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1.
Veras HN Rodrigues FF Colares AV Menezes IR Coutinho HD Botelho MA Costa JG 《Fitoterapia》2012,83(3):508-512
Lippia sidoides Cham. (Verbenaceae) is used in the folk medicine as topical antiseptic in skin and mucous membranes and its therapeutic effect is attributed to the thymol presence. The objective of this work was to verify the chemical composition and antibiotic modifying activity of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of L. sidoides and its major component thymol. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. The synergistic activity was evaluated using gaseous contact method. The essential oil was obtained (yield of 1.06%) and the GC/MS analysis identified the main constituents: thymol (84.9%) and p-cymene (5.33%). The antibiotic modifying activity was verified using the minimal inhibitory dose method and gaseous contact. It verified the interference of essential oil and thymol against all tested aminoglycosides. There were no statistical differences between the activity of the essential oil and thymol against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, indicating this to be the responsible composition for such activity. However, the oil was shown more effective when compared to the thymol against Staphylococcus aureus. The essential oil of L. sidoides and its major component thymol influence the activity of aminoglycosides and may be used as adjuvant in antibiotic therapy against respiratory tract bacterial pathogens. 相似文献
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香辛料精油成分对生鲜食品中有害菌杀灭活性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用平板稀释法和菌块转移法研究了百里香酚、丁香酚、肉桂醛、茴香脑、水杨醛、柠檬醛、香兰素7种食用植物精油组分对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌等生鲜食品常见5种有害菌的杀灭活性。实验结果表明,水杨醛对5种有害菌的综合杀灭能力最强,然后依次是百里香酚、肉桂醛、茴香脑、丁香酚、柠檬醛、香兰素。通过正交试验将水杨醛、肉桂醛、百里香酚、茴香脑复配,得到最佳组合是为:水杨醛、肉桂醛、百里香酚、茴香脑的质量比为2∶5∶20∶5,其杀灭所有供试菌的最低质量浓度为0.25 mg/L,仅为杀菌效果最好的单一水杨醛浓度的1/2。通过对香辛料精油成分杀菌作用协同效应分析得出,复配的香辛精油对单增李斯特菌的杀灭表现出很强的协同增效作用效果,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和副溶血性弧菌的杀灭表现出相加作用,而对沙门氏菌则表现出无关作用。 相似文献
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Choochote W Chaithong U Kamsuk K Jitpakdi A Tippawangkosol P Tuetun B Champakaew D Pitasawat B 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(5):359-364
Essential oils extracted from ten plant species were screened for repellency against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Three oils; Zanthoxylum piperitum, Anethum graveolens and Kaempferia galanga, exerted protection against A. aegypti, with median complete-protection times of 1, 0.5 and 0.25 h, respectively. The protection times were increased significantly by incorporating 10% vanillin. The highest potential was established from Z. piperitum oil +10% vanillin (2.5 h, range=1-2.5 h). Mixtures from pairs of the effective oils possessed slight repellency that ranged from 0-0.5 h. None of the oil combinations repelled A. aegypti for longer than their constituent oil alone. With vanillin added, however, each oil mixture provided improved protection, which was approximately equal to oil on its own. GC/MS analysis revealed that the main component of Z. piperitum fruit oil was limonene (37.99%), with minor amounts of sabinene (13.30%) and beta-myrcene (7.17%). Repellent testing of stored samples of Z. piperitum fruit oil against A. aegypti demonstrated that repellent activity of those kept at -20 degrees C or 4 degrees C was present for a period of at least 3 months. Therefore, the essential oil of Z. piperitum fruit may prove useful in the development of mosquito repellents as an effective personal protection measure against mosquito bites. 相似文献
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Essential oils extracted from ten Algerian plants were analyzed for their potential activity against Candida albicans. The highest efficiency was obtained with the essential oil from Thymus numidicus which showed antifungal effect 1357 fold stronger than that measured with amphotericin B. 相似文献
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Enos Tangke Arung Eri MatsubaraIrawan Wijaya Kusuma Edi SukatonKuniyoshi Shimizu Ryuichiro Kondo 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(2):198-202
In the course to find a new whitening agent, we evaluated the methanol extract from bud of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) on melanin formation in B16 melanoma cells. Eugenol and eugenol acetate were isolated as the active compounds and showed melanin inhibition of 60% and 40% in B16 melanoma cell with less cytotoxicity at the concentration of 100 and 200 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, an essential oil prepared from the bud of clove, which contain eugenol and eugenol acetate as dominant components, showed melanin inhibition of 50% and 80% in B16 melanoma cells at the concentration of 100 and 200 μg/mL, respectively. 相似文献
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采用砂堡培养基液体稀释培养法和薄层色谱分析法研究了洋葱挥发油抗真菌效果及机理,以期发现天然抗真菌药物,开发洋葱资源．结果表明,洋葱挥发油提取物对酿酒酵母、白假丝酵母、新生(?)球菌、黑曲霉、黄曲霉、红曲霉、青霉等真菌的生长有较强的抑制作用;其最低抑菌浓度酿酒酵母和白假丝酵母为0．25％,新生隐球菌为0．50％．薄层色谱分析表明:洋葱挥发油处理后的白假丝酵母的羊毛固醇、麦角固醇的含量降低,而角鲨烯的含量增高,说明洋葱挥发油可能抑制白假丝酵母麦角固醇的早期合成． 相似文献
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超临界CO2 流体萃取 - 分子蒸馏提取丁香精油的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
用超临界CO2流体萃取技术(SCDE)萃取丁香精油,然后用分子蒸馏技术(MD)进行精制,所得精油经气相色谱 - 质谱(GC - MS)分析并与传统提取方法比较.正交试验分析结果显示,SCDE最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度45℃、萃取压力12MPa、解析温度50℃.SCDE得油率达到21.04%,经GC - MS分析共检测出22种成分,主要成分丁香酚GC含量为67.56%,经MD精制后,尽管丁香酚、β - 石竹烯、乙酰基丁香酚3种有效成分的总含量与水蒸气蒸馏法和有机溶剂回流法相差不大,但精油中丁香酚提高至68.75%,精油色泽和流动性明显改善,品质明显提高.SCDE - MD技术萃取丁香精油的得油率为19.18%,高于水蒸气蒸馏法(11.38%)和正己烷回流法(17.40%),而且萃取时间短,色素、树脂含量低. 相似文献
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The essential oil of Ocimum sanctum and eugenol, tested in vitro, showed potent anthelmintic activity in the Caenorhabditis elegans model. Eugenol exhibited an ED(50) of 62.1 microg/ml. Eugenol being the predominant component of the essential oil, is suggested as the putative anthelmintic principle. 相似文献
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Ahuja Nitina Batish Daizy R. Singh Harminder Pal Kohli Ravinder K. 《Journal of pest science》2015,88(1):209-218
Journal of Pest Science - The present study investigated the phytotoxic potential of eugenol, a major component from the essential oil of clove [Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill and Perry], towards... 相似文献
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Toxicity and repellency effects of several pure compounds (of plant origin) against the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum) were investigated in a filter paper test. The compounds were α-pinen, β-pinen, 4-allyl-anisol, camphor, 1,8-cineol, eugenol,
linalool, menthol, piperin, terpineol, thymol and zimtaldehyde. Five compounds (4-allyl-anisol, linalood, terpineol, thymol
and zimtaldehyde) caused enough mortality of this insect to allow the determination of LD50 and LD95 values. Zimtaldehyde and 4-allyl-anisol showed the strongest toxicity effects with LD50 values of 0.04–0.05 μl/cm2 within an exposure period of 24 h. When the isolated fumigant effects were tested by separating the insects from the filter
paper, the toxicity of zimtaldehyde (LD50=0.29 μl/cm2) was much lower than that of 4-allyl-anisol (LD50=0.10μl/cm2). 相似文献
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The in vitro activity of some isolated hydroxyanthracenones belonging to the genus Karwinskia against four bacteria, six filamentous fungi and four yeast are reported. These hydroxyanthracenones were found to possess antimicrobial activity, particularly against Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, C. boidinii, C. glabrata and Cryptococcus neoformans; minimal inhibitory concentrations range between 16 and 2 microg/ml. 相似文献
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《Fitoterapia》1999,70(1):32-34
Variation of chemical composition of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum eugenol type was studied for 11 h during the daytime. Microwave oven technique was used for the serial extraction and the obtained oils were analysed by GC/MS. A considerable variation was observed in the eugenol yield, 98% at 12.00 am. to 11% at 05.00 p.m. These results show the influence of the solar light on eugenol production and can be useful to indicate the optimal time for collection of the plant. 相似文献
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The chemical composition of a plant essential oil can be affected by many environmental and biological factors. Understanding the role of individual constituents as well as their interactions to the overall insecticidal bioactivity is prerequisite to the use of essential oils as an alternative to conventional insecticides. In the present study, the chemical compositions of plant essential oils obtained from Thymus vulgaris (thyme) and Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and the insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of individual constituents were evaluated against third instar larvae and an ovarian cell line of Trichoplusia ni. Thymol was the most abundant compound in thyme oil and the primary active constituent in contact and cytotoxicity tests, whereas p-cymene was the most effective compound for fumigant toxicity. In lemongrass oil, citral was identified as the major active and most abundant constituent. A weak correlation between insecticidal activity and cytotoxicity was observed, indicating limitation of the latter as a screening tool for novel insecticides. Although the evaporation of thymol was enhanced at higher temperatures, its contribution to fumigant activity was limited. 相似文献
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采用气相色谱-质谱法对不同化学类型樟树叶精油组成进行分析,对比4种樟树叶精油的成分差异;采用DPPH、ABTS、FRAP法对樟树叶精油的体外抗氧化活性进行评价,并使用丁基羟基茴香(BHA)作为阳性对照。研究结果表明:4种类型樟树叶精油共检测出46种主要化学成分,其中,异樟叶精油检测出35种化学成分,主要成分异橙花叔醇为29.48%;芳樟叶精油检测出33种成分,主要成分芳樟醇为71.91%;脑樟叶精油检测出33种化学成分,主要成分樟脑为46.28%;油樟叶精油中共检测出33种化学成分,主要成分1,8-桉叶油素为30.31%。4种樟树叶精油均具有一定的抗氧化活性,且随着精油浓度增加抗氧化能力增强,但其抗氧化能力均低于BHA。其中,脑樟叶精油的DPPH自由基清除能力及Fe 3+还原能力最强,当质量浓度为8 g/L时,脑樟叶精油的DPPH自由基清除率为30.34%±1.25%,FRAP值为(1.44±0.13)mmol/L;而异樟叶精油的ABTS自由基清除能力最强,当质量浓度为8 g/L时,异樟叶精油的ABTS自由基清除率为14.93%±2.32%。 相似文献
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Nutchaya Kumrungsee Wanchai Pluempanupat Opender Koul Vasakorn Bullangpoti 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(4):721-729
Essential oils are by-products of plant metabolism that are now known to interfere with basic metabolic, physiological and behavioral functions of insects, thereby having promise for use as pest control agents. Accordingly, four essential oil compounds, thymol, 1,8-cineole, linalool and pulegone, were evaluated against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), to determine their acute toxicity. Thymol and 1,8-cineole were highly toxic to third instars with a LD50 of 0.22 and 0.41 μg/larva, respectively. Linalool and pulegone were moderately active against this insect species, exhibiting <45 % mortality in up to 15 μg/larva. However, in biorational mixtures pulegone was synergistic to both thymol and 1,8-cineole where the increase in activity was almost twofold. Thymol and 1,8-cineole, though active individually against P. xylostella larvae, were antagonistic as biorational mixtures. Linalool was antagonistic in all combinations. In various assays with detoxification enzymes in treated conditions, there was a significant increase in enzyme levels both in vivo and in vitro. Thymol and 1,8-cineole were the active toxicants against P. xylostella, with significant potential to control this pest as biorational mixtures in a synergistic combination with pulegone. Induction in enzyme levels by these compounds suggests possibilities of resistance, which at present remains a speculation, but cannot be summarily ignored because the induction of enzymes due to involvement of detoxification enzymes in the metabolism of a broad range of xenobiotics and secondary metabolites in plants is well known. 相似文献
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Rangkadilok N Tongchusak S Boonhok R Chaiyaroj SC Junyaprasert VB Buajeeb W Akanimanee J Raksasuk T Suddhasthira T Satayavivad J 《Fitoterapia》2012,83(3):545-553
Longan, Dimocarpus longan Lour., contains polyphenolic compounds which exhibit several pharmacological properties. This study aims to evaluate antifungal activities of longan fruit extract in comparison to its active compounds. The results showed that longan seed exhibited antifungal activity against the opportunistic yeasts (Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans). In contrast, longan pulp and whole fruit did not demonstrate any inhibitory effects. Ellagic acid showed the most potent antifungal activity followed by corilagin and gallic acid, respectively. Ellagic acid inhibited Candida parapsilosis and C. neoformans more effectively than Candida krusei and also some Candida albicans clinical strains. Baidam cultivar possessed higher antifungal activity (MIC=500-4000 μg/ml) as it contained higher contents of ellagic acid and gallic acid than Edor (MIC=1000-8000 μg/ml). For antibacterial activity, only corilagin and gallic acid possessed weak to moderate inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, respectively. Longan seed was then applied in the oral care products. Longan effervescent granule (5% extract) significantly reduced adhesion of C. albicans to acrylic strips. Mouthwash containing 0.5% extract exhibited good antifungal activity compared to a commercial product. These findings indicated that longan seed extract and its polyphenolic compounds can be used as an antifungal agent in oral care products for the treatment of opportunistic yeast infection. 相似文献
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The essential oil of Oliveria decumbens was investigated for its components and antimicrobial activity against six bacteria and two fungal strains. The essential oil was characterized by a high amount of oxygenated monoterpene components of which thymol (47.06%) and carvacrol (23.31%) were the major components. The oil exhibited high antimicrobial activity against all tested Gram+ and Gram- bacteria and fungal strains. 相似文献
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Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Momordica charantia seed essential oil 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The essential oil obtained from the seeds of Momordica charantia was analyzed by GC/MS. Twenty-five components, representing 90.9% of the oil, were identified. The main constituents were trans-nerolidol, apiole, cis-dihydrocarveol and germacrene D. Furthermore, the oil was tested for its antibacterial and antifungal activities. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most sensitive microorganism with MIC values <500 microg/ml. 相似文献