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1.
采用试管预试法和圆形滤纸层析法对泥胡菜的化学成分进行分析,结果表明,泥胡菜含有生物碱、有机酸、蛋白质、多肽、氨基酸、酚性成分、鞣质、糖类等化学成分;用纸片法和试管法对泥胡菜水提取液进行体外抗菌作用试验,结果表明,泥胡菜水提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌、链球菌、沙门菌、大肠埃希菌都有较强的抗菌作用.抑菌圈直径分别为19.66 mm±0.53 mm、13.45 mm±0.21 mm、15.84 mm±1.23 mm、12.78 mm±0.34 mm、12.43 mm±0.52 mm;泥胡菜水提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌、链球菌、沙门菌、大肠埃希菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为0.063、0.125、0.25、0.125、0.25 g/mL.最低杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为0.063、0.25、0.5、0.125、0.25 g/mL. 相似文献
2.
杠板归化学成分分析及抗菌效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用试管预试法和圆形滤纸层析法,分析了杠板归的化学成分.结果表明,杠板归含有酚类、有机酸、生物碱、氨基酸、鞣质、黄酮、蒽醌、甙类、糖类、植物甾醇及三萜类等化学成分.用纸片法和试管法对杠板归水提取液进行了体外抗茵作用试验.结果表明,杠板归水提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌、链球菌、沙门菌、大肠埃希茵等兽医临床常见病原微生物都有较强的抗菌作用,抑茵圈直径分别为21.86 mm±0.83mm、13.28 mm±0.46 mm、18.46 mm±0.73 mm、15.67 mm±0.31 mm和17.69 mm±0.56 mm;杠板归水提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌、链球菌、沙门菌、大肠埃希茵的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为0.031、0.25、0.063、0.125、0.063 g/mL.最低杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为0.031、0.5、0.063、0.25、0.125 g/mL. 相似文献
3.
谷精草有效成分分析及体外抗菌活性测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用试管法和圆形滤纸层析法分析鉴定了谷精草的化学成分,结果表明:谷精草含有生物碱、酚性成分、有机酸、黄酮及其甙类、挥发油、植物甾醇、鞣质等化学成分.用纸片法和试管法对谷精草水提取液进行了体外抗菌作用试验.结果表明:谷精草水提取液对金色葡萄球菌、链球菌、巴氏杆茵、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌等兽医临床常见病原微生物都有较强的抗茵作用,抑茵圈直径分别为12.16±0.33 mm,15.36±0.29 mm,13.57±0.61 mm,8.63±0.26 mm,9.88±0.72mm:谷精草水提取液对金色葡萄球菌、链球菌、巴氏杆菌、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为0.125 g/ml、0.063g/ml、0.125 g/ml、0.5 g/ml、0.25g/ml;最低杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为0.25g/ml、0.125g/ml、0.25g/ml、1g/ml、1g/ml. 相似文献
4.
紫菀有效成分分析及生物碱的提取与体外抑菌研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用试管法和圆形滤纸层析法分析鉴定了紫菀的化学成分,结果表明,紫菀主要含有生物碱、有机酸、黄酮类、多糖、酚类、鞣质、植物三萜和挥发油等。用醇类溶剂提取法从300 g生药中提取总生物碱0.4520 g,得率为0.1506%。用试管稀释法和纸片法对紫菀乙醇提取物和生物碱提取物进行了体外抑菌效果试验,结果表明,紫菀乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、猪巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、链球菌和沙门氏杆菌都有较强的抑菌作用,其抑菌圈直径分别为18.20±1.30 mm、17.00±2.55 mm、12.40±2.07 mm、14.60±1.82 mm、16.00±4.36 mm;最低抑菌浓度分别为0.80 g/m l、0.05 g/m l、0.50 g/m l、0.20 g/m l和0.20 g/m l;紫菀生物碱提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、猪巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、链球菌和沙门氏杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为4 mg/m l、2 mg/m l、6 mg/m l、4 mg/m l和4 mg/m l。 相似文献
5.
谷精草有效成分分析及体外抗菌活性测定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用试管法和圆形滤纸层析法分析鉴定了谷精草的化学成分,结果表明:谷精草含有生物碱、酚性成分、有机酸、黄酮及其甙类、挥发油、植物甾醇、鞣质等化学成分。用纸片法和试管法对谷精草水提取液进行了体外抗菌作用试验,结果表明:谷精草水提取液对金色葡萄球菌、链球菌、巴氏杆菌、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌等兽医临床常见病原微生物都有较强的抗菌作用,抑菌圈直径分别为12.16±0.33mm,15.36±0.29mm,13.57±0.61mm,8.63±0.26mm,9.88±0.72mm;谷精草水提取液对金色葡萄球菌、链球菌、巴氏杆菌、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为0.125g/ml、0.063g/ml、0.125g/ml、0.5g/ml、0.25g/m;最低杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为0.25g/ml、0.125g/ml、0.25g/ml、1g/ml、1g/ml。 相似文献
6.
采用榨汁法、水煮法和醇提法制备库拉索芦荟提取物,通过K-B法和二倍稀释法测定3种方法芦荟提取物对维氏气单胞菌的抑菌作用。结果显示,用3种方法制备的库拉索芦荟提取物对维氏气单胞菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,榨汁法、水煮法和醇提法得到的库拉索芦荟提取物对3株维氏气单胞菌的平均最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)分别为1、0.5和0.125 g/mL,最小杀菌浓度(minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC)分别为1、1和0.25 g/mL。库拉索芦荟提取物对3株维氏气单胞菌均有抑制作用,芦荟提取物浓度越高抑菌效果越明显,其中醇提法的抑菌效率高,水煮法的抑菌作用其次,榨汁法的抑菌效果较弱。 相似文献
7.
《动物医学进展》2021,42(2)
为研究岩青兰、旱辣蓼和轮叶棘豆的化学成分和体外抑菌活性,采用GC-MS技术对各植物乙醇提取物的化学成分进行分析与鉴定;采用二倍稀释法、平板涂布法和琼脂平板打孔法分别测定最小抑菌浓度(MIC)、最小杀菌浓度(MBC)和最小抑菌浓度抑菌圈大小。GC-MS分析显示,岩青兰、旱辣蓼和轮叶棘豆中具有生物活性的化合物分别为13、19、15种,其中黄酮类化合物分别为9、12、13种,有机酸类化合物分别为0、2、0种,醌类化合物分别为2、2、1种,生物碱类化合物分别为2、3、1种;体外抑菌活性试验显示,复方提取物对链球菌,岩青兰提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌,岩青兰和复方提取物对大肠埃希氏菌,复方提取物对沙门氏菌抑制效果最好,其MIC值范围为1.95 mg/mL～31.25 mg/mL,MBC值范围为3.25 mg/mL～250 mg/mL。结果表明,3种药物提取物对4种常见菌均有良好的抑菌活性,可能是因为3种药物中含有多种具有抑菌活性的化学成分,研究结果可为开发新型兽药提供理论依据。 相似文献
8.
《中兽医医药杂志》2017,(6)
目的:采用不同提取方法提取凤尾草有效成分,并通过体外抑菌实验测定不同提取物的抑菌效果。方法:以体外抑菌实验结果为考察指标,采用乙醇回流提取法、蒸馏水浸提法、碱溶酸沉提取法对凤尾草的有效成分进行提取,通过对4种细菌的药敏实验比较不同提取方法的抑菌差异性,并计算最小抑菌浓度。结果:凤尾草抑菌有效提取方法为乙醇回流提取法;凤尾草乙醇回流提取液对受试菌的抑菌效果为金黄色葡萄球菌绿脓杆菌枯草芽孢杆菌大肠杆菌,最小抑菌浓度分别为3.13μg/mL、6.25μg/mL、6.25μg/mL、12.50μg/mL。结论:凤尾草不同提取方法提取液抑菌效果有差异,乙醇回流提取法抑菌效果较为显著。 相似文献
9.
《中国兽医杂志》2016,(1)
采用水提法和乙醇回流加热法分别提取功劳叶,应用牛津杯法和试管二倍稀释法分别检测功劳叶提取物对试验菌的抑菌圈直径、最低抑菌浓度(MinimumInhibitory Consistency,MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(Minimum Bactericidal Consistency,MBC)。结果显示,功劳叶醇提物金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径分别为20.69 mm、15.40 mE;MIC值分别是31.3 mg/mL、125 mg/mL;MBC值分别是62.5 mg/mL、500 mg/mL。功劳叶水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈13.54mm,其MIC值、MBC值分别是62.5 mg/mL、500 mg/mL,对大肠杆菌抗菌活性较弱,其MIC值为500 mg/mL,MBC500 mg/mL。功劳叶不同提取物对细菌的抗菌活性有所差异,功劳叶醇提物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均由不同程度的抑菌或杀菌能力。 相似文献
10.
11.
热研18号柱花草选育及利用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
1996年从哥伦比亚国际热带农业中心引入GC1581柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis Sw.GC 1581),并于1996-1997年进行原始材料的生态适应性鉴定评价,1998-2000年进行品种比较试验,2002-2005年在海南和云南进行区域性试验,2003-2007年在海南进行生产性试验。结果表明:热研18号柱花草牧草产量达11420.0 kg·hm-2·a-1,比热研5号柱花草高16.16%(P<0.05);热研18号柱花草抗柱花草炭疽病,可耐4~5个月的连续干旱,在年降水600 mm以上的热带地区表现良好,尤耐低肥力土壤、酸性土壤(pH 4.0~4.5)和低磷土壤,可耐受一定程度遮荫,在桉树(Eucalyptus)人工林和胶园作为覆盖作物表现出良好的持久性,具有较好的放牧与刈割性能,适合我国热带、亚热带地区种植,尤其适于华南地区大面积推广。 相似文献
12.
为明确3种圭亚那柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis Sw.)(‘热研2号’、‘热研5号’和热研21号)的根系分泌物对杂草生长的化感效应,采用营养液培法分别收集其根系分泌物,研究其对5种外来入侵杂草幼苗形态特征及生物量分配的影响。结果表明,除对含羞草(Mimosa pudica L.)幼苗无显著影响外,3种圭亚那柱花草对其余4种杂草的总化感综合效应均为抑制作用。‘热研5号’柱花草对杂草幼苗生长的化感抑制效应强于其他二者,对蒺藜草(Cenchrus echinatus L.)幼苗的根长、株高、地下生物量、地上生物量、总生物量和根冠比均有显著抑制效应(P<0.05),对羽芒菊(Tridax procumbens L.)幼苗的侧根数、地下生物量和根冠比有显著抑制效应(P<0.05),也显著抑制假臭草(Eupatorium catarium V.)幼苗的生物量向地下分配(P<0.05),仅对鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)幼苗的抑制效应相对较弱。灰色关联分析表明,进行圭亚那柱花草的化感效应研究中应重点关注总生物量、地上生物量和株高。由此推测,3种圭... 相似文献
13.
本试验旨在利用体外产气法研究3个品种柱花草与王草间的组合效应。将3个品种柱花草[热研2号、20号、21号柱花草]与热研4号王草分别以6个比例[0∶100、10∶90、20∶80、40∶60、50∶50、100∶0]组合,利用体外产气技术,分析不同比例的组合对产气量、产气参数、体外干物质消化率(IVDMD)、氨态氮(NH3-N)和微生物蛋白(M CP)含量的影响,计算各组合的单项组合效应值和综合组合效应值,进而筛选出各品种柱花草与王草的适宜比例。结果表明:1)热研2号和20号柱花草与王草不同比例组合的快速发酵部分产气量差异达到显著水平(P0.05),快速发酵部分产气量达到最大的组合比例分别为30∶70和50∶50。热研2号柱花草∶王草、热研21号柱花草∶王草分别为50∶50、40∶60时的IVDMD最高,与仅有王草做底物时差异显著(P0.05)。热研2号柱花草∶王草、热研20号柱花草∶王草为30∶70时MCP含量最高。NH3-N含量随着柱花草比例的递增出现先增高后降低的趋势,各品种柱花草与王草组合均以30∶70时最高。2)3个品种柱花草与王草的综合组合效应值均随着柱花草比例的增大而呈现单峰型增长趋势,其中热研2号柱花草∶王草和热研20号柱花草∶王草为30∶70时最高,热研21号柱花草∶王草为20∶80时最高。综合得出,在王草中添加适宜比例的柱花草能够提高体外发酵的产气量、IVDMD和MCP含量,提高瘤胃微生物活力,产生正组合效应;热研2号、20号柱花草与王草均以30∶70组合效果最佳,热研21号柱花草与王草以20∶80组合效果最佳。 相似文献
14.
Reinsch N Looft C Rudat I Kalm E 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1997,114(1-6):133-142
SUMMARY: A marker experiment with pigs from commercially selected lines is described. One important goal of the experiment was to map the porcine RN locus, a major gene responsible for lowered terminal pH and increased glycogen level in muscle tissue. Experimental families comprised 15 Piétrain × Hampshire boars, of which 14 were heterozygous at the RN locus, 61 homozygous rn(+) /rn(+) sows (five Landrace, 12 Large White, and 44 Landrace × Large White crossbreds), and 509 progenies, 496 of them from heterozygous boars, in total 585 animals. Genotyping was done for seven chromosome 15 microsatellite loci: Sw919, Sw964, S0088, Sw120, Sw906, Sw936, and Sw312. Genotype assignment for the RN locus was based on musculus longissimus dorsi glycogen content. The heterozygosity of markers ranged from 0.47 to 1 in boars and from 0.71 to 0.88 in sows. RN was mapped to the centre of an interval, flanked by Sw120 and the marker pair Sw906/Sw936. Male multipoint distances between RN and Sw120, Sw906, and Sw936 were estimated as 5 cM, 5 cM, and 6.9 cM, respectively. Two-point recombination rates between these markers and RN were 0.05 in all cases, with corresponding lod scores of 52.09, 29.30, and 42.53. Concordances and disconcordances of mapping results in the RN region from different studies are discussed. The male map length of the chromosome region covered was 68.8 cM, in contrast to the female map length of 124.7 cM. Significant differences in recombination rates between sexes were found in intervals Sw919-Sw964, Sw964-S0088, and Sw936-Sw312, but not in the neighbourhood of the RN gene. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Es wird ein Kartierungsexperiment mit Schweinen aus kommerziell genutzten Linien beschrieben. Vordringliches Ziel dieses Experimentes war es, das RN-Gen zu kartieren, das für einen erniedrigten End-pH-Wert und einen erh?hten Glykogengehalt im Musklegewebe verantwortlich ist. Die Daten stammen von 15 Hampshire × Piétrain Ebern, von denen 14 am RN Locus heterozygot waren, 61 homozygoten rn(+) /rn(+) Sauen (5 Landrasse-, 12 Large White und 44 Landrasse × Large White Kreuzungssauen) sowie 509 Nachkommen, 496 davon von heterozygoten Ebern, insgesamt also 585 Tiere. Für sieben Mikrosatellitenmarker auf Chromosom 15 wurden die Tiere typisiert: Sw919, Sw964, S0088, Sw120, Sw906 und Sw312. Die Bestimmung der Genotypen am RN-locus erfolgte anhand des Glykogenghalts im Musculus longissimus dorsi. Der Heterozygotiegrad der Marker lag zwischen 0, 47 und 1 bei Ebern und zwischen 0, 71 und 0, 88 bei den Sauen. Als Position des RN-Gens wurde die Mitte eines Intervalles bestimmt, der von dem Marker Sw120 sowie dem Markerpaar Sw906/Sw936 begrenzt wird. Für das m?nnliche Geschlect wurden die Kartenabst?nde zwischen RN und Sw120, Sw906 und Sw936 in einer Mehrpunktanalyse auf 5 cM, 5 cM und 6, 9 cM gesch?tzt. Paarweise Sch?tzungen der Rekombinationsraten zwischen diesen Markern und RN betrugen in allen F?llen 0, 5, mit zugeh?rigen lod scores vol 52, 09, 29, 30 und 42, 53. übereinstimmungen und Diskrepanzen zwischen Kartierungsergebnissen verschiedener Arbeitsgruppen werden diskutiert. Die Kartenl?nge des mit Markern abgedeckten Teils von Chromsom 15 betrug beim m?nnlichen Geschlecht 68, 8 cM, im Gegensatz zu einer L?nge von 124, 7 cM beim weiblichen Geschlecht. Signifikante Unterschiede in den Rekombinationsraten beider Geschlechter wurden in den Intervallen Sw919-Sw964, Sw964-S0088 und Sw936-Sw312 gefunden, nicht jedoch in der Umgebung des RN-Genes. 相似文献
15.
Yanlong Cong Yixue Sun Weili Wang Qingfeng Meng Wei Ran Lisai Zhu Guilian Yang Wentao Yang Lihua Yang Chunfeng Wang Zhuang Ding 《Veterinary microbiology》2014
Genetic reassortment between human and avian influenza viruses can create pandemic viruses. Influenza surveillance of pigs in Jilin Province, in China during 2007–2008 revealed that there were two distinguishable genotypes: a human-like H3N2 genotype and a double-reassortant genotype derived from the human H3N2 and avian H5 viruses. In this study, viral infection potential, replication kinetics, and pathogenicity were compared. The solid-phase binding assay demonstrated that both viruses prominently maintained a preference for the human-type receptor and the reassortant A/swine/Jilin/37/2008 (Sw/JL/37/08) showed relatively higher binding affinities than the non-reassortant A/swine/Jilin/19/2007 (Sw/JL/19/07). Replication kinetics showed that Sw/JL/37/08 had higher replicability in MDCK cells than Sw/JL/19/07. The mouse experiments clearly revealed that Sw/JL/37/08 had higher virulence than Sw/JL/19/07 as measured by more significant body weight loss, higher viral lung load, delayed viral clearance from lungs, and more severe pulmonary lesions. Sequence analysis indicated that the absence of glycosylation sites at residue 126 of HA and 93 of NA, as well as the characteristic NS1 C-terminal PL residues of ESEV may account for the increased replication and pathogenicity of Sw/JL/37/08. These results may imply that human may have infection risk by the reassortant swine influenza virus and emphasize the necessity for enhanced viral surveillance strategies, which monitor reassortment events in nature to reduce the public health threat posed by influenza viruses with the potential for human-to-human transmission currently circulating in pig populations. 相似文献
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《Veterinary microbiology》2015,175(2-4):224-231
During 2006 and 2007, two swine-origin triple-reassortant influenza A (H1N2) viruses were isolated from pigs in northern China, and the antigenic characteristics of the hemagglutinin protein of the viruses were examined. Genotyping and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated different emergence patterns for the two H1N2 viruses, Sw/Hebei/10/06 and Sw/Tianjin/1/07. Sequences for the other genes encoding the internal proteins were compared with the existing data to determine their origins and establish the likely mechanisms of genetic reassortment. Sw/Hebei/10/06 is an Sw/Indiana/9K035/99-like virus, whereas Sw/Tianjin/1/07 represents a new H1N2 genotype with surface genes of classic swine and human origin and internal genes originating from the Eurasian avian-like swine H1N1 virus. Six-week-old female BALB/c mice infected with the Sw/HeB/10/06 and Sw/TJ/1/07 viruses showed an average weight loss of 12.8% and 8.1%, respectively. Healthy six-week-old pigs were inoculated intranasally with either the Sw/HeB/10/06 or Sw/TJ/1/07 virus. No considerable changes in the clinical presentation were observed post-inoculation in any of the virus-inoculated groups, and the viruses effectively replicated in the nasal cavity and lung tissue. Based on the results, it is possible that the new genotype of the swine H1N2 virus that emerged in China may become widespread in the swine population and pose a potential threat to public health. 相似文献
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槲树DNA SSR-PCR反应体系的正交优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用正交设计L16(45)对槲树(Quercus dentata Thunb.)基因组DNASSR-PCR反应体系的5个因素(Tap酶,Mg2+,,模板DNA,dNTP,引物)在4个水平上进行优化试验,筛选出各反应因素的最佳水平,建立了槲树模板DNASSR-PCR反应的最佳体系(20μL):60ng模板DNA,2mmol/LMg2+,0.075U/μLTaq酶,0.4mmol/L dNTP,引物浓度0.1μmol/L。对槲树DNASSR-PCR最佳反应体系的退火温度进行了梯度试验,最佳退火温度为51.3℃。 相似文献
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Qinhua LIU Mingxia CHEN Jianguo ZHANG Shangli SHI Yimin CAI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(2):128-135
Two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, Pediococcus pentosaceus SC1 and Lactobacillus paraplantarum SC2 isolated from king grass silage, were characterized and their effectiveness to improve the silage fermentation quality of stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis Sw.) was studied. Strain SC1 was able to grow at a high temperature of 45°C, while SC2 did not. SC2 normally grew at a low pH of 4.0, while SC1 could not. These two strains and a commercial inoculant of LAB (L. plantarum, LP) were used as additives to stylo silage preparation at various temperatures (20°C, 30°C and 40°C). All LAB inoculants significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the pH value and ammonia-N content, and increased the ratio of lactic acid to acetic acid and quality score compared with the control. In addition, inoculating LAB strains markedly (P < 0.05) reduced butyric acid content at the temperatures of 30°C and 40°C. Compared to SC2 and LP strains, strain SC1 was the most effective for improving stylo silage quality at 20°C, indicated by the increase in lactic acid, ratio of lactic acid to acetic acid and quality score. At 30°C and 40°C, there were no significant differences among SC1, SC2 and LP treatments in pH values, contents of acetic acid, butyric acid and ammonia-N (P > 0.05). 相似文献