共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Chen CC Lamping KG Nuno DW Barresi R Prouty SJ Lavoie JL Cribbs LL England SK Sigmund CD Weiss RM Williamson RA Hill JA Campbell KP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5649):1416-1418
Calcium ion (Ca2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels is important for the regulation of vascular tone. Activation of L-type Ca2+ channels initiates muscle contraction; however, the role of T-type Ca2+ channels (T-channels) is not clear. We show that mice deficient in the alpha1H T-type Ca2+ channel (alpha(1)3.2-null) have constitutively constricted coronary arterioles and focal myocardial fibrosis. Coronary arteries isolated from alpha(1)3.2-null arteries showed normal contractile responses, but reduced relaxation in response to acetylcholine and nitroprusside. Furthermore, acute blockade of T-channels with Ni2+ prevented relaxation of wild-type coronary arteries. Thus, Ca2+ influx through alpha1H T-type Ca2+ channels is essential for normal relaxation of coronary arteries. 相似文献
2.
运用非损伤微测技术(NMT),研究了短期盐胁迫下胞外ATP(eATP)、H2 O2 、Ca2 + 与NO 对非泌盐红树木榄根
系K+/Na+ 平衡的调控作用。NaCl(100 mmol/L,24 h)与等渗甘露醇处理的实验表明,木榄根尖对盐胁迫的响应具
有高度的离子特异性。盐胁迫增强了木榄根尖的Na+ 外流,但Na+ 外流被Na+ /H+ 逆向转运蛋白抑制剂Amiloride
和质膜H+ -ATPase 抑制剂Vanadate 抑制,表明Na+ 外流源于根尖表皮细胞质膜Na+ /H+ 逆向转运系统驱动的Na+
外排。短期盐胁迫处理能诱导木榄根尖K+ 外流,但被氯化四乙胺(TEA,外向K+ 通道抑制剂)明显抑制,证明K+
外流是由激活的去极化外向型离子通道KORCs 介导。胞外ATP(300 mol/L)、H2 O2 (10 mmol/L)、Ca2 + (10 mmol/
L)与SNP(NO 供体,100 mol/L)均能增加短期盐胁迫下的Na+ 外流,同时抑制K+ 外流。其中,促进Na+ 外流效果
较强的是H2 O2 和Ca2 + ,而Ca2 + 和NO 抑制K+ 外流的效果突出。这些实验结果表明,胞外ATP、H2 O2 、Ca2 + 与NO
这4 种盐胁迫信使是通过上调木榄根系细胞质膜Na+ /H+ 逆向转运体系(Na+ /H+ 逆向转运体和H+ 泵)活性,在促
进Na+ 和H+ 逆向跨膜转运的同时,抑制去极化激活的K+ 离子通道来减少盐诱导的K+ 外流。 相似文献
3.
Neuronal death induced by activating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been linked to Ca2+ and Na+ influx through associated channels. Whole-cell recording from cultured mouse cortical neurons revealed a NMDA-evoked outward current, INMDA-K, carried by K+ efflux at membrane potentials positive to -86 millivolts. Cortical neurons exposed to NMDA in medium containing reduced Na+ and Ca2+ (as found in ischemic brain tissue) lost substantial intracellular K+ and underwent apoptosis. Both K+ loss and apoptosis were attenuated by increasing extracellular K+, even when voltage-gated Ca2+ channels were blocked. Thus NMDA receptor-mediated K+ efflux may contribute to neuronal apoptosis after brain ischemia. 相似文献
4.
Structure and function of voltage-sensitive ion channels 总被引：61，自引：0，他引：61
W A Catterall 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,242(4875):50-61
Voltage-sensitive ion channels mediate action potentials in electrically excitable cells and play important roles in signal transduction in other cell types. In the past several years, their protein components have been identified, isolated, and restored to functional form in the purified state. Na+ and Ca2+ channels consist of a principal transmembrane subunit, which forms the ion-conducting pore and is expressed with a variable number of associated subunits in different cell types. The principal subunits of voltage-sensitive Na+, Ca2+, and K+ channels are homologous members of a gene family. Models relating the primary structures of these principal subunits to their functional properties have been proposed, and experimental results have begun to define a functional map of these proteins. Coordinated application of biochemical, biophysical, and molecular genetic methods should lead to a clear understanding of the molecular basis of electrical excitability. 相似文献
5.
Berkefeld H Sailer CA Bildl W Rohde V Thumfart JO Eble S Klugbauer N Reisinger E Bischofberger J Oliver D Knaus HG Schulte U Fakler B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5799):615-620
Large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium channels (BKCa) are dually activated by membrane depolarization and elevation of cytosolic calcium ions (Ca2+). Under normal cellular conditions, BKCa channel activation requires Ca2+ concentrations that typically occur in close proximity to Ca2+ sources. We show that BKCa channels affinity-purified from rat brain are assembled into macromolecular complexes with the voltage-gated calcium channels Cav1.2 (L-type), Cav2.1 (P/Q-type), and Cav2.2 (N-type). Heterologously expressed BKCa-Cav complexes reconstitute a functional "Ca2+ nanodomain" where Ca2+ influx through the Cav channel activates BKCa in the physiological voltage range with submillisecond kinetics. Complex formation with distinct Cav channels enables BKCa-mediated membrane hyperpolarization that controls neuronal firing pattern and release of hormones and transmitters in the central nervous system. 相似文献
6.
Down-regulation of LFA-1 adhesion receptors by C-myc oncogene in human B lymphoblastoid cells 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
G Inghirami F Grignani L Sternas L Lombardi D M Knowles R Dalla-Favera 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,250(4981):682-686
7.
Imura A Tsuji Y Murata M Maeda R Kubota K Iwano A Obuse C Togashi K Tominaga M Kita N Tomiyama K Iijima J Nabeshima Y Fujioka M Asato R Tanaka S Kojima K Ito J Nozaki K Hashimoto N Ito T Nishio T Uchiyama T Fujimori T Nabeshima Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5831):1615-1618
alpha-klotho was identified as a gene associated with premature aging-like phenotypes characterized by short lifespan. In mice, we found the molecular association of alpha-Klotho (alpha-Kl) and Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K+-ATPase) and provide evidence for an increase of abundance of Na+,K+-ATPase at the plasma membrane. Low concentrations of extracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]e) rapidly induce regulated parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in an alpha-Kl- and Na+,K+-ATPase-dependent manner. The increased Na+ gradient created by Na+,K+-ATPase activity might drive the transepithelial transport of Ca2+ in cooperation with ion channels and transporters in the choroid plexus and the kidney. Our findings reveal fundamental roles of alpha-Kl in the regulation of calcium metabolism. 相似文献
8.
钙离子在植物生理调节中的作用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
钙是植物必须的营养元素,同时也是植物体内转导多种生理过程的胞内胞外信号物质之一。胞外Ca2+通过Ca2+通道内流进入胞质,并通过Ca2+-ATPase和Ca2+/H+反向转运蛋白外流,以保持胞质内低Ca2+浓度。同时为了应对植物发育和环境胁迫信号,Ca2+由质膜、液泡膜和内质网膜的Ca2+通道内流进入胞质,导致胞质Ca2+浓度迅速增加,产生钙瞬变和钙振荡,传递到钙信号靶蛋白(如钙调素、钙依赖型蛋白激酶及钙调磷酸酶B类蛋白,引起特异的生理生化反应),这一系列钙信号调节、应答机制构成了植物的钙信号系统。对钙转运系统、钙信号调节和放大及应答方式进行了综述。 相似文献
9.
Increased activity of calcium leak channels in myotubes of Duchenne human and mdx mouse origin 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
Elevated free Ca2+ concentrations found in adult dystrophic muscle fibers result in enhanced protein degradation. Since the difference in concentrations may reflect differences in entry, Ca2+ leak channels in cultures of normal and Duchenne human myotubes, and normal and mdx murine myotubes, have been identified and characterized. The open probability of leak channels is markedly increased in dystrophic myotubes. Other channel properties, such as mean open times, single channel conductance, ion selectivity, and behavior in the presence of pharmacological agents, were similar among myotube types. Compared to the Ca2+ concentrations in normal human and normal mouse myotubes, intracellular resting free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in myotubes of Duchenne and mdx origin were significantly higher at a time when dystrophin is first expressed in normal tissue. Taken together, these findings suggest that the increased open probability of Ca2+ leak channels contributes to the elevated free intracellular Ca2+ concentration in Duchenne human and mdx mouse myotubes. 相似文献
10.
11.
植物NHX属于Na＋/H＋逆向转运蛋白NHE/NHX亚家族的成员,为阳离子逆向转运蛋白家族的一个亚类,具有调节细胞内pH值和Na＋的浓度及维持细胞内离子稳态等多种功能。为进一步开发新疆盐生植物耐盐相关基因资源,本研究以盐生植物花花柴为材料,利用分子克隆技术,从总RNA中克隆编码Na＋/H＋逆向转运蛋白基因。依测序结果判断已从花花柴cD-NA中克隆到1253 bp的NHX基因片段,并对该序列进行数据库搜索和对序列比对分析。结果显示一致性达到68.77%,可以用于构建植物表达载体进行相应的功能鉴定。 相似文献
12.
Potassium channels are K+-selective protein pores in cell membrane. The selectivity filter is the functional unit that allows K+ channels to distinguish potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) ions. The filter's structure depends on whether K+ or Na+ ions are bound inside it. We synthesized a K+ channel containing the d-enantiomer of alanine in place of a conserved glycine and found by x-ray crystallography that its filter maintains the K+ (conductive) structure in the presence of Na+ and very low concentrations of K+. This channel conducts Na+ in the absence of K+ but not in the presence of K+. These findings demonstrate that the ability of the channel to adapt its structure differently to K+ and Na+ is a fundamental aspect of ion selectivity, as is the ability of multiple K+ ions to compete effectively with Na+ for the conductive filter. 相似文献
13.
Generation of calcium oscillations in fibroblasts by positive feedback between calcium and IP3 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
A wide variety of nonexcitable cells generate repetitive transient increases in cytosolic calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) when stimulated with agonists that engage the phosphoinositide signalling pathway. Current theories regarding the mechanisms of oscillation disagree on whether Ca2+ inhibits or stimulates its own release from internal stores and whether inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DG) also undergo oscillations linked to the Ca2+ spikes. In this study, Ca2+ was found to stimulate its own release in REF52 fibroblasts primed by mitogens plus depolarization. However, unlike Ca2+ release in muscle and nerve cells, this amplification was insensitive to caffeine or ryanodine and required hormone receptor occupancy and functional IP3 receptors. Oscillations in [Ca2+]i were accompanied by oscillations in IP3 concentration but did not require functional protein kinase C. Therefore, the dominant feedback mechanism in this cell type appears to be Ca2+ stimulation of phospholipase C once this enzyme has been activated by hormone receptors. 相似文献
14.
磷对海水抑制芦荟幼苗生长的缓解效应 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
研究了不同磷水平对海水胁迫下库拉索芦荟(Aloe vera)幼苗干物质积累、叶片伸长速率、叶绿素含量、叶片细胞膜透性、根系活力和K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl- 含量的影响。结果表明，30％浓度海水胁迫下，外源磷水平的提高能明显增加芦荟幼苗植株的干重, 显著提高其叶片伸长速率、叶绿素含量和根系活力，降低叶片电解质渗漏率。且增磷显著降低根系Na+、Cl- 含量，促进K+、Ca2+ 向地上部运输，维持叶片较高的K+/ Na+ 、Ca2+/ Na+ 和SK,Na, 从而改善其地上部的离子平衡，明显缓解30%海水对芦荟幼苗生长的抑制作用。 相似文献
15.
Altered K+ channel expression in abnormal T lymphocytes from mice with the lpr gene mutation 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
K G Chandy T E DeCoursey M Fischbach N Talal M D Cahalan S Gupta 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,233(4769):1197-1200
The observation that voltage-dependent K+ channels are required for activation of human T lymphocytes suggests that pathological conditions involving abnormal mitogen responses might be reflected in ion channel abnormalities. Gigaohm seal techniques were used to study T cells from MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr mice; these mice develop generalized lymphoproliferation of functionally and phenotypically abnormal T cells and a disease resembling human systemic lupus erythematosus. The number and predominant type of K+ channels in T cells from these mice differ dramatically from those in T cells from control strains and a congenic strain lacking the lpr gene locus. Thus an abnormal pattern of ion channel expression has now been associated with a genetic defect in cells of the immune system. 相似文献
16.
盐胁迫下外源SA对菊花体内离子含量和净光合速率的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【目的】研究盐胁迫下外源SA对菊花植株的耐盐响应机理。【方法】采用SA叶面喷施法,研究NaCl胁迫下外源SA对菊花根、叶片和叶绿体中Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量及叶片净光合速率的影响。【结果】NaCl处理的菊花根系、叶片和叶绿体中Na+的含量与对照相比均显著增加,而K+、Ca2+、Mg2+的含量均显著减少。在盐胁迫第10天时,SA+NaCl处理的菊花根系K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量与NaCl处理相比,分别增加37.70%、16.44%和20.54%,而Na+含量则减少27.13%。SA+NaCl处理的菊花叶片K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量与NaCl处理相比,分别增加56.52%、53.23%和87.53%,而Na+含量则减少53.41%,叶片Pn也增加40.74%。SA+NaCl处理的菊花叶片叶绿体中K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量与NaCl处理相比,分别增加67.97%、79.40%和89.32%,而Na+含量则减少76.06%。与NaCl处理相比,SA+NaCl处理时,根系、叶片和叶绿体中的SK, Na、SCa, Na和SMg,Na均显著增加。相关性分析表明,Pn与Na+具有显著的负相关性;而与K+、Ca2+、Mg2+显著正相关。【结论】盐胁迫下外源SA可以通过调节菊花体内对K+、Ca2+、Mg2+的选择性吸收和运输,缓解盐胁迫对菊花植株的伤害程度。 相似文献
17.
Smith ES Omerbašić D Lechner SG Anirudhan G Lapatsina L Lewin GR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6062):1557-1560
Acid evokes pain by exciting nociceptors; the acid sensors are proton-gated ion channels that depolarize neurons. The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is exceptional in its acid insensitivity, but acid sensors (acid-sensing ion channels and the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 ion channel) in naked mole-rat nociceptors are similar to those in other vertebrates. Acid inhibition of voltage-gated sodium currents is more profound in naked mole-rat nociceptors than in mouse nociceptors, however, which effectively prevents acid-induced action potential initiation. We describe a species-specific variant of the nociceptor sodium channel Na(V)1.7, which is potently blocked by protons and can account for acid insensitivity in this species. Thus, evolutionary pressure has selected for an Na(V)1.7 gene variant that tips the balance from proton-induced excitation to inhibition of action potential initiation to abolish acid nociception. 相似文献
18.
柞蚕微孢子虫孢子人工发芽的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
采用6种人工发芽方法研究了柞蚕孢子虫孢子发芽条件。试验发现，柞蚕微孢子虫孢子的发芽率存在较大差异，其中KHCO3 K2CO3法发芽率最高，达78.86%。在柞蚕微孢子虫孢子的人工发芽过程中，K^ 和Na^ 对其有促进作用，并且K^ 对柞蚕微孢子虫孢子发芽的促进作用明显强于Na^ 。Ca^2 和Mg^2 则对孢子发芽有显阻碍作用，CO3^2-有协同促进作用。而且，还证实柞蚕微孢子虫孢子在人工发芽过程中的完全发芽时间为10min。经固定染色后发现孢子发芽前后的形态发生变化，并能观察到弹出的极丝。 相似文献
19.
Role of Na+/H+ exchange by interferon-gamma in enhanced expression of JE and I-A beta genes 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
V Prpic S F Yu F Figueiredo P W Hollenbach G Gawdi B Herman R J Uhing D O Adams 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,244(4903):469-471
The rapid transductional sequences initiated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on binding to its receptor regulate functional and genomic responses in many cells but are not well defined. Induction of macrophage activation is an example of such functional and genomic changes in response to IFN-gamma. Addition of IFN-gamma to murine macrophages, at activating concentrations, produced rapid (within 60 seconds) alkalinization of the cytosol and a concomitant, rapid influx of 22Na+. Amiloride inhibited the ion fluxes and the accumulation of specific messenger RNA for two genes induced by IFN-gamma (the early gene JE and the beta chain of the class II major histocompatibility complex gene I-A). The data indicate that IFN-gamma initiates rapid exchange of Na+ and H+ by means of the Na+/H+ antiporter and that these amiloride-sensitive ion fluxes are important to some of the genomic effects of IFN-gamma. 相似文献
20.
日粮不同能量和蛋白质水平对乌金猪肌肉组织能量代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究日粮不同能量和蛋白质水平对乌金猪肌肉组织能量代谢的影响,试验选取体重约15kg的乌金猪108头,随机分为6组,下设３个重复,每个重复６头,在15～30,＞30～60,＞60～100kg体重阶段分别饲喂不同能量和蛋白质水平日粮,能量水平为：高消化能（HE,1422MJ/kg）、中消化能 (ME,1289MJ/kg)和低消化能 (LE,1174MJ/kg),蛋白水平为：高蛋白质 (HP,18％,16％,14％）、中蛋白质（MP,16％,14％,12％）和低蛋白质（LP,14％,12％和10％）,在体重30,60,100kg体重时分批屠宰,取血液、肝脏及肌肉组织样品,测定血糖、肝糖原、肌糖原和肌肉中乳酸的含量及肌肉中乳酸脱氢酶、钠钾ATP酶（Na+K+ATP酶）和钙镁ATP酶（Ca2+Mg2+ATP酶）的活性。结果表明,乌金猪血糖、肝糖原、肌糖原和肌肉中乳酸的含量及肌肉中乳酸脱氢酶、Na+K+ ATP酶和Ca2+Mg2+ATP酶的活性随日粮能量和蛋白质水平的升高而升高;在60kg体重时,高能量和高蛋白质日粮组乌金猪上述各项指标均明显升高（P<0.05）,在100kg体重时,高能量和高蛋白质日粮组乌金猪血糖、肝糖原和肌糖原的含量及Na+K+ATP酶和Ca2+Mg2+ATP酶的活性明显高于低能量和低蛋白质组（P<0.05）。本次试验结果表明高能量和高蛋白质日粮（HE,1422MJ/kg和HP,18％）可促进乌金猪肝糖原和肌糖原的合成,肌肉组织中糖酵解途径供能增加,能量代谢加强。研究结果对阐明日粮不同营养水平对猪肌肉组织能量代谢的影响机制具有重要科学意义。 相似文献