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1.
饲喂水平对初产母猪妊娠期增重和增重内容的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用单因子试验设计,研究了不同饲喂水平对初产母猪妊娠期增重和增重内容的影响。选择血缘、年龄、体重(98.73kg)相近的长白×梅山小母猪21头,采用自然交配方式配种后随机分为4个处理(高、NRC、中、低营养水平),每个处理6个重复(高水平3个重复),每个重复1头。试验饲粮为玉米-豆粕型(含消化能13.39MJ/kg,粗蛋白质13.70%),各处理组母猪妊娠期按规定喂量饲喂,妊娠前期分别饲以2.0、1.2、1.0、0.6倍的维持能量需要,妊娠中期和后期分别在妊娠前期基础上提高20%和50%。结果表明,高、NRC、中和低营养水平饲喂,母猪妊娠期总增重分别为86.16、53.23、48.34、26.23kg,妊娠期母体增重(含子宫)分别为61.20、31.10、30.00、9.66kg,仔猪初生窝重分别为11.25、13.38、10.53、9.48kg,子宫附属物重分别为13.71、8.75、7.81、7.09kg,说明饲喂水平显著影响母猪妊娠期增重及增重内容。随饲喂水平提高,母猪分娩前、后体重,妊娠期总增重,妊娠前、中、后期增重,妊娠期母体增重(含子宫)和子宫附属物重显著或极显著增加。高水平饲喂导致母猪分娩后体重过大,体况过肥;低水平饲喂导致母猪分娩后体重过低,体况过瘦;与NRC水平相比,高、中、低水平饲喂均降低仔猪初生窝重。综合考虑,NRC水平饲喂母猪妊娠期增重及增重内容较适宜。 相似文献
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饲喂水平对初产母猪妊娠期各阶段日增重、饲料利用效率和行为的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用单因子试验设计,研究了不同饲喂水平对初产母猪妊娠期各阶段日增重、饲料利用效率和行为的影响。选择血缘、年龄、体重相近(98.7±5.8)kg的长白×梅山小母猪21头,配种后随机分为4个处理(高、NRC、中、低营养水平),除高水平3个重复外,每个水平6个重复,每个重复1头母猪。试验饲粮为玉米-豆粕型日粮(13.4 MJ/kg D E,13.5%CP),各处理组试验母猪妊娠期按规定喂量饲喂,妊娠前期分别饲以2.0、1.2、1.0、0.6倍的维持能量需要,妊娠中期和后期分别在妊娠前期基础上提高采食量20%和50%。结果表明:①随饲喂水平增加,妊娠各期母猪日增重显著提高,高水平饲喂可提高母猪妊娠各期的日增重和饲料利用效率;②低水平饲喂不能满足母猪妊娠的营养需要,显著降低了母猪妊娠各期的增重速度和饲料利用效率;③母猪的安静程度随饲喂水平提高而提高,低水平饲喂引发刻板行为,显著增加母猪的活动量和活动次数。 相似文献
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《养猪》2019,(5)
为研究构树生物发酵饲料饲喂妊娠后期母猪的效果,试验选择体况健康、精神状态良好、2～4胎次、妊娠85 d的大白母猪46头,按随机区组法分为对照组和试验组,每组23个重复,每个重复1头母猪。试验从母猪妊娠85 d开始至仔猪21日龄断奶结束,试验过程中,对照组饲喂场内基础饲粮,试验组用构树生物发酵饲料替代20%基础饲粮饲喂母猪。结果表明:用构树生物发酵饲料替代20%基础饲粮饲喂妊娠后期母猪,不仅对母猪的繁殖性能无不良影响,而且还能极显著提高哺乳仔猪的断奶窝重(P0.01),降低母猪饲养成本,提高养殖效益。综上所述:在该试验条件下,用构树生物发酵饲料替代20%基础饲粮饲喂妊娠后期及哺乳期母猪是完全可行的。 相似文献
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玉米赤霉烯酮对母猪繁殖性能和胎盘免疫相关基因表达量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)对母猪繁殖性能和胎盘免疫相关基因表达量的影响。选择胎次相近、体重200 kg、妊娠第30天的长×大二元杂交母猪40头,随机分为2组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮在基础饲粮中添加1.5 mg/kg的ZEN。试验期74 d。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)饲粮中添加ZEN显著提高了妊娠期母猪死胎数和弱仔猪数(P0.05),显著降低了母猪总产仔数(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加ZEN显著提高了妊娠期母猪血清孕酮含量(P0.05);3)饲粮中添加ZEN显著提高了妊娠期母猪胎盘中Toll样受体-2(TLR-2)和孕酮受体(PGR)基因表达量(P0.05)。由此可见,母猪妊娠期饲粮中添加1.5 mg/kg ZEN可显著降低母猪总产仔数,并显著提高死胎数和弱仔猪数。饲粮中低水平的ZEN对母猪繁殖性能仍产生不利影响。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究母猪饲粮中添加中链甘油三酯（MCT）对母乳和仔猪生长性能的影响。选取20头3～6胎次、妊娠105天的（长×大）母猪,随机分成2组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加4kg／tMCT。试验从母猪妊娠105天开始,至仔猪21日龄断奶结束。结果表明：与对照组相比,试验组仔猪断奶重、母乳乳脂率显著提高,仔猪成活率及乳脂含量有所升高,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。由此可见,母猪妊娠后期及哺乳期饲粮中连续添加4kg／t的MCT,可显著提高仔猪哺乳期增重,提高乳脂含量及乳脂率,改善仔猪的生长性能。 相似文献
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本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加面包粉对哺乳母猪繁殖性能及断奶仔猪、保育仔猪和生长肥育猪生长性能的影响。试验1：选取体重接近、健康状况良好的待产前1周的“长×大”二元杂交母猪50头，随机分为2组，每组25个重复，每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂哺乳母猪饲粮，试验组饲喂用12%的面包粉代替对照组饲粮中部分玉米和豆油的饲粮，饲养试验至仔猪断奶后结束。试验2：选取体重[（7.00±0.71） kg]相近的351头“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪，随机分为3组，每组9个重复，每个重复13头仔猪。对照组饲喂断奶仔猪饲粮，试验组分别饲喂用10%和20%面包粉代替对照组饲粮中部分玉米、豆粕和豆油的饲粮，饲养试验持续10 d。试验3：选取体重[（13.43±0.87） kg]相近的72头“杜×长×大”保育仔猪，随机分为3组，每组4个重复，每个重复6头仔猪。对照组饲喂保育仔猪饲粮，试验组分别饲喂用6%和12%面包粉代替对照组饲粮中部分玉米、豆粕和豆油的饲粮，饲养试验持续30 d。试验4：选取体重[（32.60±0.78） kg]接近的252头“杜×长×大”生长肥育猪，随机分为3组，每组44个重复，每4个重复21头猪。对照组饲... 相似文献
7.
《养猪》2020,(3)
试验旨在研究板蓝根超微粉对长大母猪繁殖性能的影响,为寻找抗生素替代品提供科学依据。试验选择2～8胎、健康的妊娠30 d长大母猪144头,按随机区组分为2组,每组72头。试验从母猪妊娠30 d开始至哺乳仔猪26 d断奶后发情配种结束。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组妊娠母猪、哺乳母猪饲喂基础饲粮+1%板蓝根超微粉,1个月连续饲喂7 d为1个疗程。结果表明,在妊娠母猪饲粮中添加板蓝根超微粉后,总产仔数、产活仔数分别较对照组提高了7.86%(P0.05)、7.92%(P0.05),初生窝重提高了11.94%(P0.01),初生个体重提高了4.02%(P0.05)。在哺乳母猪饲粮中添加板蓝根超微粉后,断奶窝重、断奶个体重、断奶日增重、21 d泌乳量分别较对照组提高了14.06%(P0.01)、6.97%(P0.01)、7.71%(P0.01)、15.64%(P0.01),断奶仔猪成活率提高了1.45%(P0.05)。妊娠期和哺乳期饲粮中添加板蓝根超微粉后,妊娠期延长了2.4 d(P0.01),妊娠期日采食量增加3.72%(P0.05),哺乳期日采食量增加了6.62%(P0.05)。母猪产程缩短54.58 min(P0.01),断奶至发情配种时间缩短了7.17 d(P0.01)。试验组妊娠期、哺乳期母猪尿液稠黄比降低了93.93%,母猪产后恶露比率降低了81.23%,哺乳仔猪腹泻频率降低62.81%(P0.01)。该试验表明,在妊娠母猪、哺乳母猪饲粮中添加板蓝根超微粉后,提高了母猪繁殖性能和健康水平。 相似文献
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为研究母猪妊娠期饲粮中添加L-肉碱对其生产性能的影响,试验采用单因子设计,选取配种时间相近的长大母猪30头,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组饲喂基础饲粮+L-肉碱100 mg/kg、试验2组饲喂基础饲粮+L-肉碱200 mg/kg。妊娠母猪基础饲粮分为妊娠0～90 d和91 d至分娩两个阶段配制,都采用玉米-豆粕型饲粮。试验结果表明,母猪妊娠期饲粮中添加L-肉碱100 mg/kg和200 mg/kg能显著提高仔猪初生重及母猪窝产仔数和窝产活仔数,有效降低窝产弱仔数。 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献12.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献14.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献17.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献19.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献