共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 135 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
朱其才 《粮油仓储科技通讯》2015,(1):55-56
粮食储藏技术是指根据不同粮食种类、储藏条件、粮食生理生化变化、粮食品质(工艺品质、烘焙与食用品质、种用品质等)变化规律,采用不同储藏方法和措施,对影响粮食储藏的相关因子进行控制,确保粮食储藏安全的技术组合。因此,粮食储藏是一个依据不同储藏环境,不同粮食品种、质量,不同储藏目的或用途等相关因子,而选择的优化技术组合。按照哲学的观点,粮食储藏技术虽然存在共性(普遍性)可循,必然会存在个性(特殊 相似文献
5.
大米和面粉的仓储适用技术与有害生物防治 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
介绍了大米、面粉的储藏特性和适用的储藏技术,列举了一些储藏研究成果和案例,提出了大米和面粉储藏中需要注意的有害生物防治问题和技术.文中提到的储藏技术主要包括低温储藏、气调储藏、化学保藏和几种技术的综合应用,提出大米和面粉储藏中有害生物有防治策略应为饱和治理,即以防止有害生物的发生为基本要求,杀灭有害生物的技术是不得已而为之的补充. 相似文献
6.
粮食储藏科学技术学科发展报告 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中国粮油学会储藏分会 《粮食储藏》2009,38(5):3-7
1 概述
粮食储藏科学作为农学中农产品储藏学的一个重要组成部分,是国际上迅速发展的现代储藏产品保护科学的一个最重要分支。从生态学观点来看,粮食储藏科学是研究粮食（储藏生态的主体）与环境（非生物的与生物环境）相互关系的科学。换言之,粮食储藏科学是研究粮食在储藏期间,不同储藏条件、不同储藏方法、不同储藏处理对粮食生理生化变化,对粮食品质（工艺品质、食用品质和种用品质等）变化,对粮堆内有害和有益生物（储粮害虫、螨类、微生物及其天敌）消长、演替变化规律的科学。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
研究了充氮气调储藏对大豆老化的影响。控制氮气体积分数分别为98%和78%,比较了水分含量,储藏温度和储藏时间对大豆发芽率、浸出液电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响。结果表明,充氮储藏和普通储藏的大豆种子在储藏过程中发芽率会逐渐下降,水分12.2%的大豆在20℃储藏180d时发芽率保持在85%以上,而高温(30℃)高水分(14.9%)储藏大豆储藏至90d时,发芽率已降至零,种子完全丧失活力;充氮储藏的大豆浸出液电导率和丙二醛含量均比普通储藏的对照组大豆低,根据相关性分析,发芽率、电导率、丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化物酶(POD)存在极显著或显著相关性。充氮气调储藏能在一定程度上延缓大豆在储藏过程中的老化。 相似文献
10.
近年来，随着马铃薯种植面积的不断增加，对马铃薯的储藏要求也相应提高。马铃薯的安全储藏与储藏环境的温度、湿度、通风及光照等条件有密切关系，如果满足不了这些条件，便会造成大量储藏损耗。为了帮助农民朋友科学、合理地储藏马铃薯，现将笔者多年积累的马铃薯在储藏过程中的管理经验介绍如下： 相似文献
11.
Marker-assisted increase of genetic diversity in a double-low seed quality winter oilseed rape genetic background 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
P. Basunanda T. H. Spiller M. Hasan A. Gehringer J. Schondelmaier W. Lühs W. Friedt R. J. Snowdon 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(6):581-587
Generation of novel genetic diversity for maximization of heterosis in hybrid production is a significant goal in winter oilseed rape breeding. Here, we demonstrate that doubled haploid (DH) production using microspore cultivation can simultaneously introgress favourable alleles for double‐low seed quality (low erucic acid and low‐glucosinolate content) into a genetically diverse Brassica napus genetic background. The DH lines were derived from a cross between a double‐low quality winter rapeseed variety and a genetically diverse semisynthetic B. napus line with high erucic acid and high glucosinolates (++ quality). Twenty‐three low‐glucosinolate lines were identified with a genome component of 50–67% derived from the ++ parent. Four of these lines, with a genome component of 50–55% derived from the ++ parent, also contained low erucic acid. Heterosis for seed yield was confirmed in test‐crosses using these genetically diverse lines as pollinator. The results demonstrate the potential of marker‐assisted identification of novel genetic pools for breeding of double‐low quality winter oilseed rape hybrids. 相似文献
12.
Selfadaptation OFDM is suitable for the low voltage network.To satisfy the request of high speed communication in low voltage network,this paper studies a bit allocation algorithm for low voltage network OFDM systems based transmitted efficiency.And compared with the fix modulate OFDM and fix power OFDM,this algorithm can allocate the power and modulate flexibly and increase the speed.It is very appropriate for the low voltage network application. 相似文献
13.
筛选耐低氮及氮高效的烟草基因型是提高氮素利用效率,减少氮污染的一种有效途径。本文采用营养液培养方法,于苗期以低氮(0.5 mmol L–1)和正常氮(5.0 mmol L–1)处理74个不同基因型烟草,通过指标统计、因子分析、聚类分析来确定评价指标及筛选出耐低氮基因型,并结合氮效率综合值分析表明,在低氮和正常氮条件下,不同基因型烟草的根系体积、根系生物量、茎叶氮累积量、地上部生物量变异系数均较大,分别为0.37~0.68和0.38~0.64。低氮和正常氮的主成分基本相似,在不同供氮条件下茎叶氮累积量、地上部生物量均起主要作用。筛选出15个耐低氮基因型,占供试材料的20.3%,其中8个属于低氮高效正常氮低效型,占耐低氮基因型的53.3%,6个属于低氮低效正常氮低效型,占40.0%,1个属于低氮高效正常氮高效型,占0.7%;筛选出8个低氮敏感基因型,其中6个属于低氮低效正常氮高效型,占75.0%,2个属于低氮低效正常氮低效型,占25.0%。初步确定14P9为耐低氮、氮高效基因型,中烟100和K394为低氮敏感、氮低效基因型。 相似文献
14.
The levels of individual and total alkenyl glucosinolates in seeds of microspore-derived spontaneous diploid plants from low by high and low by low glucosinolate parent crosses were examined to assess the utility of haploidy in canola breeding. The distributions of lines in the populations supported previous proposals that alkenyl glucosinolate levels are under multigenic control. Levels of all of the individual glucosinolates were positively correlated and were significantly reduced in canola-quality material in comparison to rapeseed-quality material. The populations of microspore-derived lines from low × high crosses were skewed to high glucosinolate levels but the population from a low × low glucosinolate cross had a greater proportion of low glucosinolate lines. The former observations can be explained in terms of the dominance of genes for high glucosinolate levels in Brassica napus. The present findings contradict previous reports that androgenic lines have higher glucosinolate content than the parents and in fact, haploidy may select for low glucosinolate lines when crosses between low glucosinolate parents are used. 相似文献
15.
Summary Groups of 10 barley genotypes were selected for high grain yield under either high yielding (two groups) or low yielding conditions (two groups). The genotypes had a similar average grain yield across a wide range of yielding conditions, but differed in their linear response over environments (environmental sensitivity). The genotypes selected for high grain yield under low yielding conditions were less sensitive to changing environments than genotypes selected for high grain yield under high yielding conditions. The higher stability of genotypes selected under low yielding conditions was shown by both the linear regression analysis and the comparison of coefficients of variation. The use of a safety-first index showed that the probability of a crop failure of genotypes selected for high grain yield under high yielding conditions was between 1.8 and 2.7 times higher than for genotypes selected for high grain yield under low yielding conditions. The development of new cultivars for areas where a large proportion of the crop is grown by subsistence farmers should therefore be based on selection under low yielding conditions. 相似文献
16.
17.
The main question connected with developing wheat cultivars adapted to low nitrogen (N) is whether separate breeding programs for low and high input conditions are necessary. Nineteen wheat cultivars were grown over three years in Croatia in a total of eight environments at high N and low N in order to determine the effect of two N levels on means, variances and heritability of grain yield and bread-making quality and to assess the relative efficiency of indirect selection under high N in improving trait means under low N. Means of grain yield and grain protein content decreased under low N 10 and 13 %, respectively compared to the high N, whereas higher reductions of means due to lower fertilization were observed for grain N yield (21 %), wet gluten content (20 %), Zeleny sedimentation value (27 %) and for most rheological parameters, whose mean values were reduced from 20 % to as much as 57 %. Heritabilities for grain yield and grain N yield at high N were 0.82 and 0.76, respectively, and 0.77 and 0.43 at low N. Heritability for dough development time, stability and resistance also tended to be higher at high N than at low N due to a decrease in genetic variance and an increase in error variance at low N. The genetic correlation coefficients between high and low N were higher than 0.90 and the efficiency of indirect selection under high N for performance under low N was near 1.0 for grain yield and for most bread-making quality traits. 相似文献
18.
QTL analysis of morphological and developmental traits in the Ler × Cvi population of Arabidopsis thaliana 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Champa Kumari Bandaranayake Rachil Koumproglou Xiao Yu Wang Timothy Wilkes Michael John Kearsey 《Euphytica》2004,137(3):361-371
Drought frequently constrains production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), but development of tolerant cultivars is hampered by low heritability for drought tolerance and a lack of effective
selection strategies. Our objective was to identify an optimum selection regime for wheat in drought-prone environments. Six-hundred
entries derived from 10 crosses were developed by selection under continuous high moisture, alternating high with low moisture,
alternating low with high moisture, and continuous low moisture conditions for five generations. The selections were evaluated
in two low-yield, a medium-yield, and a high-yield environment in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico. The mean performance of
entries derived from a particular selection regime was dependant on the stress level of the evaluation environment. Lines
developed and selected under continuous high moisture and continuous low-moisture regimes produced the highest mean yields
in the low moisture evaluation environment. There was no relationship between continuous selection under either high yielding
conditions or low yielding conditions and the mean performance of the resultant lines in their respective high and low yielding
evaluation environments. The mean yield of lines selected using the alternating high/low moisture regime as well as the five
highest yielding lines were superior in the HY environment, and had similar performance with other regimes under the low yielding
evaluation environment. Our results indicate that alternating selection between high and low yielding environments is the
most effective way to develop wheat germplasm adapted to environments where intermittent drought occurs.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
为了获得耐低温棉花新材料,通过花粉管通道法获得了转CaM基因棉花,经过分子检测得到了3个转基因株系。同时对得到的转基因株系的T4代(C1、C2、C3)和棉花受体(CK)在低温处理后的相关生理生化指标进行了初步测定。发现在低温(4℃)处理24 h后,C1、C2、C3叶片中的丙二醛(MDA)含量明显低于对照,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活力、可溶性糖的含量明显高于对照,而常温下(23℃)测定值没有明显的差异。表明转CaM基因棉花在低温时能够通过减轻叶片膜脂过氧化程度,提高抗氧化酶活力等反应来缓解低温对棉花叶片的损伤。本研究筛选出了3个具有一定抗寒能力的转基因株系,为下一步选育抗寒新品种奠定了基础,也为其他棉花抗寒转基因技术提供了理论依据。 相似文献
20.
在四川省和重庆市的部分散、包装储粮中应用了以二硫化碳与四氯化碳科学混配的“熏杀净”，熏蒸杀虫试验证明：该药具有高效、低毒、低残留、低价格、使用安全方便等特点，适用多种品种储粮和低温环境，对磷化氢抗性极强的谷蠹、米象、玉米象和螨类等害虫有特效。可与磷化氢轮换使用。 相似文献