共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
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李建国 《北方牧业(奶牛)》2009,(10):19-21
DHI——奶牛生产性能测定．是奶牛场管理和育种工作的基础。DHI报告能准确地反映牛群的实际情况．通过DHI生产性能测定给奶牛场提供有用信息，这其中包括牛群的配种、牛群的结构、牛群健康状况、体细胞数、乳脂率、乳蛋白等等，根据DHI报告分析奶牛场存在的问题．指导生产。 相似文献
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国外成功经验表明，搞好奶牛生产性能测定工作是加快奶牛育种进展的关键。我省上世纪70年代成立专业化育种队伍，80年代参加全国后裔测定工作。近年来，又抓住良好机遇，组织雁门关生态畜牧经济区重点奶牛场开展了生产性能测定（DHI）工作，并把它作为育种工作的重点来抓，取得初步成效。现将这方面的工作体会介绍如下. 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2016,(10)
<正>2015年笔者等在忻州市推广了奶牛生产性能测定(DHI)技术,共实施了5个县(市、区)的11个奶牛养殖场,涉及存栏牛8184头,其中产奶牛4243头,参加奶牛生产性能测定奶牛3493头,收到了良好的经济效益和社会效益。1技术推广背景奶牛生产性能测定(DHI)技术是通过技术手段对奶牛场的个体牛和牛群状况进行科学评估,依据科学手段适时调整奶牛场饲养管理,最大限度发挥奶牛生产潜力,达到奶牛场科学化管理 相似文献
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We used the movements of adult milking cows among farms enrolled in the Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) program in Ontario to explore the size of an epidemic that might result from farm-to-farm movements of cows in the Province if a reportable long-incubation infection like tuberculosis (TB) were introduced and not detected for 1-3 years after introduction. A directed network was created for each year (2004-2006) using all pairs of individual shipments, defined as the movement of one or more cows on a single day, from a single source DHI farm to a single recipient DHI farm. A 3-year network was also developed that included all cow shipments that took place during these 3 years. The lower and upper bounds of potential maximal epidemic size were estimated using four network-analysis measures: (1) the farm out-degree, (2) the size of the largest strong and weak components, (3) the bow-tie approach, classifying farms into six different areas of a directed network and (4) the infection chain of a farm. All four of the DHI movement networks were found to be small-world, indicating that infection could spread over considerable distances by shipments that linked potentially distant clusters of farms. The networks were also scale-free, indicating most farms had relatively few connections to other farms, while there were a few highly connected farms. Characterization of the yearly networks showed that 41-47% of DHI farms were not involved in any cow shipments and were therefore not at risk of infection from this movement network; furthermore, if infection were introduced into a DHI farm that shipped animals that year, the infection would have stopped at that farm (or at least, not been passed on by shipment of adult milking cows) >50% of the time, and 75% of the time only one more DHI farm would have become infected through animal movements. Compared to the infection chain, which accounted for both the direction and the time sequence of shipments in the movement network, the other network-analysis measures provided biased estimates of potential epidemic size. The bow-tie approach provided a schematic representation of the level of risk of each farm in the network in spreading an infection, but overestimated the lower- and upper-bound measures of potential epidemic size because it did not account for the time sequence of shipments. Our infection-chain results suggest that introducing a long-incubation disease into the network of farms enrolled in the DHI program in Ontario that was not identified until 12 months after the incursion would, in a worst-case scenario, have resulted in 168 farms (representing 5% of all Ontario DHI herds) being infected as a consequence of adult cow movements among DHI farms. This estimate increased to 850 farms (26% of all DHI herds) if the infection were not identified for 36 months. 相似文献
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DHI报告解读及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DHI报告解读及应用 《畜牧与饲料科学》2016,37(5):75-75
近年来,随着奶牛养殖业的迅速发展,DHI技术在奶牛场中的应用已经普及,依据DHI报告,可以了解牛场的饲养管理、繁殖配种、乳房保健及疾病防治等状况,进行科学的饲养管理及选种选配,有效地防治乳腺炎,合理地淘汰牛只,进而显著提高奶牛生产性能和经济效益。全面、准确解读DHI报告,在解决奶牛场的实际问题和牛群改良中,起着越来越重要的作用。主要以宁夏某奶牛场2016年2月的DHI报告为例,就DHI报告中的关键指标作一介绍,旨在使DHI报告在实际生产中发挥重要指导作用。 相似文献
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依据宁夏地区奶牛场日常管理及饲养状况,从DHI参测场中选择15个奶牛场为调查分析对象,收集了2013-2016年泌乳牛的400 701条DHI数据,剔除异常指标,运用SAS 9.0软件中的一般线性模型,分析了宁夏地区牛群产奶性状、乳脂率和乳蛋白率的影响因素。结果表明,不同牛场、不同测定年份、不同产犊季节及不同胎次对奶牛产奶量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率都有一定的影响。该结果为宁夏地区奶牛场更科学有效的管理提供建设性意见,从而帮助牛场提高奶牛群体整体质量,获得更高的生产效率和经济效益。 相似文献
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DHI测定是奶牛场精细化管理的工具,它不仅反映奶牛的产奶性能,饲养管理与健康水平,还能根据报表信息对奶牛场的育种与繁殖情况进行评价从而改进管理措施,利用好DHI报表信息可以提高奶牛场的技术管理水平和经济效益。本研究通过采集宁夏某奶牛场12个月的DHI报表数据,分析乳脂肪、乳蛋白、尿素氮、体细胞数、泌乳持续力等关键性指标,对该奶牛场的生产性能、经营管理、育种繁殖状况进行综合评定。结果表明：该牛场的泌乳高峰日到达较晚;牛群乳房炎在冬季发生率较高;群体尿素氮含量处于正常范围（10-18mg/dL）,对奶牛的繁殖性能影响较小;泌乳持续力较高、奶牛群体平均泌乳天数较长引起的繁殖问题较严重。针对测检和分析中发现的问题,提出了建议的改进措施。 相似文献
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为评估DHI中的体细胞值对奶牛乳房炎的预警作用,以湖南省DHI中心对宁乡某规模化奶牛场2019年3-4月份DHI数据为基础,结合乳房炎快速检测液,筛选临床或隐性乳房炎奶牛,确定为药物治疗效果试验组。采集筛选牛群奶样,进行细菌分离培养、鉴定,结合药敏实验开展针对性治疗,观察治疗效果。结果发现:从试验组奶样中均分离出各种乳房炎致病菌,其中主要是大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;经敏感药物治疗后,患牛乳中体细胞数(SCC)下降极显著(P<0.01)。结论:体细胞数(SCC)作为DHI检测的一项重要指标,对奶牛乳房炎起到第一预警作用;DHI报告同时针对出现的问题提出相应的改进措施,以期使DHI成为牛场发现管理问题、增加养殖效益的有效工具,切实服务于奶牛场的实际生产。 相似文献
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本研究对黑龙江省地区20个大、小型牧场的2010年DHI数据进行了统计,从牛群管理水平、饲养水平、乳房健康、繁殖性能及体型评分五个方面进行分析,并针对目前牧场所存在的问题探讨了今后育种改良的对策。 相似文献
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本文归纳总结了奶牛群体改良(DHI)技术的有关操作要点,并分析了其在奶牛场生产中的常见应用,供奶牛养殖场参考。 相似文献