共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
James J. Heinis 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(3):256-257
ABSTRACT This study examines small ruminants produced by farmers in the Iseyin Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used in selecting 125 respondents for the study. The majority of the respondents were between the ages of 21?40 years—male, married, and Muslim—with no formal education and a primary occupation of farming. Respondents kept an average stock size of 6–10 goats and 1–5 sheep on a free range. Farmers keep small ruminants as a source of income for spreading risks such as crop failure, for slaughter during social ceremonies, and as a measure of social status. Respondents had occasional contacts with extension agents. Constraints experienced by respondents include theft, lack of capital, drugs, and improved feed. Agricultural development programs should provide livestock extension services to small ruminant farmers and support local sanctions by government enforcement agents. 相似文献
2.
J. M. Chah E. A. Onwubuya A. N. Asadu 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(3):233-247
This study examined the contribution of urban crop agriculture in Enugu metropolis, Enugu State. A questionnaire/interview schedule was used to collect information from 60 urban agriculture (UA) farmers. Respondents were engaged in UA to provide food for family members (97%), for extra income (91.67%), and to pay children's school fees (85.45%). The average amount realized from sales of UA produce was US$11 per week. The destruction of crops by stray animals, theft, and lack of information were identified as the major barriers to UA in the study area. Only 20% of the respondents were aware of extension services. Urban agriculture as practiced today in Enugu is of limited scale. To reach its full potential, government intervention is needed. 相似文献
3.
《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(4):7-25
ABSTRACT Information technology is perhaps the most pervasive technology in U.S. agriculture. Despite such pervasiveness, the federal government continues to play a crucial role in providing agricultural market information that may be obtained from several sources, including private vendors. Results from a policy survey suggest that seventy-five percent of farmers want the government to continue to play that role. Further results from a logistic regression examine the determinants of that role by examining the influence of several socio-economic variables such as education, membership in agricultural organizations, land tenure and income. 相似文献
4.
J. O. Oladeji O. B. Oyesola K. Y. Ogunleye K. Raji 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(2):199-205
This study assessed the agricultural information needs of root- and tuber-crop farmers in the Atisbo Local Government Area of Oyo State. A simple random sampling technique was used to select respondents. Data were presented using percentages and rankings. The most utilized sources of information on agricultural practices were associations (75.8%), other farmers (70.8%), and extension agents (60.8%). Agricultural information reported as “highly needed” by respondents included marketing procedures, processing and improved planting techniques, and soil management methods. Chi-square test results showed a significant relationship between selected personal characteristics of respondents (gender χ2 = 24.9, p < .05; educational status χ2 = 10.8, p < .05; marital status χ2 = 181.1, p < .05 and household size χ2 = 48.6; p < .05) and information needs. 相似文献
5.
This study investigated sources of market information among cassava farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling technique was employed; data were collected through an interview schedule and described and analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, and chi-square. Results showed that the majority of the cassava farmers were male and married, had no formal education, and sourced market information from middlemen. There was a significant relationship between respondents’ personal characteristics, such as tribe and primary occupation (χ2 = 34.360, χ2 = 43.203), and market information sources. Market information should be disseminated using local languages preferred by cassava farmers and be reliable, timely, and relevant. 相似文献
6.
绍兴市通过抓农业信息化组织网络建设、软硬件系统建设、信息资源整合利用和拓展应用,在全市建成了信息快捷传递至村达户的“网上农民社会”,基本实现了农技服务、农民培训、农产品加工及营销、农业生产指导管理等主要环节的电子化、信息化,促进了农业增效、农民增收和农村繁荣。 相似文献
7.
Conservation agriculture is critical to sustainably increasing agricultural productivity, enhancing climate resilience and food security. Much research on adoption of conservation agriculture has focused on its agronomic benefits, but little attention has been paid to the contribution of the behaviour of farmers over its adoption. To close this gap, a study was carried out to investigate the behaviour of smallholder farmers towards the adoption of conservation agriculture in Chivi, Murehwa and Mutoko districts, Zimbabwe. Data were collected through a pre‐tested questionnaire administered to 360 farmers, selected through a multi‐stage sampling process. This method was triangulated through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and personal observations. Data were analysed using percentages, means and inferential statistics. The results show that, although fewer than 10% of the respondents had received any formal training in agriculture, more than 80% of them relied on it for their major source of income. The respondents had high levels of knowledge on the social, environmental and economic benefits of conservation agriculture. However, the majority of the non‐adopters had an indifferent perception towards conservation agriculture. The knowledge and perception of the farmers was explained by age, gender, education and experience with conservation agriculture. Results also show a weak but significant correlation between knowledge and perception (Rs = 0.306, p < 0.05), knowledge and adoption (Rs = 0.484, p < 0.05) but a strong and significant correlation between perception and adoption (Rs = 0.808, p < 0.05). Addressing perception gaps is key to enhance adoption of conservation agriculture. 相似文献
8.
《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(4):63-83
ABSTRACT This paper discusses the organizational mechanisms affecting policy-making in the creation of agricultural scientific information in Kenya. Specifically, an attempt is made to determine how well the general policy framework fits the particular case of agriculture. It is concluded that the state suffers from organizational inefficiency in both the policy-formulation mechanisms and the policy-implementing institutions in the agricultural research system. 相似文献
9.
Liang Gaimei Chi Baoliang Li Nana Chen Wenliang Qin Wei 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(3):273-282
Water and nutrient availability significantly limits global crop production, especially for dryland agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions. To explore the optimal soil mulching options for the Loess Plateau in China, a 3-year field study was conducted to investigate the effects of various soil mulching practices on soil temperature and the water use and grain yield of spring maize. The treatments included traditional flat farming (CK), narrow plastic film mulch (NM), wide plastic film mulch (WM) and narrow plastic film mulch?+?maize straw mulch between rows (MS). The results showed that MS treatment increased consistently soil temperature during the initial stages of maize growth, and more importantly, it reduced diurnal temperature variation. MS also increased in soil water storage by 10.1%, leading to the highest water use efficiency (WUE?=?30.9?kg?ha?1?mm?1) over CK on 3 year average. MS significantly increased maize yield and net income of farmers by up to 20%, compared to CK. In conclusion, optimisation of soil mulching strategies significantly enhanced crop yield and water productivity in dryland agriculture in China. Our study provides important guidance for exploring better soil management practice for dryland agriculture in the other regions of the world. 相似文献
10.
Juliana Chinasa Iwuchukwu John Nna-Nna Eke Charles Ekene Udoye 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(3):255-271
This study investigated the characteristics and aquaculture information needs of crayfish farmers in Akwa-Ibom State of Nigeria. Ninety crayfish farmers formed the sample for the study. Percentage, mean score, and multiple regression were used in data analysis. The findings show that the respondents had no extension contact and no access to crayfish and agriculture-related information. Information on adaptation to the effects of climate change on aquatic animals, especially crayfish, was needed by these farmers. Primary occupation, monthly income from crayfish enterprise, household size, and number of extension contacts were determinants of output on crayfish. The restriction of fishing activities on traditional festival days was a challenge, while the use of modern boats and durable nets were strategies for improving harvesting of crayfish. 相似文献
11.
Idris Olabode Badiru Molayo Elizabeth Akande Temitope Adejoju Ladigbolu 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(2-3):142-150
ABSTRACTThis study assessed farmers' utilization of agricultural information on Ere Agbe radio broadcasts in the Oke-Ogun Area of Oyo State. Data were collected on appropriateness, utilization of agricultural information, and constraints to access, from 160 farmer-listeners using an interview schedule. The appropriateness of information was low (51.9%); 47.5% utilized information highly; irregular power supply (M = 1.3125) was the main constraint to information access. The perceived appropriateness (r = .89, p ≤ .05) and constraints faced (r = ?0.29, p ≤ .05) were significantly related to utilization of agricultural information. Broadcasts should address farmers' needs, while cheap, alternative power sources should be explored. 相似文献
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13.
E. P. N. Udayakumara R. P. Shrestha L. Samarakoon D. Schmidt-Vogt 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):273-285
Abstract Soil erosion by water is currently one of the most notable types of land degradation in Samanalawewa Watershed in Sri Lanka, creating copious environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Thus, with the aim of detecting and mapping the rates of human-induced soil erosion in the watershed, remote sensing and geographic information system based modelling and field experiments were carried out. The results of the assessment disclosed that the present rate of human-induced soil erosion varies from 0 to 289 t ha?1 yr?1 with the majority of the area exceeding the natural rate of soil erosion by 14 to 33 times at present. However, the average rate of human-induced soil erosion has declined dramatically from 19.8 to 4.3 t ha?1 yr?1 from 1986 to 2008. In order to analyse the significant determinants of farm-level adoption of soil and water conservation measures, binary logistic regression procedure was applied using the data collected through a household survey (n = 201). The most significant (p<0.01) variables of the study were the farmers’ perceptions of soil erosion problems, gender of the household head, training on soil and water conservation, and ascertained advice from agricultural extension officers while the variables regarding past awareness about soil conservation technologies and off-farm income were significant at p<0.05. Furthermore, the study revealed that the majority (60.2%) of the farmers in the study area had been adopting different types of soil and water conservation measures for a prolonged period of time. Therefore, owing to the current decreasing rate of soil erosion, the soil and water conservation costs and the ratios of human-induced soil erosion vs natural soil erosion had declined significantly while the productivity of their lands had gone up. 相似文献
14.
城市化和工业化背景下,传统小规模农业一直被认为是经济效益较低的产业。重要农业文化遗产地的小规模农业已有上千年的历史,至今仍发挥生计功能,为何仍有大量农户在从事农业生产?为解释这个现象,本文选取中国重要农业文化遗产——河北宽城板栗栽培系统为例,以宽城板栗种植户为单位,采用随机抽样问卷调查法收集数据,构建劳动投入回报模型,计算农户板栗种植和外出务工的劳动投入回报率。研究结果表明:宽城板栗种植户使用化肥和农药比例不高,耕地面积小(0.57 hm~2·户~(–1)),田间管理、采摘是板栗种植消耗劳动量较多的农事活动,年均只需要投入121.4人·d·户~(–1)的劳动量;外出务工劳动力约2人·户~(–1),人均务工时间为8.9月·a~(–1),每年每户外出务工的总劳动量为537人·d·户~(–1),是板栗种植劳动投入的4.4倍。板栗价格相对略高,每户种植板栗所获得的收入是15 623.3元·户~(–1);农民文化程度较低、技能不足,外出务工的月收入较低,每户劳动力外出务工所获得年收入为59 243.7元·户~(–1)。但从农户劳动投入回报率的角度看,小规模板栗种植业较外出务工高约1.2倍。这一结果与人们对农业低效益的普遍印象存在较大差别,也从经济维度解释了多数农户不愿意放弃板栗种植的原因。板栗种植需要的劳动量较少,使得农户有大量的剩余劳动力从事非农产业,农户兼业化是充分利用剩余劳动力以适应社会转型的适应性现象。 相似文献
15.
《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(2):51-59
ABSTRACT The Oberly Award for Bibliography in the Agricultural Sciences is a biennial award given in odd-numbered years, consisting of a citation and a cash award from the income of the Oberly Memorial Fund, presented for the best English language bibliography in the field of agriculture or one of the related sciences in the two-year period preceding the year in which the award is made. The bibliographies are judged on accuracy, scope, usefulness, format, and special features such as explanatory introductions, annotations and indexes. 相似文献
16.
Solomon Assefa Derese Hussein Shimelis Mark Laing Fentahum Mengistu 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(5):424-436
Purpose: Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has been cultivated for centuries as a staple food crop for millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. In Ethiopia a total of 4.34 million tons of sorghum is being produced per annum, predominantly in the arid and semi-arid areas. However, the yield and quality of sorghum is affected by a wide array of production constraints, notably severe and recurrent drought stress. The aim of this study were to determine the impact of drought on sorghum production and productivity over time and space, and to identify farmers’ trait preferences, production constraints and coping strategies when dealing with drought in north eastern Ethiopia.Materials and methods: Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) was employed in three administrative zones of north eastern Ethiopia. One Woreda from each Zone and two Kebeles from each Woreda were selected on the basis of sorghum area coverage, production, consumption and prior information on the intensity, duration and spatial coverage of drought. In each kebele, 30 respondents were selected for interview and 12 key informants were selected for group discussions and transect walk personal observations. Data collected from 180 respondents was subjected to statistical analysis and the information gathered from 72 key informants through focus group discussions and transect walk observations were used in discussing the results.Results and discussion: The present study found that productivity of sorghum was challenged by recurrent droughts, Striga infestation, insects, birds, diseases, a lack of varieties with farmers-preferred traits and high yield potential, limited policy support, a lack of improved seed system, poor sorghum production practices and application of crop input and poor soil fertility, in a decreasing order of importance. Among the listed sorghum production constraints, severe drought in the post-flowering stage was identified by most interviewed farmers as the leading constraint across the three study zones. Focus group discussions and transect walk observations held in each Kebele revealed that farmers’ had lost numerous valuable local landrace varieties due to extreme drought conditions over the years. A significant number of interviewed farmers preferred to grow high grain and biomass yielder medium-maturing sorghum varieties which can be sown at the normal planting time but which would escape post-flowering drought.Conclusion: Overall, sorghum breeding programme should be directed at developing farmers’ ideal sorghum varieties with high grain and biomass yield, adequate level of drought and Striga tolerance. In addition, development of farmer preferred medium-maturing sorghum varieties suitable for April planting should be strengthen to boost its productivity and to increase varietal adoption rate in the area. 相似文献
17.
Sarah C. Williams 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(4):75-82
ABSTRACT Information technologies are offering new ways for Extension personnel to reach a wider audience. Incorporating these technologies into an educational strategy requires an assessment of the propensity of Extension's clientele to use such technologies. Results from a survey of farmers suggest a preference for receiving information through direct communication. This method provides an opportunity for Extension to encourage farmers to use existing information technologies in order to realize greater efficiency gains. The results also suggest that the socio-economic factors examined were not related to the preference for any type of information technology. 相似文献
18.
农户社会经济特征对农业种植意愿的影响*
——基于农业文化遗产保护目的的福州茉莉种植户研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
因城市用地侵占和种植成本增加等原因,福州茉莉花种植面积锐减,严重威胁到重要农业文化遗产——福州茉莉花与茶文化系统的持续性。保证茉莉种植可持续性的根本在于花农种植意愿及其影响因素,据此制定有针对性的保护措施。本研究通过问卷调查和农户访谈获取花农社会经济特征及其对茉莉种植意愿的数据,使用描述统计法对调查农户的社会经济特征进行分析,使用二元Logistic回归分析法分析花农社会基本特征(性别、年龄、受教育程度、获取信息手段、对茉莉花用途的认识深度)和经济特征(当前茉莉单位面积收益、种植者收入在熟悉人群的位置、种植者希望茉莉花单位面积收益)与其种植意愿的关系,找出影响农户种植意愿的主要因素。结果表明:花农群体呈老龄化趋势,受教育水平普遍偏低,获取信息方式较落后单一;对茉莉花的综合认知水平整体不高,一半以上的花农打算继续种植茉莉花;花农掌握信息能力和对茉莉单位面积收入的预期是影响花农是否愿意继续种植的两个主要因素。保证茉莉种植业可持续发展的主要途径包括:提高茉莉种植补贴、通过政策倾斜吸纳青年人才经营茉莉产业,建立种植业的可持续机制;推动企业与农户、农户与农户的合作,稳定种植业收入;充分利用茉莉种植业的多功能性,发展旅游业、休闲农业等多种产业模式;借鉴传统种植技术原理,研发高效的生产设备,提高茉莉种植的生产效率,以降低劳动强度和增加农户收入;加强对花农的农业文化遗产保护与利用知识普及和传统种植技术培训,提高自我发展能力;开设中小学生农业文化遗产文化课和遗产地教育实践课,增进他们对于茉莉花与茶文化系统的感情与保护意识。 相似文献
19.