共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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《畜牧与兽医》2018,(12)
为探究葛根素(Pur)在镉(Cd)致大鼠大脑皮质氧化损伤中的保护作用,40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别为对照组、镉组、葛根素组、镉与葛根素共处理组。试验期间,所有大鼠均自由饮用纯净水,每天按200 mg/kg剂量的葛根素对葛根素组、镉与葛根素共处理组大鼠进行灌胃,同时以相同剂量的纯净水将对照组、镉组大鼠进行灌胃,连续处理5周,镉组、镉与葛根素共处理组大鼠在处理4周后连续一周每天用醋酸镉按2.5 mg/kg剂量进行腹腔注射。5周后,分离大鼠大脑皮质,测定大脑皮质内总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果表明,与对照组相比,镉组大鼠大脑皮质T-AOC,SOD和GSH-Px活性显著降低(P0.05),MDA含量显著升高(P0.05);与镉组相比,镉与葛根素共处理组T-AOC,SOD和GSH-Px活性显著升高(P0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P0.05)。说明葛根素在镉致大鼠大脑皮质氧化损伤中具有一定的保护作用。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2021,(7)
为探究葛根素对镉致大鼠肾脏病理变化和皮质氧化损伤的保护效应,将36只雄性SD大鼠随机平均分为4组,分别为对照组、镉组、葛根素组、镉与葛根素共处理组。葛根素组、镉与葛根素共处理组,每天用0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠溶解的葛根素按照200 mg/kg体重进行灌胃;对照组、镉组每天灌胃相同剂量0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠。14 d后,在所有组继续灌胃的同时,镉组、镉与葛根素共处理组用50 mg/L镉自由饮水。90 d后,剖检采集肾脏,制作肾脏病理切片并镜检观察;分离肾脏皮质,测定肾脏皮质的丙二醛(MDA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。结果表明,与对照组相比,镉组肾脏出现一定的病理损伤,肾皮质MDA和GSH含量极显著升高(P0.01),SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01);与镉组相比,镉与葛根素共处理组肾脏病理损伤有所减轻,肾皮质MDA、GSH含量显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01)。研究表明,葛根素在镉致大鼠肾脏病理变化和皮质氧化损伤中具有一定的保护效应。 相似文献
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24只4周龄雄性SD大鼠,分成4组并每天按以下处理:对照组灌服蒸馏水(10 mL/kg);葛根素组每日按照100mg/kg的用量灌服葛根素;镉组按照2mg/kg的Cd2+用量腹腔注射氯化镉溶液(10g/L);镉+葛根素组,在镉组的处理基础上,再按照100mg/kg的用量灌服葛根素。4周后,将大鼠麻醉并处死,摘取睾丸称其质量并计算脏器系数,睾丸制成组织匀浆检测大鼠睾丸中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量,并制作睾丸病理切片显微镜观察。结果显示与对照组相比,镉组大鼠睾丸脏器系数极显著降低(P0.01);睾丸组织中CAT和MDA的含量显著或极显著增加(P0.05或P0.01),GSH含量极显著减少(P0.01);与镉组相比,镉+葛根素组睾丸脏器系数极显著升高(P0.01);睾丸组织中CAT和MDA的含量显著降低(P0.05),GSH含量显著增加(P0.05)。病理切片显示镉组大鼠睾丸组织的细胞出现实化,看不到各级睾丸细胞正常结构,镉+葛根素组与镉组相比,睾丸细胞损坏程度都有所减轻。本试验表明镉对大鼠睾丸有损伤作用,而葛根素能减轻这种损伤,对镉致大鼠睾丸损伤具有保护作用。 相似文献
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镉对大鼠原代肝细胞的毒性损伤 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用两步灌流法获得大鼠肝细胞,肝细胞暴露于浓度为2.5、5、10μmol/L的醋酸镉24 h.测定了细胞活力、培养上清液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)活性及细胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化.结果表明,细胞相对存活率显著下降(P<0.01),LDH、AST和ALT的释放量增加,5μmol/L和10 μmol/L剂量组与对照组相比差异均显著(P<0.01),细胞内GSH-PX活性降低,各剂量染毒组与对照组相比,差异均极显著(P<0.01);细胞内GSH含量升高,5 μmol/L和10μmol/L剂量组与对照组差异均显著(P<0.05),细胞内MDA含量升高,10μmol/L剂量组与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05).表明镉可致肝细胞损伤,并且氧化应激起了重要作用. 相似文献
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为探究死亡受体Fas在镉暴露致大鼠大脑皮质自噬体形成中的作用,将24只21日龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别为对照组、镉组、镉与对照病毒共处理组、镉与Fas基因沉默病毒共处理组。试验期间,对照组大鼠自由饮用纯净水,病毒处理组大鼠于第1天以每只1.4×1011vg的剂量通过尾静脉注射相应病毒,4周后镉染毒组大鼠自由饮用镉水(50 mg·L-1),持续90 d。试验结束后,透射电镜观察大脑皮质中自噬体数量,Western blot检测大脑皮质细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(Erk1/2)、p-Erk1/2、自噬相关蛋白7(ATG7)、自噬相关基因(Beclin-1)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)蛋白表达水平,免疫荧光染色检测LC3表达水平。结果显示,镉暴露增加大脑皮质中自噬体数量,极显著激活Erk1/2并上调ATG7、Beclin-1、LC3蛋白表达水平(P<0.01);Fas基因沉默抑制镉引起的自噬体数量增加,极显著抑制镉致Erk1/2激活及ATG7、Beclin-1、LC3蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.01)。结果表明,Fas通过激活Erk1/2参与镉致大鼠大脑皮质自噬体形成。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(11):91-94
为了探讨α-硫辛酸(α-lipoic acid)对肝脏慢性镉中毒的保护作用,本研究将30只雌性SD大鼠随机分为3组,分别为对照组、镉组(50mg/L醋酸镉自由饮水及超纯水灌胃)、镉与α-硫辛酸共同处理组(50 mg/L醋酸镉自由饮水及α-硫辛酸灌胃50 mg/kg.体质量),试验12周后对大鼠采血做血液生化检查,采用光学显微镜观察各组大鼠肝脏的病理组织学变化,透射电镜观察肝组织细胞内超微结构变化。结果显示:镉组大鼠血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性均极显著高于对照组(P0.01),而α-硫辛酸干预后均明显降低,总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量显著或极显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01),α-硫辛酸与镉共同处理后均升高。镉组大鼠肝脏中央静脉周围脂肪变性,α-硫辛酸处理后肝细胞轻度的脂肪变性,镉组大鼠肝脏细胞器损伤明显,表现为细胞核浓缩,核内染色质分布不均匀,线粒体脊完全消失、模糊;而镉与α-硫辛酸共同处理组大鼠肝肾超微结构变化相对较轻。结果表明,α-硫辛酸能够缓解大鼠慢性镉中毒所引起的肝组织损伤。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(19)
为了探讨慢性饮水染镉对大鼠睾丸的损伤作用,试验将30只性成熟雄性SD大鼠随机等分为5组,分别饮用Cd(Cd Cl2)浓度为0,25,50,100,200 mg/L的饮水,染毒时间为56 d,定期记录各组大鼠的体质量变化,染毒结束后宰杀大鼠,观察睾丸组织的病理变化。结果表明:与对照组相比,各染毒组大鼠体质量均低于对照组,并且当镉浓度达50 mg/L时差异显著(P0.05),200 mg/L镉组睾丸质量极显著下降(P0.01);用光学显微镜观察睾丸,可见50 mg/L镉组睾丸曲细精管内出现精原细胞和各级精母细胞,精子细胞发生变性、坏死,并且随着镉的浓度升高,变性、坏死程度加重。透镜电镜下观察可见睾丸中生殖细胞随着镉浓度的升高,出现染色质浓缩,胞质中线粒体肿胀,嵴突消失。说明镉能够影响雄性大鼠的生长发育,造成睾丸的病理损伤。 相似文献
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60只雄性小鼠随机分为4组,每天分别腹腔注射0.2mL的0.9%生理盐水或7.5、15、30g/L CA,于14、21d测定曲细精管精子的生成及附睾内精子特性的相关数据。结果显示,随柠檬酸处理剂量的增加精子的生成数减少。14d时,对照组与15、30g/L CA组间、7.5、30g/L CA组间曲细精管内精子的生成差异显著（P〈0.05）;21d时,对照组与柠檬酸处理组间及7.5、15g/L CA与30g/L CA处理组间曲细精管内精子的生成有显著差异（P〈0.05）。柠檬酸对附睾精子品质的影响表现为：对照组与柠檬酸处理组间及柠檬酸处理组间精子密度和活动率差异均显著（P〈0.05）;对照组和15、30g/L CA处理组及15g/L CA与30g/L CA处理组间精子活力差异显著（P〈0.05）;精子的畸形率随柠檬酸浓度的增加而增加,15g/L CA处理组精子畸形率显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,30g/LCA处理组显著高于对照组和7.5g/L CA（P〈0.05）处理组。组织形态学观察结果表明柠檬酸能破坏睾丸正常组织形态结构。柠檬酸高剂量组的生精小管内生精细胞排列疏松、紊乱,生精细胞间出现空隙;生精小管中的生精细胞脱落或退化,精原细胞、精母细胞和精子数量明显减少。研究表明,外源柠檬酸雄性小鼠具有显著的生殖遗传毒性。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2019,(6)
为了探究枯草芽孢杆菌(B.S)对镉(Cd)暴露鲫鱼镉代谢及抗氧化的影响。配制不同剂量含镉培养板,对枯草芽孢杆菌最大耐镉浓度测定;将300条鲫鱼随机分成6组,分别为对照组(C0S0),B.S组(C0S1):10~8CFU/g B.S;低镉组(C1S0):0.5 mg/L Cd;B.S 1组(C1S1):10~8CFU/g B.S和0.5 mg/L Cd;高镉组(C2S1):1 mg/L Cd;B.S 2组(C2S1):10~8CFU/g B.S和1 mg/L,试验周期60 d,分别测定肾、肝、鳃、肌肉、肠组织Cd浓度,检测肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(GST)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)。结果显示,B.S的耐镉浓度在200 mg/L～300 mg/L之间;组织中Cd浓度:鳃肾肠肝肌肉;同剂量Cd组与B.S组对比,肝脏、肾、肠和鳃组织中镉含量显著降低(P0.05);肌肉组织镉浓度,C2S1与C2S1差异显著(P0.05);同剂量Cd组与B.S组对比,肝脏SOD活性显著升高(P0.05),GST显著降低(P0.05);C1S0与C1S1对比,肝脏GSH活性显著升高(P0.05),C1S1与C2S1对比,肝脏GSH活性差异不显著(P0.05)。表明枯草芽孢杆菌能够提高鲫鱼镉代谢和抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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Moon C Ahn M Kim S Yasuzumi F Shin T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(4):453-456
To elucidate the roles of both constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS), and inducible NOS (iNOS) in acute experimental testicular torsion, the expression of iNOS and constitutive eNOS and nNOS were studied in the rat testis with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Western blot analysis showed that all three isoforms of NOS increased significantly at 24-48 hr after I/R and declined slightly thereafter. After I/R, immunoreactivity for both iNOS and nNOS was detected, mainly in the interstitial space around damaged tubules, while germ cells in the damaged tubules were immunostained intensely for eNOS. We postulate that increased expression of the three NOS isoforms in the testis after I/R, which might generate nitric oxide, affects delayed germ cell death following I/R via paracrine or autocrine fashion. 相似文献
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Shixin F Li Z Chunhai L Chuang X Cheng X Zhe W Xiaobing L 《Research in veterinary science》2011,91(2):285-288
The objectives of this study were to investigate relationship of retained fetal membranes (RFM) to expression of NOS and NOS mRNA and to analyze pathohistological changes and the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in foetal placentas of cows with RFM. Twenty cows were assigned to two groups, a control group (no retained fetal membranes, NRFM, n = 10) and a diseased group (RFM, n = 10). The endpoint method was used to detect the nitric oxide (NO) content and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in foetal placental tissue fluid and the fluorescent quantitation PCR was used to measure the expression of NOS mRNA. Immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to observe pathohistological changes. Tissue from RFM cows showed fibronecrosis of the chorionic villi, and a decreased number of trophoblastic cells. The majority of trophoblastic cells displayed vacuolar degeneration. Interstitium vessels were distended and congested. Expression of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and iNOS mRNA was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the cytoplasm of placental villus trophoblastic cells in the RFM group. But expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein and eNOS mRNA was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the RFM group. The NO content and NOS activity of cows with RFM were significantly higher (P < 0.05). A high expression of iNOS protein and iNOS mRNA in the cow foetal placenta could produce high content of NO, which might inhibit uterine contraction. So over expression of iNOS protein and iNOS mRNA might be an important agent of retained fetal membranes in cows, and it may be a potential diagnosis biomarker. 相似文献
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Koh PO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(7):747-750
Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by three NO synthases (NOS), iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS. Production of NO by iNOS plays key roles in neurodegeneration, while eNOS is a protective enzyme. This study investigated the neuroprotective effect of melatonin and the levels of NOS isoforms induced by melatonin in ischemic brain injury. Adult male rats were treated with melatonin (5 mg/kg) or vehicle prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Brain samples were collected at 24 hr after the onset of occlusion. Results confirmed that melatonin significantly reduces infarct area. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the expression levels of iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS. The level of iNOS and nNOS increased in vehicle-treated animals, while melatonin prevented injury-induced increase of iNOS. In contrast to iNOS levels, eNOS levels decreased in vehicle-treated animals, while melatonin prevented the injury-induced decrease of eNOS. This study provides further evidence that melatonin exerts neuroprotective effects, and the regulation of NOS isoforms by melatonin may contribute to the neuroprotective effects. 相似文献
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本试验旨在探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）在镉（Cd）致去卵巢大鼠肺细胞凋亡和肺组织损伤的缓解作用。40只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术对照（Control）组、Cd组、NAC组和NAC+Cd组，每组10只。18个月后，取大鼠肺组织，镜检观察组织HE染色与Masson染色后的病理学变化，应用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测组织中Cd的含量，应用qRT-PCR法检测组织纤维化关键蛋白Col-I和Col-III mRNA水平，并应用Western blot检测凋亡关键蛋白（Bcl-2、Bax及cleaved caspase-3）及p53的表达与Akt磷酸化。结果显示，与Control组相比，Cd组肺组织中肺泡结构消失和纤维组织增生，Cd的含量极显著增加（P<0.01），Col-I和Col-III mRNA水平、Bax/Bcl-2比值、cleaved caspase-3与p53的表达极显著上调（P<0.01），Akt磷酸化受抑制。与Cd组相比，NAC+Cd组减轻了肺组织病理变化，显著（P<0.01）降低了肺组织中Cd的含量，下调了Col-I和Col-III mRNA水平和Bax/Bcl-2比值、cleaved caspase-3与p53的表达，提高了Akt磷酸化水平。综上表明，NAC对Cd致大鼠肺组织损伤和肺细胞凋亡具有较好的缓解作用。 相似文献
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Castro M Muñoz JM Arruebo MP Murillo MD Arnal C Bonafonte JI Plaza MA 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,192(3):352-358
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO) synthase isoforms (nNOS, eNOS, and iNOS) in the regulation of the migrating motor complex (MMC) in sheep using electromyography and their expression in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry. Intravenous administration of L-NAME or the nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) decreased the MMC interval. Myoelectric activity of intestinal phase II was increased, whereas antral activity was reduced. These effects were blocked by L-arginine. Inhibitors of either iNOS (aminoguanidine and S-methylisothiourea) or eNOS (L-NIO) were ineffective. The NO donor sodium nitroprusside decreased GI myoelectric activity, inhibited the MMC pattern, and prevented the effects induced by L-NAME and 7-NI in the intestine. Intracerebroventricular administration of these agents did not modify GI motility. In the rumen, abomasal antrum, duodenum, and jejunum, WB showed three bands at about 155, 145, and 135kDa corresponding to nNOS, and a 140-kDa band (eNOS); however iNOS was not detected. Positive nNOS immunostaining was observed in neurons of the myenteric and submucous plexus of all GI tissues, while eNOS was found in the endothelial cells, ruminal and intestinal epithelium, as well as in some enteric neurons and in endocrine-like cells of the duodenal Brunner's glands. In contrast, only weak iNOS immunoreactivity was found in ruminal epithelium. Taken together, our results suggest that NO, synthesized at a peripheral level by nNOS, is tonically inhibiting the MMC pattern and intestinal motility in sheep. 相似文献
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This study examined the expression of three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the testes of pigs. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of nNOS, eNOS and iNOS in interstitial cells, primary spermatocytes and spermatids. Positive immunoreactions for eNOS and iNOS were detected in peritubular myoid cells. Some vascular endothelial cells were positive for nNOS and eNOS. The expression of nitrotyrosine was detected in interstitial cells. In addition, the histochemical study revealed that all the interstitial cells were stained positively for NADPH-diaphorase, although some spermatids and vascular endothelial cells displayed moderate enzymatic activity. These findings suggest that three isoforms of NOS are expressed in the testis of pig and that they play important roles in the biology of interstitial cells that produce testosterone, as well as in spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的艾蒿水提物对肉仔鸡血清细胞因子含量及小肠诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(i NOS)mRNA表达量的影响。选取192只健康的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加500、1 000、2 000 mg/kg艾蒿水提物的试验饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,21日龄时,2 000 mg/kg添加组的血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和白细胞介素-4(IL-4)的含量显著升高(P0.05),500 mg/kg添加组的血清IL-4含量和1 000 mg/kg添加组的血清IL-2含量极显著升高(P0.01);42日龄时,500 mg/kg添加组的血清IL-2含量显著升高(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,21日龄时,500 mg/kg添加组的血清一氧化氮(NO)含量和i NOS活性及十二指肠、空肠和回肠的i NOS mRNA表达量差异不显著(P0.05),1 000 mg/kg添加组的血清NO含量和回肠i NOS mRNA表达量显著升高(P0.05),2 000 mg/kg添加组的回肠i NOS mRNA表达量极显著升高(P0.01);42日龄时,500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg添加组血清NO含量和i NOS活性及空肠i NOS mRNA表达量显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加艾蒿水提物可以促进肉仔鸡免疫细胞因子的分泌和NO的生成,且与i NOS mRNA的表达增强有关。 相似文献