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1.
芋（Colocasia esculenta）为天南星科芋属成员,在世界范围内广泛种植,其球茎主要贮藏物质为淀粉。ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（AGPase）是淀粉合成的第一个关键酶和限速酶,在植物淀粉合成中发挥关键作用,但目前关于芋AGPase基因家族的分子结构特征和表达模式还不清楚。本研究以芋新品种‘荔浦芋1号'为试材,从全长转录组注释信息中筛选到6个AGPase基因家族成员,利用RT-PCR技术克隆了6个基因的编码区,利用生物信息学对其理化性质、进化关系和保守motif进行分析;同时利用转录组学和荧光定量RT-PCR技术对6个基因在不同组织和球茎不同发育阶段的表达模式进行分析。结果表明：克隆获得6个芋AGPase基因编码区的cDNA序列,序列长度为1398~2028 bp,编码的蛋白大小为350~543 aa,其中4个基因（CeAGPL1~CeAGPL4）编码AGPase的大亚基,2个基因（CeAGPS1,CeAGPS2）编码AGPase的小亚基。系统进化分析显示,所有的AGPase分成了大亚基和小亚基2个群组,4个大亚基分在了大亚基组,2个小亚基分在了小亚基组。CeAGP家族蛋白分子质量范围为38 753.22~59 743.05 kDa,等电点范围为5.64~8.82,亚细胞定位为叶绿体、淀粉体和细胞质等。蛋白的保守motif分析发现,CeAGP家族蛋白共预测到11个保守motif,6个motif功能注释为NTP_transferase,除CeAGPS2外,另外5个CeAGP蛋白均包含11个motif。在不同组织中,6个CeAGP基因均能在所有组织中表达,其中CeAGPL3和CeAGPS1基因在叶片和叶柄中高表达,CeAGPL1和CeAGPS1基因在球茎中高表达,6个CeAGP基因在根的表达量均较低。在球茎不同发育阶段中,CeAGPL1和CeAGPS1高表达且均表现先升高后降低的趋势,2个基因分别在4月龄和5月龄阶段的表达量最高。该研究结果为后续阐明芋淀粉合成的分子机制提供依据。 相似文献
2.
葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)是磷酸戊糖途径中的关键限速酶,在植物生长发育及非生物胁迫响应中发挥重要作用。本研究利用生物信息学对小麦 G6PDH基因家族成员进行鉴定,并对该家族基因编码蛋白的理化性质、进化关系、亚细胞定位、基因复制事件以及在不同组织和不同胁迫下的表达模式进行分析。结果表明,在小麦基因组中共鉴定到14个 G6PDH基因家族成员,分布在小麦2A、2B、2D、4A、4B、4D、6A、6B和6D染色体上,其中5个基因编码的蛋白为胞质型,9个为质体型。亚细胞定位预测表明,胞质型G6PDH蛋白主要定位于细胞质上,而质体型G6PDH蛋白主要定位于叶绿体上。根据系统进化和保守结构域特征,可将14个小麦G6PDH蛋白分为Cy、P0、P1和P2四个亚组。共线性分析表明,小麦 G6PDH基因家族成员存在17对片段重复基因。RNA-seq分析结果表明,小麦 G6PDH基因家族成员在不同组织中存在明显的表达差异,其中 TaG6PDH1-2A/2B/2D基因在根中的表达量最高; TaG6PDH2-2A和 TaG6PDH2-2B基因在干旱胁迫后1 h以及热胁迫后6 h均上调表达。进一步利用qRT-PCR检测6个小麦 G6PDH基因在干旱和盐胁迫下的表达模式,发现分别有5个基因在小麦根中均上调表达,推测小麦 G6PDH基因在非生物胁迫响应过程中发挥着重要功能。 相似文献
3.
小麦热激蛋白转录因子在热胁迫和耐热性产生的过程中发挥重要作用。为进一步了解小麦热激蛋白转录因子C亚家族,本研究采用全基因组信息保守结构域比对和进化聚类分析,共鉴定了24个小麦TaHsfC基因,并对TaHsfC亚家族成员染色体定位、基因结构、亚细胞定位、对应蛋白质的氨基酸特点、基因表达进行了分析。结果表明,24个TaHsfCs主要分布在5条染色体上,其中A基因组中有7个,B基因组中9个,D基因组中有6个,另外两个所在染色体位置不清楚。TaHsfCs含有0～2个内含子,其中 TaHsfC1亚族基因含有1～2个内含子, TaHsfC2亚族基因则含有0～1个内含子。聚类分析表明,小麦TaHsfC成员共分为 TaHsfC1和 TaHsfC2两个亚族。24个TaHsfCs成员全部定位于细胞核。在15%PEG模拟干旱条件下,干旱敏感品种矮抗58和耐旱品种晋麦47中有10个TaHsfC基因显著上调表达,其中 TaHsfC2亚族基因的表达量上调倍数均高于 TaHsfC1亚族基因(其中 TaHsfC2j和 TaHsfC2k未在晋麦47中检测到表达量)。本研究可为探索小麦热激蛋白转录因子C家族基因在小麦抗旱中的分子机制提供一定的理论支撑。 相似文献
4.
苎麻是一种重要的纤维作物,纤维被用作纺织工业的原料。扩展蛋白具有诱导依赖pH的细胞壁伸长和压力松弛的特性。为了对苎麻基因组中expansin家族成员数量和类型进行鉴定,并研究在纤维细度不同的苎麻茎皮中扩展蛋白基因的表达情况,研究首先在苎麻中苎1号基因组数据库挖掘到24个扩展蛋白基因家族成员,通过生物信息学方法对其分子量、等电点、信号肽、亚细胞定位、motif及基因结构进行分析和预测。系统进化树结果显示：扩展蛋白包括α亚族成员17个、β亚族4个、α类亚族1个和β类亚族2个,共分为3类;expansin家族同一进化支蛋白结构域比较保守且有一个特有的motif。然后,利用苎麻茎皮扩展蛋白基因家族成员转录组表达分析和qRT-PCR验证,发现两个基因在两个纤维细度差异显著的品种及其5个不同生长期表达量差异显著。该结果有助于了解苎麻expansin家族的进化,为影响苎麻纤维发育和纤维细度相关基因及其功能的研究奠定基础。 相似文献
5.
本文综述了小麦胚乳中合成直链淀粉的关键酶——颗粒结合型淀粉合成酶(GBSS)的研究进展，展望了GBSS的研究前景。小麦中的GBSS基因在种子中特异表达；控制3个Waxy，位点的基因Wx—A1、Wx—B1和Wx—D1，分别位于7AS、4AL和7DS上；六倍体小麦和二倍体小麦中3个GBSS的DNA序列从起始密码子到终止密码子，Wx—A1为2781bp，Wx-B1为2794bp，Wx—D1为2862bp。基因的完全编码区含有11个外显子和10个内含子，在核苷酸序列上三个糯基因彼此之间有惊人的同源性；研究表明，直链淀粉含量和淀粉糊化特性受Wx—B1的影响最大，其次是Wx-D1缺失蛋白，Wx-A1缺失蛋白的影响最小。GBSS的鉴定技术包括I2—KI染色、电泳和分子标记技术鉴定。 相似文献
6.
以缺失不同Wx蛋白小麦为试验材料,研究缺失不同Wx蛋白对小麦籽粒直链淀粉合成及淀粉特性的影响。试验结果表明,缺失不同Wx蛋白对小麦籽粒直链淀粉含量、积累量和积累速率、束缚态淀粉合成酶基因（GBSSI）基因相对表达量以及束缚态淀粉合成酶（GBSS）活性的影响顺序表现为：缺ABD型>缺AB型>缺B型>缺D型>缺A型>正常型;对淀粉最终粘度、反弹值以及糊化温度影响的表现顺序与其一致;对淀粉峰值粘度、低谷粘度、稀懈值以及膨胀势影响的表现顺序与此相反。相关分析表明,直链淀粉积累速率峰值、GBSSI相对表达量最大值以及GBSS活性峰值三者之间相互呈极显著正相关。说明GBSSI基因可能通过编码GBSS酶,从而控制小麦籽粒中直链淀粉的合成。 相似文献
7.
为了确定小麦中一个编码与水稻光温敏雄性不育有关的酶的基因（FJ803924）是否与小麦雄性不育系的育性有关,采用半定量PCR和电泳分析,测定了此基因在人工控温下生长的5种小麦（非1B/1R 类K型不育系732A 及其保持系732B、YS型温敏雄性不育小麦A3017、1B/1R 类K 型不育系K3314A 及其保持系3314B）不同时期幼穗中的表达量变化趋势。结果表明,此基因在高、低温处理下在732A和A3017中出现较明显的表达量差异,而在另外几种小麦中表达量变化差异不明显。此基因在不同小麦中的表达受温度影响的程度不同,与小麦育性的关系也不尽相同。 相似文献
8.
《热带作物学报》2021,42(7)
利用生物信息学方法对甘薯(Ipomoeabatatas)基因组中NAC转录因子进行鉴定、保守结构域分析、motif查找、染色体定位、系统进化树分析以及逆境胁迫下基因表达分析。结果表明:甘薯全基因组序列中含有91个NAC转录因子基因,非均匀分布于甘薯15条染色体上;系统进化树及motif分析结果显示,91个甘薯NAC家族成员可分为16个亚组,共包含20个motif,其中大部分家族成员中均含有motif2、motif4、motif1、motif8和motif3,这5个motif分别对应NAC结构域中的5个子域A、B、C、D和E。在与拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)NAC转录因子共同构建的进化树中,有64个甘薯NAC家族成员被归入拟南芥NAC基因家族的14个亚组,其中,NAC2亚组包含的成员数最多,有9个,TIP和AtNAC3亚组均仅有1个。转录组数据分析结果显示,在蔓割病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas, Fob)胁迫下甘薯NAC基因家族中有10个基因的表达量发生变化;而在低温环境下有25个NAC基因差异表达。本研究结合利用基因组与转录组数据分析,该结果为进一步研究甘薯NAC基因家族的功能提供参考。 相似文献
9.
PHO基因家族主要参与磷酸盐的转运,在植物生长发育中起重要作用。为研究小麦PHO基因家族成员的潜在功能,本研究从小麦全基因组中鉴定PHO基因家族成员,并利用生物信息学手段对其基因结构特征、蛋白结构域、系统进化、顺式作用元件及表达特性进行分析。结果在小麦全基因组中共鉴定到12个PHO基因家族成员,所有成员均含有SPX和EXS结构域。系统进化、保守结构域和基因结构分析发现,小麦PHO蛋白与拟南芥PHO1-H1蛋白以及水稻PHO1蛋白亲缘关系较近;除TaPHO7、TaPHO10、TaPHO11和TaPHO12蛋白缺少部分基序外,其余小麦PHO蛋白均具有完整基序,且同一亚组内的成员具有相似的蛋白保守结构域和基因结构,说明PHO亚家族成员间高度保守。顺式作用元件分析发现,小麦PHO基因启动子区域含有与磷调控相关的激素诱导、光响应、低温响应等元件。基于RNA＿seq数据的组织特异性分析发现,大部分PHO基因在根中的表达量较高。qRT-PCR分析发现,低磷胁迫处理下磷高效小麦品种小偃54地下部分(根) TaPHO7和 TaPHO8基因的表达量显著高于对照。 相似文献
10.
组蛋白去乙酰化酶(histonedeacetylase,HDAC)负责去除组蛋白上的乙酰基团,在生物体的生长发育和非生物胁迫响应方面具有重要作用。本研究根据其他植物中HD2基因家族序列,利用生物信息学方法对小麦中的HD2基因进行鉴定,并对其基本生物学特性和调控网络等进行分析。结果表明,有12个小麦HD2基因被鉴定,并根据蛋白质序列C端是否含有锌指结构将其分为Group1和Group2两个亚家族;这些基因的编码蛋白均定位于细胞核内。利用WheatExp数据和RNA-seq数据对小麦HD2基因在不同组织和不同逆境胁迫下的表达模式进行分析,结果表明,小麦HD2基因在不同组织和不同逆境下均存在差异表达。同时,利用qRT-PCR技术对其在小麦12个生长发育时期的叶片中响应热胁迫的表达模式进行分析,结果表明,其在小麦挑旗期和抽穗期表达量明显上升。 相似文献
11.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
12.
Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
13.
先玉335、郑单958和京科968抗虫能力的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以先玉335、郑单958、京科968为材料,以玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis)、黏虫(Mythimna separata)和禾谷缢管蚜(Rhopalosiphum padi)为供试昆虫,探究玉米品系大喇叭口期对玉米螟和黏虫及抽雄期对禾谷缢管蚜抗性差异,测定其主要抗虫化合物丁布类物质的含量。结果发现,京科968对玉米螟及禾谷缢管蚜抗性均高于另外两个品系;对黏虫的抗性,郑单958和京科968高于先玉335。大喇叭口期京科968中丁布类物质含量最高,抽雄期郑单958和京科968中主要丁布成分含量均高于先玉335,上述组织中丁布合成相关基因在郑单958及京科968中的表达量也均高于先玉335。本研究揭示杂交玉米抗虫性与抗性相关化合物含量及其相关基因表达间存在正向相关关系,为抗虫玉米分子育种提供理论参考。 相似文献
14.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
15.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
16.
Summary The viability of five pathogens was decreased by treatment with hot water when tested in vitro.Polyscytalum pustulans was most sensitive andRhizoctonia solani least sensitive.
Potato tubers were exposed to 55°C for 5 min in a commercial continuous hot water treatment plant using naturally contaminated
seed tubers and tubers which had been inoculated by dipping in comminuted cultures. The frequency of eyes colonised byP. pustulans, Helminthosporium solani, andR. solani was reduced to virtually zero and the effect persisted on tubers subsequently stored at 4°C and at 15°C for up to 16 wk.
Results withColletotrichum coccodes were inconclusive. Treatment suppressedPenicillium spp. which, however, rapidly recolonised the eyes during storage, leading to higher contamination levels in the treated than
in the untreated tubers. With tubers inoculated withPhoma foveata, good control was achieved when the incubation period before treatment was 10 d but not when the period was 42 d. 相似文献
17.
David Gramaje ngeles Aroca Rosa Raposo Jos García-Jimnez Josep Armengol 《Crop Protection》2009,28(12):1091-1097
The efficacy of fourteen selected fungicides against Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium aleophilum was evaluated in vitro by mycelial growth and conidial germination assays. Azoxystrobin, carbendazim and tebuconazole were the most effective fungicides against P. chlamydospora, while carbendazim and didecyldimethylammonium chloride were the most effective against P. aleophilum. An assay was also conducted with cubiet, hydroxyquinoline sulphate and didecyldimethylammonium chloride to determine their potential to prevent infections caused by these pathogens during the hydration stage in grapevine propagation. The results of this experiment demonstrated that P. chlamydospora and P. aleophilum were able to infect healthy cuttings during the hydration stage and showed that didecyldimethylammonium chloride was consistently the best treatment as a disinfectant soak for grapevine cuttings. Additionally, semi-commercial trials were conducted in two grapevine nurseries to evaluate the effectiveness of several strategies with carbendazim, flusilazole and hydroxyquinoline sulphate at different nursery stages. Soaking planting material in carbendazim during the hydration stage was the most effective treatment since neither P. chlamydospora nor P. aleophilum were isolated from planting material in either nursery. 相似文献
18.
D. R. Lynch R. L. Wastie H. E. Stewart G. R. Mackay G. D. Lyon A. Nachmias 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):297-304
Summary The phytotoxic components of the culture filtrate of the fungusAlternaria solani Sor, which causes early blight in potato, were used in this study to differentiate between resistant and susceptible genotypes
selected to represent a range of reactions when screened in the field. Detached leaflet assays, using spores and toxic metabolites
from the culture filtrate, were compared with field ratings and a whole-plant glasshouse test. Rank correlations between several
detached leaflet tests were highly significant (P<0.01) but the correlations between these tests and the glasshouse and field tests were poor. The disease ratings obtained
in the various tests were clustered into four groups and assigned to resistance classes. For many of the genotypes there was
a good correspondence between resistance classes for all test methods. Divergent results between tests were associated with
foliage maturity characteristics of the genotypes.
Contribution no. 3879050 of the Lethbridge Research Station. 相似文献
19.
Summary Tubers of clones from a diploid hybrid population ofSolanum phureja andS. stenotomum were screened for resistance to tuber soft rot caused by strains ofErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica (Eca),E. carotovora subsp.carotovora (Ecc) andE. chrysanthemi (Ech). Significant, positive correlations between resistance to the different strains and species were observed, indicating
that screening for resistance to tuber soft rot could be accomplished by using just one of the three pathogens. Strains of
Ecc and Ech were found to be much more virulent than strains of Eca. Inoculating with Ecc and Ech resulted in more distinct
differences among susceptible, moderately resistant and resistant clones than inoculating with Eca. 相似文献
20.
为了明确淀粉芽孢杆菌B9601-Y2(Y2)的促生长机制,通过摇瓶培养,检测其溶磷解钾固氮活性;通过盆栽试验,探索Y2对玉米生长量和溶磷解钾量的影响。结果表明,在第7天时,Y2固氮量为2.9 mg/L,解钾量为13.5μg/mL;在第4天时,溶磷量达732μg/mL。与空白对照相比,Y2发酵液能增加玉米株高28.29%,根长27.21%,叶宽18.56%,鲜重80.93%,干重66.67%;提高土壤中速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别为20.42%、111.01%和17.24%,提高植株氮、磷、钾含量45.46%、120.17%、68.45%。研究结果表明,Y2活化土壤中难溶性磷、钾和具有固氮能力,并能促进植株对氮、磷、钾营养的吸收利用。 相似文献