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枯草芽胞杆菌XF-1是一株大白菜内生生防菌,通过叶面喷施的方式可有效防控大白菜根肿病,但其叶际定殖的分子机制尚不明确。为了明确表面活性素对XF-1在大白菜叶际定殖的影响,进一步提高其在田间应用效果,本研究通过测定生长曲线、泳动运动、群集运动和24孔细胞培养板静置培养试验,分析表面活性素对XF-1菌株生长速率、运动能力和生物膜形成水平的影响;利用叶片-微生物互作分析和定殖试验,测定XF-1及突变体XF-1-ΔsrfA在大白菜叶表黏附和植株内的定殖能力。结果表明,XF-1-ΔsrfA与XF-1相比生长曲线没有明显差异,泳动能力和群集运动能力分别显著下降了36.8%和43.9%,静置培养24 h后生物膜形成能力显著下降53.9%,48 h后无显著差异。叶片-微生物互作试验中,突变体标记菌XF-1-ΔsrfA-gfp黏附效率较XF-1-gfp约下降80%。喷施接种3~7 d后, XF-1-ΔsrfA-gfp相较于XF-1-gfp在大白菜叶片内和根系中的定殖数量均显著下降。试验结果表明表面活性素对枯草芽胞杆菌XF-1在大白菜叶际定殖具有较为明显的促进作用,srfA基因的缺失显著抑制XF-1的叶际定殖能力。 相似文献
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本文研究了30%氟啶胺·氰霜唑悬浮剂、500g/L氟啶胺悬浮剂、100g/L氰霜唑悬浮剂和100亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂4种杀菌剂在3种处理模式下对甘蓝根肿病田间药效的差异。试验结果表明:3种化学杀菌剂不同处理模式下对甘蓝根肿病的防效在60%左右,高于生物制剂枯草芽孢杆菌的防效(40%左右)。不同的处理模式下防效有一定的差异,但未达统计学意义上的显著水平。根据试验结果,推荐将试验的3种化学杀菌剂作为甘蓝根肿病防治的首选药剂,建议移栽前土壤喷雾1次,移栽前对秧苗进行药剂蘸根,移栽后1周左右再灌根1次。 相似文献
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为了明确解淀粉芽胞杆菌B9601-Y2(Y2)对大白菜软腐病的防治效果,本研究通过平板对峙和离体生防试验评估了B9601-Y2对软腐病的生防潜力,同时采用绿色荧光蛋白标记菌株Y2-gfp,测定其在大白菜植株内的定殖能力,在温室内研究了B9601-Y2对大白菜软腐病的防治和增产效果。结果表明,B9601-Y2在LB平板和离体植物组织上均能有效地抑制软腐病原菌的生长;淋灌Y2-gfp发酵液后,标记菌在大白菜根际、根、茎、叶等组织内的种群数量呈现出"先上升后下降最后趋于平稳"的趋势,最终稳定在约10~3cfu/g组织;温室防效试验结果表明,移栽生防苗后淋灌Y2菌悬液防治效果最佳,为62.23%,仅移栽生防苗与移栽普通苗后淋灌Y2菌悬液防效分别为28.87%与49.48%,大白菜产量分别增加了146.58%、47.52%及109.37%。研究结果表明解淀粉芽胞杆菌B9601-Y2能够有效防控大白菜软腐病。 相似文献
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草莓枯萎病是设施草莓连作种植中的重大病害,本试验通过对前期筛选到的生防菌株进行形态学观察、生理生化指标和分子生物学检测,将筛选的菌株SDTB038鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了8种化学杀菌剂对草莓枯萎病菌的毒力,其中多菌灵、苯醚甲环唑和肟菌酯室内毒力较高。菌株SDTB038与化学杀菌剂协同防治的盆栽试验表明,药后21 d,单施108 cfu/mL SDTB038发酵液对草莓枯萎病的防治效果为50.66%,对该病害具有明显的防控作用。108 cfu/mL SDTB038发酵液分别与29 mg/L肟菌酯和20 mg/L苯醚甲环唑混用,对草莓枯萎病的防治效果分别达62.56%和74.01%,两组混用组合的协同作用显著。试验结果表明,108 cfu/mL SDTB038发酵液能够减少化学药剂的用量,提高防治效果,推广应用价值大。 相似文献
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不同杀菌剂对油菜根肿病的防效及对油菜产量损失的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究使用5种杀菌剂和1种微肥于油菜苗期2~3片真叶期进行灌根处理,以传统的石灰处理方法比较,评价不同处理对油菜根肿病的防治效果和对油菜产量损失的影响。5种杀菌剂处理、微肥以及石灰处理均对油菜根肿病有较好的防效,其中50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂防效达90.82%;从产量损失方面比较,10%氰霜唑悬浮剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂,75%百菌清可湿性粉剂和60%硫磺·敌磺钠可湿性粉剂处理可显著减少根肿病引起的产量损失;50%氟啶胺悬浮剂处理较对照增产不显著,而且对油菜生长有抑制作用;油菜根肿病的病情指数与油菜产量呈显著的负相关性,相关系数r=-0.796 2,油菜产量(y)与病情指数(x)的回归方程为y=-32.65x+2 372。 相似文献
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H. Murakami † S. Tsushima T. Akimoto K. Murakami I. Goto Y. Shishido 《Plant pathology》2000,49(5):584-589
Control of some soilborne pathogens may be achieved by use of decoy or catch crops. These stimulate the germination of resting spores, resulting in limited expression of disease symptoms. Results achieved using this approach are reported here using leafy daikon (radish, Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus ) for control of Plasmodiophora brassicae , the cause of clubroot disease of Brassicaceae. Disease indices of Chinese cabbage plants grown in pots that had previously contained leafy daikon were lower compared with pots where no plants had been grown before (control pots). Numbers of resting spores of P. brassicae in soil in pots after cultivation with leafy daikon were reduced by 71% compared with control pots when resting spores were recovered and counted directly. In a field experiment, numbers of resting spores were reduced by 94% compared with the start of the experiment when leafy daikon was grown in advance of Chinese cabbage, but there was no reduction in disease severity in the Chinese cabbage. Plasmodiophora brassicae infected the root hairs of leafy daikon and those of Chinese cabbage, but no clubs were found on leafy daikon roots. The results from pot trials indicate that leafy daikon may be useful as a decoy crop for the control of clubroot disease in field crops. 相似文献
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G. Peng L. McGregor R. Lahlali B. D. Gossen S. F. Hwang K. K. Adhikari S. E. Strelkov M. R. McDonald 《Plant pathology》2011,60(3):566-574
Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae is an emerging threat to canola (Brassica napus) production in western Canada, and a serious disease on crucifer vegetable crops in eastern Canada. In this study, seven biological control agents and two fungicides were evaluated as soil drenches or seed treatments for control of clubroot. Under growth cabinet conditions, a soil‐drench application of formulated biocontrol agents Bacillus subtilis and Gliocladium catenulatum reduced clubroot severity by more than 80% relative to pathogen‐inoculated controls on a highly susceptible canola cultivar. This efficacy was similar to that of the fungicides fluazinam and cyazofamid. Under high disease pressure in greenhouse conditions, the biocontrol agents were less effective than the fungicides. Additionally, all of the treatments delivered as a seed coating were less effective than the soil drench. In field trials conducted in 2009, different treatments consisting of a commercial formulation of B. subtilis, G. catenulatum, fluazinam or cyazofamid were applied as an in‐furrow drench at 500 L ha?1 water volume to one susceptible and one resistant cultivar at two sites seeded to canola in Alberta and one site of Chinese cabbage in Ontario. There was no substantial impact on the susceptible canola cultivar, but all of the treatments reduced clubroot on the susceptible cultivar of Chinese cabbage, lowering disease severity by 54–84%. There was a period of 4 weeks without rain after the canola was seeded, which likely contributed to the low treatment efficacy on canola. Under growth cabinet conditions, fluazinam and B. subtilis products became substantially less effective after 2 weeks in a dry soil, but cyazofamid retained its efficacy for at least 4 weeks. 相似文献
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Mitani S Sugimoto K Hayashi H Takii Y Ohshima T Matsuo N 《Pest management science》2003,59(3):287-293
Cyazofamid (4-chloro-2-cyano-N,N-dimethyl-5-p-tolylimidazole-1-sulfonamide) is a novel fungicide with high levels of activity against Oomycetes fungi and Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin. The effects of cyazofamid were investigated against P. brassicae, the causal agent of clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage. Cyazofamid at 0.3 mg litre(-1) inhibited resting spore germination of this pathogen by about 80%. Cyazofamid at 3-10 mg litre(-1) exhibited fungicidal activity to resting spores of P. brassicae 1-10 days after treatment. When cyazofamid was applied to infested soil, both root-hair infections and club formation caused by P. brassicae were strongly inhibited at 1-3 mg kg(-1) dry soil. These results suggest that cyazofamid directly inhibits resting spore germination, thereby leading to the inhibition of root-hair infection and club formation. Cyazofamid at 3 mg kg(-1) dry soil also exhibited complete control of clubroot disease. The effect of broadcast soil application using a dust formulation at 2 kg AI ha(-1) (equivalent to 1.3 mg AI kg(-1) dry soil), and plug seedling tray application by a suspension concentrate formulation at 200 and 400 mg AI tray(-1) (30 x 60 x 4 cm3) against P. brassicae was also evaluated. Cyazofamid exhibited good efficacy against the pathogen. The sequential treatment including plug seedling tray application with cyazofamid and pre-plant broadcast soil application with the fungicide fluazinam also exhibited excellent levels of control. These results indicate that cyazofamid has a high potential to be an effective fungicide for the control of clubroot disease. 相似文献
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防治白菜根肿病的药剂筛选 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
分别采用拌药法和灌药法,比较了10种供试药剂对白菜根肿病的温室防治效果,并对盆栽试验防效较好的3种药剂进行了田间药效试验。结果表明,在温室条件下,50%氟啶胺悬浮剂(1 g/m3)、50%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂(25 g/m3)、70%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂(35 g/m3)和40%五氯硝基苯粉剂(20 g/m3)的拌药处理,对白菜根肿病的防效均在50%以上,显著优于灌药处理的防效。田间药效试验结果表明,50%氟啶胺悬浮剂(2 g/m3)拌药处理的防效在80%以上,与盆栽药效试验结果一致,并显著优于其他药剂处理。 相似文献
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Lihong Zhou Lihui Zhang Yueqiu He Feng Liu Miao Li Zhengshuo Wang Guanghai Ji 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,140(1):159-168
Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae is becoming an emerging threat to the production of crucifer vegetable crops in China. The aim of this study was to develop an effective biocontrol strategy against clubroot of Chinese cabbage. Results indicated that six out of fourteen bacterial strains that were isolated from vegetable rhizosphere soil reduced disease severity of Chinese cabbage by more than 50.% under greenhouse conditions.In greenhouse experiments, a soil-drench application of strain YFY 02, 13-1 and HY cell-free culture filtrate reduced the clubroot by 37.7-74.6 % relative to pathogen post-inoculation control on the highly susceptible Chinese cabbage cultivar. Seed treatment of strain YFY 02, 13-1 and HY cell-free culture filtrate reduced clubroot by 23.8-56.0 % in greenhouse experiments. In two field trials conducted at Tonghai and Lufeng sites, cell-free culture filtrates of three isolates reduced clubroot severity on Chinese cabbage by 62.4-76.8 % and 79.4 % -85.1 %, respectively. This efficacy was similar to fungicide Cyazofamid. Based on the sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA gene and identification of biochemical and physiologica criteria l(Biolog carbon source utilization analysis), the strains YFY 02 and HY were identified as Lysobacter antibioticus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of L. antibioticus strains being a promising candidate as a biological control agent against clubroot. 相似文献
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2018年开展青花菜根肿病田间防治试验, 移栽后用5种药剂灌根处理?分别进行了5种药剂灌根次数试验?3种药剂灌根剂量试验和3种药剂灌根时期试验?试验结果表明, 5种药剂中500 g/L氟啶胺SC是防治青花菜根肿病的最佳药剂, 但使用不当会有药害风险, 移栽当天用2 250 g/hm2?移栽后3 d用3 375 g/hm2和4 500 g/hm2灌根, 花球成熟期推迟, 株高?最大叶面积均不同程度受抑制, 尤其在苗期使用会明显抑制生长, 表现为植株矮小?叶片黄化?无法正常盘根?建议用2 250 g/hm2分别在移栽后3~7 d和移栽后30 d各灌根1次?其次采用100 g/L氰霜唑SC, 338 g/hm2在移栽后0~3 d和30 d灌根也可取得较好防效?75%百菌清WP 8 440 g/hm2与100 g/L氰霜唑SC 338 g/hm2防效相当?20%噻唑锌SC防效较低, 62.5 g/L精甲·咯菌腈FSC防效最差, 不适宜用在根肿病防治上? 相似文献
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枯草芽胞杆菌XF-1粗蛋白抑菌活性初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
枯草芽胞杆菌XF-1是一株对大白菜根肿病有良好防治效果及对多种植物病原真菌有抑菌效果的生防菌株。为了研究其可能的作用机制,本文用硫酸铵沉淀法提取了发酵液中粗蛋白,并在不同处理条件下对其抑菌活性进行了初步研究。该粗蛋白对蛋白酶K和胰蛋白酶及紫外照射均不敏感,对热稳定。经40、60、80 ℃和100 ℃处理20 min后,其抑菌作用基本上无变化;经121 ℃处理20 min后,抑菌活性保持60%。这些结果,为进一步研究XF 1菌株对根肿病的防治机制和进一步应用提供了试验依据。 相似文献