共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
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Avery PR Avery AC 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2004,33(4):196-207
Although lymphoma and leukemia usually can be diagnosed by routine cytology and histology, some cases present a diagnostic challenge for pathologists and clinicians. Often the dilemma lies in determining whether a population of lymphocytes is reactive or neoplastic. We review currently available methods for analyzing lymphocyte populations by immunophenotyping and by identifying clonally rearranged immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes and discuss how these tests can be used to clarify such diagnostic dilemmas. We also describe the detection of chromosomal abnormalities and methods on the horizon, such as gene expression profiling, to identify diagnostically useful oncogenes. Finally, we review the emerging concept of transitional neoplastic states, in which reactive lymphocytes transform to neoplastic lymphocytes in the presence of continued antigenic stimulation, such as that caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori. The existence of transitional neoplastic states underscores the need for an array of molecular diagnostic tools that would improve our ability to characterize lymphocyte populations in human and animal patients and enhance early detection of neoplastic lymphocytes such that eradication of the infectious or inflammatory stimulus could lead to cure. 相似文献
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Enrico Bigliardi Laura Denti Valeria De Cesaris Mara Bertocchi Francesco Di Ianni Enrico Parmigiani Carla Bresciani Anna Maria Cantoni 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(1):63-71
Testicular tumours are the most common neoplasms in male dogs accounting for approximately 90% of all tumours affecting the genitourinary tract. Gray‐scale ultrasonography in combination with colour and power Doppler imaging has been well accepted as an accurate technique for assessing scrotal lesions and vascularization of the testis. Colour Doppler sensitivity for low blood flows appears promising in the study of testicular disorders. The aim of this study was to assess if colour and power Doppler ultrasound is a good tool for the investigation of testicular lesions in dogs, to report the sonographic features of lesions and to measure colour and power Doppler parameters such as resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), hypovascularization and hypervascularization (VI) determining if they can be used to distinguish testicular neoplasms from the wide spectrum of non‐neoplastic pathological findings. In this study, 50 male dogs of various breeds, aged between 7 and 14 years, presented with testicular disorders were selected. RI and PI were calculated. Mean RI values for neoplastic, inflammatory and degenerative lesions were 0.54, 0.45 and 0.58, respectively. Mean PI values were 0.62, 0.55 and 0.63, respectively. Hypovascularization and hypervascularization of the lesion were evaluated throughout the vascularity index (VI). Vascular signals in neoplasms were significantly intensified around and inside the mass if compared with those measured during inflammatory and degenerative lesions. VI markedly increased in solid tumours. Pathological testes were removed; macroscopical, histological and immunoistochemical evaluations were carried out. Colour Doppler showed increased intralesional and peripheral flows in all neoplastic lesions analysed. No flows were detected around cysts. 相似文献
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Lana SE Ogilvie GK Hansen RA Powers BE Dernell WS Withrow SJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(2):111-114
OBJECTIVE: To identify matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 in canine tumor tissue and to compare the amount of activity to that in unaffected stromal tissue. ANIMALS: 30 dogs with spontaneously developing, high-grade osteosarcoma. PROCEDURE: Tumor and nearby stromal tissue (muscle) were obtained at the time of surgery. Specimens were homogenized, and supernatants were assayed, using gelatin zymography. Human derived standards were run concurrently. Densitometry was done to obtain a semiquantitative arbitrary unit value for each specimen. The amount of activity in tumor tissue was compared with the amount in stromal tissue. RESULTS: Gelatinolytic bands were observed from the analysis of all tumor tissues and in most stromal tissues. These bands migrated in the same molecular weight area as the human MMP 2 and 9 standards. Gelatinolytic activity could be quenched by the addition of 50 mM EDTA and 1 microg of synthetic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 2 per 100 ml. There was significantly more gelatinolytic activity in tumor tissue than in stromal tissue. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: MMP 2 and 9 are detectable in canine neoplastic tissue. Matrix metalloproteinases activity in tumor tissue is higher than in unaffected stromal tissue, indicating that canine MMP may be involved in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and metastasis. 相似文献
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B R Madewell 《American journal of veterinary research》1978,39(8):1373-1376
The hemolytic reactivity of complement obtained from 119 dogs with and without cancer has been determined. Dogs with cancer were divided retrospectively, into 2 groups--dogs with lymphosarcoma (37) and dogs with malignant neoplasms other than lymphosarcoma (31). Normal dogs (21) served as a control group. Also, for comparison, complement reactivity was determined on sera from a 4th group composed of a limited number (30) of dogs with serious systemic illnesses other than neoplasia. There was no significant difference among means for hemolytic complement reactivity of the 4 groups. However, when the dispersion of hemolytic complement values within each group of abnormal dogs was compared with that of normal dogs by variance ratio testing, it was found that all abnormal groups had highly significant greater variances than did normal dogs. 相似文献
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Chang SC Chen HF Chou MH Wang HC Su HY Wong ML 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2010,8(4):302-309
Four types of globins for oxygen transport are known in vertebrates, and the haemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen in blood. In this study, we found that haemoglobin was also expressed in canine mammary glands. Samples were taken from 26 malignant mammary tumors, 16 normal mammary glands and 10 other normal tissues. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblotting and mass spectrometry were used to investigate haemoglobin in mammary tissues. The results indicated that normal canine mammary glands expressed high levels of haemoglobin protein as shown by Coomassie blue staining. The identity of haemoglobin was confirmed by immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, and the mass spectrometry data revealed that both alpha-haemoglobin and beta-haemoglobin were expressed. Relative to normal mammary glands, the levels of haemoglobin expression in mammary tumors were lower. Our results also indicated that the haemoglobin was endogenously produced in mammary gland tissues and was not derived from the erythroid cells. 相似文献
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Hori Y Uechi M Kanakubo K Sano T Oyamada T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(9):979-982
A female golden retriever was referred to assess a history of a palpable abdominal mass. A serum chemistry analysis revealed elevated concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP). Exploratory laparotomy revealed an ovoid mass within the right ovary. This mass was removed surgically by performing an ovariohysterectomy. The right ovarian mass was diagnosed as a serous papillary adenocarcinoma. Following surgery, the dog recovered, and the serum calcium and PTH-rP concentrations decreased. Therefore, concentrations of PTH-rP and calcium might be associated with serous papillary adenocarcinomas. Serial evaluation of the serum PTH-rP and calcium was useful for evaluating the prognosis. 相似文献
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Cadile CD Kitchell BE Newman RG Biller BJ Hetler ER 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(12):1386-1391
OBJECTIVE: To determine the mean telomere restriction fragment (TRF) length in normal and neoplastic canine tissues. SAMPLE POPULATION: 57 solid-tissue tumor specimens collected from client-owned dogs, 40 samples of normal tissue collected from 12 clinically normal dogs, and blood samples collected from 4 healthy blood donor dogs. PROCEDURES: Tumor specimens were collected from client-owned dogs during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures at the University of Illinois Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, whereas 40 normal tissue samples were collected from 12 control dogs. Telomere restriction fragment length was determined by use of an assay kit. A histologic diagnosis was provided for each tumor by personnel at the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at the University of Illinois. RESULTS: Mean of the mean TRF length for 44 normal samples was 19.0 kilobases (kb; range, 15.4 to 21.4 kb), and the mean of the mean TRF length for 57 malignant tumors was 19.0 kb (range, 12.9 to 23.5 kb). Although the mean of the mean TRF length for tumors and normal tissues was identical, tumor samples had more variability in TRF length. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Telomerase, which represents the main mechanism by which cancer cells achieve immortality, is an attractive therapeutic target. The ability to measure telomere length is crucial to monitoring the efficacy of telomerase inhibition. In contrast to many other mammalian species, the length of canine telomeres and the rate of telomeric DNA loss are similar to those reported in humans, making dogs a compelling choice for use in the study of human anti-telomerase strategies. 相似文献
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M W Berchtold 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1992,134(8):353-366
This review describes molecular mechanisms involved in intracellular signal transmission. Special focus is given on calcium and calcium binding proteins as signaling intermediates. These strictly controlled biochemical reactions prevent uncoordinated proliferation which may lead to tumor development. Generally, signal transduction pathways are very similar among higher eukaryotes. Mutations in genes responsible for signal transmission and growth control (protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes) are often found in tumors or cancer cell lines. 相似文献
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It is important for the assessment of toxicological effects of chemicals to know what kinds of neoplasms naturally occur in the early life of experimental animals. In the present study, we demonstrated spontaneous neoplasms in Sprague-Dawley rats used in 4-, 13- and 26-week toxicity studies conducted at Bozo Research Center in the last decade. The tumors, which were first observed in 19-week-old animals, included anterior adenoma of the pituitary, follicular cell adenocarcinoma and C cell adenoma of the thyroids, nephroblastoma of the kidneys, basal cell tumor of the skin and malignant lymphoma. Thereafter, hemangiosarcoma of the tongue, adenocarcinoma of the submandibular glands, histiocytic sarcoma of the spleen, oligodendroglioma of the brain and adenocarcinoma and fibroadenoma of the mammary glands were detected in 32-week-old animals. The incidences of mammary adenocarcinoma and pituitary anterior adenoma were higher than those of other tumors. The present results showed that the same tumors as reported in aged rats could also develop in younger rats. 相似文献
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Marek Szczubiał Marta Kankofer Jacek Wawrzykowski Roman Dąbrowski Wojciech Łopuszyński Mariola Bochniarz Piotr Brodzki 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(10):1404-1410
In the present study, the concentration of decorin in canine normal and neoplastic mammary gland tissues was examined to understand the potential role of decorin in development and progression of canine mammary tumours. The homogenates of 48 mammary gland tumours (10 benign and 38 malignant) and 10 samples of normal canine mammary gland tissue were used in the study. The presence and quantification of decorin was examined in the homogenates using Western blot and specific canine ELISA. Western blotting confirmed the presence of decorin both in the normal mammary gland tissues and in the mammary gland tumours. The concentration of decorin was significantly higher (p < .05) in the benign tumours and non-metastatic malignant tumours than in the normal mammary gland. The concentration of decorin was significantly lower (p < .05) in the malignant tumours with metastasis to regional lymph nodes compared with benign tumours and non-metastatic malignant tumours. No significant differences were found in the level of decorin between the benign and the non-metastatic malignant tumours. Both the histological type of malignant tumours and the histological grade did not significantly affect the concentration of decorin. These findings suggest that neoplastic transformation in the canine mammary gland leads to increase in the decorin protein synthesis. The reducing decorin concentration in canine malignant mammary tumours appears to facilitate the metastatic spread of these tumours. 相似文献
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肿瘤性疾病是严重危害养鸡业的重要疾病之一,随着某些烈性传染病和普通病相继得到控制,肿瘤性疾病越发显得重要。鸡群一旦发生肿瘤病,造成的经济损失是相当可观的。因此,如何诊断和防制肿瘤性疾病是极其重要的,而病理学诊断是各种诊断方法中具有重要意义的方法。在鸡的肿瘤性疾病中,常见的主要有马立克氏病(MD)、淋巴细胞白血病(LL)和网状内皮增殖症(RE)。现将这几种肿瘤病的病理诊断及其防制分述如下。
1 马立克氏病(MD)
1.1 概述 MD是由马立克氏病毒(MDV)引起的鸡最常见的淋巴组织增生性疾病,以外周神经及性腺、虹膜、各种内脏器官、肌肉和皮肤的单核性细胞浸润和肿瘤形成为特征。病原属疱疹病毒,与其他淋巴性肿瘤疾病不同。
1.2 病理变化及诊断 相似文献
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Nestor DD McCullough SM Schaeffer DJ 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2004,40(5):372-375
This prospective study of 15 dogs evaluated biochemical parameters in abdominal effusions of neoplastic and nonneoplastic origin in an attempt to identify markers for malignant effusions. Dogs in the neoplastic group had statistically significant lower glucose concentrations (mean, 72.6 mg/dL versus 110.0 mg/dL; P=0.0431) and higher lactate levels (mean, 3.81 mmol/L versus 1.68 mmol/L; P=0.0377) in their abdominal fluid than did dogs in the nonneoplastic group, indicating that low glucose and high lactate in abdominal effusions may be markers for neoplasia. 相似文献
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Wood CE Usborne AL Starost MF Tarara RP Hill LR Wilkinson LM Geisinger KR Feiste EA Cline JM 《Veterinary pathology》2006,43(4):471-483
Macaques provide an important animal model for the study of hormonal agents and their effects on risk biomarkers for breast cancer. A common criticism of this model is that spontaneous breast cancer has rarely been described in these animals. In this report, we characterize 35 mammary gland lesions ranging from ductal hyperplasia to carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques. Based on a retrospective analysis, we estimated the lifetime incidence of mammary gland neoplasia in aged female macaques to be about 6%. Hyperplastic lesions (n = 19) occurred segmentally along ducts and included such features as columnar alteration, micropapillary atypia, and fibroadenomatous change. In situ carcinomas (n = 8) included solid, comedo, cribriform, and micropapillary elements, encompassing 4 of the major architectural patterns seen in human lesions. Invasive ductal carcinomas (n = 8) were generally solid, with prominent central necrosis and mineralization, often on a background of micropapillary ductal hyperplasia and in situ carcinoma. Cytologic changes of invasive lesions included increased mitoses, nuclear pleomorphism, extensive microinvasion, and stromal desmoplasia. Axillary lymph-node metastases were confirmed in 5 of the 8 invasive carcinomas. On immunohistochemistry, intraductal and invasive carcinomas had increased Ki67/MIB1 and HER2 expression and selective loss of estrogen and progesterone receptors. These findings suggest that breast cancer is an underreported lesion in macaques and highlight unique morphologic and molecular similarities in breast cancer between human and macaque species. 相似文献
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Ultrastructural features of the neoplastic Sertoli cell in a dog 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1