共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 247 毫秒
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亏缺灌溉对樱桃番茄产量和品质的影响 总被引：40，自引：4，他引：40
通过控制灌溉间隔将土壤水分控制在不同的水平上 ,研究了亏缺灌溉对樱桃番茄产量形成和果实品质的影响。随着土壤水分的降低 ,单果质量和产量逐步减少 ,但亏缺灌溉对结果数的影响不大。亏缺灌溉提高了果实可溶性固形物含量 (Brix)、滴定酸度、糖酸比、VC含量 ,并明显提高了水分的生产率。 相似文献
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亏缺灌溉对草莓生长和果实品质的影响 总被引：41，自引：0，他引：41
采用负压控水系统将土壤水分控制在不同的水平上, 研究了亏缺灌溉对草莓果实特性、植株生长和产量形成的影响。随着土壤水分的降低, 植株的株高、叶片数、结果数、产量和单果质量逐步减少。不同土壤水分处理条件下果实的理化特性明显不同, 亏缺灌溉降低了果实含水量, 提高了果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量(Brix) 、滴定酸度、糖酸比、维生素C 含量。相关分析表明, 果实的鲜样质量、直径与土壤水分含量呈显著的正相关, 而可溶性固形物含量(Brix) 、糖酸比与土壤水分含量呈显著的负相关。 相似文献
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以渭北地区“烟富6号”/M26/八棱海棠为试材,采用4种不同控水方法,分别为CK(果实生长前期和中期均充分灌溉75%θf,θf为田间持水量)、W1(果实生长前期和中期均轻度亏缺灌溉50%θf)、W2(果实生长前期轻度亏缺灌溉50%θf和生长中期充分灌溉75%θf)、W3(果实生长前期充分灌溉75%θf和生长中期轻度亏缺灌溉50%θf),研究了4种不同控水方法对苹果产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响,并探索了控水方式调控苹果水分高效利用效率的机制,以期为该区果农节水高效利用提供参考依据。结果表明：与CK相比,其它3种控水处理的苹果可溶性固形物、果面色度L*和a*、灌溉水利用效率均有所提升,而产量、耗水量、水分利用效率(WUE)明显降低。不同控水下的WUE总体趋势表现为CK>W2>W3>W1,而W2处理的灌溉水利用效率(IWUE)显著高于CK 22.2%。综合比较4种控水方法下的苹果果实品质、水分利用效率的综合满意度,W2处理综合满意度最高,排序从高到低依次为W2、CK、W3、W1。 相似文献
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以甜瓜为试材,采用盆栽方式,研究了日光温室内3种不同气温和空气相对湿度环境以及3种环境下不同补充灌溉量对厚皮甜瓜生理特性、产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:在相同灌溉条件下,日平均温度19~33℃,相对湿度69%~78.68%处理较日平均温度14~27℃、相对湿度60%~85%或16~30℃、65%~90%处理,单株产量提高,而植株叶片的叶绿素含量,果实的VC、可溶性总糖、可溶性固形物及水分利用效率降低;在14~27℃,60%~85%处理下果实可溶性蛋白质及可溶性固形物含量相对最高。在相同环境下,随着灌溉量的增加,甜瓜叶片的叶绿素含量、果实的VC、可溶性总糖、可溶性固形物含量及水分利用效率均逐渐降低。综合甜瓜产量与品质考虑,认为在日平均温度14~27℃,日平均空气相对湿度60%~85%的环境条件和补充蒸腾蒸发损耗量100%的灌溉量处理下,有利于甜瓜果实品质及产量的提高,可作为温室生产管理技术指标。 相似文献
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《果树学报》2016,(8)
葡萄是一种对水分十分敏感的果树,在我国大陆性季风气候下,合理的水分管理措施对葡萄产业的发展十分重要。笔者综述了在滴灌方式下,作为研究热点的2种灌溉制度——调控亏缺灌溉(PRD)和交替根区灌溉(APRI)的技术特点、对葡萄生长发育的影响以及在生产中实施的注意事项,为生产者们制定合理的灌溉制度提供了理论依据。制定合理的调控亏缺灌溉和交替根区灌溉制度可以减小植株无效的营养生长,促进根系生长,解决滴灌方式下根系上浮的问题,同时提高果实品质,维持甚至提高产量,还有利于树体营养的贮存。其中交替根区灌溉技术相对容易掌握,对产量影响不大,对生产者而言风险较小,适宜作为今后研究和应用的重点。此外,2种灌溉制度之间的系统比较也应作为今后的研究重点。 相似文献
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大白菜节水栽培技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对不同品种、不同灌溉方式及保水剂对大白菜生长、产量及品质的影响进行了研究.结果表明:灌水量相同时,早熟北京新三号比北京新三号大白菜的产量高,水分生产效率也提高;采用隔行交替灌溉能显著提高水分生产效率;保水剂处理可以促进大白菜生长,提高产量和水分生产效率,对品质影响不大.因此,建议采用早熟北京新三号品种、隔行交替灌溉,配合施用保水剂的大白菜综合节水技术. 相似文献
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R. Assaf I. Levin B. Bravdo 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):481-493
Six irrigation treatments were applied to an apple orchard. The treatments consisted of replenishing the soil water deficit at the 0-60 and 0-120 cm layers according to predetermined available water content. The seasonal patterns of trunk and fruit growth and of fruit drop were studied. It was found that the final volume of fruit was linearly related to the number of days to which the trees were subjected to above and below 30% available water in the 0-60 cm layer. Fruit firmness and soluble solids content were reduced by frequent irrigation. These reductions were found to be due both to a direct effect and to an indirect effect through the increase in fruit size due to frequent irrigation. 相似文献
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Effects of deficit irrigation (DI) on fruit maturity at harvest, ripening characteristics, and changes in fruit quality during and after storage of ‘Braeburn’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) were studied in two experiments. In Experiment 1, irrigation treatments were a commercially irrigated control (CI), an early deficit irrigation (EDI) applied from 63 to 118 days after full bloom (DAFB), and a late deficit irrigation (LDI) applied from 118 DAFB to final harvest on 201 DAFB. Irrigation treatments in Experiment 2 were a commercially irrigated control (CI) and a whole-season deficit irrigation (WDI). These DI treatments all reduced volumetric soil water content. The LDI and WDI advanced fruit ripening but EDI did not. All DI treatments increased fruit total soluble solids (TSS) and firmness regardless of maturity but had little or no effect on titratable acidity. The differences in TSS started during fruit growth much earlier than the onset of ripening and were maintained during and following storage at 0°C. The differences in firmness also started during fruit growth and were maintained for at least 10 weeks of storage at 0°C. 相似文献
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Greenhouse-grown hot pepper was used to investigate the effect of Time-Space deficit irrigation (TSDI), a newly developing irrigation technique based on regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial rootzone drying (PRD), by measuring plant growth, yield and irrigation water use efficiency. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of three factors, organized following an orthogonal L9 (3)4 test design with four growing stages. Three irrigation strategies (conventional furrow irrigation with full-water when soil water content was lower by 80% of field capacity (F), conventional furrow irrigation with 50% of full-water (D) and alternate furrow irrigation with 50% of full-water (P)) as the main plot factor were applied to select the optimum irrigation parameter at different stages of crop development, the treatment in which irrigation water was applied to both sides of root system when soil water content was lower by 80% of field capacity during all stages was considered as control (FFFF). Water consumption showed some significant effect of irrigation treatment during the growing period of different drought stress patterns application, and therefore decreased in these treatments to a level around 54.68–70.33% of FFFF. Total dry mass was reduced by 1.17–38.66% in TSDI treatments compared to FFFF. However, the root–shoot ratio of FFFF was lower than other treatments and the differences from FFFF and other TSDI treatments were statistically significant. The highest total fresh fruit yield (19.57 T ha−1) was obtained in the FFFF treatment. All deficit irrigations increased the water use efficiency of hot pepper from a minimum of 1.33% to a maximum of 54.49%. At harvest, although there was difference recorded as single fruit weight and single fruit volume were reduced under the TSDI treatments, total soluble solids concentration of fruit harvested under the water-deficit treatments were higher compared to FFFF. 相似文献
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滴灌频率对温室小西瓜生长势、产量及品质的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
在日光温室栽培条件下研究不同滴灌频率对西瓜长势、产量及品质的影响,以确定温室西瓜种植最佳的滴灌频率和灌溉量。结果表明:不同灌溉频率对西瓜生长过程中叶面积和长势的影响较小。其中在整个果实发育期以每7d灌水1次,共浇灌3次,总灌溉量为65m3的处理效果最佳,667m2西瓜产量3564.6kg,中心可溶性固形物13.62%,是本试验条件下温室栽培小西瓜最优的灌溉频率和灌溉量,不仅小西瓜高产优质,同时又省工省时节水。 相似文献
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Partial rootzone drying (PRD) has been evaluated at harvest, but its effects on apple fruit postharvest life is little known for apples grown in semi-arid regions. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that water savings via PRD may affect fruit quality at harvest and postharvest-life of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples grown in a semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted from 2005 to 2007. The irrigation treatments were commercial irrigation as control (CI) and PRD. After 3 years of evaluation, fruit quality at harvest, measured as fruit weight, flesh firmness, and total soluble solids concentration, was similar between CI fruit and PRD fruit. Dry matter concentration (DMC) was higher in PRD fruit than in CI fruit in 2005. The fruit quality after 18 days storage at room temperature (13–18 °C and 51–56% relative humidity) was similar between CI fruit and PRD fruit. The DMC was the highest in PRD fruit in the 2005 and 2007 growing seasons, and tended to be higher in PRD fruit than in CI fruit in 2006. Total soluble solids concentration was ≈8.7% higher in PRD fruit than in CI fruit in 2007. Fruit weight loss was similar between treatments. This study suggests that water deficit via PRD did not damage fruit quality at harvest or after storage at room temperature. Additionally, PRD irrigation saved about 3240 m3 of water per hectare. Therefore, PRD can be recommended for commercial use in semi-arid regions and to those growers interested in either long-term storage or distant markets. 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,104(2):137-149
We compared two water-saving irrigation practices, deficit irrigation (DI) and partial rootzone drying (PRD), for their effects on growth and quality of ‘Ancho St. Luis’ hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.). The treatments were: commercial irrigation (CI) considered as the control, irrigating both sides of the rootzone with half of the volume of CI considered as DI, and alternating irrigation between two sides of the rootzone with half the volume of CI at each irrigation time considered as PRD. Midday leaf water potentials of PRD and DI plants were lower by 0.15 and 0.30 MPa, respectively, than of CI plants from 130 days after sowing. Total fresh mass of fruit was reduced by 19 and 34.7% in PRD and DI, respectively, compared to CI. Fruit number per plant was reduced by more than 20% in PRD and DI compared to CI. Total dry mass of fruit was similar among the treatments. At harvest, DI fruit had 21% higher total soluble solids concentration and better colour development than other treatments. Although incidence of blossom-end rot was high in PRD and DI fruit, more than 80% of fruit from PRD was not affected. DI and PRD saved 170 and 164 l of water, respectively, compared to CI and they could be feasible irrigation strategies for hot pepper production where the benefit from saving water outweighs the decrease in total fresh mass of fruit. 相似文献