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脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、营养素沉积率、血清生化指标和消化酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉(DBSFLM)替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、营养素沉积率、血清生化指标和消化酶活性的影响,本实验选用平均体质量为(1.67±0.01) g的黄颡鱼幼鱼480尾,随机分为4个处理组,分别投喂基础饲料(T0)和实验饲料[脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉分别替代鱼粉20%(T20)、40%(T40)和60%(T60)],每个处理组3个重复,每个重复40尾鱼,养殖8周。结果显示,随着DBSFLM替代量的增加,黄颡鱼生长呈先增加后降低的趋势;T20组的终末均重、增重率和特定生长率最高,且显著高于T60组;实验组T20和T60的摄食量显著高于对照组和T40组;实验组的腹脂指数、灰分和钙沉积率呈下降趋势,其中T60组的腹脂指数、T40和T60组的灰分和钙沉积率达到显著水平;与对照组T0相比,实验组的肥满度、脏体比、肝体比、肠体比和胃体比、蛋白质、脂肪和磷沉积率及黄颡鱼体蛋白、体脂肪和灰分均没有显著差异;血清胆固醇和甘油三脂显著降低,高密度/低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高,实验组T40的胃蛋白酶活性有增加趋势、肠道胰蛋白酶活性显著增加。研究表明,在本实验条件下,脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉替代鱼粉不影响黄颡鱼幼鱼的生长性能和体组成含量,并可降低腹脂指数、血清甘油三酯、胆固醇含量及灰分、钙的沉积率,还可增加蛋白酶活性,以20%替代比例生长最佳,且优于对照组。 相似文献
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选用初始体质量约2.02 g的黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)960尾,随机分为6组,分别投喂6种用蝇蛆粉替代饲料中0%、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%鱼粉配制的等氮(39.5%)等能(16.8 MJ/kg)饲料,分别记为G0、G20、G40、G60、G80和G100。养殖期为60 d。结果显示,黄颡鱼肌肉水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量受蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉水平的影响不显著(P>0.05),但G60～G100灰分含量与G0相比显著升高(P<0.05)。蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对肌肉pH、滴水损失(DL)、蒸煮损失(CL)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性影响不显著(P>0.05)。与G0相比,G20～G100肌肉胶原蛋白含量差异不显著(P>0.05),G40～G60肌肉丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与G0相比,G80肌肉精氨酸(Arg)、组氨酸(His)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、必需氨基酸(TEAA)含量显著高(P<0.05),各替代组总氨基酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组肌肉谷氨酸(Glu)、甘氨酸(Gly)、丙氨酸(Ala)、天冬氨酸(Asp)等风味氨基酸和总风味氨基酸(TFAA)含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。肌肉C14:0、C18:3n-3、DHA、EPA+DHA、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、n-3 PUFA含量和n-3/n-6比值随蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉水平的升高而降低,其中G60～G100显著低于G0(P<0.05);C16:1、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量随替代水平增加而升高,其中G60和G100显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,当蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉水平不超过40%时,除MDA含量显著降低外,蝇蛆粉对黄颡鱼肌肉常规成分、理化指标、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量影响不显著。 相似文献
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为研究大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)生长性能、体成分、消化酶活性和抗氧化功能的影响,以30%鱼粉组为对照组(A0),大豆小肽蛋白分别替代17%、33%和50%的鱼粉作为实验组(A17、A33和A50),配制4种等氮配合饲料。每组设置4个重复,每个重复饲喂30尾平均体重为(3.7±0.6) g的黄颡鱼幼鱼,进行为期80 d的饲养实验。结果显示,A17组生长性能与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),A33组除增重率(WGR)显著高于对照组外(P<0.05),其余指标均与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。A50组饵料系数(FCR)显著高于对照组和其他实验组(P<0.05),增重率、特定生长率(SGR)及蛋白质效率(PER)显著低于对照组和其他实验组(P<0.05)。各实验组肥满度(CF)和脏体比(VSI)与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼全鱼水分、灰分和粗蛋白含量无显著影响(P<0.05);然而,当大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉水平从33%升高至50%时,鱼体粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05)。各实验组肠脂肪酶和肠淀粉酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A33和A50组胃淀粉酶显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼肝胰脏丙二醛(MDA)活性无影响。综上所述,黄颡鱼配合饲料中鱼粉替代量小于33%时,黄颡鱼生长性能最佳,且对鱼体肝脏抗氧化功能无不利影响。本研究首次探究大豆小肽蛋白替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼生长等的影响,以期为黄颡鱼饲料配制和大豆小肽蛋白的使用等提供参考。 相似文献
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以酶解磷虾粉分别替代基础饲料中0(T0)、10％(T10)、20％(T20)、30％(T30)、40％(T40)、50％(T50)的鱼粉,配制6种等氮等能的饲料,研究饲料中酶解磷虾粉替代鱼粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成、血液生化指标、抗氧化性能及氟残留的影响.选取初始均重为(57.80±0.28)g的珍珠龙胆石斑幼鱼360尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,试验周期为56 d.结果显示,(1) T30组的增重率、特定生长率和摄食率均显著高于T0组(P＜0.05);在替代量大于20％时,饲料干物质表观消化率显著高于T0组()＜0.05);各替代组的饲料系数、肥满度、肝体比、蛋白质效率、蛋白质消化率与T0组无显著差异(P＞0.05).(2)各替代组全鱼和肌肉水分、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量与T0组无显著差异(P＞0.05);T30组肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著高于T0组(P＜0.05).(3)各组间血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白含量无显著差异(p0.05);T30组尿素氮含量显著低于T0组(P＜0.05);各替代组低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于T0组(P＜0.05).(4)酶解磷虾粉替代鱼粉显著升高了珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼血清和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及血清超氧化物歧化酶的活力(P＜0.05),同时,显著降低了血清和肝脏中丙二醛含量(P＜0.05).(5)各组肌肉氟含量均在可检测范围以下,各组间骨骼氟含量随着替代比例的升高而升高,各组差异显著(P＜0.05).研究表明,综合考虑生长性能、体成分、生化指标及抗氧化性能,酶解磷虾粉可替代珍珠龙胆石斑鱼饲料中40％以下的鱼粉,替代量为30％时效果最佳. 相似文献
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蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对罗非鱼生长、肌肉组成和肝脏非特异性免疫指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨以蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、肌肉组成和肝脏非特异性免疫指标的影响,将450尾初始体质量为(80.26±7.36)g的吉富罗非鱼随机分为6组,每组3个平行,进行了饲养对比试验。试验组分别用蝇蛆粉替代基础饲料中20 %、40 %、60 %、80 %和100 %的鱼粉,对照组投喂基础饲料,养殖周期60 d。试验结果,以蝇蛆粉替代鱼粉,各替代水平组试验鱼的终末体质量、增重率、特定生长率、肥满度、成活率、饲料系数、肌肉中粗蛋白、水分含量、肝脏丙二醛含量无显著差异(P＞0.05)。除20 %替代组外,其它各试验组鱼的肝体比、脏体比与对照组相比显著降低(P＜0.05)。随着蝇蛆粉替代水平的增加,罗非鱼肌肉中粗灰分、总磷的含量显著降低(P＜0.05)。替代水平不超过40 %时,各替代组试验鱼肌肉中粗脂肪、钙及肝脏超氧化歧化酶的含量无显著差异(P＞0.05);当替代水平不小于60 %时,试验鱼肌肉中粗脂肪、钙的含量显著降低(P＜0.05),但肝脏超氧化歧化酶含量显著升高(P＜0.05)。结果表明,在本试验条件下,以生长性能、肌肉成分和肝脏非特异性免疫作为评价指标,蝇蛆粉可完全替代罗非鱼饲料中的鱼粉。 相似文献
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日粮中鱼蛋白水解物对黄颡鱼生长、体成分和血清生理指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探讨鱼蛋白水解物对黄颡鱼生产性能的影响,以日本鳀粉为对照,以实用型黄颡鱼饲料配方模式为基础开展实验:1以30.5%鱼粉为对照(FM),在相同配方模式下,以6%鱼蛋白水解物(MPH6)替代20%的鱼粉;2以30.5%鱼粉为对照(FM),在无鱼粉日粮中分别添加3%(FPH3)、6%(FPH6)、12%(FPH12)鱼蛋白水解物;共设计5组等氮等能实验日粮,在池塘网箱中养殖黄颡鱼[初始体质量(30.08±0.35)g]60 d。结果显示:与FM相比,FPH12在SGR、FCR、PRR和FRR方面均无显著差异,而MPH6、FPH3、FPH6组SGR降低了15.45%~24.39%,FCR升高了32.14%~42.86%,MPH6、FPH6差异显著,在PRR和FRR方面,MPH6、FPH3、FPH6组PRR降低了21.11%~27.78%,MPH6组FRR降低了41.51%;全鱼水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分各组间差异不显著,FPH3、FPH6、FPH12肌肉多种游离氨基酸水平显著高于FM,其中Thr、Val、His与其在日粮中的水平显著相关;FPH6组HSI显著低于FM,鱼蛋白水解物对CP、VSI、肠体比的影响不显著;血清AST、ALT、HDL、LDL、TP、CHOL、TG无显著差异,FPH3组ALB显著低于FM。研究表明:黄颡鱼日粮中,12%鱼蛋白水解物(干物质)与30.5%鱼粉在生长速度、饲料效率、血清生理指标等方面具有一定的等效性;过高的植物蛋白日粮影响了黄颡鱼的生产性能;饲喂鱼蛋白水解物日粮使黄颡鱼肌肉游离氨基酸的含量升高,特别是呈味氨基酸的含量增加。 相似文献
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大豆浓缩蛋白对中华鲟幼鱼生长、血脂和体成分的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别用大豆浓缩蛋白(SPC)替代饲料中0(R0,对照组),15%(R15),30%(R30)和45%(R45)的鱼粉蛋白,配制成4组等氮等能饲料,喂养(58.00±2.69)g中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)幼鱼10周,每组设3个重复,研究SPC对中华鲟幼鱼生长性能、饲料利用率,以及血脂和体成分的影响。结果显示,随替代比例的增加,中华鲟幼鱼的增重率(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料效率(FE)和蛋白质效率(PER)逐渐降低,肥满度和肝体指数无显著性差异(P>0.05)。FE在R30组出现显著差异(P<0.05),WG、SGR和PER在R45组出现显著性差异(P<0.05)。随替代比例的增加,血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量无显著变化(P>0.05),胆固醇(CHOL)、甘油三脂(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量逐渐降低。CHOL、TG和LDL-C含量在R30组出现显著差异(P<0.05)。随替代比例的增加,肌肉和肝脏水分逐渐升高,脂肪逐渐降低,蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。R30和R45组的肌肉和肝脏水分含量显著高于R0组(P<0.05),脂肪含量显著低于R0组(P<0.05)。结果表明:在本试验条件下,综合考虑生长性能、饲料利用、血脂和体成分等指标,中华鲟幼鱼饲料中SPC替代鱼粉蛋白的比例可达30%。 相似文献
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脱脂黑水虻虫粉替代鱼粉对大黄鱼幼鱼生长、体成分、血清生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本实验旨在探讨脱脂黑水虻(Hermetia illucens)虫粉(DBSFLM)替代鱼粉(FM)对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼生长、体成分、血清生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响。实验设计6组等氮(粗蛋白45%)等脂(粗脂肪10%)饲料,用黑水虻脱脂虫粉分别替代饲料中0%、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%的鱼粉蛋白,分别记为G0、G20、G40、G60、G80和G100。选用2160尾平均体重为(50.08±3.31)g的大黄鱼幼鱼随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复120尾,在室内水泥池(2 m×1 m×1 m)进行为期7周的投喂实验。结果表明:(1) G100组大黄鱼幼鱼存活率显著低于其他实验组, G40组大黄鱼增重率(WGR)、蛋白质效率(PER)均显著高于其他组(P0.05);(2)大黄鱼肌肉粗蛋白含量随着DBSFLM替代FM水平的增加而下降,替代40%及以上鱼体粗蛋白含量显著降低(P0.05);肌肉的粗脂肪和粗灰分含量则随DBSFLM替代FM水平的增加而升高,其中替代60%及以上鱼体粗脂肪和粗灰分含量显著升高(P0.05);(3)随着替代水平的升高(40%),大黄鱼血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著上升(P0.05),甘油三酯(TG)和胆固醇(CHOL)水平显著下降(P0.05);(4)G20组大黄鱼肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及G40组实验鱼肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均为最高,G40组大黄鱼肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量最低。过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随着DBSFLM替代FM水平升高呈现下降趋势,替代40%及以上CAT活性显著下降(P0.05)。综上所述,在本实验条件下,脱脂黑水虻虫粉替代饲料中40%鱼粉蛋白对大黄鱼幼鱼的生长性能、体成分及健康状况无负面影响。 相似文献
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配制5种等氮、等能的饲料,D1组以全鱼粉作为蛋白源,D2、D3组分别用脱脂豆粕替代10%和20%鱼粉,D4组以啤酒酵母粉替代10%鱼粉,D5组以玉米蛋白粉替代10%鱼粉,投喂体质量30～38g的幼鱼5周,研究3种蛋白源替代饲料中的鱼粉蛋白对大规格军曹鱼幼鱼生长和体成分的影响。试验结果表明,各组存活率差异不显著(P0.05);D3组体质量、质量增加率、饲料转化率、蛋白质效率和特定生长率均显著低于D1组(P0.05),而其他各组无显著差异(P0.05)。D3组全鱼粗脂肪含量显著低于D1、D5组(P0.05),肌肉灰分含量则显著高于其他组(P0.05);其他各组全鱼和肌肉常规营养成分无显著差异(P0.05)。D3组肝体指数显著低于其他组(P0.05),各组的脏体指数、肝脏脂肪含量和肥满度均无显著差异(P0.05)。试验结果提示,3种蛋白均可替代饲料中10%的鱼粉蛋白而不产生显著影响,但替代比例达到20%,就可能对大规格幼鱼的生长、饲料利用、体成分和健康产生不良影响。 相似文献
11.
A 60‐day study was conducted to determine the response of juvenile bluegill Lepomis macrochirus to seven experimental diets, formulated using a blend of alternative protein sources as a replacement for fish meal. Adequate levels (digestible basis) of energy, protein and amino acids were maintained in diets 1–6, whereas slightly lower protein and energy levels were provided in diet 7. Feed cost per tonne ranged from $ 798.9 (diet 1, 550 g Kg?1 fish meal) to $ 515.8 (diet 6, 0 g kg?1 fish meal), or to $ 507.2 (diet 7, 0 g Kg?1 fish meal). Three commercial diets were included in the study as reference diets: a high‐energy and a low‐energy trout diet, as well as a catfish diet. Quintuplicate bluegill groups (~22 g, n = 10 fish group?1) were fed the experimental diets twice daily to apparent satiation. No major differences in feed consumption, feed efficiency and growth rates were detected among the bluegill groups fed the experimental diets. Trout diets generally produced higher fish fat deposition, whereas the catfish diet produced a poorer fish growth rate relative to the experimental diets. Under the reported conditions, results indicate diet 6, comprising predominantly soybean meal and porcine meat and bone meal, to be the most economical diet for juvenile bluegill. 相似文献
12.
试验研究了肉松粉、羽毛粉和肉骨粉替代鱼粉池塘养殖奥尼罗非鱼的效果研究。24 000尾(349±28.3)g奥尼罗非鱼分为4组,每组设计3个平行试验区域,每2 000尾饲养于2×667 m2左右的实验区域中。对照组和1、2、3试验组日粮分别以鱼粉、肉松粉、羽毛粉和肉骨粉设计蛋白质水平为28%左右,消化能为2 670～2 810 Kcal/kg。在水温(28.2±2.8)℃饲养60 d。试验结果:①奥尼罗非鱼的相对生长率,食物转化率肉松粉组鱼粉组肉骨粉组羽毛粉组,差异显著(P0.05)。由于单位鱼成本不同,肉松粉组养殖效益为对照组的132.46%,肉骨粉组为对照组的96.60%,羽毛粉组为对照组的80.51%。②奥尼罗非鱼体水分,灰分含量差异不显著(P0.05);蛋白质含量鱼粉组肉松粉组肉骨粉组羽毛粉组,鱼粉组显著性高于肉骨粉和羽毛粉组(P0.05);脂肪含量肉骨粉组羽毛粉组肉松粉组鱼粉组,前3组显著性高于鱼粉组(P0.05)。③奥尼罗非鱼肥满度,脏体比,肝体比无显著性差异(P0.05),仅肉骨粉组肠脂比及肝脂肪含量最高,羽毛粉组最低,显著性差异(P0.05)。在池塘养殖中,饲料中使用肉松粉替代鱼粉可明显降低成本,提高经济效益。在罗非鱼饲料中使用部分肉骨粉和羽毛粉是安全的。 相似文献
13.
通过8周网箱实验评价了利用豆粕、菜粕和棉粕替代苏氏圆腹鲑饲料中鱼粉的潜力.配制了7种等氮、等能饲料,其中对照饲料含45%鱼粉,在其余6种饲料中按等量蛋白替代原则分别添加31%或46%豆粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的50%或75%,添加20%或40%菜粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%或50%,添加19%或39%棉粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%或50%.实验中所用苏氏圆腹鲑初始体重为11.3 g.实验结果表明:添加豆粕将饲料鱼粉含量从45%降低到23%,添加菜粕或棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到34%,对鱼成活率、摄食、鱼体增重、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料系数(FCR)、饲料蛋白储积率、脏体指数和红血细胞比积(Hct)未产生显著不良影响.添加豆粕将鱼粉含量降低到11%导致鱼摄食、鱼体增重和SGR下降,添加菜粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致FCR升高和鱼体能量储积率下降,添加棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致鱼体增重、SGR和Hct下降.上述结果显示可通过添加豆粕将苏氏圆腹鲑鱼种饲料鱼粉含量降低到23%,或通过添加菜粕和棉粕将饲料鱼粉含量降低到34%. 相似文献
14.
摘要：通过8周网箱实验评价了利用豆粕、菜粕和棉粕作为苏氏圆腹鱼芒 （Pangasius sutchi）饲料中鱼粉替代蛋白源的潜力。配制了7种等氮、等能饲料,其中基础饲料含45%鱼粉,按等量蛋白替代的原则,在其余6种饲料中分别添加31%和46%豆粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的50%和75%,或添加20%和40%菜粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%和50%,或添加19%和39%棉粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%和50%。实验中所用的苏氏圆腹鱼芒初始体重为11.3 g。实验结果表明：添加豆粕将饲料中鱼粉含量从45%降低到23%,添加菜粕或棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到34%,对鱼成活率、摄食、鱼体增重、特定生长率（SGR）、饲料系数（FCR）、饲料蛋白储积率、脏体指数和红血细胞比积（Hct）未产生显著不良影响。添加豆粕将鱼粉含量降低到11%导致鱼摄食、鱼体增重和SGR下降,添加菜粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致FCR和鱼体能量储积率下降,添加棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致鱼体增重、SGR和Hct明显下降。上述结果显示,可通过添加豆粕（31%）将苏氏圆腹鱼芒 鱼种饲料中鱼粉含量降低到23%,或通过添加菜粕（20%）和棉粕（19%）将饲料中鱼粉含量降低到34%。 相似文献
15.
通过10周网箱养殖实验,评价了不同饲料蛋白水平下点带石斑鱼对1种鸡肉粉、羽毛粉和血粉混合物的利用能力。采用2×4实验设计,设2个饲料蛋白水平(490 g/kg和530 g/kg粗蛋白),每个饲料蛋白水平下设4个鱼粉水平,其中1组饲料中加入500 g/kg鱼粉(对照),另外3组饲料中分别加入139、278、416 g/kg的鸡肉粉、羽毛粉和血粉混合物(鸡肉粉∶羽毛粉∶血粉=65∶20∶15)替代对照饲料中30%、60%、90%的鱼粉。实验鱼初始体重为(33.4±0.1) g。实验期间,除恶劣天气外,每天分两次按饱食量投喂实验鱼。实验结果表明,饲料蛋白水平对摄食量、增重,饲料系数、氮储积效率、能量储积效率和鱼体组成无显著影响;饲料鱼粉含量显著影响增重,饲料系数、氮储积效率和能量储积效率,但对摄食量和鱼体组成无显著影响。在相同饲料蛋白水平下,特定生长率(SGR)随鱼粉含量降低而下降;当鱼粉含量相同时,摄食高蛋白饲料的鱼SGR略高于摄食低蛋白饲料的鱼。本实验结果显示,通过添加鸡肉粉、羽毛粉和血粉混合物可将点带石斑鱼饲料鱼粉含量降低到200 g/kg,在490~530 g/kg范围内提高饲料蛋白水平无助于降低点带石斑鱼饲料鱼粉含量。 相似文献
16.
Two experiments were done to evaluate the effects of poultry meal (PM), meat meal (MM) or solvent-extracted soybean meal (SBM)
inclusion on the performance of Australian snapper Pagrus auratus. In each experiment, test feeds were formulated with similar contents of digestible protein (DP) and digestible energy (DE)
using previously determined digestibility coefficients for this species. In experiment 1, groups of snapper (initial weight
14 g) were fed 4 feeds containing 360, 480, 610 or 730 g kg−1 PM; 3 feeds containing 345, 320 or 500 g kg−1 MM; 3 feeds containing 420, 600 or 780 g kg−1 SBM. In experiment 2, groups of snapper (initial weight 87 g) were fed 3 extruded test feeds that contained combinations
of PM, MM, SBM or blood meal (BM) which replaced all but 600, 250 or 160 g kg−1 of fishmeal in respective diet formulations. Both experiments included a proprietary extruded aquafeed (COM) to benchmark
fish performance. In experiment 1, weight gain was highest in snapper fed feeds containing 360, 345 or 420 g kg−1 of PM, MM or SBM, respectively, and was similar (P > 0.05) to snapper fed the COM feed. Nonetheless, weight gain and protein retention efficiency tended to decrease as the
amount of each test ingredient was increased. Relative feed intake was not affected by the inclusion level of PM, MM or BM,
but declined significantly in snapper fed diets containing 600 or 780 g kg−1 SBM. Feeding behaviour indicated fish found these feeds unpalatable. In experiment 2, the harvest weight of snapper fed the
3 extruded test feeds was similar (P > 0.05), but lower than snapper fed the COM feed (i.e. 234 vs. 256 g). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was best in snapper fed
the COM feed (FCR = 1.53); however, the FCR of snapper fed feeds containing 160 (FCR = 1.66), 250 (FCR = 1.70) or 600 g kg−1 fishmeal (FCR = 1.60) was not different (P > 0.05). Australian snapper will readily accept feeds containing high levels of PM, MM or SBM and feeds containing these ingredients
will support rapid weight and protein gain with little affect on whole body composition. In combination, these feed ingredients
were able to replace all but 160 g kg−1 of fishmeal in an extruded test feed. As such, they serve as valuable alternatives to fishmeal and extend the manufacturing
options available to aquafeed producers. 相似文献
17.
A 6‐week feeding trial was carried out in glass tanks to determine the effects of partial replacement of fish meal (FM) with a combination of meat and bone meal (MBM), poultry by‐product meal (PBM), blood meal (BM) and corn gluten meal (CGM) in practical diets on the growth, nutrient digestibility and body composition of Pacific white shrimp. Six practical diets were formulated, containing two levels of crude protein (CP) (330 and 380 g kg?1) and similar crude lipid (CL) levels. For the 330 g kg?1 dietary protein level, 0, 357 and 714 g kg?1 FM were replaced by the mixture in Diets 1–3, respectively; while 0, 514 and 784 g kg?1 FM were replaced in Diets 4–6, respectively, for 380 g kg?1 dietary protein level. White shrimp‐fed diets containing 330 g kg?1 CP had significantly lower weight gain compared with white shrimp fed diets containing 380 g kg?1 CP. Increasing the mixture and dietary protein level significantly raised the body ash content of white shrimp. White shrimp fed a low‐protein diet obtained better nutrient digestibility compared with those fed a high‐protein diet. 相似文献
18.
Yi‐Rong Yue Yong‐Jian Liu Li‐Xia Tian Lian Gan Hui‐Jun Yang Gui‐Ying Liang 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(11):1687-1696
An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with soybean meal (SBM) and peanut meal (PM) on growth, feed utilization, body composition and haemolymph indexes of juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone. Five diets were formulated: a control diet (FM30) containing 30% fish meal and four other diets (FM20, FM15, FM10 and FM5) in which protein from fish meal was substituted by protein from SBM and PM. The dietary amino acids of diets FM20, FM15, FM10 and FM5 were equal to those of the diet FM30 by adding crystalline amino acids (lysine and methionine). Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 shrimps (initial weight = 0.48 g), each three times daily. The results indicated that shrimp fed the diets FM15, FM10 and FM5 had poor growth performance and feed utilization compared with shrimp fed the control diet. No difference was observed in feed intake, survival and body composition among dietary treatments. The plasma total cholesterol level of shrimp and the digestibility of dry matter, protein and energy contained in the diets decreased significantly with increasing PM and SBM inclusion levels. Results of this study suggested that fish meal can be reduced from 300 to 200 g kg?1 when replaced by a mixture of SBM and PM. 相似文献
19.
The present work was performed to assess whether soybean meal (SBM) could replace fish meal (FM) as a source of dietary protein in diets of the marine herbivore Siganus rivulatus. Five iso-nitrogenous (40% protein) and iso-energetic (14 MJ/Kg) diets were prepared with SBM replacing fish meal at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% dietary protein. A 60-day feeding trial was conducted with 240 juvenile S. rivulatus (initial body mass 1.74 ± 0.03 g). Survival, growth, feed, and protein efficiency and hematological parameters were assessed. Growth correlated negatively with increase in dietary SBM. All production parameters measured were negatively affected at all levels of SBM inclusion. There were no effects on total or differential blood counts, hemoglobin, or plasma protein, but hematocrit values were negatively correlated with SBM addition. Results suggest that total replacement of FM by SBM without adding other supplements is not recommended, even for an herbivorous marine fish such as S. rivulatus. 相似文献
20.
A. Suloma O. M. El-Husseiny M. I. Hassane R. S. Mabroke E. R. El-Haroun 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(4):1377-1390
The purpose of this study was to evaluate hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) or soybean meal (SBM) in Nile tilapia fry diets. Triplicate groups of fish (initial body weight 2.30 g ± 0.01) were fed seven isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets formulated to contain 30 % crude protein and 19.70 kJ g?1 gross energy for 8 weeks. The control diet (CD) contained 22 % local FM and 30 % SBM, whereas in the other six diets, HFM replaced 33, 66 or 100 % of FM or SBM. The best weight gain (11.46), specific growth rate (3.14) and feed conversion ratio (1.24) of tilapia fry fed SBM33%, CD, FM33% and SBM66% diets were exhibited. Final body weight and protein retention increased in a linear pattern with increasing amino acids in the experimental diets with the exception of leucine and valine. The results indicated that good-quality HFM can successfully replace FM or SBM by up to 33 and 66 %, respectively, in Nile tilapia fry diets without compromising growth and protein utilization. The results also support the benefits of combining different sources of plant and animal proteins in Nile tilapia diets. 相似文献