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1.
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2.
Live measurement growth traits are very important economic traits in pig production and breeding. In this research, quantitative trait loci （QTL） were detected for 11 live estimated growth and carcass traits, including birth weight （BWT）, average daily gain over testing periods （ADG3）, live backfat thickness at last 3-4th lumbar （LBFT3）, live loin eye area （LLEA）, and so on, in 214 pig resource family population, including 180 F2 individual, by 39 microsatellite marker loci on SSC4, SSC6, SSC7, SSC8, and SSC13. The results indicated that 4 chromosome significant level QTL and one suggestive QTL were detected for ADG3 （at position of 50 cM on SSC8）, LBFT3 （at position of 147 cM on SSC4）, LLEA （one highly significant at position of 48 cM on SSC7; another significant at position of 125 cM on SSC8） and BWT （suggestive significant at position of 0 cM, at marker sw489 on SSC4）. The phenotypic variance of these QTL accounted for 0.95% to 16.91%. Most of them were mentioned in previous reports; except the QTL of LLEA at position of sw1953 on SSC8 which maybe a new QTL.  相似文献   

3.
The study aims to analyze the distribution of the 313 bp indel （insertion/deletion termed as indel） in first intron of POU1F1 and it＇s association with reproduction traits in Sutai pigs by using the PCR-DSCP technique. The results showed that in this commercial pig population, the frequency of allele A was 0.6371, B was 0.3629; the genotype frequency of AA was 0.4516, AB was 0.3710, BB was 0.1774, and the Z2 test showed that the allele frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The SPSS GLM procedure was used to identify the association of the 313 bp indel with reproductive traits. In Sutai pigs, the pigs with AA genotype represented higher value in all reproduction traits, except for higher survival rate of piglets at weaning. Higher weaning weight was significantly associated with AA genotype pigs and higher survival rate of piglets at weaning was significantly associated with BB genotype （P〈0.05）, but no significant differences in other reproduction traits among genotypes were found （P〉0.05）; the P value of different traits affected by fixed factors were not significant as well （P〉0.05）. The result indicated that although this 313 bp indel was significantly associated with the weaning weight and survival rate at weaning, no any association with major reproduction traits was observed in Sutai pigs.  相似文献   

4.
To investigate the correlation of individual heterozygosity and heterosis of three traits in crossbred F1 pig populations, the F1 populations were built by random mating Yorkshire x Meishan （YM, n = 82）, and its reciprocal （MY, n =47） and two straightbred populations （Yorkshire = 34, Meishan = 55） were used as control groups. The heterosis of birth weight （BWT）, average daily gain （ADG）, and feed conversion ratio （FCR） were acquired as well. In the research, the significant marker loci for the heterosis of the three traits were observed by one-way ANOVA （P〈0.01） in a total of 39 marker loci on SSC4, SSC6, SSC7, SSC8, and SSC13, and the numbers of the significant marker loci were 12 （BWT）, 18 （ADG）, and 17 （FCR）, respectively, based on which the general heterozygosity （GH） was divided into significant marker loci heterozygosity （SH） and insignificant marker loci heterozygosity （IH）. Furthermore, the trends of alteration in heterosis with the stepwise increase in heterozygosity by 0.05 were explored. This was done by the regression analysis of the three kinds of heterozygosity against heterosis of the three traits. The results showed that, for BWT, the heterosis increased with the increase in GH （r=0.9337, P=0.0021） and SH （r=0.9165, P=0.0102）; for ADG, the heterosis increased with the increase in IH （r=0.7012, P=0.0353） and GH （r=0.7470, P=0.0537, near significant）; for FCR, the heterosis of feed efficiency increased with the increase in IH （r=0.8721, P=0.0022）. The results indicated that the correlation was not always higher or more significant for SH with heterosis than it was for IH or GH with heterosis, and it might be because of the reciprocal cancellation of the positive effect and negative effect of QTL linked to the significant marker loci.  相似文献   

5.
Based on chicken' consensus map issued in 2000,17 microsatellites near 4 candidate genes such as IGF2,OBR,GDF8 and APOA1 in 4 chromosomes(chromosome 5,7,8 and 24)were chosen for polymorphism analysis and construction of linkage map.Combining the technique of PCR and the fluorescent semi-automated detection,genome scanning was performed for 440 chickens,which was derived from China Agricultural University chicken resource families within three generations.The individuals of this resource families were genotyped.The results showed that the number of alleles ranged from 4 to 14;heterozygosity(H) of markers was between 0.3116 and 0.9148.Polymorphic information content(PIC)varied from 0.2672 to 0.8679.Microsatellites along with above-mentioned 4 candidate genes doing as general markers were used to construct linkage map.The spans of 4 linkage maps constructed in the part region of chromosome 5,7,8 and 24 were 263.5,79.9,206.2 and 104.2 cM,respectively.The order of markers was consistent with that of counterpart of reported consensus map.However,The spans of linkage map were larger than that of consensus map.The constructed linkage maps laid the foundation for mapping quantitative trait loci(QTL)responsible for economically important traits in chicken.  相似文献   

6.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the dietary supplementation 1% （w/w） of oregano and sage dried leaves on performances and meat quality of broiler rabbits. A feeding trial, which lasted 48 d, was carried out on 105 male Bianca Italiana rabbits randomly divided in seven groups and fed ad libitum. At the end of the trial ten animals per group were slaughtered and samples of dorsal muscle were taken in order to perform laboratory analysis. Mortality rate did not statistically differ between groups. Growth performances of animals fed diets supplemented with aromatic plants were higher （P〈0.05） than those of animals of control group, whereas carcass parameters were not affected by treatments excepting for the slaughter weight that showed the same trend as growth performances. Meat quality traits, oxidative lipid stability and fatty acid proifle were not inlfuenced by aromatic plant supplementation. In conclusion, oregano and sage in form of dried leaves can be used in rabbit without adverse effects on performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits.  相似文献   

7.
Association mapping is a useful tool for the detection of genes selected during plant domestication based on their linkage disequilibrium（LD）. This study was carried out to estimate genetic diversity, population structure and the extent of LD to develop an association framework in order to identify genetic variations associated with drought and salt tolerance traits. 106 microsatellite marker primer pairs were used in 323 Gossypium hirsutum germplasms which were grown in the drought shed and salt pond for evaluation. Polymorphism（PIC=0.53） was found, and three groups were detected（K=3） with the second likelihood ΔK using STRUCTURE software. LD decay rates were estimated to be 13-15 cM at r2 0.20. Significant associations between polymorphic markers and drought and salt tolerance traits were observed using the general linear model（GLM） and mixed linear model（MLM）（P 0.01）. The results also demonstrated that association mapping within the population structure as well as stratification existing in cotton germplasm resources could complement and enhance quantitative trait loci（QTLs） information for marker-assisted selection.  相似文献   

8.
Litter uniformity,which is usually represented by within-iitter weight coefficient of variation at birth（CVB）,could influence litter performance of sows and the profitability of pig enterprises.The objective of this study was to characterize CVB and its effect on other reproductive traits in Large White sows.Genetic parameters and genetic correlation of the reproductive traits,including CVB,within-iitter weight coefficient of variation at three weeks（CVT）,total number born（TNB）,number born alive（NBA）,number born dead（NBD）,gestation length（GL）,piglet mortality at birth（M0）,piglet mortality at three weeks（M3）,total litter weight at birth（TLW0）,and total litter weight at three weeks（TLW3）were estimated for 2 032 Large White litters.The effects of parity and classified litter size on CVB,CVT,TNB,NBA,NBD,GL,M0,M3,TLW0,and TLW3 were also estimated.The heritabilities of these reproductive traits ranged from 0.06 to 0.17,with the lowest heritabiiity for CVB and the highest heritabiiity for TLW0.Phenotypic and genetic correlations between these reproductive traits were low to highly positive and negative（ranging from-0.03 to 0.93,and-0.53 to 0.93,respectively）.The genetic correlations between TNB and CVB,and between M0 and CVB were 0.32 and 0.29,respectively.In addition,CVB was significantly influenced by parity and litter size class（P<0.05）.All the results suggest that piglet uniformity should be maintained in pig production practices and pig breeding programs.  相似文献   

9.
The selection of meat quality has received considerable focus in chicken breeding. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of CAPN1 gene on meat quality traits in chicken populations. Primer pairs for 3 UTR in CAPN1 were designed from database of chicken genomic sequence. Polymorphisms were detected using PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. A mutation at position 9 950 nt （G/A, locus A） was found among individuals in each population. The allele and genotype frequencies significantly differed among eight lines with higher frequencies of allele A2 and genotype AIA2 （P〈0.01）. The least square analysis showed that there was significant difference （P 〈 0.05） in muscle fiber density and some carcass traits among genotypes and that the breast muscle fiber density （BFD） of birds ofAIA1 genotype was significantly higher （P〈0.05） than that of birds ofA2A2 genotype. It was concluded that the CAPN1 gene was the major gene affecting the muscle fiber traits of chicken or was linked with the major gene. These results were useful for studying the molecular mechanism that influences meat traits and were used as the base of molecular-assisted selection to meat quality traits. So, this site may be a potential marker affecting the muscle traits of chickens.  相似文献   

10.
Marker assisted selection （MAS） for residual feed intake （RFI） is considered to be one of the powerful means to improve feed conversion efficiency, and therefore reduce production costs. To test the inner relationship among body compositions, growth traits and RFI, four models were proposed to assess the extensively explanatory variables accounting for partial variables in feed intake besides metabolic body weight and growth rate. As a result, the original model （Koch＇s model） had the lowest R2 （80.78%） and the highest Bayesian information criterion （1 323.3） value among the four models. Moreover, the effects on RFI caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） were assessed in this study. Twelve SNPs from 7 candidate genes were genotyped in 2 Chinese native strains, rs14743490 of RPLP2 gene showed suggestively significant association with initial body weight in both strains （P〈0.10）. rs15047274 of TAF15 was significantly associated with growth weight, final weight, and feed intake （P〈0.05） in N301 strain, in contrast, it was only suggestively significant associated with feed intake （P〈0.10） in N414 strain, rs15869967 was significantly associated with RFI in N414 strain but not in N301 strain. This study has identified potential genetic markers suitable for MAS in improving the above mentioned traits, but these associations need to be rectified in other larger populations in future.  相似文献   

11.
This study was undertaken to dissect quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling yield traits on the short arm of rice chromosome 6. A residual heterozygous line that carries a heterozygous segment extending from RM587 to RM19784 on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 was selected from an F7 population of the indica rice cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. An F2：3 population consisting of 221 lines was derived and grown in two trial sites. Six yield traits including number of panicles per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, total number of spikelets per panicle, spikelet fertility, 1 000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant were measured. An SSR marker linkage map was constructed and employed to determine QTLs for yield traits with Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5. QTLs were detected in the target interval for all the traits analyzed except NP, with phenotypic variance explained by a single QTL ranging between 6.3% and 35.2%. Most of the QTLs for yield components acted as additive QTLs, while the three QTLs for grain yield had dominance degrees of 1.65, 0.84, and -0.42, respectively. It was indicated that three or more QTLs for yield traits were located in the target region. The genetic action mode, the direction of the QTL effect, and the magnitude of the QTL effect varied among different QTLs for a given trait, and among QTLs for different traits that were located in the same interval.  相似文献   

12.
Broken and cracked eggshells cause major economic losses to the egg production industry. An F2 population of 262 hens obtained by crossing a strong egg shell line with a weak egg shell line of the White Leghorn breed was used for detecting the quantitative trait loci （QTL） affecting eggshell quality. The 2 lines were developed from the same founder population by two-way selection for egg shell strength with nondestructive deformation. Of the 1 014 microsatellite markers tested, 35 were mapped on 10 autosomal linkage groups. There was no informative marker on chromosome Z. The QTLs associated with 7 traits, i.e., body weight, short length of egg, long length of egg, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness （EST）, eggshell weight （ESW）, and egg weight （EW）, were identified. Highly significant （P〈0.01） QTLs associated with EST and ESW and a significant （P〈 0.05） QTL associated with EW were mapped to a region flanking ABR0545 and ABR0362 on chromosome 9. These QTLs are good candidates to be employed in the development of strategies for reducing the number of broken and cracked eggs in commercial layer houses by employing marker assisted selection.  相似文献   

13.
Hexokinase Ⅱ has been demonstrated to play the role of a key enzyme member in the glycolysis reaction. It catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, thus committing glucose to the glycolytic pathway. In this paper, the partial exons and introns 10, 11, 13 and 14 of the porcine HK2 gene were cloned and sequenced by comparative genomics. Comparative sequencing of three pig breeds revealed ten putative single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs）, one of which in intron 10 with differing bases （G981A） is within the restriction site for enzyme Msp I. Distribution of Msp I -RFLP genotype and allele frequencies among different pig breeds were studied. By association analysis between Msp I PCR- RFLP polymorphism （AA, AB, BB genotypes of HK2 gene intron 10） and some meat quality and carcass traits in F2 group, which was constructed by our laboratory, a significant difference of pig average backfat at rump was found between AB and BB genotypes （P〈0 05） in F2 group. In addition, the pattern of expression of ilK2 in a variety of tissues in pig was also determined using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of HK2 mRNA was detected only in pig skeletal muscle.  相似文献   

14.
Soybean （Glycine max L. Merr.） is the world＇s foremost source of edible plant oil and proteins, meantime, the biologically active secondary metabolites such as saponins and isoflavones are benefit to human health. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci （QTL） and epistatic interactions associated with isoflavone, protein, and oil contents in soybean seeds. An F13 recombinant inbred line （RIL） comprising 474 lines was derived from a cross between Jindou 23 and Huibuzhi cultivars. SSR technique was employed for mapping of the QTLs. The QTLs for isoflavone, protein, and oil contents were analyzed and 23 QTLs were detected based on the constructed linkage map. Six QTLs for isoflavone content were localized in linkage groups J, N, D2, and G, eleven QTLs for oil content were localized in the linkage groups A1, A2, B2, C2, and D2, and six QTLs for protein content were localized in linkage groups B2, C2, G, and H1. The correlative analysis demonstrated that the isoflavone content had significant correlation with protein content, while significantly negative correlations was existed between oil and protein content, and significantly positive correlations was existed between protein and oil content. All these findings have laid an important basis for the marker assisted breeding in soybean. The phenotypic correlations of quantitative traits may be resulted from the correlation of the QTL controlling those traits.  相似文献   

15.
The insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 （IGFBP-3） was known as a key factor that regulates the effect of insulin- like growth factors （IGF-1 and IGF-2） on pig growth and development. We first identified 38 single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） from a fragment of the IGFBP-3 gene spanning 1 823 bp using the denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography （DHPLC） method and confirmed them by direct sequencing. Among these SNPs, 36 located in introns and the remaining 2 in the 3 prime untranslated region （3UTR）. In addition, 16 PCR-RFLP polymorphisms were identified within these SNPs. Three SNPs were then selected to genotype 272 F2 individuals with PCR-RFLP method and the association of polymorphism with growth and carcass traits were analyzed. The results showed that no significant associations were observed between polymorphisms of A265G and A952G and traits. However, the A2670G significantly related with live body length, loin muscle area, and skin and fat percentage （P〈0.05）; highly significantly associated with weight of carcass lean and lean percentage （P〈 0.01）.  相似文献   

16.
The subacute intraperitoneal toxicity of decursin was investigated in Spargue-Dawly（SD） rats. The rats were treated with decursin at a dose of 125 and 250 mg·kg-1·day-1for 4 weeks. All animals were observed daily for clinical signs. Their body weights were recorded weekly, no mortality was observed in two doses of 125 and 250 mg·kg-1of decursin. There were no significant differences in the clinical observations, body weight, food and water consumption, hematology, blood chemistry, gross pathological examination or organ weight between control and treated animals of both sexes. In conclusion, no evidence of a subacute toxic potential was observed in this study and no indication for adverse effects was noted at a dose level of 250 mg·kg-1·day-1.  相似文献   

17.
Brachytic stem is a major trait in plant type .of soybean and its yield potential may be higher under high population when compared with normal stem. In the present investigation, 152 recombinant inbred line （RIL） families derived from the cross of Bogao （normal stem） and Nannong 94-156 （brachytic stem） were used to map genes and QTLs of three plant type traits and to identify the effects of brachytic stem on agronomic traits such as yield. The primary results indicated that brachytic stem （sb） and determinate growth habit （drl） were mapped on linkage groups B2 and L, three major QTLs related to plant height were detected and mapped on linkage group L near drl, another minor QTL was mapped near sb on linkage group B2-1. Lines with brachytic stem had shorter plant height, lower biomass, yield, harvest index and pods per plant, and essentially no differences in days to maturity and 100-seed weight when compared with normal stem lines. It was obvious that the effect of brachytic stem on yield was due to the decreased height, biomass and harvest index.  相似文献   

18.
Birth weight(BW) and days to 100 kg(D100) are important economic traits that are both affected by polygenes. However, the genetic architecture of these quantitative traits is still elusive. Genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS) data containing a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) have become a powerful tool in genomic analysis. To better understand their complex genetic structure, a total of 600 Yorkshire pigs were sequenced using GBS technology. After quality control, 279 787 SNPs were generated for subsequent genome-wide association study(GWAS). A total of 30 genome-wide SNPs(P1.79 E–07) were identified for D100. Furthermore, a total of 22 and 2 suggestive SNPs(P3.57 E–06) were detected for D100 and BW, respectively. Of these, one locus located on SSC12(position: 46 226 512 bp) were evaluated to affect both BW and D100 in Yorkshire pigs, indicating the pleiotropism in different traits. Considering the function of candidate genes, two genes, NSRP1 and DOCK7, were suggested as the most promising candidate genes involved in growth traits. Thus, use of GBS is able to identify novel variants and potential candidate genes for BW and D100, and provide an opportunity for improving pig growth traits using genomic selection in pigs.  相似文献   

19.
QTL Analysis of Major Agronomic Traits in Soybean   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
Soybean is a main crop, and most agronomic traits of soybean are quantitative; therefore, there is vely important studying and applying value to locating these traits. A F2：10 RIL population containing 154 lines, derived from the cross between Charleston as female and Dongnong 594 as male parent, were used in this experiment. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 164 SSR primers, which were screened with the two parents and amplified on the 154 lines. 12 agronomic traits different between the two parents were investigated, and QTLs of all the traits were analyzed using the software Windows QTL Cartographer V2.0. The agronomic traits included quality traits： protein content, oil content, and content of protein and oil; yield traits： pods per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100 seeds weight; and other agronomic traits： plant height, days to maturity, branches, nod number in main stem, average leaf length, and average leaf width. The results showed that 68 QTLs in total were found for the 12 agronomic traits. The number of QTLs per trait varied from 3 for the average leaf width to 11 for 100 seeds weight and plant height, and was 5.8 on average. Good accordance was seen in many QTLs between the results of this study and the results obtained by other similar studies; therefore, these QTLs may be valuable for molecular marker assistant selection in soybean. In this study, 68 major QTLs of 12 important traits of soybean were analyzed.  相似文献   

20.
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 （BMP-2） plays a key role in bone formation and maintenance. BMP-2 can stimulate longitudinal bone growth by increasing the growth plate chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and cartilage matrix synthesis. The current study was designed to investigate the associations of the BMP-2 gene polymorphism with chicken skeletal traits. Northeast Agricultural University F2 resource population was used in this study. Body weight and body composition traits were measured in F2 population. Polymorphism between parental lines was detected by DNA sequencing, and PCR-fragment length polymorphism method was then developed to screen the population. The results showed that the BMP-2 gene polymorphism was associated with skeletal traits in F2 population. This research suggests that BMP-2 gene may be a candidate locus or linked to a major gene that affects skeletal traits in chickens.  相似文献   

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