered for wheat. Insecticides were sprayed on eggs and pupae via Potter tower at the maximum recommended dose. We evaluated the viability of eggs and pupae as well as the sub-lethal effects on fecundity and fertility of the adults emerged from treated pupae. The insecticides were classified according to the scale of toxicity proposed by IOBC. Regarding the eggs, the insecticide etofenprox was classified as slightly harmful (class 2) to C. externa. Imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin, diflubenzuron WG, thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin A and B, gamma-cyhalothrin, and etofenprox were also classified as slightly harmful (class 2) to E. connexa, while methomyl was classified as moderately harmful (class 3) for the eggs of the predator. The insecticide imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin was considered slightly harmful (class 2) to pupae of C. externa, while imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin, thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin A and B, and lufenuron were classified as slightly harmful (class 2) to the pupae of E. connexa. The insecticides beta-cyfluthrin, diflubenzuron SC, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, thiamethoxam, triflumuron, and zeta-cypermethrin were harmless to eggs and pupae of both predators and should therefore be prioritized in the control of insect pests in wheat, thus preserving the natural biological control provided by C. externa and E. connexa. 相似文献
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十种常用农药与球孢白僵菌的生物学相容性 总被引：24，自引：2，他引：24
球孢白僵菌孢子粉与10种常用农药相容性的测定结果显示,随着孢子浓度上升,所试农药对孢子的抑制作用均有不同程度的增强。在1/10田间常规使用浓度下,百菌清和代森锰锌均能抑制或杀死孢子(萌发率<1％)。除阿维菌素外,所有杀虫剂均与白僵菌孢子相容,在常规使用浓度的10倍稀释液中孢子萌发率达90％以上。吡虫啉、蚜虱灵、灭多威和氟虫腈与孢子的相容性最好,其中吡虫啉和蚜虱灵对孢子萌发率的影响不明显随药剂浓度的变化而变化,即使在田间常规使用浓度下孢子萌发率也在95％以上,而阿维菌素与白僵菌的相容性极差。因此,应用白僵菌制剂防治害虫,选择生物学相容性好的农药以低剂量与白僵菌制剂混用,既可使菌剂增效,又可大幅度降低化学药剂用量。 相似文献
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Munees AhemadMohammad Saghir Khan 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,100(1):51-56
In this study, four technical grade insecticides, fipronil, pyriproxyfen, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were applied at the recommended and the higher doses to investigate their effects on plant growth-promoting activities of phosphate-solubilizing Klebsiella sp. strain PS19, isolated from mustard rhizosphere. All tested insecticides displayed a concentration-dependent inhibition in plant growth promoting traits, like, inorganic phosphate solubilization, biosynthesis of phytohormones and siderophores, of rhizobacterial strain PS19. For example, the phosphate-solubilizing activity of Klebsiella sp. PS 19 was reduced maximally by 95%, at 3900 μg l−1 pyriproxyfen over control. At the recommended rate, the magnitude of toxicity of insecticides to plant growth promoting traits was less severe compared to the higher doses. The sequence of insecticide-toxicity expressed as percent decrease, determined at highest dose rate of each insecticide, over control was: pyriproxyfen (95) = imidacloprid (95) > thiamethoxam (94) > fipronil (85), for phosphate-solubilizing activity while for salicylic acid (SA) it was: thiamethoxam > pyriproxyfen = imidacloprid > fipronil. The impact of the highest dose rate of insecticides on 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) was almost equal to those observed for SA. Thiamethoxam decreased the indole acetic acid (IAA) synthesis maximally by 86% whereas fipronil had least toxicity and reduced it by 67% relative to the control. Among the experimental insecticides, pyriproxyfen at 3900 μg l−1 in general, had the greatest toxic effects for plant growth promoting activities of the test strain. The study inferred that insecticides affect the plant beneficial activities of rhizobacteria adversely. These findings are likely to add a new insight into the pest management practices. 相似文献
17.
6种杀虫剂和 6种杀菌剂对昆虫病原真菌蜡蚧轮枝菌菌丝生长影响的研究结果表明 ,杀虫剂对蜡蚧轮枝菌菌丝生长有程度不同的抑制作用。在田间常规使用浓度下 ,5种杀虫剂对菌丝生长的抑制率在 10 %以上 ,最高者为甲氰菊酯达 17.6%。田间常规使用浓度稀释 10倍下 ,杀虫剂万灵、快灭净和锐劲特对菌丝生长抑制率低于 5% ,锐劲特在3.3～33.3mg/L时 ,菌丝生长与对照无显著差异 ,表现出与蜡蚧轮枝菌有极好的相容性 ,是菌药混用较好的候选杀虫剂。杀菌剂对蜡蚧轮枝菌菌丝生长有强烈的抑制作用 ,浓度愈高 ,抑制程度愈强。因此 ,在利用蜡蚧轮枝菌防治保护地蔬菜害虫时 ,须与杀菌剂使用保持一定的间隔期 相似文献
18.
Jeffrey G. Scott Cheryl A. Leichter Frank D. Rinkevihc Sarah A. Harris Cathy Su Lauren C. Aberegg Roger Moon Christopher J. Geden Alec C. Gerry David B. Taylor Ronnie L. Byford Wes Watson Gregory Johnson David Boxler Ludek Zurek 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2013
Although insecticide resistance is a widespread problem for most insect pests, frequently the assessment of resistance occurs over a limited geographic range. Herein, we report the first widespread survey of insecticide resistance in the USA ever undertaken for the house fly, Musca domestica, a major pest in animal production facilities. The levels of resistance to six different insecticides were determined (using discriminating concentration bioassays) in 10 collections of house flies from dairies in nine different states. In addition, the frequencies of Vssc and CYP6D1 alleles that confer resistance to pyrethroid insecticides were determined for each fly population. Levels of resistance to the six insecticides varied among states and insecticides. Resistance to permethrin was highest overall and most consistent across the states. Resistance to methomyl was relatively consistent, with 65–91% survival in nine of the ten collections. In contrast, resistance to cyfluthrin and pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide varied considerably (2.9–76% survival). Resistance to imidacloprid was overall modest and showed no signs of increasing relative to collections made in 2004, despite increasing use of this insecticide. The frequency of Vssc alleles that confer pyrethroid resistance was variable between locations. The highest frequencies of kdr, kdr-his and super-kdr were found in Minnesota, North Carolina and Kansas, respectively. In contrast, the New Mexico population had the highest frequency (0.67) of the susceptible allele. The implications of these results to resistance management and to the understanding of the evolution of insecticide resistance are discussed. 相似文献
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20.
Navreet Kaur Baldev Singh SohalKuldip Singh 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,99(3):280-284
Bacillus thuringiensis cotton is a variety of cotton genetically modified to contain a gene derived from B. thuringiensis bacteria; which results in expression of toxin protein that confers resistance to bollworm complex (the most destructive pest of cotton). Introduction of Bt cotton lowered the need of insecticides, but still a number of insecticides are used for other insects like jassids, whitefly, aphids and tobacco caterpillar to which Bt gene does not provide effective control. Imidacloprid (tradename Imidacel 17.8 SL) is an insecticide designed for control of these major sucking/piercing insects that affect cotton. So in the present work we studied the post effect of imidacloprid insecticide on plant health of three Bt cotton hybrids (RCH-134, JKCH-1947, NCEH-6R) as there are reports of this insecticide causing growth and yield enhancements in absence of insect pests. Imidacloprid was first sprayed at recommended concentration (40 ml/acre) on 3 months old plants sown in randomly designed plots with three replications of each hybrid. The spray was repeated three times at 10 days interval. The level of B. thuringiensis gene expression, peroxidase activity and total phenols was measured on third day after every spray in leaves along with growth and yield of plants. The insecticide has shown to increase the level of B. thuringiensis protein, peroxidase enzyme activity, total phenols, height, number of bolls retained on plants and yield. These observations suggested that the imidacloprid treated plants showed better growth and development, thereby imidacloprid has growth enhancing effect on Bt cotton plants in addition to its insecticidal properties. 相似文献