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指出了森林作为一种重要的自然资源,包含了各种动植物、天然资源等,蕴藏着巨大的经济价值和自然价值。在实际林地经营和环境保护工作中,森林企业具有重大责任,但是,在目前的林地经营和管理中,森林企业可能会遇到对林区定位不准确、没有进行正确的森林分类经营等问题,针对这些问题进行了详细探讨,并提出了相应的解决措施。 相似文献
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森林经营是培育森林资源,实现林业可持续发展的重要措施,对提高林分质量和林地生产力,缩短森林培育周期,增强森林的整体功能,充分发挥森林生态、经济和社会效益具有极其重要的作用。为了探索新形势下森林经营技术,用新的发展观研究和指导森林经营工作,现就黄龙山次生林区有关森林经营问题调查如下: 相似文献
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华生 《绿色中国(综合版)》2013,(20):18-27
湿地被誉为"地球之肾",具有巨大的生态功能、强大的经济功能和丰富的文化功能,在维护地球生态平衡、固定二氧化碳、涵养水源、调节气候、美化景观等方面发挥着不可替代的作用,是美丽中国的重要元素,是生态文明建设的自然载体。湿地与森林、海洋并称为全球三大生态系统。湿地与人类生存、繁衍、发展息息相关,是自然界中生物多样性最丰富的生态系统,也是人类最重要的生存环境之一。 相似文献
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湿地与森林、海洋并称为三大生态系统,是人类最为重要的生存环境之一。其本身具有广泛的功能和巨大的作用,生态学家通常称之为“鸟的乐园”和“物种基因库”。正因为湿地具有如此特殊的作用,加之现在自然灾害的频发,人们对湿地的保护正在上升到战略的高度。 相似文献
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氢氧稳定同位素在淡水湿地森林水文过程研究中的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
湿地森林在蓄洪防旱、净化水质等方面对区域水文过程起着重要的调控作用。以往对于淡水湿地森林水文的研究多集中在运用传统水文学方法研究单一水文过程,很少将各水文过程作为一个整体来研究,且各个过程对降水截留效应的影响程度也未全部量化。而利用水分子中天然存在的氢氧稳定同位素作为示踪剂可综合反映并量化植被和土壤对降水的截留能力。文中综述湿地森林对水文过程调控作用的国内外研究概况,探讨氢氧稳定同位素技术在湿地森林水文研究中的进展,包括大气降水、林冠穿透水、降雨径流、土壤水、地下水、蒸发水、植物水的水分来源及各水体的转化关系等。在全球变化背景下,运用氢氧同位素技术系统定量地分析降水在生态系统水文过程的分配比例对于揭示湿地森林植被结构对水文过程的调控机制等具有重要意义,同时也可为建立淡水湿地森林植被恢复模式和制定保护策略提供参考。 相似文献
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In eastern North Carolina, USA, intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests, a primary forest type in the Southeastern United States, often are established where water levels are maintained via ditching. In these landscapes, water occurs in numerous linear ditches and several small ponds (heliponds), used by helicopters for the suppression of forest fires. Changes to the physical structure of water sources may be important to bats that use these sources for drinking and foraging. Therefore, we examined bat activity in a managed pine landscape and an adjacent natural wetland in relation to water source type (heliponds, ditches, and natural wetland) and insect abundance. We sampled bat activity using remote acoustic detectors; we sampled insects using passive traps. Insect abundance did not differ among water source types. Bat activity was most concentrated at modified water sources within the managed pine landscape (heliponds and ditches). Feeding activity was highest at heliponds. Heliponds and ditches were important sources of open water and insect prey for bats in the managed pine forest landscape. We suggest management for bats in similar forest landscapes should include maintenance of open and accessible water sources such as heliponds. 相似文献
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湿地补偿制度:美国的经验及借鉴 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
美国湿地补偿制度是对开发行为给湿地造成的损害进行补偿的极具特色的制度,其目的是实现美国湿地"零净损"的政策目标,迄今已实施愈三十年。美国湿地补偿制度包括湿地银行补偿、湿地替代费补偿和湿地被许可人自行补偿三种补偿机制。其中,湿地银行补偿是美国政府极为推崇的运用市场手段保护湿地的新机制,在美国发展迅速。美国的湿地补偿制度对我国湿地保护极具借鉴意义,其湿地"补偿"的理念、运用市场手段保护湿地和政府的高效监管机制值得我国借鉴。 相似文献
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分析赣南生物多样性特点及其保护现状,提出赣南森林生物多样性保护建设重点是:自然保护区建设、湿地公园、林木种质资源基地、迁地保护和基础设施建设. 相似文献
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There is much debate about the way conservation and development are best integrated to reduce the encroachment pressures of poor rural communities on the biodiversity resources of protected areas in the tropics. One frequently recommended instrument is to intensify farming systems in the adjacent areas, so as to decrease the need to harvest resources from national parks. This study examined this issue by analyzing the effects of different household land uses in villages near a national park on their propensity to harvest resources from the park. In the northern part of the Kerinci Seblat National Park (Sumatra Island, Indonesia) the park buffer zone is comprised largely of community or village forests and human settlements. The village forests were formerly managed as production forests and provided significant cash income to the village. They were converted into farmland, particularly to mixed-tree gardens or agroforests. Natural forest coverage has now declined to 10% of the former area within village forest land. We analyzed the characteristics of the mixed gardens and village forests, and their practical contribution to reducing farmers' dependence on the adjacent national park resources. Households with farms that were more diversified were found to have much less dependency on the national park resources. Households that farmed only wetland rice fields registered the highest value of forest products obtained from inside the park. Households that farmed only mixed gardens had an intermediate level of park resource extraction, while those that had farms composed of both components (i.e. wetland rice fields and mixed gardens) had a dramatically lower level of economic dependency on park resources than households in either of the other two categories.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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以水稻种植为主的梯田是人工湿地中的一种特殊存在形式,人们只是将其作为一种农业系统类型来对待,并未重视其生态、景观、文化价值。加榜梯田湿地是由山、水、林、田、寨共同构建的森林生态系统与农田生态系统结合的复合型,具有典型的代表性。文章通过对贵州加榜梯田湿地在保护与利用中存在问题进行分析和研究,提出了湿地保护和合理利用的对策建议。 相似文献
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湿地被誉为“地球之肾”,作为重要的自然资源,与海洋、森林并称为地球3大生态系统,具有很高的生态与经济价值。经历早期的过度开垦与破坏,湿地的全面保护与科学恢复已成为各国亟待解决的问题,而相关的法律将为湿地保护提供坚实的制度保障。文中通过对世界上湿地保护法律制度较为完善的部分国家如美国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国的湿地保护法律制度进行对比分析,介绍各国在湿地保护法律制度中的特色与优势,并总结其经验;概述我国湿地保护法律体系建构现状及问题,提出国外经验对我国湿地恢复、湿地补偿和公众参与3个方面的启示。 相似文献
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针对森林生态系统的作用、功能,结合福建省的山地森林,与流域淡水及湿地中的水源水质的密切关系,提出:要保护好森林资源,以及流域内的淡水和湿地;要从系统整体性出发,防范森林退化、破坏,以及流域内的淡水与湿地的破坏与污染问题。 相似文献
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人工淡水湿地的水文过程模拟:综合系统法(摘要)(英文)@张立$Olentangy River Wetland Research Park,The Ohio State University,352 W.Dodridge Street,Columbus,OH 43210,USA
@威廉.杰.米奇$Olentangy River Wetland Research Park,The Ohio State University,352 W.Dodri 相似文献