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1.
Detection of chromosomes carrying genes for seed dormancy of wheat using the backcross reciprocal monosomic method 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) in wheat represents a major constraint to the production of high‐quality grain. Genetic variation for tolerance to PHS is associated with seed dormancy. The present study was initiated to detect homologous chromosome variation associated with seed dormancy genes in a PHS tolerant cultivar ‘Zenkojikomugi’ (Zen) and ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) using the backcross reciprocal monosomic method. The most striking effect on variation in seed dormancy was associated with chromosome 3A, and followed by group 4 chromosomes. These chromosomes of Zen increased dormancy compared with the respective CS homologues. Chromosomes 2D and 7D of Zen, and 6A of CS seemed to contribute smaller positive effects on dormancy. Chromosomes 2A of CS and Zen, as well as 3B, were equally effective in enhancing dormancy. The chromosome 3 A factors were independent of the grain‐colour gene R‐A1 because Zen was found to carry the white‐grained R‐A1a allele, which was identical to that of CS, and there was no difference in dormancy between the reciprocal F1 seeds. 相似文献
2.
This paper describes the isolation of wheat mutants in the hard red spring Scarlet resulting in reduced sensitivity to the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination. ABA induces seed dormancy during embryo maturation and inhibits the germination of mature seeds. Wheat sensitivity to ABA gradually decreases with dry after-ripening. Scarlet grain normally fails to germinate when fully dormant, shows ABA sensitive germination when partially after-ripened, and becomes ABA insensitive when after-ripened for 8?C12?months. Scarlet ABA-insensitive (ScABI) mutants were isolated based on the ability to germinate on 5???M ABA after only 3?weeks of after-ripening, a condition under which Scarlet would fail to germinate. Six independent seed-specific mutants were recovered. ScABI1, ScABI2, ScABI3 and ScABI4 are able to germinate more efficiently than Scarlet at up to 25???M ABA. The two strongest ABA insensitive lines, ScABI3 and ScABI4, both proved to be partly dominant suggesting that they result from gain-of-function mutations. The ScABI1, ScABI2, ScABI3, ScABI4, and ScABI5 mutants after-ripen more rapidly than Scarlet. Thus, ABA insensitivity is associated with decreased grain dormancy in Scarlet wheat. This suggests that ABA sensitivity is an important factor controlling grain dormancy in wheat, a trait that impacts seedling emergence and pre-harvest sprouting resistance. 相似文献
3.
A set of 75 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of the ITMI mapping population was grown under field conditions in Gatersleben. The lines were evaluated for the domestication traits pre-harvest sprouting and dormancy (germinability). Main QTLs could be localized for pre-harvest sprouting on chromosome 4AL and dormancy on chromosome 3AL. In addition, 85 Triticum aestivum cv. “Chinese Spring”-Aegilops tauschii introgression lines grown under greenhouse conditions were researched. No QTL could be found for pre-harvest sprouting but a major QTL could be detected for dormancy on chromosome 6DL. 相似文献
4.
Pre-harvest sprouting of wheat grain can cause economic losses especially in cultivars with low levels of seed dormancy. The
aim of this study was to determine genotype differences in embryo sensitivity to germination in response to exogenous (+/–)
cis-trans ABA treatments at different concentrations. Six white and four red seed-colored bread wheat genotypes that differed in dormancy
were grown in a field near Swift Current, Saskatchewan in 2000 as a randomized complete block design with four replicates.
The seed samples from this experiment were germinated in a controlled environment at 20 °C without light. The exogenous ABA
treatments were 0 μM – whole seed (control), 0 μM-embryos, 25 μM – embryos and 50 μM – embryos. The ABA experiment was a factorial
design with four randomized complete blocks with four ABA treatments in all combinations with the ten genotypes. A weighted
(by day) germination index (WGI) was calculated for each genotype in each ABA treatment. Genotypes differed in response to
ABA. The genotypes, ABA concentration and genotype by ABA concentration interaction effects were significant (p ≤ 0.05). Excised embryos showed significantly decreased dormancy in most of the experimental genotypes. The addition of exogenous
ABA enhanced embryo dormancy of most genotypes.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
A set of T. aestivum-L. elongatum chromosome substitution lines was tested for yellow rust resistance at the seedling stage. Inheritance of the resistance and esterase-5 (Est-5) variation were studied. The results demonstrated that L.elongatum carried a new gene(s) conferring yellow rust resistance. This gene was dominant and located on chromosome 3E of L. elongatum. The biochemical locus encoding Est-5was also located on chromosome 3E, and co-segregated with theYr gene(s) in the wheat background. The transmission frequencies of chromosome 3E in 3E(3A) × CS, 3E(3B) × CS and 3E(3D) × CS hybrids were scored.None of the hybrids transmitted the alien chromosome at thetheoretical maximum rate, but the transmission frequencies ofchromosome 3E in F2 populations of 3E(3A) × CS and 3E(3D) × CS were significantly higher than in thatof 3E(3B) × CS. 相似文献
6.
Response of Wheat Grain to ABA and Imbibition at Low Temperature 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
During after-ripening of wheat grains, embryo responsiveness to abscisic acid (ABA) decreases in parallel with the loss of grain dormancy. Dormant grains of Triticum aestivum L. line ‘Kitakei-1354’ that had lost almost half their dormancy due to chilling still respond to ABA like fully dormant grains. Imbibition a: low temperature appears to break the dormancy without change of embryo responsiveness to ABA. Gibberellin (GA) and ABA-regulated α-amylase synthesis of the embryos. This is amplified when the grains are imbibed at low temperature. Imbibition at low temperature appears to condition cells and tissues of the embryo for germination and α-amylase synthesis. 相似文献
7.
Preharvest sprouting is common in cereals, which lack grain dormancy when maturing grain is exposed to rainfall or high moisture conditions. Environmental conditions such as drought and high temperature during grain filling have a large effect on the expression of sprouting tolerance. A dormant (DM 2001) and non-dormant (Cunderdin) hard white spring wheat were exposed to drought or irrigated conditions and either low or high temperature during grain filling. Dormancy and embryo sensitivity to ABA were analysed throughout grain filling. The conclusions from this investigation were as follows; firstly DM 2001 was more dormant than Cunderdin, with a four-fold lower germination index (GI) at maturity. Secondly during grain ripening drought increased dormancy and overrides any increase in dormancy with low temperature. Finally embryo sensitivity can be induced in a non-dormant genotype to the extent where the non-dormant genotype in a hot dry environment can have the same phenotype as a dormant genotype grown in a cool wet environment. In summary drought during grain filling increases dormancy suggesting breeders need to avoid drought when screening for sprouting tolerance in order to maximise the chances of identifying genetic differences in grain dormancy and avoid any maturity by drought interactions. 相似文献
8.
In Arabidopsis, two genes of abscisic acid (ABA) 8′-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 (CYP) 707A1 and A2) have been found to play important roles in seed dormancy through the regulation of ABA content in seeds. In order to examine
the role of wheat ABA 8′-hydroxylase gene in seed dormancy, a diploid wheat ABA 8′-hydroxylase gene was cloned that showed
high similarity to a barley ABA8′-hydroxylase gene (HvABA8′OH-2), and the cloned gene was designated as TmABA8′OH-2. Using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between diploid wheat Triticum boeoticum L. (Tb) and Triticum monococcum L. (Tm), TmABA8′OH-2 has been mapped to near the centromeric region of the long arm of chromosome 5Am, where the major seed dormancy QTL has been previously found. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of TmABA8′OH-2 between Tb and Tm revealed five amino acid residue substitutions. These amino acid residues have distinctly different characteristics,
and one of the substitutions occurs in the highly conserved amino acid residues in CYP707A family, indicating that these substitutions
may have effects on the enzyme activities. Moreover, hexaploid wheat TmABA8′OH-2 homologue revealed that the level of its expression during seed development peaks at mid-maturation stage. This resembles
the expression pattern of the Arabidopsis
CYP707A1, which was shown to control seed dormancy. These results imply a possibility that TmABA8′OH-2 might be involved in seed dormancy, and associated with the QTL on chromosome 5Am. 相似文献
9.
C. De Pace D. Snidaro M. Ciaffi D. Vittori A. Ciofo A. Cenci O.A. Tanzarella C.O. Qualset G.T. Scarascia Mugnozza 《Euphytica》2001,117(1):67-75
Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy (DV) is adiploid (2n = 14, VV genomes), allogamous grass of theMediterranean region. It may be hybridized with wheatand is thus a gene resource for wheat improvement. Westudied grain protein concentration andSDS-sedimentation (SED) as indicators of end-usequality. The latter is a good predictor of glutenstrength. A-PAGE and SDS-PAGE were used to identifymonomeric and polymeric seed storage proteins,respectively, to relate proteins of DV to those foundin Chinese Spring (CS), Triticum aestivum L.,wheat. Two full-sib lines of DV had high grain protein(19.3 and 20.3%), but one had very low mean SED (69mm) and one had very high (118 mm) based on onegreenhouse and one field test. CS had very low grainprotein (12.0%) and weak gluten (33 mm). Single-DVchromosome addition and substitution lines and twoDV-wheat recombinant lines all had higher grainprotein than CS (range 13.9 to 16.7%). SED valuesshowed a different pattern. CS=4V and CS=6V hadlow SED, 63 and 44 mm, similar to CS, whereas CS=1Vand full sib DV 200 had very strong gluten, 118 mm, asdid substitution lines CS1V (1A) and CS1V (1B), 125and 131 mm, respectively. One hybrid-derived line withDV-wheat 1V recombinant chromosome had SED of 99 mmand one line with a 6V added chromosome had SED of 64mm. The large positive effects of quality in the wheathaving DV chromosome 1V are believed to be due to DValleles at the Glu-V1 and Gli-V1/Glu-V3loci. DV chromosomes 4V and 6V did not contribute toimproved quality probably due to Gli-V2 and Gli-V3 which, as the orthologous loci in wheat, donot enhance wheat quality. Based on the positiveeffects of alleles on DV chromosome 1V in a breadwheat background, we conclude that D. villosumis a source of allelic diversity that can beconsidered for improving end-use quality in breadwheat. 相似文献
10.
`Langdon' (LDN), a durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) cultivar, and a set of chromosome substitution lines of Langdon, where A or B genome chromosome were replaced with a homologous
chromosome of wild emmer wheat, T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (DIC), were used to assess the effect of the specific chromosome on seed dormancy in tetraploid wheat. The LDN(DIC 3A) and
LDN (DIC 313) lines showed significantly lower seed germination than Langdon. It appears that LDN(DIC 3A) and LDN(DIC 3B)
have red grain whose allele were designated as R-A1b and R-B1b, respectively and the rachises of LDN(DIC 3A) and LDN(DIC 3B) were fragile. The alleles for brittle rachis were designated
as Br
2 for LDN(DIC 3A) and Br
3 for LDN(DIC 3B). From the F2 of the crosses, Langdon/LDN(DIC 3A) and Langdon/LDN(DIC 3B), Br
2 was located approximately 44.2 cM from the R-A1b locus and Br
3 approximately 47.0 cM from the R-B1b locus, respectively. Recombinant inbred chromosomal lines for 3A and 3B were used to assess (1) the linkage relationship
between grain colour and fragile rachis, and (2) the effect of grain colour on germination. Estimated distance between R-B1b – Br
2 was 39.6 cM. For the 3A population, germination percentage of both colour groups was 12.4% for the red grain group and 68.6%
for the amber group, respectively. For the 3B population, germination percentage of the red group was 7.3% and that of the
amber group was 82.1%. For both populations, differences were statistical significant by t-tests. We considered that seed dormancy of T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides was dependent on grain colour. It raised the possibility that brittle rachis is due to a paralogous gene set on homoeologous
group 3 chromosomes.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
11.
Genetic and environmental effects on abscisic acid accumulation in leaves of field-grown maize 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary This study analyzes the components of phenotypic variation for abscisic acid (ABA) content in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves and the correlations with drought sensitivity index (DSI) and silk delay (SD), involved in the reaction to water deficit. Eight early- and seven medium-maturity inbreds were examined in field trials: in 1990 with low irrigation volume and in 1991 with low and high irrigation volumes. ABA concentration and DSI were investigated at growth stages (S) corresponding to stem elongation (S3), appearance of the first husks (S4), and mid-end of silking (S5). The ABA concentration was significantly higher in conditions of water deficit and in the later growth stage. The genetic component for ABA concentration attained higher relative values than those shown by DSI in the same growth stages and by SD; moreover, it increased from growth stage 3 to stage 5. The genotype × year and genotype × irrigation volume interactions were smaller for ABA concentration than for DSI and SD. The broad sense heritability on a plant basis, estimated in drought conditions, for ABA concentration ranged from 21.4 to 55.1% according to maturity group and growth stage. A wide variation was observed among lines for ABA concentration: the medium-maturity group showed a three-fold range (from 219 to 605 ng ABA g–1 dry weight). No clear relationships between ABA concentration, DSI and SD were found. These results indicate the feasibility of a selection for ABA concentration within segregating populations derived from crosses between the inbred lines herein tested.Abbreviations ABA -
abscisic acid
- DSI -
drought sensitivity index
- DW -
dry weight
- SD -
silk delay 相似文献
12.
Grain dormancy in wheat is an important component of resistance to preharvest sprouting and hence an important trait for wheat
breeders. The significant influence of environment on the dormancy phenotype makes this trait an obvious target for marker-assisted-selection.
Closely related breeding lines, SUN325B and QT7475, containing a major dormancy QTL derived from AUS1408 located on chromosome
4A, but substantially different in dormancy phenotype, were compared with a non-dormant cultivar, Hartog, in a range of controlled
environments. As temperature increased, dormancy at harvest-ripeness decreased particularly for QT7475. The dormancy phenotypes
of reciprocal F1 grains involving all possible combinations of Hartog, QT7475 and SUN325B were also compared in two environments with different
temperatures. The results were consistent with the presence of QTL in addition to 4A in SUN325B, compared with QT7475, at
least one of which was associated with the seed coat. Genetic analysis of a doubled haploid population derived from SUN325B × QT7475
identified a highly significant QTL located on chromosome 3BL, close to the expected position of the mutant allele of the
red seed coat colour gene in white-grained wheat, R-B1a. When the lines in the population were grouped according to the parental alleles at marker loci flanking the 3B QTL, the
dormancy phenotype frequency distribution for the SUN325B group was shifted towards greater dormancy compared with the QT7475
group. However, significant variation for dormancy phenotype remained within each group. Lines representing the extremes of
the range of phenotypes within each group maintained their relative ranking across seven environments consistent with the
presence of another unidentified QTL contributing to dormancy in SUN325B. 相似文献
13.
Summary A durum wheat cultivar Langdon (LDN) and fourteen disomic D genome chromosome substitution lines of Langdon, where A or B genome chromosomes were replaced with homoeologous D genome chromosomes of Chinese Spring (CS), were used to assess the compensatory effect of the D genome chromosomes on photosynthetic rates at tetraploid level. The LDN 1D(1B) and LDN 3D(3B) lines showed significantly higher photosynthetic rates than Langdon, whereas LDN 1D(1A) and LDN 3D(3A) lines were not greatly different from Langdon. It appears that chromosomes 1B and 3B decrease photosynthesis. This suggests the differentiation of the effects on the photosynthesis within the first and third homoeologous groups. Substitution with the 2D chromosomes did not compensate the effects of either 2A or 2B chromosomes as it reduced photosynthetic rate compared to plant with either chromosomes 2A or 2B. Tetra CS had a higher photosynthetic rate than CS and Penta CS. The photosynthetic rate of CS was similar to that of Penta CS, which lacked one set of D genome. The results suggest that it may be possible to increase photosynthesis, if both sets of the D genome were entirely removed from hexaploid wheat. However, it is difficult to conclude that the lower rate of photosynthesis of the hexaploids was mainly attributable to D genome chromosome effects, because we did not find a dose dependent effect of D genome. Homoeologous differentiation of chromosomes may be involved in photosynthesis. 相似文献
14.
Summary Studies were made of days to ear emergence under the constant temperatures of 9, 14, 19 and 25°C and 16 h photoperiod in three sets of wheat lines each possessing genotypes differing for developmental responses.Days to ear emergence in three near-isogenic lines of the wheat cultivar Triple Dirk, which differed for vernalization response, increased as the strength of the response increased. At the four temperatures Triple Dirk D (Vrn 1 vrn 2) was not significantly different from normal Triple Dirk (Vrn 1 Vrn 2) but Triple Dirk B (vrn 1 Vrn 2) was significantly (P=0.01) later than normal Triple Dirk at each temperature. This indicates that the vrn 1 allele confers stronger vernalization response than vrn 2 over the range of temperatures (9–24°C). However, Triple Dirk C (vrn 1 vrn 2) failed to head after 120 days at each temperature indicating strong interaction between vrn 1 and vrn 2 with each other (and possibly the Triple Dirk back-ground) to give a much stronger vernalization response than predictions from additivity of their individual effects.The second set comprised the four Chinese Spring/Thatcher chromosome substitution lines CS/T 3B, 6B, 7B and 5D, plus Chinese Spring and Thatcher, and were grown in the unvernalized condition. CS/T 5D was similar in days to ear emergence as Chinese Spring at all four temperatures but the other three lines were earlier to ear emergence, particularly as the temperature increased. Days to ear emergence was fastest at 14°C in all lines, except CS/T 3B, in which it decreased progressively from 9 to 24°C.The third set of Chinese Spring and Thatcher and the homoeologous group 2 chromosomes of Thatcher substituted in Chinese Spring, the group which is considered to be involved in the control of photoperiod sensitivity. The three substitution lines responded differently to temperature compared with Chinese Spring and with each other, with chromosome 2D being the least, and chromosome 2B the most, responsive to temperature. 相似文献
15.
Seed dormancy is one of the important factors controlling pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) resistance in wheat. We identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for seed dormancy on the long arm of wheat chromosome 4A (4AL) via simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based genetic mapping using doubled haploid lines from a cross between Japanese PHS resistant variety ‘Kitamoe’ and the Alpine non-resistant variety “Münstertaler” (K/M). The QTL explained 43.3% of total phenotypic variation for seed dormancy under greenhouse conditions. SSR markers flanking the QTL were assigned to the chromosome long arm fraction length 0.59–0.66 on the basis of chromosome deletion analysis, suggesting that the gene(s) controlling seed dormancy are probably located within this region. Under greenhouse conditions, the QTL explained 28.5 and 39.0% of total phenotypic variation for seed dormancy in Haruyutaka/Leader (HT/L) and OS21-5/Haruyokoi (O/HK) populations, respectively. However, in field conditions, the effect was relatively low or not significant in both the K/M and HT/L populations. These markers were considered to be widely useful in common with various genetic backgrounds for improvement of seed dormancy through the use of marker-assisted selection. Further detailed research using near isogenic lines will be needed to define how this major QTL interacts with environmental conditions in our area. 相似文献
16.
Genetic Control of Vernalization, Day-length Response, and Earliness per se by Homoeologous Group-3 Chromosomes in Wheat 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
To identify homoeologous group-3 chromosomes that carry genes for vernalization, day-length responses, and earliness per se, a series of aneuploid lines (mono-somics and tetrasomics) and chromosome-substitution lines in ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) were surveyed under different vernalization and day-length regimes in controlled environments. The results indicated that genes on all three chromosomes of group 3 can have striking effects on ear-emergence time. The replacement of CS 3B by its homologues in ‘Lutescens 62’ and ‘Cheyenne’ produced an increased insensitivity to vernalization, while 3B homologues from ‘Ceska Presivka’ gave CS a remarkable sensitivity to vernalization. This provided evidence for multiple allelism at a new Vrn locus on chromosome 3B. A negative association between gene dosage and day-length response was found in CS 3D which was thought to carry a gene for promoting insensitivity to day-length. The behaviour of CS monosomic 3A and CS (Timstein 3A), in reducing numbers of days to heading independently of environmental stimuli, suggested the presence of earliness per se genes on this chromosome. 相似文献
17.
A.M. Castro S. Ramos A. Vasicek A. Worland D. Giménez A.A. Clúa E. Suárez 《Euphytica》2001,118(3):321-330
Two sets of intervarietal chromosome substitution lines in the recipient,susceptible cultivar ‘Chinese Spring’ were screened
to identify the wheat chromosomes involved with antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance resistance to greenbug and Russian wheat
aphid. The amphiploid ‘Synthetic’ and the cultivar ‘Hope’ were the donor parents. Antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance were
evaluated with conventional tests in controlled environmental conditions using a clone of greenbug biotype C and a clone of
RWA collected on wheat. Antixenosis against greenbug was accounted for by several chromosomes in both sets of substitution
lines with chromosome 2B contributing the highest level of this type of resistance. The highest levels of antixenosis against
RWA were associated with the group of chromosomes 7 of the substitutions CS/Syn set and the chromosome substitutions 2B, 6A
and 7D of the CS/Hope set. Antibiosis against both aphids species was accounted for by several different chromosomes. The
highest levels of antibiosis for most of RWA resistance traits were recorded from the 1B substitution line of the CS/Hope
set. More than one gene appears to determine antibiosis. Tolerance to both greenbug and the RWA was significantly associated
with chromosomes 1A,1D, and 6D in the CS/Syn set of substitutions. These lines showed enhanced plant growth under aphid infestation.
The highest levels of antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance against the two aphid species occurred mostly in different substitution
lines. Consequently, the different types of resistance for both pests seem to be partially independent. Since different genes
seem to be involved in at least several traits of the resistance categories against the two aphid species, such genes could
be combined in new cultivars of wheat to broaden their genetic base of resistance against the greenbug and the RWA.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
水稻种子休眠性是关系到稻米品质和稻种质量的一个重要农艺性状。研究水稻种子休眠性遗传及分子机制对培育具有适度休眠性的优良水稻品种具有重要意义。本研究以籼稻品种9311为受体、普通野生稻为供体的染色体片段置换系群体为材料,在后熟不同时间检测群体种子休眠性,对控制种子休眠性的QTL进行定位分析,共定位到14个QTL,分布在第3、第4、第5、第6、第7、第10、第11、第12染色体上。筛选休眠性显著强于背景亲本9311的家系,分析这些家系携带的QTL数目,表明携带的位点越多,休眠性越强。进一步利用家系Q14与9311的F2群体验证了第7染色体标记RM180和RM21323之间存在一个效应较大的QTL qSD-7-2,该位点LOD值为18.49,可解释的表型变异率为33.53%,表明该位点是一个控制普通野生稻种子休眠性的主效QTL,且能稳定遗传。本研究为野生稻种子休眠基因的精细定位及克隆奠定了基础,且为培育强休眠性籼稻品种提供了育种材料。 相似文献
19.
Heading time in cereals is a composite character determined by vernalization requirement, photoperiodic sensitivity and narrow-sense
earliness. To study the effects of added barley chromosomes on the heading characters in wheat, two sets of wheat-barley chromosome
addition lines, i.e., ‘Betzes’ barley chromosomes 2H to 7H added to ’Chinese Spring‘ wheat (CS-Be2H to CS-Be7H) and ‘New Golden’
barley chromosomes 5H and 6H added to ‘Shinchunaga’ wheat (Shi-NG5H, Shi-NG6H), were examined for their heading characters.
All barley chromosomes except Be6H affected vernalization requirement and/or narrow-sense earliness in CS or Shi. Be5H chromosome
also slightly increased the photoperiodic sensitivity of CS. Shi-NG5H addition line showed significantly decreased vernalization
requirement in comparison with Shi, whereas CS-Be5H did not show any difference from CS. The F1 hybrid of the cross, Shi-NG5H × CS-Be5H, exhibited the same level of vernalization insensitivity as the Shi-NG5H addition
line, and plants with and without a vernalization requirement segregated in a 1 : 3 ratio in the F2 generation. These observations, together with previous reports, suggest that the decreased vernalization requirement in the
Shi-NG5H addition line was caused by the presence of a major dominant gene for spring habit, Sh2, located on the NG5H barley chromosome. Furthermore, this study revealed that the Sh2 gene in barley has a similar but weaker effect than the wheat vernalization insensitive gene, Vrn1, on the vernalization
response in wheat.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
Backcrossed chromosome substitution lines (CS‐B) have been developed with a homologous pair of chromosomes or chromosome arms of Gossypium barbadense (3‐79) germplasm substituted for the homologous Gossypium hirsutum(TM‐1) chromosomes or chromosome segments. We report on agronomic and fibre trait performance of four backcrossed chromosome or chromosome arm substitution lines including chromosomes 01, 11sh (chromosome 11 short arm), 12 sh and 26 Lo (chromosome 26 long arm). Data for agronomic and fibre traits were collected from replicated field experiments at two different locations in 2 years, and analysed under an additive dominance genetic model. CS‐B 12sh had higher, while CS‐B 01 and CS‐B 26Lo had lower boll weight than TM‐1. The presence of significant negative additive effects for micronaire with CS‐B 01 and significant positive additive effects for elongation and fibre strength with CS‐B 11sh suggested the substituted chromosome arms of 3‐79 in these CS‐B lines were more likely carrying genes causing these effects. Results revealed that several CS‐B lines had significant homozygous and heterozygous dominance effects for different agronomic and fibre traits suggesting that specific CS‐B lines may be useful for improving agronomic and fibre traits in hybrid cottons. These CS‐B lines also provide novel genetic resources for improving upland cotton germplasm. 相似文献