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1.
In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on lipid peroxidation and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) levels in the hippocampus of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and lean control rats (ZLC) during the onset of diabetes. At 7 weeks of age, ZLC and ZDF rats were either placed on a stationary treadmill or made to run for 1 h/day for 5 consecutive days at 16~22 m/min for 5 weeks. At 12 weeks of age, the ZDF rats had significantly higher blood glucose levels and body weight than the ZLC rats. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the hippocampus of the ZDF rats were significantly higher than those of the ZLC rats whereas SOD1 levels in the hippocampus of the ZDF rats were moderately decreased. Notably, treadmill exercise prevented the increase of blood glucose levels in ZDF rats. In addition, treadmill exercise significantly ameliorated changes in MDA and SOD1 levels in the hippocampus although SOD activity was not altered. These findings suggest that diabetes increases lipid peroxidation and decreases SOD1 levels, and treadmill exercise can mitigate diabetes-induced oxidative damage in the hippocampus.  相似文献   

2.
Various lines of evidence suggest that appetite‐related neuropeptides in the hypothalamus are regulated by adiposity signals such as leptin and insulin in mammals. In the present study, we examined age‐dependent changes in the weight of abdominal fat and hypothalamic mRNA levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY, an orexigenic neuropeptide) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC, a precursor of anorexigenic neuropeptides) in growing chickens at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of age. Hypothalamic NPY mRNA levels were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased after 14 days of age, whereas hypothalamic POMC mRNA levels were significantly (P < 0.05) increased at 28 days of age. The percentage of abdominal fat was significantly increased after 14 days of age in chickens. We next examined the correlation of hypothalamic NPY and POMC mRNA levels and several parameters at 28 days of age. There were no significant correlations between hypothalamic mRNA levels of NPY or POMC and the percentage of abdominal fat. These findings suggest that the gene expressions of NPY and POMC do not depend on adiposity in chickens, at least in 28‐day‐old layer chickens.  相似文献   

3.
Genetically lean and obese swine were used to investigate the control of preadipocyte growth in culture by porcine serum. Sera were collected from fetuses from obese and lean strains at 70, 90 and 110 d of gestation. Postnatal serum samples were collected from both lines of pigs at 23 to 27 kg. Rat preadipocytes were isolated and grown in culture. Preadipocyte and stromal-vascular cell proliferation was greater in cultures grown in sera obtained postnatally than in cultures grown in sera from fetuses. Sera from lean and obese fetuses were equipotent in promoting cell proliferation. Glycerol-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity was higher in cultures fed serum from obese pigs and fetuses than in cultures fed serum from lean pigs and fetuses. Cultures grown in serum from obese fetuses and pigs had soluble protein levels similar to cultures grown with serum from lean pigs and fetuses. These results demonstrate that serum from genetically obese swine, in the pre-obese (fetal) and obese (postnatal) state, caused increased adipogenic activity in adipocytes in culture.  相似文献   

4.
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether obese cats, compared with lean cats, have alterations in lipoprotein metabolism that might lead to a decrease in glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. ANIMALS: 10 lean and 10 obese adults cats (5 neutered males and 5 neutered females each). PROCEDURE: Intravenous glucose tolerance tests with measurements of serum glucose, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were performed. Lipoprotein fractions were examined in serum by isopycnic density gradient ultracentrifugation. RESULTS: Obese cats had insulin resistance. Plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were significantly increased in obese cats, compared with lean cats. Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentrations were increased in obese cats, compared with lean cats; however, the composition of various fractions remained unchanged between obese and lean cats, indicating greater synthesis and catabolism of VLDL in obese cats. Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations were increased in obese cats, compared with lean cats. Serum NEFA concentrations were only significantly different between obese and lean cats when separated by sex; obese male cats had higher baseline serum NEFA concentrations and greater NEFA suppression in response to insulin, compared with lean male cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Lipid metabolism changes in obese cats, compared with lean cats. The increase in VLDL turnover in obese cats might contribute to insulin resistance of glucose metabolism, whereas the increase in serum HDL cholesterol concentration might reflect a protective effect against atherosclerosis in obese cats.  相似文献   

5.
Simultaneous application of the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC) and indirect calorimetry was used to examine heat production, fat, and glucose metabolism in lean and obese adult neutered male and female cats. The results show that in lean insulin-sensitive cats glucose oxidation predominated during fasting, whereas lipid oxidation became more prominent in obese cats. Insulin infusion during the EHC in lean cats and obese male cats led to a large increase in glucose oxidation, glycogenesis, and lipogenesis. It also led to an increase in glucose oxidation and glycogenesis in obese female cats but it was significantly less compared to lean cats and obese males. This indicates that obese females show greater metabolic inflexibility. In obese cats of either gender, insulin caused greater suppression of non-esterified fatty acids compared to lean cats suggesting that obese cats show greater fatty acid clearance than lean cats. The heat production per metabolic size was lower in obese cats than lean cats. This would perpetuate obesity unless food intake is decreased. The higher glucose oxidation rate in obese neutered male cats suggests that they are able to replete their glycogen and lipid stores at a faster rate than females in response to insulin and it implies that they gain weight more rapidly. Further studies are needed to investigate if the different response to insulin of male cats is involved in their higher risk to develop diabetes.  相似文献   

6.
The development of sucking pressure was investigated with an artificial nipple in 16 male and female rat pups on postnatal days 4, 7, 10, 14, and 18. The rat pups refused to suck on the artificial nipple on postnatal day 14 or day 18 thus negative sucking pressure had to be calculated by regression analysis. As a result, the mean maximum intra-oral negative sucking pressure on day 18 was calculated to be -160.1 mmHg in the male and -103.4 mmHg in the female. Based on these results, the maximum level of negative pressure of the automated experimental rat milker was set at -160 mmHg. The automated experimental milker for rat is able to collect milk from lactating mothers by alternating negative and atmospheric pressures through two solenoid valves and a vacuum pump attached to a microcomputer. Mother rats were milked with the automated experimental milker on postpartum days 4, 7, 10, 14 and 18 of a single lactation period. The maximum mean milk yield with this machine was 3.18 +/- 1.37 g, obtained on day 14 of the lactation period. This quantity is considerably lower than previously reported values obtained by measuring differences in body weight of the offspring and mother rat before and after suckling. It is necessary to further optimize this system, but the milk yield in the present study is adequate for chemical analysis.  相似文献   

7.
The postnatal iron status of 20 trotter foals (7 female, 13 male) was studied by analyzing different parameters in blood drawn on the day of birth, and 14 +/- 2 and 28 +/- 2 days later. Hemoglobin hematocrit, plasma iron and transferrin saturation averaged 14.9 g/dl, 41.8%, 300 micrograms/dl and 59.4%, respectively, on the day of birth. These values were significantly reduced after 14 days, but had approached again the initial levels by day 28. There was a slight, statistically nonsignificant rise in the mean total iron-binding capacity over the four-week period. Iron status was not affecting by the sex of the foals. On the day of parturition, the mares had much lower levels of plasma iron and transferrin saturation than their foals. In the discussion, the importance of checking the iron status of each individual foal during the critical period of the first 14 days post partum is stressed.  相似文献   

8.
Twenty-one genetically lean, obese or contemporary slaughter weight castrated male pigs (6 mo old; seven of each genotype) were assigned to individual tether stalls and fed either a control diet (low fiber) or a diet containing 80% alfalfa meal (high fiber) at 1.50% of initial body weight for 71 d (1.75% for d 1 to 4). Apparent dry matter digestibility of the diets was estimated by determining acid insoluble ash in fecal samples. Fecal cellulolytic bacteria and total viable bacteria were enumerated at d 0, 14, 35, 49 and 70. Fecal inocula were used to determine 48-h in vitro digestibility of alfalfa meal fractions on the same days. Digesta rate of passage was determined by feeding a pulse dose of chromium-mordanted alfalfa fiber to the pigs fed the high-fiber diet. In vivo digestibility of both diets was less for the obese pigs than for the lean or contemporary genotypes. In vitro digestibility of alfalfa fiber fractions was not different between the genotypes fed either diet. When the high-fiber diet was fed, in vitro digestibility increased for all genotypes from d 0 to d 14, but not thereafter. The numbers of cellulolytic bacteria for all three genotypes were greater when pigs were fed the high-fiber diet (23.0 X 10(8), 51.6 X 10(8), 37.2 X 10(8) per gram fecal dry weight; obese, lean and contemporary, respectively) compared to the low-fiber diet (3.0 X 10(8), 3.2 X 10(8), 3.4 X 10(8), respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

9.
In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic aluminum (Al) exposure for 10 weeks on cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampus of type 2 diabetic rats. Six-week-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) and Zucker lean control (ZLC) rats were selected and randomly divided into Al- and non-Al-groups. Al was administered via drinking water for 10 weeks, after which the animals were sacrificed at 16 weeks of age. ZDF rats in both Al- and non-Al-groups showed increases in body weight and blood glucose levels compared to ZLC rats. Al exposure did not significantly affect body weight, blood glucose levels or pancreatic β-cells and morphology of the pancreas in either ZLC or ZDF rats. However, exposure to Al reduced cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in both ZLC and ZDF rats. Exposure to Al resulted in poor development of the dendritic processes of neuroblasts in both ZLC and ZDF rats. Furthermore, onset and continuation of diabetes reduced cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation, and Al exposure amplified reduction of these parameters. These results suggest that Al exposure via drinking water aggravates the impairment in hippocampal neurogenesis that is typically observed in type 2 diabetic animals.  相似文献   

10.
In this study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on calretinin (CR), a marker of early postmitotic neurons, immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus (DG) of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, before or after diabetes onset, and Zucker lean control (ZLC) rats. For this study, 6-week-old ZLC and prediabetic ZDF rats, and 22-week-old ZLC and ZDF rats were exercised on the treadmill. Sedentary ZLC and ZDF rats of the same age were used as exercise experiment controls. The exercised prediabetic ZDF rats did not show diabetes onset, while the sedentary prediabetic ZDF rats showed significantly increased blood glucose levels. The exercised diabetic ZDF rats exhibited a decrease in their blood glucose levels compared to the sedentary diabetic ZDF rats, but the levels were still above 20 mmol/l. ZLC rats of both ages were in the normoglycemic range. CR immunoreactivity was detected throughout the DG, including the subgranular zone and the polymorphic layer. Diabetic rats exhibited a significant decrease in the number of CR-immunoreactive cells and fibers in the DG. Exercise in the prediabetic ZDF rats significantly increased the number of CR-immunoreactive cells and fibers in the subgranular zone of the DG. In the ZLC and ZDF rats of chronic diabetic phase, exercise increased CR-immunoreactive neurons in the hilar region. These results suggest that diabetes significantly reduces the number of postmitotic CR-immunoreactive neurons and the intensity of immunoreactivity and that exercise increases these CR-related parameters in a diabetic stage-dependent manner.  相似文献   

11.
Although one study showed lower adiponectin concentrations in obese dogs, other recent studies indicate that adiponectin might not be decreased in obese dogs, raising the possibility that the physiology of adiponectin is different in dogs than in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate possible causes of the discrepancy between the two largest studies to date that assessed the association between adiposity and adiponectin concentration in dogs, including the validity of the assay, laboratory error, and the effects of breed, sex, and neuter status on the relationship between adiposity and adiponectin concentrations. Adiponectin concentrations measured with a previously validated adiponectin ELISA were compared with those estimated by Western blotting analysis of reduced and denatured plasma samples. The possibility of laboratory error and the effect of EDTA anticoagulant and aprotinin were tested. Adiponectin concentration was measured by ELISA in 20 lean dogs (10 male and 10 female, 5 neutered in each sex). There was close correlation between adiponectin concentrations measured by ELISA and those estimated by Western blotting analysis (r = 0.90; P < 0.001). There was no substantial effect of EDTA, aprotinin, or laboratory error on the results. There was confounding by neuter status of the relationship between adiposity and adiponectin concentrations, but adiponectin concentrations were not significantly lower in male than in female lean dogs (females, 36 mg/L; males, 26 mg/L; P > 0.20) and were not significantly lower in intact than in neutered lean male dogs (intact, 28 mg/L; neutered, 23 mg/L; P = 0.49). We conclude that the adiponectin ELISA previously validated for use in dogs appears to be suitable for determination of canine adiponectin concentrations and that testosterone does not appear to have a strong effect on plasma adiponectin concentrations in dogs. Obesity might decrease adiponectin concentrations in intact but not in neutered dogs.  相似文献   

12.
Fatty acids and their derivatives play a role in the response to ocular disease. Our current study investigated the effects of dietary mead acid (MA, 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid) supplementation on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced cataract and retinal degeneration in Sprague-Dawley rats. Experiment 1 was designed to inhibit cataract formation, with the dams fed a 2.4% MA or basal (<0.01% MA) diet during lactational periods. On postnatal day 7, male pups received a single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 50 mg/kg MNU or vehicle. Lens opacity and morphology were examined 7 and 14 days after the MNU injection. Experiment 2 was designed to inhibit retinal degeneration and was performed with female postweaning rats. In this experiment, dams were fed the 2.4% MA or basal diet during the lactational periods. Thereafter, the female pups were continuously fed the same diets during their postweaning periods. On postnatal day 21 (at weaning), pups received a single ip injection of 50 mg/kg MNU. Retinal morphology was examined 7 days after the MNU injection. In experiment 3, six-week-old female rats were fed the 2.4% MA or basal diet starting at one week before the MNU injection and were then continuously fed the same diets until sacrifice. Rats at 7 weeks of age were given a single ip injection of 40 mg/kg MNU, and the retina was then examined morphologically one week after the MNU injection. In experiment 1, mature cataract was found in all of the MNU-treated groups, with or without MA supplementation. In experiments 2 and 3, atrophy of both the peripheral and central outer retina occurred in all rats exposed to MNU, with or without MA supplementation, respectively. The severities of the cataracts and retinal atrophy in the rats were similar regardless of MA supplementation. Dietary mead acid, which is used as a substitute in essential fatty acid deficiency in the body, does not modify MNU-induced cataract and retinal degeneration in rat models.  相似文献   

13.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dietary fatty acids affect indicators of insulin sensitivity, plasma insulin and lipid concentrations, and lipid accumulation in muscle cells in lean and obese cats. ANIMALS: 28 neutered adult cats. PROCEDURE: IV glucose tolerance tests and magnetic resonance imaging were performed before (lean phase) and after 21 weeks of ad libitum intake of either a diet high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (3-PUFAs; n = 14) or high in saturated fatty acids (SFAs; 14). RESULTS: Compared with the lean phase, ad libitum food intake resulted in increased weight, body mass index, girth, and percentage fat in both groups. Baseline plasma glucose or insulin concentrations and glucose area under the curve (AUC) were unaffected by diet. Insulin AUC values for obese and lean cats fed 3-PUFAs did not differ, but values were higher in obese cats fed SFAs, compared with values for lean cats fed SFAs and obese cats fed 3-PUFAs. Nineteen cats that became glucose intolerant when obese had altered insulin secretion and decreased glucose clearance when lean. Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were unaffected by diet. Ad libitum intake of either diet resulted in an increase in both intra- and extramyocellular lipid. Obese cats fed SFAs had higher glycosylated hemoglobin concentration than obese cats fed 3-PUFAs. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In obese cats, a diet high in 3-PUFAs appeared to improve long-term glucose control and decrease plasma insulin concentration. Obesity resulted in intra- and extramyocellular lipid accumulations (regardless of diet) that likely modulate insulin sensitivity.  相似文献   

14.
In the current study, we investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA) can inhibit pathological reductions in neurogenesis. Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats at 7 weeks of age were anesthetized with zoletil, and sham-acupuncture or EA at the Zusanli (ST36) and Baihui (GV20) acupoints was administered once a day for 5 weeks. In the ZDF group that received sham-EA (ZDF-Sham group), the blood glucose level was significantly increased together with age as compared to the control littermates [Zucker lean control (ZLC) rat]. In contrast, proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts were significantly decreased in the ZDF-Sham group compared to the ZLC group. Although EA treatment decreased blood glucose levels, this was not statistically significant when compared to blood glucose levels changes in the ZDF-Sham group. However, proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts were significantly increased with EA in ZDF rats as compared to those in the ZDF-Sham group. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were significantly decreased in hippocampal homogenates of ZDF-Sham group compared to those in the ZLC group. The EA treatment significantly increased the BDNF levels compared to those in the ZDF-Sham group, and BDNF levels in this group were similar to those in the ZLC group. These results suggest that EA at ST36 and GV20 can ameliorate the reductions in proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus induced by type-2 diabetes without significantly reducing blood glucose levels with increasing BDNF levels.  相似文献   

15.
CB-17 scid and BALB/c male mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with Neospora caninum to examine the possibility of its venereal transmission. Some of these mice were killed on days 7 and 20 post-inoculation to examine the genital organs for presence of the parasite. The remaining scid male mice were housed with non-infected female mice from day 7 p.i. and kept with them for 14 days. These scid mice died between days 28 and 35 p.i. N. caninum DNA was detected in the testis of mice on days 7 and 20 p.i. by PCR and tachyzoite viability was determined by bioassay conducted by means of mouse inoculation. Microscopically, fewer tachyzoites were detected in the testis obtained on day 20 p.i., than in other organs. The inoculated BALB/c male mice survived until the end of the experiment with no clinical signs and N. caninum DNA was detected in the testis on day 7 p.i. but not on day 14 p.i. Five of eight female scid mice housed with infected males became pregnant. Tachyzoites were detected in three of these mice and their neonates (n=3, 5 and 13, respectively). In three non-pregnant mice, no parasite was detected. Two of the four female BALB/c mice housed with infected male scid mice became pregnant but the parasite was not detected in them or in the neonates (n=3 and 13, respectively). These results indicate that the tachyzoites were present in the genital organs of the immunodeficient mice from day 7 p.i. and suggest that transmission may occur through mating with male mice.  相似文献   

16.
Serum lipoprotein concentrations, routine serum biochemical values, and morphologic changes of the liver were evaluated in cats undergoing weight loss. Food was withheld from 6 obese and 6 control cats for 3 days (days 0 to 2), followed by feeding 50% of previous food intake for 26 days (days 3 to 28). Percutaneous liver biopsy specimens were obtained from all cats on days 0, 7, 14, and 28. Blood samples for serum biochemical analysis and lipoprotein profiles were obtained on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28. All cats lost weight throughout the study, and none developed signs of clinical illness, including those of idiopathic hepatic lipidosis syndrome. Serum total cholesterol concentrations decreased initially in all cats, but rapidly returned to normal after day 3 in obese cats, suggesting altered cholesterol metabolism during dietary restriction. Low-density lipoprotein concentrations decreased throughout the study in control cats, but were unchanged in obese cats. Examination of liver biopsy specimens from each cat revealed minimal lipid accumulation in all specimens, although some specimens contained hydropic degeneration.  相似文献   

17.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of oral melatonin (MT) administration on serum concentrations of sex hormones, prolactin, and thyroxine in dogs. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 8 male and 8 female adult sexually intact dogs. PROCEDURE: 5 male and 5 female dogs were treated with MT (1.0 to 1.3 mg/kg [0.45 to 0.59 mg/lb] of body weight), PO, every 12 hours for 28 days; the other 6 dogs were used as controls. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 14, and 28, and serum concentrations of estradiol-17 beta, progesterone, testosterone, androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-HP), dihydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEAS), prolactin, and thyroxine were determined. On day 5, serum MT concentrations were measured before and periodically for up to 8 hours after MT administration in 4 treated dogs. RESULTS: Female dogs treated with MT had significant decreases in serum estradiol, testosterone, and DHEAS concentrations between days 0 and 28. Male dogs treated with MT had significant decreases in serum estradiol and 17-HP concentrations between days 0 and 28. Serum MT concentrations increased significantly after MT administration and remained high for at least 8 hours. Prolactin and thyroxine concentrations were unaffected by treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Melatonin is well absorbed following oral administration and may alter serum sex hormone concentrations.  相似文献   

18.
An ontogenetic study was designed on developing rats in uterus of mothers tryptophan deprived at day 1 (exp. 1) and day 14.5 (exp. 2) of conception to verify the supposed determining role of the serotoninergic system (SS) in sexual differentiation in mammals. Tryptophan-free feeding was pursued uninterruptedly in the litter after birth, during lactation and post-natal development. Tryptophan-free pregnant rats were obtained by exclusion of tryptophan sources from chow. In both exp. 1 and exp. 2, the litter showed at birth a significant physical under evolution that worsened, during post-natal development, to a much more marked dwarfism in exp. 1 pups. Growth hormone concentrations in both sexes of dwarf rats were lower than that in the control rats. At 30 days post-natal age, whereas exp. 1 female rats showed a right-timed onset of puberty, no descensus of testes could be observed in male rats of same experiment. Dwarf male rats showed an evident hypotrophy of the whole reproductive apparatus. In histological examination of testes, neither spermatogenesis nor Leydig cells have been observed. Moreover, dwarf female rats showed a pronounced hypotrophy of reproductive organs, but a normal puberal status pattern was evident. In exp. 2, litters showed a less pronounced dwarfism, but a normal right-timed onset of puberty in both male and female rats. Data indicate that role of tryptophan in physical and sexual maturation in both male and female rats is essential.  相似文献   

19.
Relationship of plasma lipid concentrations to fat deposition in pigs   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
The time course for changes in plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride concentration after removal of feed was established. Genetically obese and lean lines of pigs, two types of crossbred female pigs and a group of male pigs were used to establish the relationship between circulating free fatty acid or triglyceride concentrations and adiposity. Pigs were weighed, ultrasonically probed for backfat thickness, bled in a fed state and again in the fasted state. Plasma was analyzed for free fatty acid and triglyceride concentration. Fasting increased plasma free fatty acid, but only slightly increased triglyceride concentrations. There were several significant correlations between backfat thickness and plasma lipid concentrations; however, the low magnitude and inconsistency of these correlations precludes use of plasma lipid concentrations as indicators of adiposity in swine. Fasted obese pigs had lower plasma fatty acid concentrations than lean pigs at 2, 4 and 6 mo of age. If these plasma levels represent in vivo mobilization of fat, the results probably contrast with previously reported in vitro results wherein adipose tissue from obese pigs had lipolytic rates expressed on a cellular basis that were equal to or greater than those form lean pigs.  相似文献   

20.
To compare genetic differences in glycerolipid biosynthesis, rates were determined in s.c. adipose tissue of lean and obese pigs at 28, 60 and 110 d of age. To compare depot-specific differences, glycerolipid biosynthetic rates were determined in outer s.c., middle s.c., perirenal and omental adipose tissues obtained from 105-kg contemporary pigs. Rates were determined with a 700 x g infranatant fraction of an adipose tissue homogenate by measuring glycerophosphate incorporation into total lipids (mostly phosphatidic acid) during 4 min. This assay represents entrance of substrates into the glycerolipid synthesis pathway or glycerophosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) activity. Rates measured for 60 min represent maximal synthesis of glycerolipid (more triacylglycerol than phosphatidic acid) or lipid synthesis capacity (LSC). Adipocyte diameter and volume were greater for adipose tissue of obese than of lean pigs both at 60 and 110 d. When expressed per cell, activity of GPAT and LSC were similar for lean and obese pigs at 28 d. At 60 d and 110 d, LSC was greater for obese than for lean pigs; GPAT activity was greater at 60 but not at 110 d in obese than in lean pigs. Expressed on a cell basis, GPAT activity was highest in omental and outer s.c., intermediate in perirenal and lowest in middle s.c. adipose tissue depots. Lipid synthesis capacity was highest in perirenal and lowest in outer and middle s.c. depots. Our results indicate that the LSC assay was more closely related to the accretion of fat in vivo than to GPAT activity.  相似文献   

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