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1.
本文报道了团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)血清中17β-雌二醇放射免疫的测定方法,将所建立的测定方法用于鱼类血清测定,并对方法的准确性(回收率92.8±8.16％)、特异性(抗血清与雌酮、雌三醇的交叉反应分别为<3.20％、<2.99％)和灵敏度(2.36—2.50pg)作了检验。标准曲线的r=-0.998,s=0.023-0.051,检测范围为10—400pg/管。 团头鲂催产后血清中促性腺激素(GTH)含量增高,为产卵前的17倍左右,而未产卵个体的GTH含量则为产卵个体产卵前的3—5倍。与草鱼和鲢鱼一样,当血清中GTH达到一定浓度时,才能实现产卵。 随着团头鲂卵巢的发育,血清中17β-雌二醇(17β-E_2)含量和成熟系数同步逐渐上升,至第Ⅳ期卵巢发育成熟阶段,血清中17β-E_2含量形成一个高峰,达到2004.11±1136.31pg/ml,可作为卵母细胞卵黄迅速积累的指标。过后,血清中的17β-E_2含量略有下降,催产前为1392.71±399.09和1219.29±420.51pg/ml,产卵后,血清中17β-E_2含量在短时间内迅速下降到346.71±129.51和324.28±228.00pg/ml。 雄鱼则与雌鱼相反,17β-E_2含量随精巢发育而逐渐下降,并一直维持在一个低水平。  相似文献   

2.
河蟹在蜕壳前,血淋巴中 20-羟基蜕皮酮(20-HE)含量达到最高峰——116.16±32.96ng/ml;蜕壳时降入低谷——7.09±1.39ng/ml;蜕壳后仍然很低。血淋巴中20-HE 调控着河蟹的蜕壳周期。雌性河蟹卵母细胞进入大生长期,9月份血淋巴中 17β-雌二醇(17β-E_2)出现峰值——3.62±1.11ng/ml,促进了卵母细胞的卵黄积累。雄性河蟹10月份血淋巴中睾酮(T)含量开始上升,至12月份达到 2.15±0.28ng/ml,诱导精巢发育成熟。雌性河蟹血淋巴中 20-HE 含量在5月和8月各出现一个峰值,分别为 13.15±6.99和 15.80±7.40ng/ml;雄性河蟹则在6月和9月各出现一个峰值,分别为 20.25±13.58和 14.00±9.48ng/ml。雌、雄河蟹同在2月份为全年最低值,分别为3.75±3.38 和3.68±1.78ng/ml。实验结果阐明了雌、雄河蟹 5、6月份血淋巴中 20-HE 出现的峰值与生长有关;8、9 月份出现的峰值与青春蜕壳、早期性腺发育相联系。  相似文献   

3.
虹鳟排卵前后血清中性类固醇激素浓度变化的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
赵维信 《水产学报》1987,11(3):205-213
对虹鳟(Salmo gairdneri)排卵前后血清17β-雌二醇(17β-E_2),睾酮(T)和17α-羟-20β-双氢孕酮(17α20βP)的含量进行了测定。17β-E_2从排卵前15天的18.1ng/ml急骤下降到排卵前3—6天的2ng/ml,并继续下降,至排卵时仅为0.9ng/ml。睾酮在虹鳟雌鱼血清中的含量很高,血清浓度从排卵前9天的峰值水平143.3ng/ml缓慢下降,排卵时为24.3ng/ml。17α20βP的血清浓度变化明显,排卵前15天,该激素浓度接近于基线水平或甚至低得不能被检测,排卵前9天开始迅速上升,到排卵前3天达到峰值350.6ng/ml,排卵时为302.2ng/ml。本研究进一步证实了17α20βP在鲑鳟鱼类卵母细胞最后成熟过程中的生理作用,是一种诱发卵母细胞成熟的类固醇激素。临排卵前,血清17β-E_2浓度的下降,可能调节了17α20βP大量分泌的时间;17α20βP的大量分泌是卵母细胞达到最后成熟和排卵不可缺少的一环。注射合成的大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta)促性腺激素释放激素(s-GnRH)及其类似物(s-GnRH-A),诱发虹鳟血清类固醇激素17β-E_2,睾酮和17α20βP的变化趋势与自然排卵时的变化相类似。经注射药物诱发排卵的鱼,较对照组提早一周排卵,而且排卵较同步和集中。  相似文献   

4.
2004-2005年检测和分析了大鲵(Andrias davidianus)尿液中睾酮(TT)和雌二醇(E2)水平的季节性变化、性激素水平季节性变化规律及其与繁殖的关系.结果表明,雌二醇含量呈年度周期性变化,表现为生殖季节前逐渐达到顶峰,繁殖期过后逐渐降低至正常值,呈抛物线变化;7月8日达到峰值,最小值出现在3月初.当雌性个体雌二醇水平高于946.45 pg/mL,雄性个体睾酮含量高于0.2954 ng/mL,适时催产可促使雌鲵产卵和雄鲵排精,且精卵质量好;低于此值,一般不能产卵或排精.  相似文献   

5.
为探究盐度在中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)交配和产卵前后对血淋巴中5种激素的影响,本研究分别设置了0、2、4、6的交配盐度和3、6、9、12、15、18、21的产卵盐度,分析了不同交配和产卵盐度条件下,中华绒螯蟹血淋巴中双羟基孕酮(DHP)、促性腺激素(GTH)、前列腺素(PG)、雌二醇(E2)和睾酮的含量变化。结果显示,在淡水中,雌蟹无交配行为发生,当盐度<6时,雌蟹只交配不产卵。雌蟹在盐度为2～6中交配后,血淋巴中GTH、PG、E2和睾酮与交配前相比均无明显变化,且交配后各盐度组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着盐度的升高,雌蟹产卵前,血淋巴中DHP、PG、E2和睾酮的含量均呈先下降再上升的趋势;产卵后血淋巴中DHP、PG、E2则呈先上升后下降的趋势,其中,当盐度为18时,雌蟹产卵后,血淋巴中DHP、GTH、PG、E2和睾酮含量均降到最低,且与产卵前相比均有显著差异(P<0.05)。当盐度为6时,雌蟹产卵前血淋巴中DHP、PG、E2和...  相似文献   

6.
模拟鮸鱼自然繁殖生境,采用调控水温、光照,并结合注射生物激素,促使鮸鱼在春季达到性成熟,以春季繁殖鮸鱼亲鱼为材料,检测了其血清中雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)和睾酮(T)变化情况。结果表明:1~3月,E2、P和T含量很低;从4月份开始E2、P和T含量逐渐上升;5月份E2、P和T的含量急剧上升,最大值分别到达416.8±254.6 pg/ml、1.75±0.41 ng/ml和0.39±0.18 ng/ml;6月份E2、P和T维持较高的含量;多次催产后到7月份,E2、P和T明显下降,均处于较低水平。说明E2、P和T的检测较准确地反映了人工控制条件下春季繁殖鮸鱼亲鱼的生殖生理活动。  相似文献   

7.
淡水鱼类有的在池塘中能自然产卵,如鲤(Gyprinus carpio)、鳊(Megalobrama amblyocephala)等,有的鱼必须给予外源激素才能产卵,如青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)。为探索产生这种差别的原因,本文用放射免疫方法测定了鲤、鲢、草鱼产卵季节促性腺激素(GTH)在垂体中的含量和血清中浓度的日周期变化。鲤、草、鲢24小时血清GTH浓度呈脉冲式波动,白天出现3-4次高峰,夜间雌的有时还有一次高峰。鲤高峰值多在20-40毫微克／毫升血清,峰谷在5—15毫微克／毫升血清,GTH浓度始终保持高水平,而草、鲢高峰值仅2—8毫微克／毫升血清,峰谷0．1—1毫微克／毫升血清。草、鲢每只垂体GTH含量较高,约为鲤的2．5倍。以上数据说明草、鲢垂体释放GTH比鲤少。这种差别可能反映了在池塘中鲤能自产,而草、鲢不能自产的原因。草鱼垂体离体培养,白天和黑夜取材,对LRH-A的反应性不同,白天的反应较弱,对此进行了讨论。  相似文献   

8.
林静  湛嘉  帅滇  王婷  王倩  王磊  俞雪钧  刘利平 《水产学报》2015,39(9):1341-1349
本文采用超高效液相色谱—串联质谱(UPLC/MS/MS)方法,分析比较了成年花鳗鲡(Anguilla marmorata)经多次注射鲤鱼脑垂体(carp pituitary extract,CPE,20mg/kg.周)和人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG,300IU/kg.周)后,卵巢发育成熟过程中6种性类固醇激素的含量及变化。结果发现,睾酮(testosterone,T)、孕酮(progesterone,P)、雌二醇(estradiol-17β,E2)、雌三醇(estriol,E3)、17α,20β-二羟基-4-孕烯-3-酮(17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one,DHP)、17α-羟基孕酮(17α-hydroxyprogesterone,17α-OHP)在xBridge C18色谱柱上得到良好分离,在0～200ng/ml的范围内线性相关系数均大于0.99,检测限为0.1~0.2ng/g,回收率超过了89％,相对标准差均小于7.3%;注射激素后,6种类固类醇激素在花鳗鲡卵巢中的含量变化情况如下：第2次注射后,T, P, E2, E3, DHP, 17α-OHP的含量分别为0.27±0.05, 0.64±0.05, 0, 1.17±0.19, 0, 0ng/g; 第9次注射后,T, P, E2, E3, DHP, 17α-OHP的含量分别为0.73±0.13, 1.28±0.38, 1.27±0.27, 0.83±0.14, 1.50±0.59, 0.43±0.25ng/g; 第16次注射后,T, P, E2, E3, DHP, 17α-OHP的含量分别为1.17±0.14, 2.23±0.51, 5.59±0.96, 2.46±0.70, 2.29±0.65, 4.56±0.74 ng/g。结果表明,随着外源激素注射次数的增加,花鳗鲡卵巢中6种类固类醇激素的含量整体呈逐步增加的趋势,UPLC/MS/MS法能同时定量测定这6种性类固醇激素,具有灵敏、高回收率、稳定的优势。  相似文献   

9.
本文研究人工养殖条件下雌达氏鳇Huso dauricus的生长、性腺发育以及性激素变化特性。结果表明:随着年龄的增长,雌达氏鳇体质量和体长显著增加(P<0.05),体质量与体长关系式为:W=8E-0.7L3.46,(R=0.99)。不同年龄雌鱼的肥满度随年龄的增加而增加。达氏鳇血清雌二醇(17β-E2)和睾酮(T)水平随雌鱼年龄的增加而升高,9龄雌鱼血清的17β-E2和T水平显著高于2~8龄雌鱼,分别为36594.4pg·m L-1和77.97ng·m L-1(P<0.05)。2~9龄达氏鳇血清的E2/T比值的变动范围为0.283~0.469,而6龄雄达氏鳇血清的17β-E2/T比值则为0.014。其中,6龄雄性达氏鳇血清的T水平显著高于2~7龄雌鱼(P<0.05),而与8龄雌鱼血清的T水平差异不显著(P>0.05)。组织学观察显示,2~3龄达氏鳇的性腺已发育至第Ⅰ期,其中4~5龄雌鱼的卵巢以第Ⅱ期时项的卵母细胞为主,而6~7龄的卵巢以Ⅲ时项的卵母细胞为主,8~9龄达氏鳇的卵巢以Ⅲ期末的卵母细胞为主。  相似文献   

10.
本文在调节光周期促进虹鳟早产试验的基础上,通过对17β-E_2(雌二醇)和睾酮两种激素含量的测定,研究在人工控制光周期的情况下,两种激素的动态变化,以及与正常鱼激素含量的比较.进一步研究光周期对虹鳟性腺成熟促进作用的机理.  相似文献   

11.
Blood and ovarian samples were collected at intervals of 4h prior to spawning time from medaka (Oryzias latipes) that were maturationally synchronized with artificial photoperiod (14h light: 10h dark). Plasma estradiol-17β (E2) levels increased rapidly from 16h before spawning and peaked at 8h before spawning. Follicle-enclosed oocytes (ovarian follicles) at different stages of development were isolated from the ovaries and used to study the in vitro effects of thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine; T3) on pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (GTH)-induced E2 production. GTH at a concentration of 100 IU/ml stimulated E2 production by ovarian follicles collected between 32 and 16h before spawning. At 32h before spawning, T3 (5 ng/ml) administered along with GTH (100 IU/ml) resulted in a 3.5 fold increase in E2 production, compared with GTH administered alone. These results suggest that T3 can act on ovarian follicles directly to modulate GTH-stimulated E2 production in the medaka.  相似文献   

12.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vivo effects of different doses of 17-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) on the levels of plasma and pituitary gonadotropin II (GTH II) in 2-year-old black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, during the spawning season. Male fish were distributed among 7 groups (n = 49), control, E2or T (with 3 doses, 2.4 ng, 72 ng and 2.2 g g–1 body weight). Fish were injected with the respective vehicle or different doses of E2 or T on days 1 and 14. Plasma E2 levels were significantly increased in the 72 ng E2 group on days 8 and 14. Plasma vitellogenin levels were significantly higher in the 72 ng E2 group on days 14 and 20, and 2.2 g E2 group on days 8, 14 and 20 than those in the control group. Plasma GTH II concentrations were significantly higher in the 2.2 g E2 group than in the control and other E2groups on days 8, 14 and 20. Pituitary GTH II contents was significantly higher in the 7.2 ng E2 group compared to the control and other E2groups on day 20. Plasma GTH II concentrations were similar in the control and all the T groups on days 8, 14 and 20. None of the doses of T treatment stimulated pituitary GTH II content on day 20, although plasma vitellogenin levels were elevated. It is concluded that GTH II synthesis and secretion in black porgy is stimulated by an estrogen-specific effect.  相似文献   

13.
The present study was designed to obtain basic endocrine information on GTH I and GTH II in previtellogenic and prespermatogenic coho salmon (immature). Levels of GTH II in pituitary extracts were 6.5 ± 2.0 and 6.7 ± 2.0 pg/μg pituitary protein in male and female fish, respectively. In contrast, the pituitary content of GTH I was approximately 100-fold higher than GTH II (1.302 ± .22 and 1.173 ± .21 ng/μg pituitary protein in male and female fish, respectively). Plasma levels of GTH II in immature salmon were not detectable by RIA whereas plasma GTH I levels were approximately 0.62 ± 0.12 and 0.78 ± 0.13 ng/ml in male and female fish, respectively. Highly purified coho salmon GTH I and GTH II stimulated testicular testosterone production and ovarian estradiol productionin vitro in a similar manner, though GTH II appeared more potent than GTH I. Therefore, it appears that although the salmon pituitary contains predominantly GTH I prior to puberty, the gonad can respond to both GTH I and GTH II.  相似文献   

14.
The seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and plasma estradiol‐17β (E2) level in female rabbit fish (Siganus guttatus) were investigated. The relationship between plasma E2 levels with these indices and ovarian growth was also evaluated. Each month, at least 10 female broodfish were sacrificed to collect liver, ovary and blood for HSI, GSI and plasma E2, respectively. GSI and HSI were calculated as percentage (%) of relative weight of gonad and liver to total body weight, respectively. Plasma E2 level was measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). Ovaries were cut and stained for histological observation. The results included seasonal changes in plasma E2 levels, stages of ovarian development, GSI and HSI. The highest level of E2 was observed in June (1,445.62 pg/ml) and during vitellogenesis (2,305 pg/ml). GSI and HSI values significant fluctuated monthly. The highest HSI and GSI were 1.72% in May and 3.58% in June, respectively. The pattern of plasma E2 levels showed a relationship with GSI and different stages of ovarian development. HSI was associated with ovarian stages. During vitellogenesis, the highest value (1.9%) of HSI was observed. Histological sections showed that rabbit fish is a multiple spawner. These results contribute to further understanding of female rabbit fish reproductive biology in captivity. Important reproductive parameters such as HSI, GSI and E2 can be used to indicate maturation status of this fish species.  相似文献   

15.
In the present investigation, significant annual/seasonal variations were noticed in plasma and pituitary gonadotropin (GTH) which were correlated with gonado-somatic index, plasma estradiol-17β, and nuclear E2 receptor (NE2R) in the pituitary, hypothalamus and telencephalon. The NE2R concentrations and dissociation constant (k d) values showed significant seasonal variations with high values in the late preparatory phase and low values in the postspawning phase. The NE2R levels were the highest in the pituitary, followed by the hypothalamus and telencephalon in all the seasons. In the prespawning phase, ovariectomy (OVX) elicited a strong negative feedback on GTH secretion with a bimodal pattern of release and elevated the NE2R levels and k d values, without producing any significant change in the resting phase suggesting that E2 appears to exert differential feedbacks on GTH secretion.  相似文献   

16.
The main objective of the paper is to describe the annual changes in hormones associated with reproduction in the female carp under the conditions prevailing in the Israeli fish culture. Fish were sampled monthly throughout 1984; gonadosomatic index (GSI) was calculated and the diameter of ovarian follicles was measured. Gonadotropin (GTH) content in the pituitary and the circulating GTH, estradiol, testosterone and 17, 20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17, 20-P) were determined by specific radioimmunoassays. GTH, estradiol and testosterone showed a bimodal annual pattern. The late summer peak was associated with initial vitellogenesis while the peak in spring occurred just before spawning, which took place in April-May. A resting phase in ovarian activity was noted in June and July. The levels of 17, 20-P were very low compared with those occurring during spawning induction. The paper summarizes a previous study by our laboratory on the changes in circulating hormones, as related to oocyte stages, in female carp induced to spawn by a GTH-calibrated pituitary extract. This study associates the short but prominent peak in 17, 20-P with the presence of follicles with maturing oocytes in the ovary. A correlation was found between the percentage of oocytes with eccentric germinal vesicle initially present in ovarian biopsies of females carp and their spawning success after hypophysation. The paper describes simple means to ensure successful induction of spawning in carp by utilizing a calibrated pituitary extract and prior selection of females that would respond to the induction treatment.  相似文献   

17.
Steroid hormone profiles accompanying sexual maturation in captive milkfish are described. There were no significant differences in levels of serum estradiol 17- (E2) and testosterone (T) between immature male and female fish. Mean E2 levels rose from 0.54±0.11 ng/ml in immature females (Stage 1) to 4.53±1.16 ng/ml in vitellogenic females (Stage 5), while T levels increased from 2.06±0.28 ng/ml to 38.4±9.26 ng/ml. E2 and T levels were positively correlated to GSI and oocyte diameter. In males, serum T levels increased from 2.5±0.40 ng/ml in immature males to 27.73±5.02 ng/ml in spermiating males. A significantly higher T level was found in males with thick and scantly milt (spermiation index, SPI, 2) compared to males with scanty milt (SPI, 1) or males with copious, fluid milt (SPI, 3).Serum levels of E2 and T, and the GSI in females rose significantly during the breeding season (April–June 1983). The levels of both steroids dropped below 1 ng/ml in spent females sampled in succeeding months. In immature males, T levels ranged from 1.11 ng/ml to 2.78 ng/ml and rose significantly to 21.52±8.38 ng/ml during the breeding season when GSI peaked. Serum T levels dropped to around 10 ng/ml in the succeeding months when only spent or regressed males were sampled.  相似文献   

18.
三种鲤对暴发性鱼病抗病力的差异   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  
蔡完其  孙佩芳 《水产学报》1994,18(4):290-296
本文报道三种鲤对嗜水气单胞菌引起暴发性鱼病的抗病力试验结果。当菌液浓度为６．０×１０￣８ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ，采用１０￣０、１０￣（－１）、１０￣（－２）、１０￣（－３）四个稀释度、０．３ｍｌ／尾注射剂量时，建鲤、野鲤和镜鲤的半数致死量（ＬＤ＿（５０））分别为１０￣（－１．３７５）、１０￣（－０．９７６）、１０￣（－０．５６２）。这三种鲤的半数致死量差异显著（Ｆ＞Ｆ＿（０．０５））。从四个方面研究了抗病机理：白细胞吞噬功能和补体替代途径（Ｃ＿３旁路）杀菌能力，镜鲤较强于野鲤和建鲤，但无显著差异（Ｆ＜Ｆ０．０５）；红细胞Ｃ＿（３ｂ）受体花环率和补体总量（单位／ｍｌ），是建鲤＞野鲤＞镜鲤，差异极显著（Ｆ＞Ｆ０．０１）。本研究结果还表明建鲤的红细胞Ｃ＿（３ｂ）受体花环率和补体总量稍高，但对暴发性鱼病病原（嗜水气单胞菌）较易感染。以上结果证明，不同品系鲤鱼对暴发性鱼病有种内特异性。  相似文献   

19.
The plasma levels of estradiol-17 (E2), 17, 20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20-P) and gonadotropin (GTH) were measured in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) during the period from the end of vitellogenesis to postovulation. Blood samples were taken according to specific stages of maturation, including germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and ovulation. E2 levels were quite high (45 ng/ml) at the end of vitellogenesis (and prior to GVBD) and dropped precipitously by GVBD (2 ng/ml). They remained low through ovulation and postovulation. 17,20-P levels were low prior to GVBD (0.7 ng/ml) and increased dramatically at GVBD (148 ng/ml). The levels of 17,20-P remained high at ovulation (142 ng/ml) and then dropped significantly within 24 h to approximately half of the ovulatory values. They decreased even further by 7 days postovulation. GTH levels rose gradually through GVBD and ovulation from a postvitellogenic level of approximately 3 ng/ml to a 7 day postovulatory value of approximately 10 ng/ml. The overall results; 1) decrease in estradiol prior to GVBD, 2) increase in 17,20-P at GVBD and 3) gradual GTH rise through GVBD and ovulation, are similar to those reported for other salmonids.  相似文献   

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