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纳米二氧化硅/脲醛树脂性能的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
探讨纳米SiO2 表面处理、加入方式、用量对纳米SiO2 脲醛树脂性能的影响。结果表明 :采用KH - 5 5 0硅烷偶联剂处理纳米SiO2 表面 ,用间歇式超声波震荡法将其加入脲醛树脂中 ,能有效改善树脂性能。当纳米SiO2 用量 <1 5 %时 ,用量越大 ,树脂的胶合强度越高 ,游离甲醛含量越低 ,粘度越大 ,固化时间不变。用纳米SiO2 (用量1% ) 脲醛树脂 (F U摩尔比 1 2 )压制胶合板、刨花板、中密度纤维板 ,板的各项性能指标都超过国家标准要求 ,甲醛释放量达到E1 级水平。同时 ,通过红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱初步探索了纳米SiO2 对脲醛树脂的增强机制 相似文献
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Chinese wood-based composite manufacturers are plagued with serious formaldehyde emission (F-emission) problems. In this study,
we investigated the use of an emulsifiable diphenylmethane-4, 4′-diisocyanate (MDI) — urea formaldehyde (UF) mixture adhesive
in particleboard manufacture, in order to decrease F-emission to below 9 mg per 100 g board. We paid close attention to the
effect of NH4Cl on MDI-UF curing and the method of adhesive application by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis and compared
mechanical properties. Both results showed that the acidic agent NH4Cl did hinder EMDI-UF curing and it also affected the adhesive application method. We are of the opinion that when EMDI and
UF are mixed first, without adding NH4Cl and then sprayed onto particles, mechanical properties will be improved and F-emissions will meet E1 grade requirements.
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Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(2) [译自: 林业科学, 2005, 41(2)] 相似文献
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In order to improve wood properties of triploid clones of Populus tomentosa, urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin was compounded with nano-SiO2, coupling agents and flame retardants in different ways to prepare five kinds of modifiers. The poplar wood samples were
impregnated with the modifiers and heated to prepare UF-SiO2-wood composites. The antiswelling efficiency, resistance of water absorption, oxygen index and hardness of the composites
were measured. Results show that all of the modifiers reduced water absorption of poplar wood and enhanced flame resistance
and hardness. Nano-SiO2 showed a marked effect in improving the hardness of wood. In addition, all of the modifiers, except UF-C-SiO2-polymer, improved the dimensional stability of poplar wood. The UF resin and nano-SiO2 compound improved general properties of poplar wood.
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Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2006, 28(2): 123–128 [译自: 北京林业大学学报] 相似文献
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固体核磁共振法对低甲醛释放脲醛树脂化学结构的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在采用液体核磁对3种低甲醛释放脲醛树脂化学构造进行分析的基础上,利用13CCP/MASNMR对脲醛树脂固化产物的化学结构进行了研究.结果表明,不同固化体系下,3种低甲醛释放脲醛树脂胶黏剂的固化历程不同,固化后树脂的结构有所差别.不添加固化剂时,脲醛树脂的固化交联反应程度低,固化产物中羟甲基含量高,甲醛释放量也随之增加.加入固化剂后,促进了羟甲基的固化交联反应,脲醛树脂固化产物中羟甲基含量普遍降低.3种固化体系下,UF-3羟甲基含量最高;在氯化铵为固化剂的条件下,UF-2羟甲基含量最低,为0.0582;不添加固化剂和复合固化体系条件下,UF-1羟甲基含量最低,分别为0.0784和0.0713.不同固化体系对不同种类脲醛树脂的固化效果不同,固化后树脂的结构不同,其力学性能和甲醛释放能力也不同. 相似文献
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引入高分子量、高支化度以及端基为尿素的高支化聚脲(HBPU)用于低摩尔比脲醛树脂(UF)改性,利用HBPU与游离甲醛的反应以及与UF组分的共缩聚反应实现树脂耐水性能的提升和人造板甲醛释放量的降低,有效平衡胶合性能和甲醛释放量之间的矛盾。在无溶剂、无催化剂条件下,通过尿素(U)与三(2-氨基乙基)胺(TAEA)的脱氨缩合反应,一步合成了具有尿素端基的HBPU,并对HBPU的分子量分布和结构进行了表征。使用HBPU水溶液,采用UF合成反应后期加入和共混2种方法对UF进行改性,通过胶合板性能测试以及甲醛释放量测定,考察了HBPU添加量和添加方式的影响。凝胶渗透色谱和碳-13核磁共振分析表明,通过本研究的合成方法可以获得具有高分子量、高支化度、尿素为端基且水溶性良好的HBPU,并且随着U与TAEA摩尔比的提高,更多尿素封端产物形成。电喷雾电离质谱对改性树脂的分析结果表明,HBPU不仅与UF中的一部分游离甲醛发生羟甲基化反应,同时与UF组分反应生成了部分共缩聚产物。胶合板性能测试结果表明,共混以及反应后期加入HBPU两种方式得到的改性树脂耐水性能均显著提升。同时,使用添加5%HBPU改性树脂制备的胶合板甲醛释放量较未改性树脂制备胶合板降低41%。HBPU改性同步实现胶合性能的提升和甲醛释放量降低的主要原因在于HBPU在提高树脂支化程度的同时,还起到捕捉游离甲醛的作用。解决UF胶合性能和人造板甲醛释放量之间矛盾的关键在于提升树脂的支化程度,同时降低树脂中游离甲醛的含量,而引入高分子量、高支化度、具有类似尿素反应活性的聚合物是同步实现胶合性能提升和甲醛释放量降低的有效途径。 相似文献
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用不脱水低摩尔脲醛树脂制造低游离甲醛刨花板与中密度纤维板 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验结果表明差示扫描量热仪 (DSC)能够测得NLFS - 1型捕捉剂与甲醛反应 ,并且这种捕捉剂能够捕捉脲醛树脂胶中的大部分游离甲醛 ,其捕捉量与树脂的摩尔比或游离甲醛量有关。对于低摩尔比 ,不脱水脲醛树脂刨花板和中密度纤维板 ,仅用 5 %捕捉剂就能获得较高的捕捉能力。这些板的游离甲醛释放量均能达到欧洲E1级或国标GB -T11718- 1999A级标准。刨花板后期热处理 ,对板的内结合强度提高明显 ,但板的甲醛释放量略有增加 相似文献
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以环保型动物角蛋白添加剂作为脲醛树脂胶改性剂,选用A、B 2种环保型动物角蛋白改性剂,试验其不同用量对脲醛树脂(UF)胶合板胶合强度、木破率、浸渍剥离性能、吸水厚度膨胀率的影响。研究结果表明,环保型动物角蛋白作为改性剂,能在一定程度上提高UF胶合板的胶合强度,但会降低UF胶合板的耐水性;添加量相同时,固体含量大的环保型动物角蛋白其对应的UF胶合板胶合强度较大;随着动物角蛋白添加量的逐步增加,UF胶合板甲醛释放量呈明显下降趋势,当添加量接近15%时,甲醛释放量接近E0级。 相似文献
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改善E1级胶合板用UF胶粘剂预压性能的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用氧化淀粉在树脂合成后期、API在调胶时加入分别对脲醛树脂进行改性，探讨改性UF对胶合板预压强度的影响。采用正交实验法对比改性后胶合板的预压性能和改性后胶合板的甲醛释放量的变化。结果表明：随着API量的加大，胶合板的预压性能得以提高；而氧化淀粉改性后则随着量的加大，一定范围内胶合板的预压性能得以提高，加入量继续加大后反而下降。 相似文献
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Upgrading of urea formaldehyde-bonded reed and wheat straw particleboards using silane coupling agents 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Guangping Han Changwu Zhang Dongmei Zhang Kenji Umemura Shuichi Kawai 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(4):282-286
Reed and wheat straw particleboards bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin were manufactured from two different material configurations (i.e., fine and coarse particles). The board densities were in the range of 0.550–.90g/cm3. The effects of particle size and board density on the board properties were examined. The properties of particleboard produced from fine particles were better than those made from coarse particles. An increase in board density resulted in a corresponding improvement in the board properties. The properties of OF bonded reed and wheat straw particleboards were relatively lower than those of commercial particleboards. Three silane coupling agents were used to improve the bondability between the reed and wheat particles and OF resin. Results of this study indicate that all the board properties were improved by the addition of silane coupling agent. The degree of improvement achieved from each coupling agent was different; epoxide silane was found to be more effective for reed straw particleboard, and amino silane was better for wheat straw particleboard. 相似文献
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脲醛树脂分子量分布与胶合性能关系的研究（续）：分次加尿素对脲醛树？… 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
主要探讨分次加尿素对脲醛树脂分子量分布及胶合性能的影响。研究结果表明：在脲醛树脂合成吕，分次加入尿素，不仅可起到降低胶中游离醛的作用，同时还可起到分子量的调解作用。尤其是加入第２次尿素时，对胶中大分子部分可起到降解重排、减少胶中醚键含量的作用，从而达到低毒的目的。加入第２次尿素时，可能会改变脲醛树脂的反应机理。 相似文献
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利用羧基丁苯胶乳对脲醛树脂胶粘剂进行改性,同时在脲醛树脂合成过程中加入一定数量的玉米淀粉等改性剂,进一步提高改性脲醛树脂的综合性能,降低生产成本。羧基丁苯胶乳改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂具有游离甲醛含量低、生产工艺简单等特点,生产出的胶合板的胶合强度和甲醛释放量均满足国家标准。 相似文献
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氧化淀粉改性粉状脲醛树脂胶初探 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
以H2O2为氧化剂制作氧化淀粉,并加入到脲醛树脂中,制备改性UF树脂.通过介绍改性UF制胶的机理、工艺及影响因素,及与常规脲醛树脂胶黏剂的性能对比,结果表明,改性UF树脂的胶合强度、耐水性、耐老化性均有明显提高,游离甲醛含量明显降低. 相似文献
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High formaldehyde emission and poor water resistance are two main disadvantages of urea formaldehyde (UF) resin. For that reason, a novel polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) type emulsion curing agent was developed in this paper. PVAc type emulsions, including PVAc, the co-polymer of PVAc and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide (PVAc–NMA), and the ternary co-polymer of PVAc, NMA, and urea (PVAc–NMA–urea), were the main components. Water, aluminum chloride, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, polypropylene glycol, silicone oil, and urea were the other components. Under heating, aluminum chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate often underwent thermal decomposition and hydrolysis in solution, produce free acid to cure UF resin, so the curing agent could enhance the curing rate, and then shorten the curing time. In this curing agent, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea worked as formaldehyde removers and reacted with free formaldehyde in UF resin, thus the formaldehyde emission exuded from the plywood could be effectively limited and reduced. The bonding strength of plywood was not improved very much, especially the dry bonding strength, but the wet bonding strength was little enhanced for the active hydroxymethyl group contained in PVAc–NMA and PVAc–NMA–urea underwent a self-cross-linking reaction to improve the bonding strength and adhesion force to the bonded substrate. More importantly, the results from the industrial production experiments were shown to be very good. 相似文献
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在碱性条件下用尿素和甲醛合成脲醛预缩液(UFC),然后用UFC与尿素制备脲醛树脂(UFC/U),并添加葡萄糖对UFC/U改性得到G/UFC/U树脂,采用DSC和FT-IR等对树脂进行分析。结果表明:与普通脲醛树脂(UF)相比,UFC/U树脂胶合强度提高5.83%,游离甲醛含量降低3.70%,G/UFC/U树脂贮存期大于30 d,综合性能较好,G1-25/UFC/U树脂游离甲醛含量降低44.44%,胶合板湿胶合强度为1.11 MPa,优于国家II类胶合板标准;DSC结果表明:UFC/U、G1-25/UFC/U比UF树脂的固化特征温度高;FT-IR分析表明:G1-25/UFC/U和UF树脂相比,羟基及亚甲基醚键的峰强度增强,改性树脂的羟甲基优先和葡萄糖分子C(6)的羟基发生反应生成亚甲基醚键。 相似文献
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低甲醛释放蔗渣中密度纤维板用脲醛树脂 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以脲醛树脂结构形成特征为基础,研制了一种甲醛释放量低、内结合强度高的适用于蔗渣中密度纤维板生产的脲醛树脂胶粘剂。使用结果表明,所压制的蔗渣中密度纤维板物理力学性能达到国家标准要求,甲醛释放量可控制在２０ｍｇ／１００ｇ左右。 相似文献
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This study investigated the liquefaction of bamboo in phenol, which involved the effects of weight ratios of phenol to bamboo,
amount of catalyst, temperature, etc. The study showed that liquefaction could be accomplished with a phenol to bamboo weight
ratio of 2–1: 1, a 5% catalyst of HCl or BF3, and a temperature of 115°C. Liquefied bamboo formaldehyde (BLF) resin adhesive for exterior use could be obtained with a
phenol to formaldehyde molar ratio of 1:1.6–2.0. The curing behavior of BLF resin adhesive, studied by TG-DSC and IR analyses,
showed that BLF resin adhesives had a lower curing temperature than PF adhesives but had the same characteristic trough in
IR spectra as PF adhesives.
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Translated from Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2004, 24(3) [译自: 林产化学与工业, 2004, 24(3)] 相似文献
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本文通过~(13)C NMR研究了脲醛树脂合成新工艺中不同反应阶段时的脲醛树脂的化学结构。研究结果表明脲醛树脂的化学结构主要受甲醛/尿素的摩尔比,pH值、反应温度和反应时间的影响。对脲醛树脂中主要的官能团:游离甲醛、亚甲基、亚甲基醚、Uron等相互关系也进行了研究。指出了生产低甲醛释放量,高力学性能刨花板用脲醛树脂中主要官能团的最佳含量。 相似文献