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南亚果实蝇对我国南瓜产业的潜在经济损失评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《植物检疫》2015,(3)
南亚果实蝇是我国进境植物检疫性害虫,严重危害南瓜等瓜类果蔬。本研究在收集、分析国内外相关资料的基础上,建立了南亚果实蝇对我国南瓜产业的潜在经济损失评估模型,并采用@RISK软件和随机模拟的方法,从直接经济损失、间接经济损失和防治费用3个方面进行了评估。评估结果显示,南亚果实蝇对我国南瓜产业的潜在经济损失总值在3 741.50~2 315 783.08万元之间。 相似文献
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几内亚比绍芒果遭受实蝇的严重危害,以入侵果实蝇为优势种。本文介绍了几内亚比绍的入侵果实蝇的发生危害特点及综合防治对策。 相似文献
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灌阳县梨园果实蝇监测与绿色防控技术初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过监测梨园果实蝇的发生情况,在梨园果实蝇数量显著增加时及时采取防治成虫的方法,能经济有效防控梨果实蝇的为害。对于早、中熟果实蝇为害较轻的品种可采用防控成本较低的诺农实蝇粘胶板、聪绿果实蝇饵剂进行防控。对于迟熟果实蝇为害较重的品种,可采用防效更好的果实套袋的方法进行防控。 相似文献
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The developmental biology of Mallada desjardinsi (Navas) and Chrysoperla congrua (Walker) on the American bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera and the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii was studied in the laboratory at 28–32°C. Total larva! periods of M. desjardinsi and C. congrua on H. armigera eggs were 14.4 and 14.8 days respectively. However, when reared on A. gossypii larval periods of M. desjardinsi and C. congrua were 14.9 and 13.5 days respectively. When reared on H. armigera 52.9% and 25% respectively of third instars of M. desjardinsis and C. congrua sp. died before pupation. However, when reared on A. gossypii 82.6% and 46.9% respectively of third instars of M. desjardinsi and C. congrua died before pupation. Thus, H. armigera eggs and A. gossypii nymphs were both adequate but not optimal diets for chrysopid larval development. The number of prey consumed by M. desjardinsi and C. congrua increased with instar. Total larval consumption of H. armigera by M. desjardinsi and C. congrua was determined to be 135.5 and 169.8 eggs respectively. However, total larval consumption of A. gossypii by M. desjardinsi and C. congrua was found to be 189.0 and 171.8 nymphs respectively. Because of its longer larval period, and higher consumption of A. gossypii, M. desjardinsi would be better suited for use against A. gossypii than C. congrua. In contrast, C. congrua whose consumption of H. armigera was higher than that of M. desjardinsi although their larval periods were similar, would appear promising for control of H. armigera. 相似文献
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为明确胡瓜新小绥螨Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci Gennadius的控害潜能,在（26±1）℃、相对湿度65%±5%、光周期16L：8D条件下,研究了各螨态胡瓜新小绥螨对不同发育阶段烟粉虱的捕食作用。结果表明,胡瓜新小绥螨幼螨期较短,不取食烟粉虱,其他不同螨态的胡瓜新小绥螨可捕食除4龄若虫和成虫以外的其他各虫态的烟粉虱,捕食功能反应符合HollingⅡ型;胡瓜新小绥螨雌成螨对烟粉虱卵的日捕食量最大（8.5粒/雌）,对烟粉虱3龄若虫的日捕食量最小（2.1头/雌）;雌成螨对烟粉虱卵具有较高的瞬间攻击率（0.038）和寻找效应（0.025）。研究表明,胡瓜新小绥螨对烟粉虱卵及低龄若虫的捕食能力较强,是烟粉虱发生初期的有效天敌。 相似文献
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The rates at which (E)- and (Z)-mevinphos are hydrolysed in aqueous solutions in the pH range 8.7–11.5, and in the temperature range 30–50°C, have been measured. The overall activation parameters have been calculated, and equations to allow calculation of the rates in any basic conditions are given. The complicated routes by which (E)- and (Z)-mevinphos are hydrolysed to simple molecules have been deduced. The rates for the individual steps in each route have been either measured experimentally, or have been calculated through analogue simulation of all the reactions, by matching the calculated to the observed ultraviolet spectral changes during hydrolysis. It is proposed that (Z)-2-carboxyl-1-methylvinyl dimethyl phosphate is not observed as a hydrolysis product of (Z)-mevinphos because it decomposes by an extremely fast intramolecular reaction. The reasons for the greater lability of (E)-mevinphos are also discussed. 相似文献
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Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera,Gelechiidae) in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Pheromone traps were placed in the market place in Banja Luka, and in greenhouses and open field tomato crops, on 13 September 2010 to determine the presence of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Banja Luka region. Based on examination of traps, the presence of T. absoluta was confirmed for the first time in the Republic of Srpska. Only mines of Liriomyza species were found by examining leaves under a stereomicroscope. In 2011, pheromone traps were placed in greenhouses at several locations (Banja Luka, Prijedor, Novi Grad, Kozarska Dubica, Ljubinje and Trebinje) at the beginning of June, and in open fields in Bijeljina and Trebinje at the beginning of September. Examination of the traps was carried out at intervals of 15 days. A sample of 100 leaves, taken from 20 randomly selected plants, was examined in order to evaluate the intensity of the attack. The first adults were caught in greenhouses in Ljubinje and Trebinje on 18 June 2011; in open field crops in Bijeljina on 9 September 2011 and in Banja Luka on 5 October 2011. Adults were not captured in Prijedor, Novi Grad or Kozarska Dubica, and no mined leaves were observed. The intensity of attack was evaluated on the basis of active infestation (percentage of leaves with active mines compared with all mined leaves). The strongest intensity of active infestation was recorded in the open field crops in Trebinje, where 19% of leaves with active mines were found. 相似文献
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Ir C. Mastenbroek 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1946,52(2):66-67
Summary During four years yellow rust was observed on cocksfoot. Telia did not occur in the field, but in the glasshouse they appeared. In the field only the minority of cocksfoot-plants was susceptible. Hibernation in the field was not observed, the yellow rust could only be stated in summer after May.In several inoculation-experiments it was found, that this origin of yellow rust was not pathogenic for several varieties of wheat, barley and rye. The type of infection was always i and 00-0.According to the experiments of Straib, this type of yellow rust might be identical to physiologie race 36. Otherwise it is a new physiologie race, till now not numbered. 相似文献
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