共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
洛美沙星对实验性鸡葡萄球菌病的药效研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了探讨国内新近研制的氟喹诺酮类长半减期药物洛美沙星（Ｌｏｍｅｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ）对鸡葡萄球菌病的疗效进行了本研究。以试管２倍稀释法测定洛美沙星及对照药对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度，然后用洛美沙星、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星进行饮水给药５ｄ的疗效试验。结果表明，洛美沙星、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、红霉素对鸡金黄色葡萄球菌Ｃ５６０１１株的最小抑菌浓度分别为１．０、０．１２５、０．２５、１．０、３２ｍｇ／Ｌ。２５、５０、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星饮水给药对鸡葡萄球菌病的治愈率分别为６６．７％、８０％、７６．７％，有效率分别为９０％、９６．７％、９６．７％。５０ｍｇ／Ｌ环丙沙星、恩诺沙星的治愈率则分别为７６．７％、８０％，有效率分别为９３．３％、９６．７％。５０、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星及５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星３个饮水给药组鸡的增重显著高于感染对照组。 相似文献
2.
洛美沙星对实验性鸡葡萄球菌病的药效研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了给兽医临床推广应用国内新近研制的氟喹诺酮类长半减期药物洛美沙星（Ｌｏｍｅｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ），特别是用洛美沙星防治鸡葡萄球菌病提供依据，首先以试管２倍稀释法测定了洛美沙星及对照药对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度，然后观察了洛美沙星、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星饮水给药５ｄ对实验性鸡葡萄球菌病的疗效。结果，洛美沙星、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、红霉素对鸡金黄色葡萄球菌Ｃ５６０１１株的最小抑菌浓度分别为１．０、０．１２５、０．２５、１．０、３２ｍｇ／Ｌ。２５、５０、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星饮水给药对鸡葡萄球菌病的治愈率分别为６６．７％、８０．０％、７６．７％，有效率分别为９０．０％、９６．７％、９６．７％。５０ｍｇ／Ｌ环丙沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星的治愈率则分别为７６．７％、８０．０％，有效率分别为９３．３％、９６．７％。５０、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星及５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星３个饮水给药组的增重显著高于感染对照组。结果表明，洛美沙星饮水给药治疗鸡葡萄球菌病以５０ｍｇ／Ｌ的剂量为宜。 相似文献
3.
氟罗沙星对禽败血霉形体（Mycoplasma gallisepticum）病的药效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
体外抑菌试验测得氟罗沙星（Ｆｌｅｒｏｘａｃｉｎ）对禽败血霉形体（Ｍｙｃｏｐｌａｓｍａｇａｌｉｓｅｐｔｉｃｕｍ）的最小抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）为０．０１５ｍｇ／Ｌ。体内药效试验表明,氟罗沙星以２５、５０、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ饮水给药和以５、１０、１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ肌注给药（１次／ｄ）,连续用药５ｄ,对人工气囊接种禽败血霉形体培养液（０．２ｍＬ,约含１０８ｃｆｕ）的雏鸡,保护率均为１００％（３０／３０）,而感染不给药组雏鸡存活率为９３．３％（２８／３０）;相对增重率分别为９０．８％、９１．５％、９２．３％和９１．５％、９１．８％、９２．９％,显著高于感染不给药组（７３．２％）;气囊损伤分分别为２．９３、２．６２、０．９３和１．８、１．１、１．０,而感染不给药组为６．５７,差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）;血清玻板凝集试验阳性率分别为２０％（２／１０）、１０％（１／１０）、０（０／１０）和３０％（３／１０）、１０％（１／１０）、１０％（１／１０）,均极显著低于感染不给药组１００％（１０／１０）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。氟罗沙星不同给药途径及不同剂量间药效差异不显著。 相似文献
4.
氧氟沙星对霉形体与大肠杆菌合并感染鸡的药效学研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以试管两倍稀释法测得氧氟沙星及其对照药物恩诺沙星、洛美沙星和强力霉素对鸡败血霉形体的最小抑菌浓度分别为０．００６２５、０．０２５、０．４和０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ。５０、１００、２００ｍｇ／Ｌ氧氟沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星和１００ｍｇ／Ｌ强力霉素连续５ｄ饮水给药,对人工合并感染败血霉形体和大肠杆菌病鸡的治愈率分别是９３．３％、９６．７％、９６．７％、１００％、９６．７％和８３．３％,感 相似文献
5.
6.
氟甲砜霉素对实验性鸡巴氏杆菌病的药效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以两倍稀释法测定氟甲砜霉素及甲砜霉素对鸡巴氏杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为０．２５μｇ／ｍＬ和１．２５μｇ／ｍＬ。按１０,２０和３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的氟甲砜霉素及３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的甲砜霉素分别给实验性巴氏杆菌病患鸡肌注,每天给药一次,共５ｄ。药物对鸡巴氏杆菌病的治愈率分别为９３．３％,１００％,１００％和１００％,而感染对照组鸡全部死亡。用药组与感染对照组间疗效差异极显著 相似文献
7.
以试管两倍稀释法测定脱氧土霉素对鸡大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度，然后对人工诱发雏鸡大肠杆菌进行混饮或混料给药５天的治疗试验。结果表明，脱氧土霉素对鸡大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度为２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ；脱氧土霉素１００ｐｐｍ混饮和２００ｐｐｍ混饲对鸡大肠杆菌病的治愈率分别是９０．０％及９３．３％，而感染对照组的死亡率为６０．０％；用药组的增重效果显著高于感染对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。 相似文献
8.
以试管两部稀释法测定脱氧土霉素对鸡大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度，然后对人工诱发雏鸡大肠杆菌进行混饮或混料给药５天的治疗试验，结果表明：脱氧土霉素对鸡大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度为２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，脱氧土霉素１００ｐｐｍ，混饮和２００ｐｐｍ混饲对大肠杆菌病的治愈率分别为９０．０％及９３．３％，而感染对照组的死亡率为６０．０％，用药组的增重效果显著高于感染对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。 相似文献
9.
选育发育正常的１３ 周龄罗曼商品蛋鸡６００ 只， 随机分为３ 组， 每组２００ 只， 每组４ 个重复。７ 天预试期，其间调整各组鸡使组间体重差异不显著；正式期９８ 天。３ 组鸡日粮组成及营养水平和饲养条件相同，干粉料每天饲喂两次，自由采食及饮水。各组日粮钙水平随产蛋率的增加而增加。试Ⅰ组１４ ～１８ 周龄为２ ．０ ％ ，１８ 周龄～５ ％ 产蛋率为２ ．０ ％ ，５ ％ ～５０ ％ 产蛋率为３ ．４ ％ ，＞ ５０ ％ 产蛋率为３ ．４ ％ ； 试Ⅱ组四个阶段日粮钙水平分别为：０ ．９ ％ 、２ ．０ ％ 、３ ．４ ％ 及３ ．４ ％ ；对照组分别为０ ．９ ％ 、２ ．０ ％ 、２ ．０ ％ 及３ ．４ ％ 。试验期间每日观察鸡的精神状态、采食及粪便情况；每日按组别测定采食量、产蛋率等；每７ 天测一次蛋壳厚度及蛋重。结果表明：①试验期间两试验组鸡健康状况良好，对照组有２ 只鸡瘫痪。②产蛋率达５ ％ 的日龄三组间接近； 达５０ ％ 产蛋率的日龄对照组稍迟于两试验组； 达９０ ％ 产蛋率的日龄试Ⅰ组早于试Ⅱ组２ 天，早于对照组４ 天。③试验期间三组平均产蛋率分别为： ５２ ．４ ％ 、５６ ．３ ％ 及５４ ．７ ％ 、试Ⅰ组与试Ⅱ组差异显著，与对照组差异极显著，试Ⅱ组与对照组差异显著 相似文献
10.
本文报道以国内新近研制的畜禽专用氟喹诺酮类抗菌药──乙基环丙沙星（Ｅｎｒｏｆ－ｌｏｘａｃｉｎ），进行对实验性感染猪链球菌病及水肿病的药效学研究（２３０头猪）。试管两倍稀释法测得乙基环丙沙星对兰氏Ｃ群类马链球菌（Ｃ＿（５５１２０））和猪大肠杆菌（Ｏ＿（５４））的最小抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）分别是０．８及０．０５μｇ／ｍｌ。肌注给药对猪链球菌病和水肿病的实验性治疗结果表明，乙基环丙沙星低、中、高剂量组（分别为１．２５、２．５、１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）用药６０（每天２次）对猪链球病的治愈率分别是５０％、９５％及９５％，而链球菌感染对照组的死亡率为７０％；乙基环丙沙星低、中、高剂量组（分别为１．２５、２．５、１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）用药３ｄ（每隔１２ｈ给药一次）对猪水肿病的治愈率分别是８５％、９０％及９０％；而大肠杆菌感染对照组的死亡率为９０％。 相似文献
11.
12.
乌梅酸枣仁提取物对鸡人工感染传染性法氏囊病的疗效试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验旨在验证乌梅酸枣仁提取物对鸡传染性法氏囊病的预防和治疗效果。以鸡传染性法氏囊LX毒株感染未接种法氏囊疫苗的雏鸡,建立动物模型;以自拟乌梅酸枣仁提取物分高、中、低3个剂量组口服,以黄芪多糖为对照,评价其预防和治疗鸡传染性法氏囊病的疗效。结果表明：①人工感染鸡传染性法氏囊病毒后,预防试验中测试药物中剂量组、黄芪多糖组的相对增重率分别为81.85%和48.24%;成活率分别为87.5%和100%。统计分析结果表明,测试药物中剂量组的相对增重率显著高于黄芪多糖组（P<0.05）,两组成活率差异不显著（P>0.05）;中剂量组、黄芪多糖组的法氏囊指数分别为0.187和0.123,脾脏指数分别为0.361和0.286。中剂量组的免疫器官指数均明显高于黄芪多糖组,差异显著（P<0.05）。②治疗试验中,测试药物中剂量组、黄芪多糖组的相对增重率分别为29.55%和46.1%,成活率分别为100%和80%。中剂量组、黄 芪多糖组的法氏囊指数分别为0.22和0.25,脾脏指数分别为0.34和0.36。经过统计学分析,上述两试验组的各项指标差异均不显著（P>0.05）。由此可知,乌梅酸枣仁提取物以200 mg/kg体重口服,连续5 d能有效提高人工感染传染性法氏囊病鸡的成活率,且预防和治疗保护率均超过80%;测试药物通过提高鸡法氏囊、脾脏指数而发挥增强机体免疫功能抵抗病毒侵害的功效。 相似文献
13.
Geurden T Claerebout E Dursin L Deflandre A Bernay F Kaltsatos V Vercruysse J 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,135(3-4):241-247
A controlled and blinded study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a treatment with paromomycin sulphate against an experimental Giardia infection in calves. Animals were infected with 10(5)Giardia cysts of cattle origin and were either treated 11 days later with 25, 50 or 75 mg paromomycin/(kg body weight per day) during 5 consecutive days or not treated (control group). Efficacy was evaluated based on reduction in cyst excretion. Furthermore weight gain and diarrhea scores were monitored. In the group treated with 75 mg/kg per day there was a 100% reduction in cyst excretion until 9 days after the start of the treatment (D9) and a very high reduction (> or =98%) until D13. There was a high reduction (> or =93%) until D9 and D13 in the groups treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg, respectively. The cumulative cyst excretion on D13 was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the groups treated with 75 and 50 mg/kg compared to the control group. Although there was a trend towards higher weight gain and less diarrhea in the treated groups, differences between groups were not significant. No adverse reactions to the paromomycin treatment were recorded. Furthermore, the need for reliable parameters for evaluation of treatments against protozoal infections is emphasised. 相似文献
14.
Shola David Ola-Fadunsin Isaiah Oluwafemi Ademola 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(6):1423-1428
Avian coccidiosis is one of the most important diseases of poultry and it is responsible for a large number of all broiler mortalities worldwide. The control of this disease relies mainly on the use of anticoccidial drugs. However, herbal preparations could be an alternative for the treatment against coccidiosis in chickens. The direct effects of Moringa oleifera acetone extracts on broiler chickens naturally infected with mixed Eimeria species was investigated to determine the relative efficacy of the extracts against coccidiosis in birds. The investigations were carried out in seven groups (ten chickens per group). The birds were given various doses (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 g/kg body weight) of acetone extract of leaves of M. toltrazuril® (positive control) and untreated (negative control). The extract was evaluated for anticoccidial activity by means of inhibition of oocyst output in faeces, faecal score, weight gain and mortality. Haematological indices were evaluated by standard methods. The group treated with 1.0 g/ kg body weight Moringa oleifera extract produced the least inhibitory effect on oocyst shed in the faeces (96.4 %), while the groups treated with 2.0 g/kg, 3.0 g/kg, 4.0 g/kg and 5.0 g/kg body weight of the extract produced 97.4, 98.7, 99.1 and 99.8 %, respectively. Body weight gains of infected chickens treated with the extract significantly improved (p?<?0.05), and faecal scores were milder. Packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and red blood count of the treated birds were significantly (p?<?0.05) higher than those of the infected untreated group. Moringa oleifera leaves could find application in the treatment of avian coccidiosis in veterinary practice. 相似文献
15.
以人工诱发鸡毒支原体和大肠杆菌混合感染为模型,以酒石酸泰乐菌素为对照药物,评价了延胡索酸泰妙菌素的疗效.按每1 L水中分别加入312.5、468、625 mg延胡索酸泰妙菌素及500 mg酒石酸泰乐菌素的用量给病鸡饮水给药,连用5 d.试验表明,用药组的成活率、日增重、料肉比、气囊损伤度与感染对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01);延胡索酸泰妙菌素大剂量组日增重与小剂量组比较差异显著(P＜0.05),与其他各用药组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01),料肉比与其他各用药组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01);酒石酸泰乐菌素组的料肉比与延胡索酸泰妙菌素小剂量组比较差异不显著(P＞0.05);而与其他各组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01).数据分析表明,延胡索酸泰妙菌素大剂量组能有效地降低气囊损伤度,提高饲料转化率. 相似文献
16.
Two groups of meat‐type cockerels, 56 d of age, from the same hatch but of different mean live‐weights (1135 g ± SD 96.2 and 544 g ± 72.0) due to differences in earlier nutritional treatments were implanted with hexoestrol to determine the effects on food consumption, live‐weight gain, carcass gain, chemical composition of carcass and offal, and weight of some body components. Replicate groups were slaughtered prior to implantation and at the end of the 28‐d experimental period.
Implantation with a single 15 mg hexoestrol pellet resulted in the following significant differences compared with untreated controls: increases in food consumption, live‐weight gain, carcass weight and weight of offal of 21.5, 14.2, 8.2 and 16.6 per cent respectively; poorer food conversion, higher total fat in the carcass, offal and total body and, relative to body weight, heavier livers and lighter hearts, gizzards, legs and necks. The increased fat in treated chickens accounted for all the increased body weight and carcass weight.
In comparisons of small and large chickens there was no significant difference in live‐weight gain during the 28‐d experimental period. At both 56 and 84 d of age the dressing percentages were lower and the weights relative to body weight of offal, liver, shanks and gizzards were higher in small than in large chickens. Percentage moisture was significantly higher in the total bodies and carcasses of small chickens, while percentage fat was significantly lower in the carcasses of small chickens at both 56 and 84 d and in the total bodies and offals at 56 d. 相似文献
17.
Efficacy of difloxacin in calves experimentally infected with Mannheimia haemolytica 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of difloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone antibiotic, in calves experimentally infected with Mannheimia haemolytica (formerly Pasteurella haemolytica). ANIMALS: Seventy-two 3-month-old Holstein calves. PROCEDURES: Calves were inoculated with M haemolytica intratracheally; after they developed clinical signs of pneumonic pasteurellosis, they were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 groups (n = 12/group). Calves in each group were treated with 10% difloxacin (2.5 or 5 mg/kg of body weight), 5% difloxacin (2.5 or 5 mg/kg), enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg), or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control group), once daily for 5 days, and clinical signs were scored daily. On day 15, calves were euthanatized, and the percentage of diseased lung tissue was calculated. Swab specimens of the lungs were submitted for bacterial culture. RESULTS: Mortality rate and percentage of diseased lung tissue were significantly higher and cure rate and average daily gain were significantly lower for control calves, compared with calves in the treatment groups; however, no significant differences were found among treatment groups. Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated from the lungs of 10 control calves and from at least 2 calves in each of the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that difloxacin and enrofloxacin were equally effective for treatment of calves with experimentally induced pneumonic pasteurellosis. However, treatment of infected calves with difloxacin or enrofloxacin may not eliminate the organism. 相似文献
18.
文章旨在评估日粮用木薯粉替代玉米同时补充外源复合酶对肉鸡生长性能、组织器官重量及养分表观消化率的影响。试验选择平均初始体重（44.15±0.76）g的肉鸡576只,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复36只。试验日粮采用2×2因子设计,即2种原料（玉米和木薯）和酶添加量（0和100?mg/kg复合酶）,其中T1组和T2组分别饲喂玉米、木薯型日粮,T3和T4组分别在T1和T2基础日粮中添加100?mg/kg复合酶,试验为期3周。结果：玉米型日粮组肉鸡末重较木薯型日粮组显著提高6.65%（P＜0.05）,但料重比显著降低2.10%（P＜0.05）。无论日粮类型如何,添加复合酶较未添加组肉鸡料重比显著降低2.10%（P＜0.05）。日粮类型及复合酶对肉鸡平均日增重和料重比的影响具有显著交互作用（P＜0.05）。与T2组相比,T3组肉鸡脾脏相对重量显著提高50%（P＜0.05）。无论日粮是玉米型还是木薯型,补充100?mg/kg复合酶较未补充组淀粉表观消化系数显著提高5.59%（P＜0.05）。结论：在本研究条件下,日粮中添加50%木薯粉完全替代玉米同时补充100?mg/kg复合酶可以改善肉鸡饲料效率,提高淀粉表观消化率。
[关键词]木薯|复合酶|肉鸡|生长性能|养分消化 相似文献
19.
目的研究饮水中添加乳酸对三黄鸡的生长性能和抗病力的影响。方法选取1日龄三黄鸡5 000羽,随机分为5组,1 000只/组。在饮水中加入乳酸调节饮水pH值,使得A组、B组、C组和D组的饮水pH值分别为2.0、3.0、4.0和5.0,每天试验鸡饮用酸化水4 h,对照组为正常饮水组。测定各组试验鸡体重和采食量,并记录每日病死数,计算平均日增重、饲料转化率和病死率。结果①平均日增重：1~35日龄段,C组试验鸡的平均日增重提高最明显,提高3.33%。36日龄后,仅B组和对照组相同水平,其他组均降低。②采食量和饲料转化率：B组、C组与对照组相比差异显著（P<0.05）,A组、D组差异不显著（P>0.05）。③病死率：A组、B组、C组、D组比对照组病死率分别减少3.7%、4.2%、4.7%和2.1%。结论在三黄鸡的饲养试验中,乳酸调节饮水pH值为4.0时能有效提高饲料转化率,明显提高1~35日龄段三黄鸡的平均日增重,明显降低三黄鸡的病死率,对于肉鸡促进生长和抗病力具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献