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桂糖51号(试验代号:桂糖06-1023)是广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所以ROC20为母本、崖城71-374为父本进行有性杂交,采用"五圃制"常规育种技术选育而成的甘蔗新品种。多年试验结果表明,该品种出苗好、宿根发株多、分蘖力强,有效茎数多,中大茎,具有早熟、高糖、高产稳产、宿根性好、易脱叶、抗倒性强、适应性广等诸多优良特性。在2014—2015年广西区域试验中,桂糖51号2年新植1年宿根平均蔗茎产量(102.66 t/hm2)比对照ROC22增产2.49%,平均蔗糖产量(14.46 t/hm2)比对照增产5.17%;其中宿根蔗优势明显,蔗茎产量(108.74 t/hm2)比对照增产12.25%,蔗糖产量(15.59 t/hm2)比对照增产17.67%;平均蔗糖分(14.09%)比对照高0.36%(绝对值)。桂糖51号适宜在土壤疏松,中等以上肥力的蔗区种植。 相似文献
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高糖高产甘蔗新品种桂糖38号的选育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为在广西推广应用高产高糖甘蔗新品种,解决生产上品种结构过于单一的问题,以桂糖73-167为母本,CP84-1198为父本进行甘蔗有性杂交育种,采用"五圃制"选育程序,经过区域试验和生产试验育成了目标品种桂糖38号。广西区试结果表明,桂糖38号平均产蔗量96.3t/hm2,较对照新台糖22增产4.3%,其中宿根平均产蔗量为100.9t/hm2,比新台糖22号增产11.5%;11—2月份平均蔗糖分为14.95%,比新台糖22高0.93个百分点,其中11月和12月的平均蔗糖分分别为13.76%和15.14%,比新台糖22分别高0.84和1.21个百分点;新宿平均含糖量为14.4t/hm2,比新台糖22增11.6%,其中宿根平均含糖量为15.1t/hm2,较新台糖22增17.1%。桂糖38号为早熟、高糖、高产、宿根性好、适应性广的优良甘蔗品种,可在广西中等以上肥力的旱地和水田推广种植。 相似文献
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宿根性特强甘蔗新品种桂糖29号的选育 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
桂糖29号(原编号桂糖02-761)是广西甘蔗研究所从崖城94-46X新台糖22号杂交组合后代中选育的最新甘蔗优良品种.该品种表现为萌芽好,分蘖力强,植株较直立紧凑,中茎,有效茎数多,早熟高糖,丰产,宿根性特强.广西区试试验结果,平均蔗茎产量95.7t/h㎡,比CK2(ROC16)增产12.1%,与CK1(ROC22)相近,其中,宿根蔗产蔗量94.0t/h㎡,比CK1和CK2增产10.5%和19.4%;平均蔗糖分15.62%,比CK1和CK2高0.60和0.64个百分点;平均含糖量15.0t/h㎡,比CK1和CK2增产4.2%和17.2%.该品种适应性广,抗寒性明显优于ROC22.该品种于2010年5月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定正式命名为桂糖29号. 相似文献
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甘蔗新品种云蔗94—375的选育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
云蔗94-375系从Cp72-1210x崖城73-512的杂交后代中选育的优良甘蔗新品种.其表现为生势强、茎径粗壮、直立紧凑、丰产中熟高糖、适应性广.产量(102.6t/hm2)比对照新台糖10号(P.OC10)增产18.8%,比对照桂糖11号增产10.9%;平均甘蔗含糖分(14.45%)比ROC10高0.10个百分点,比桂糖11号高0.15个百分点;平均含糖量(14.7 t/hm2)比ROC10增产17.7%,比桂糖11号增产13.1%.该品种免疫花叶病,抗黑穗病,抗旱性好,适宜于中等肥力的旱坡地、水浇地及水田种植.可作为糖料或糖能兼用甘蔗新品种推广应用. 相似文献
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桂糖33号(原编号桂糖02-770)是广西甘蔗研究所从桂糖69-156×新台糖22号杂交组合后代中选育的最新甘蔗优良品种。该品种表现为中熟、高糖、丰产、易剥叶等优良特性。2008—2009年广西区试结果显示,平均蔗茎产量114.83 t/hm2,分别比对照种CK1(ROC22)和CK2(ROC16)增产13.01%和22.90%,平均含糖量为15.81t/hm2,分别比CK1与CK2增产9.64%和17.02%。其中,新植蔗产蔗量为118.92 t/hm2,分别比CK1和CK2增产16.47%和26.19%;平均含糖量为16.42 t/hm2,分别比CK1与CK2增产14.58%和21.63%。该品种适应性广,蔗茎粗大且生长均匀,增产幅度大。该品种于2011年5月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定正式命名为桂糖33号。 相似文献
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桂糖34号是按"五圃制"常规杂交育种方法经过9年选育而成的甘蔗新品种,比较适合广西旱坡地种植。该品种高产稳产,在广西区域试验中,平均蔗茎产量为112.80 t/hm2,比对照种新台糖16号、新台糖22号分别增产20.82%、11.00%;宿根性好,宿根蔗发株率达196.64%,比新台糖16号高47.66个百分点,比新台糖22号高53.27个百分点;耐旱性较强,在没有灌溉条件的旱地种植,产量最高达107.84t/hm2,比新台糖16号和新台糖22号增产,增幅最高达44.7%。 相似文献
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2011年10个甘蔗宿根栽培试验结果表明:桂糖02-496宿根蔗茎产量最高,达108790 kg/hm2,比新台糖22号和新台糖16号增产17.4％和24.8％,增产极显著.但11月和12月份蔗糖分较低,平均蔗糖分11.97％,比新台糖22号和新台糖16号减1.61和1.46个百分点.原料蔗成本价格最低为358.63元/t,分别比新台糖22号(CK1)和新台糖16号(CK2)减少36.38元/t和51.77元/t,减少9.21％和12.61％.比两对照高产的还有桂辐98-296、桂糖04-2278、桂糖04-120、柳城03-362,但11月和12月份蔗糖分较低.桂糖02-796、玉林1号、桂糖04-153、桂糖04-2724、桂糖04-112的宿根蔗茎产量及蔗糖分表现均不突出. 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。 相似文献
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Insect pest management is facing the economic and ecological challenge worldwide due to the human and environmental hazards caused by majority of the synthetic pesticide chemicals. Identification of novel effective insecticidal compounds is essential to combat increasing resistance rates. Botanicals containing active insecticidal phytochemicals appear to be promising to address some of these problems. Therefore, there is a continuous need to explore new active molecules with different mechanisms of action. Secondary metabolites present in plants apparently function as defense (toxic), which inhibits reproduction and other processes. The phytochemical biomolecules could be used for maximizing the effectiveness and specificity in future insecticide design with specific or multiple target sites, while ensuring the economic and ecological sustainability. In this article, the current state of knowledge on phytochemical sources and insecticidal activity, their mechanism of action in insects, resistance, and promising advances made in phytochemical research are reviewed. 相似文献
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R. W. Summers 《Crop Protection》1989,8(6):451-454
One hundred and fifty-six pre-roost gatherings of starlings were observed at 28 sites around a roost in west Norfolk during winter. Pre-roost gatherings occurred more frequently at individual farmyards compared with individual fields, but 82% of the sites where gatherings occurred were on fields. The size of gatherings was greater, the closer to the roost. Birds in pre-roost gatherings on fields of autumn-sown winter wheat spent most of the time feeding and had a diet composed almost exclusively of wheat seeds. Birds in gatherings on grass fields also fed intensively whereas only 31% of birds at farmyards were feeding. The implications that these results have with regard to potential damage to fields of winter wheat and around farmyards are discussed. 相似文献
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为深入研究昆虫病原真菌蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的功能,根据蝉拟青霉基因组信息克隆疏水蛋白PChyd基因,对该基因序列进行生物信息学分析,使用qRT-PCR技术对其在不同培养条件或阶段下的表达模式进行分析,并通过酶切酶连的方法构建了该基因的敲除载体。结果表明：PChyd基因的开放阅读框序列全长303 bp,编码100 aa,包含22 aa的信号肽序列和70 aa疏水蛋白功能区域。系统发育分析显示该基因与粗糙虫草菌亲缘关系最近。qRT-PCR结果显示PChyd基因在PDA培养的菌丝体、诱导的附着胞、诱导的芽生孢子中表达量显著高于另外2个样品,其中芽生孢子表达量最高,暗示该基因在蝉拟青霉侵染初期和在昆虫血腔中定殖阶段可能具有重要作用。凝胶电泳结果表明,成功构建了该基因的敲除载体,扩增出含有上臂、HPH、下臂的3356 bp左右的片段。本研究为进一步探究蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的致病机理、生防工程菌的改造奠定了基础。 相似文献
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波罗蜜叶片突变体叶绿素含量测定和超微结构观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
波罗蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus）是一种热带果树,至今对其突变体的研究少有报道。本研究以波罗蜜叶片为试验材料,探究其叶片出现白化和返绿现象的可能原因。（1）用分光光度计法、比色法测定波罗蜜叶片突变体和正常绿叶的叶绿素及叶绿素前体物质含量;（2）用叶绿素酶Elisa试剂盒测定叶绿素酶活性;（3）用透射电子显微镜对叶绿体的超微形态结构进行观察。研究结果表明：（1）不同叶色所产生的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总含量、类胡萝卜素含量均存在显著差异;（2）波罗蜜叶片突变体和正常绿叶的叶绿素合成前体物质含量之间并没有出现显著性差异;（3）对波罗蜜叶片的叶绿素酶活性进行测定时,发现其活性出现显著差异,但对其叶绿素含量的差异性并没有产生较大影响;（4）观察波罗蜜叶片内叶绿体超微形态结构时,发现正常绿叶的叶绿体形态完好且数量较多,白化叶和返绿叶的叶绿体内部结构存在缺陷,其原因是叶绿体基粒构建阶段受阻;基于测定波罗蜜叶片中的叶绿素、叶绿素前体物质含量和叶绿素酶活性,并观察波罗蜜叶片内叶绿体的超微形态结构,对得到的数据结果进行比较分析。本研究推测是在叶绿素合成阶段,原脱植基叶绿素合成叶绿素时受阻及叶绿体发不良导致波罗蜜出现白化和返绿现象,为今后进一步综合研究波罗蜜突变体提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为了寻找一种高效的荔枝果实瞬时基因表达方法,本研究以荔枝品种‘新球蜜荔’（Litchi chinensis Sonn. var. ‘Xinqiumili’）为试材,利用农杆菌注射法对荔枝果实组织进行转化,研究了果实发育时期、菌株种类、注射部位、取样时间、菌液浓度等对转化效率的影响。结果表明：选择果肉已完全包裹种子的Ⅱb期果实进行连体注射,在果柄、果皮、种子、果肉分别注入OD600值为2.4的农杆菌菌株GV3101,4 d后取样进行检测,4个组织的GUS染色率较高。本研究成功建立了适用于荔枝果实的基因瞬时表达系统,为今后快速鉴定荔枝果实相关基因功能提供了基础。 相似文献